This article attempts to investigate the phenomenon of class formation in Southern Kurdistan from 1921 to 1991, during which the class structure of this society changed gradually. On this basis, a historical sociological reading of the political upheaval implications for class formation has been made in Southern Kurdistan. Since the establishment of the Iraqi state in 1921, under the supervision of a British Mandate, in Southern Kurdistan, which was regarded as a part of this country, the feudal system was dominant until the July 1958 revolution in Iraq and the coming to power of Abdulkarim Qasim, which began to reform agricultural lands. On the other hand, the successive uprisings of the Kurdish nation, especially the Eylul uprising in 1961-1975 had a significant influence on the formation and change of the class relations in Southern Kurdistan. As a result, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, there were significant changes in class relations, which led to the formation of petit-bourgeoisie that played a crucial role in the coming years in Southern Kurdistan.
{"title":"The Historical Sociology of Class Formation in the Southern Kurdistan: 1921-1991","authors":"Eyyub Kerimi, Dilshad Sabri Ali","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi7.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi7.299","url":null,"abstract":"This article attempts to investigate the phenomenon of class formation in Southern Kurdistan from 1921 to 1991, during which the class structure of this society changed gradually. On this basis, a historical sociological reading of the political upheaval implications for class formation has been made in Southern Kurdistan. Since the establishment of the Iraqi state in 1921, under the supervision of a British Mandate, in Southern Kurdistan, which was regarded as a part of this country, the feudal system was dominant until the July 1958 revolution in Iraq and the coming to power of Abdulkarim Qasim, which began to reform agricultural lands. On the other hand, the successive uprisings of the Kurdish nation, especially the Eylul uprising in 1961-1975 had a significant influence on the formation and change of the class relations in Southern Kurdistan. As a result, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, there were significant changes in class relations, which led to the formation of petit-bourgeoisie that played a crucial role in the coming years in Southern Kurdistan.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128766923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study aimed to examine the prevalence of certain personality disorders، including antisocial، borderline and narcissistic among parents of basic education students. Similarly، it aimed to examine the prevalence of conduct disorder among basic education students، and the differences in the prevalence of these disorders according to gender. The current study also aimed to investigate the contribution of parents’ personality disorders in the variance of children’s conduct disorder. The researchers prepared three measures to examine parent’s personality disorders. A questionnaire by Abdullah (2019)، which was according to DSM-5، was utilized to assess conduct disorder. Regarding the study sample، the data was collected throughout a multi-stages random sampling method. One thousand eight hundred parents (900 fathers and 900 mothers) of third، fourth and fifth grade children in Sulaymanyeah basic education schools participated in the current study. Along with the parents، sixty teachers also filled out the conduct disorder questionnaire. The results indicated that the prevalence of antisocial personality disorder was %1 for both parents، and the prevalence of borderline personality disorder among mother was %2 and was %3 for father respectively. The narcissistic personality reached %5 according to the mothers’ questionnaire and was %4 according to the fathers’ questionnaire. Concerning the prevalence of children’s conduct disorder، based on the parents report، it was found that %08 children suffer from this disorder ، and %07 based on the teacher reports. The findings also showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of parent’s antisocial personality disorder. However، a significant difference was noticed in borderline personality disorder in favor of the fathers. In addition، the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder was found to be higher among mother compared to fathers. Gender difference was also found in conduct disorder، suggesting that males manifested higher level of conduct disorder than females. Finally، the result of the study indicated a positive correlation between parents’ antisocial personality disorder and children’s conduct disorder.
