This study investigated the exchange rate on Iraq’s economic growth situation. It examined the exchange rate’s effect on GDP, GNP, and INF. An ex-post facto research design was used to collect secondary data from the Central Bank of Iraq and macro trends Statistical Bulletin from 1 January 2004 to 30 November 2022. Hypoth- esis analysis used Least Squares. Exchange rates affect GDP, GNP, and INF. As a result, GDP can be used as an essential basis for economic development, and the GNP is a vital factor for economic infrastructure to change people’s living conditions. The exchange rate positively and significantly impacted GDP, and the analysis sug- gests a significant association between the independent and dependent variables, except for GNP. The study rec- ommends that Iraq’s currency authority manage exchange rates in response to the U.S. dollar to boost economic growth. Price stability can also boost Iraqi economic growth, boosting the dinar’s value.
{"title":"Analyzing and Measuring the Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on Economic Growth in Iraq for The Period (2004-2022)","authors":"Haawre Latif Majee","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi2.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi2.225","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the exchange rate on Iraq’s economic growth situation. It examined the exchange rate