{"title":"Personality disorders (antisocial, borderline, and narcissistic) among parents and their relationship to behavioral disorders among basic education students","authors":"Rejin Omed sidiq, Rashid Ali mirza jaff","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi7.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi7.294","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to examine the prevalence of certain personality disorders، including antisocial، borderline and narcissistic among parents of basic education students. Similarly، it aimed to examine the prevalence of conduct disorder among basic education students، and the differences in the prevalence of these disorders according to gender. The current study also aimed to investigate the contribution of parents’ personality disorders in the variance of children’s conduct disorder. The researchers prepared three measures to examine parent’s personality disorders. A questionnaire by Abdullah (2019)، which was according to DSM-5، was utilized to assess conduct disorder. Regarding the study sample، the data was collected throughout a multi-stages random sampling method. One thousand eight hundred parents (900 fathers and 900 mothers) of third، fourth and fifth grade children in Sulaymanyeah basic education schools participated in the current study. Along with the parents، sixty teachers also filled out the conduct disorder questionnaire. The results indicated that the prevalence of antisocial personality disorder was %1 for both parents، and the prevalence of borderline personality disorder among mother was %2 and was %3 for father respectively. The narcissistic personality reached %5 according to the mothers’ questionnaire and was %4 according to the fathers’ questionnaire. Concerning the prevalence of children’s conduct disorder، based on the parents report، it was found that %08 children suffer from this disorder ، and %07 based on the teacher reports. The findings also showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of parent’s antisocial personality disorder. However، a significant difference was noticed in borderline personality disorder in favor of the fathers. In addition، the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder was found to be higher among mother compared to fathers. Gender difference was also found in conduct disorder، suggesting that males manifested higher level of conduct disorder than females. Finally، the result of the study indicated a positive correlation between parents’ antisocial personality disorder and children’s conduct disorder.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117019693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Husain ahmad, Shakhawan Jalal hachi faraj
This study entitled “Powerful and Powerless Language from a Sociolinguistics Perspective” aims to identify linguistic and non-linguistic criteria of powerful and powerless speech styles and to find methods of a suitable theoretical and practical framework for sociolinguistics research in Kurdish. The importance of the study is that: (a) it explains how to distinguish between strong and weak styles, which are related to both the concepts of “power language” (element, age, social status) and “language of power” (It covers all abilities of an individual in drafting and organizing expressions effectively and attractively), (b) According to the researcher’s knowledge, this method has not been implemented in Kurdish to distinguish between powerful and powerless styles of language. The research consists of two parts. The first part is devoted to introducing the concept of individual power in language, also the source of this power and its impact on persuading recipients is intensively discussed. The second part examines the linguistic strategies that are the main tools of contemporary research, on the one hand, these strategies appear as criteria for distinguishing and identifying strong and weak styles of language (all Kurdish language researchers rely on them). The study has also proved that these strategies alone cannot succeed criteria, unless the dimensions of environment, element, age and social status of speaker and recipient are taken into account.
{"title":"Strong and weak language styles from a cosmological point of view","authors":"Mohammed Husain ahmad, Shakhawan Jalal hachi faraj","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi7.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi7.291","url":null,"abstract":"This study entitled “Powerful and Powerless Language from a Sociolinguistics Perspective” aims to identify linguistic and non-linguistic criteria of powerful and powerless speech styles and to find methods of a suitable theoretical and practical framework for sociolinguistics research in Kurdish. The importance of the study is that: (a) it explains how to distinguish between strong and weak styles, which are related to both the concepts of “power language” (element, age, social status) and “language of power” (It covers all abilities of an individual in drafting and organizing expressions effectively and attractively), (b) According to the researcher’s knowledge, this method has not been implemented in Kurdish to distinguish between powerful and powerless styles of language. The research consists of two parts. The first part is devoted to introducing the concept of individual power in language, also the source of this power and its impact on persuading recipients is intensively discussed. The second part examines the linguistic strategies that are the main tools of contemporary research, on the one hand, these strategies appear as criteria for distinguishing and identifying strong and weak styles of language (all Kurdish language researchers rely on them). The study has also proved that these strategies alone cannot succeed criteria, unless the dimensions of environment, element, age and social status of speaker and recipient are taken into account.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130234439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research is exposed - by description and analysis - to a group of issues of an ethical nature that had a presence in the various Mesopotamian laws, as these issues reflect an important aspect of the prevailing social life at the time, and show how the ancient legislators dealt with all violations and departure from the general social norm. We have tried to summarize the ethical issues, related to sexual relations in particular, raised in these laws in specific headings. There are legal provisions that deal with the issue of marital infidelity and others that decide the issue of assault, extramarital relations, or the issue of accusing someone of a moral issue. Other articles deal with the issue of incest (sexual relations with incest). The laws also highlight the role and status of parents through a number of provisions. Perhaps the research can touch the ancient roots of many of the moral phenomena prevailing in our societies, and also highlights the historical extension of many of the laws and laws that regulate the movement of society today.
{"title":"Some ethical issues in the light of ancient Mesopotamian laws","authors":"Salahadin Baqi husain, Omar Ahmed mahmoud","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi7.296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi7.296","url":null,"abstract":"This research is exposed - by description and analysis - to a group of issues of an ethical nature that had a presence in the various Mesopotamian laws, as these issues reflect an important aspect of the prevailing social life at the time, and show how the ancient legislators dealt with all violations and departure from the general social norm. We have tried to summarize the ethical issues, related to sexual relations in particular, raised in these laws in specific headings. There are legal provisions that deal with the issue of marital infidelity and others that decide the issue of assault, extramarital relations, or the issue of accusing someone of a moral issue. Other articles deal with the issue of incest (sexual relations with incest). The laws also highlight the role and status of parents through a number of provisions. Perhaps the research can touch the ancient roots of many of the moral phenomena prevailing in our societies, and also highlights the historical extension of many of the laws and laws that regulate the movement of society today.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"19 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113955473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Sumer was politically known in the late third millennium BC during the Third Dynasty of Ur (2113-2004 BC), considered one of the most prominent ruling dynasties of Sumerian civilization the family paid great attention to business and constantly they worked to further expand businesses of both types (foreign and domestic). Another major feature of the economy of this period was the emergence of independent entrepreneurs who worked for themselves and had the title of merchants they had inherited from their parents and they left behind archival records and documents that have become available to researchers. This study describes the business activities of three of the most prominent merchants of the time, who were the leaders of the group they recorded their business activities in their own cuneiform archives, the basis of the study according to the archives that have been read and analyzed by several researchers in the field of ancient languages in the past few years, there is no doubt that the cuneiform records of that time are considered the best source for understanding and expertise being in different areas of civilization, especially the economic aspects of the country because 90% of the texts that so far, they have been found to be related to the economy in general and trade in particular.
{"title":"The pioneers of domestic trade in Sumer in the late third millennium BC and their cuneiform archives","authors":"Kalle Muhamed hamad, Ari Kamil xalil","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi6.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi6.288","url":null,"abstract":"The Sumer was politically known in the late third millennium BC during the Third Dynasty of Ur (2113-2004 BC), considered one of the most prominent ruling dynasties of Sumerian civilization the family paid great attention to business and constantly they worked to further expand businesses of both types (foreign and domestic). Another major feature of the economy of this period was the emergence of independent entrepreneurs who worked for themselves and had the title of merchants they had inherited from their parents and they left behind archival records and documents that have become available to researchers. This study describes the business activities of three of the most prominent merchants of the time, who were the leaders of the group they recorded their business activities in their own cuneiform archives, the basis of the study according to the archives that have been read and analyzed by several researchers in the field of ancient languages in the past few years, there is no doubt that the cuneiform records of that time are considered the best source for understanding and expertise being in different areas of civilization, especially the economic aspects of the country because 90% of the texts that so far, they have been found to be related to the economy in general and trade in particular.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123536146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Sumer was politically known in the late third millennium BC during the Third Dynasty of Ur BC), considered one of the most prominent ruling dynasties of Sumerian civilization 2004 -2113 ( the family paid great attention to business and constantly they worked to further expand businesses of both types (foreign and domestic). Another major feature of the economy of this period was the emergence of independent entrepreneurs who worked for themselves and had the title of merchants they had inherited from their parents and they left behind archival records and documents that have become available to researchers. This study describes the business activities of three of the most prominent merchants of the time, who were the leaders of the group they recorded their business activities in their own cuneiform archives, the basis of the study according to the archives that have been read and analyzed by several researchers in the field of ancient languages in the past few years, there is no doubt that the cuneiform records of that time are considered the best source for understanding and expertise being in different areas of civilization, especially the economic aspects of the texts that so far, they have been found to be related to the economy %90 of the country because in general and trade in particular.
{"title":"Pioneers of Domestic Trade in Late Sumer Thousand of the Third Century BC and Their Cuneiform Archives","authors":"Kale Muhamad Hamad, Ari Kamil Khalil","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi6.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi6.271","url":null,"abstract":"The Sumer was politically known in the late third millennium BC during the Third Dynasty of Ur BC), considered one of the most prominent ruling dynasties of Sumerian civilization 2004 -2113 ( the family paid great attention to business and constantly they worked to further expand businesses of both types (foreign and domestic). Another major feature of the economy of this period was the emergence of independent entrepreneurs who worked for themselves and had the title of merchants they had inherited from their parents and they left behind archival records and documents that have become available to researchers. This study describes the business activities of three of the most prominent merchants of the time, who were the leaders of the group they recorded their business activities in their own cuneiform archives, the basis of the study according to the archives that have been read and analyzed by several researchers in the field of ancient languages in the past few years, there is no doubt that the cuneiform records of that time are considered the best source for understanding and expertise being in different areas of civilization, especially the economic aspects of the texts that so far, they have been found to be related to the economy %90 of the country because in general and trade in particular.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125880102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of money laundering on banking activities in Iraq by using the descriptive method to describe the money laundering problem and its effect on the Iraqi economy, specifically its impact on the economy and the banking sector. After that, we discussed the most recent steps taken into consideration by the government of Iraq to overcome this issue. The data in this study is based on secondary data collected from the annual reports of the Central Banks of Iraq (CBI) during (2021-2022). The collated data were statistically analyzed through the SPSS method. The results show that money laundering has a significant and negative impact on the Iraqi economy and causes structural damages to local currency in short- and long-term periods. Finally, the study recommends that serious government actions must be taken to overcome money laundering in Iraq and the banking sector in particular.
{"title":"ThThe Phenomenon of Money Laundering and Its Impact on Economic Growth in Iraq","authors":"Muhammad Nawzad Ali, Amanj Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi6.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi6.277","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of money laundering on banking activities in Iraq by using the descriptive method to describe the money laundering problem and its effect on the Iraqi economy, specifically its impact on the economy and the banking sector. After that, we discussed the most recent steps taken into consideration by the government of Iraq to overcome this issue. The data in this study is based on secondary data collected from the annual reports of the Central Banks of Iraq (CBI) during (2021-2022). The collated data were statistically analyzed through the SPSS method. The results show that money laundering has a significant and negative impact on the Iraqi economy and causes structural damages to local currency in short- and long-term periods. Finally, the study recommends that serious government actions must be taken to overcome money laundering in Iraq and the banking sector in particular.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126543080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kurdish History in Sudan has a long history spanning several historical periods. The earliest dates back to Saladin Ayyubid’s time, when his brother Turansha led a military force into Sudan to occupy the kingdom of Alawa, east of Khartoum. The Ottomans, during the reign of Sultan Salimi I, sent some Kurdish leaders and soldiers to conquer eastern Sudan, and they played a significant role in the occupation. During the reign of Mohammed Ali Pasha in Egypt and the conquest of Sudan, the Kurds again participated as military and intelligence personnel. Some of these soldiers and leaders remained in Sudan and became part of the social and political structure of Sudanese society. This study explores the history of Kurdish presence in Sudan, tracing back to the era of Saladin Ayyubid and the Ottoman Empire. The study examines the political participation of Kurds in Sudan and their roles in contemporary and modern Sudanese history. Using the chronological and analytical methodology, the study concludes that Kurds played a significant role in the resistance against British occupation in the late 19 th century, particularly in eastern Sudan regions. Kurdish military leader Osman Dqna led the Mahdi Movement and used guerrilla warfare techniques to defeat British forces, making him the first person in Africa to defeat the British military technique known as the English Square. The study highlights the important contributions of Kurdish families in the revolution against Britain in East Sudan.
{"title":"The Role of Kurdish Politicians in Sudan (Osman Dqna) as an Example","authors":"Jawhar Jalal Usu, Kamaran Muhamad Qadir","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi6.270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi6.270","url":null,"abstract":"Kurdish History in Sudan has a long history spanning several historical periods. The earliest dates back to Saladin Ayyubid’s time, when his brother Turansha led a military force into Sudan to occupy the kingdom of Alawa, east of Khartoum. The Ottomans, during the reign of Sultan Salimi I, sent some Kurdish leaders and soldiers to conquer eastern Sudan, and they played a significant role in the occupation. During the reign of Mohammed Ali Pasha in Egypt and the conquest of Sudan, the Kurds again participated as military and intelligence personnel. Some of these soldiers and leaders remained in Sudan and became part of the social and political structure of Sudanese society. This study explores the history of Kurdish presence in Sudan, tracing back to the era of Saladin Ayyubid and the Ottoman Empire. The study examines the political participation of Kurds in Sudan and their roles in contemporary and modern Sudanese history. Using the chronological and analytical methodology, the study concludes that Kurds played a significant role in the resistance against British occupation in the late 19 th century, particularly in eastern Sudan regions. Kurdish military leader Osman Dqna led the Mahdi Movement and used guerrilla warfare techniques to defeat British forces, making him the first person in Africa to defeat the British military technique known as the English Square. The study highlights the important contributions of Kurdish families in the revolution against Britain in East Sudan.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130764464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meetings of managers and minimizing administrative errors are two basic principles of discipline that are receiving increasing attention among business organizations. Despite this, the nature of the relationship between the role of managers’ meetings and the reduction of administrative errors remains unclear. Based on this, this research provides an insight by studying the role of managers’ meetings in reducing the errors of administrative functions in higher education centers in Halabja Governorate, based on a hypothetical scheme that takes into account the direction of the relationship between the components of managers’ meetings and reducing the errors of administrative functions. By organizing a theoretical framework, taking advantages of the literature on the subject, the research approved the descriptive analytical method and the questionnaire was used to survey the opinions of the research sample, (117) of questionnaires distributed on the entire research community consisting of (117) managers. (113) a valid form was retrieved, for a statistical analysis and some statistical methods were used to analyze the results and test hypotheses. Among the most important results of the research is that there is a statistically significant relationship between managers’ meetings and reducing the errors of administrative functions. On the other hand, the results showed that the dimension of defining the goal of the meeting had a greater role compared with other dimensions in reducing the errors of administrative functions, and in the light of that result, the research recommended the need to pay attention to defining the goal of the meeting of managers in order to avoid falling into administrative errors for the educational centers surveyed in the governorate Halabja.
{"title":"The Role of Managers' Meetings in Reducing Administrative Job Errors","authors":"Mariwan Mahdi Jamil","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi6.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi6.274","url":null,"abstract":"Meetings of managers and minimizing administrative errors are two basic principles of discipline that are receiving increasing attention among business organizations. Despite this, the nature of the relationship between the role of managers’ meetings and the reduction of administrative errors remains unclear. Based on this, this research provides an insight by studying the role of managers’ meetings in reducing the errors of administrative functions in higher education centers in Halabja Governorate, based on a hypothetical scheme that takes into account the direction of the relationship between the components of managers’ meetings and reducing the errors of administrative functions. By organizing a theoretical framework, taking advantages of the literature on the subject, the research approved the descriptive analytical method and the questionnaire was used to survey the opinions of the research sample, (117) of questionnaires distributed on the entire research community consisting of (117) managers. (113) a valid form was retrieved, for a statistical analysis and some statistical methods were used to analyze the results and test hypotheses. Among the most important results of the research is that there is a statistically significant relationship between managers’ meetings and reducing the errors of administrative functions. On the other hand, the results showed that the dimension of defining the goal of the meeting had a greater role compared with other dimensions in reducing the errors of administrative functions, and in the light of that result, the research recommended the need to pay attention to defining the goal of the meeting of managers in order to avoid falling into administrative errors for the educational centers surveyed in the governorate Halabja.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130322914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to find out the impact of the strategy of Socratic dialogue and the strategy of sending the problem, on the corresponding ihram, and the students' attitude towards the academic discussion material for the first stage of the two Faculty of Education at Koya University for the academic year 2021-2022. The method used in this study is the experimental method according to the nature of the study, and the study population includes Koya University students, which included a free sample of students from the Department of Geography from the two faculties of education - Koya University, whose number reached (45) students. After matching the experimental group and the control group on several levels, the first experimental group was taught in the Socratic strategy method, and the second experimental group was taught in the problem-submission method, and the control group was taught in the normal way. (Which consisted of (26) paragraphs. Then, the preparation of the second scale (students’ attitude towards academic discussion material) in several scientific steps, which consisted of (30) paragraphs. After preparing the questionnaires, honesty was extracted according to the opinions of nonsense, after that several types of stability were discovered for the two scales. After returning the forms, emptying them, analyzing them, and using statistical equations, the researcher presented the results of the research using the Socratic strategic method and the method of sending the problem. The study showed that there was a level of statistical significance on each A measure of the corresponding ihraam measures and a measure of the student's attitude towards the academic discussion material, then the researcher presented some conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.
{"title":"The Effect of Using the Strategies of “Socratic Dialogue and Send Problems”","authors":"Bahat Abdulrazaq Saeed, Kawa Ali Muhamad","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi6.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi6.273","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to find out the impact of the strategy of Socratic dialogue and the strategy of sending the problem, on the corresponding ihram, and the students' attitude towards the academic discussion material for the first stage of the two Faculty of Education at Koya University for the academic year 2021-2022. The method used in this study is the experimental method according to the nature of the study, and the study population includes Koya University students, which included a free sample of students from the Department of Geography from the two faculties of education - Koya University, whose number reached (45) students. After matching the experimental group and the control group on several levels, the first experimental group was taught in the Socratic strategy method, and the second experimental group was taught in the problem-submission method, and the control group was taught in the normal way. (Which consisted of (26) paragraphs. Then, the preparation of the second scale (students’ attitude towards academic discussion material) in several scientific steps, which consisted of (30) paragraphs. After preparing the questionnaires, honesty was extracted according to the opinions of nonsense, after that several types of stability were discovered for the two scales. After returning the forms, emptying them, analyzing them, and using statistical equations, the researcher presented the results of the research using the Socratic strategic method and the method of sending the problem. The study showed that there was a level of statistical significance on each A measure of the corresponding ihraam measures and a measure of the student's attitude towards the academic discussion material, then the researcher presented some conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127336410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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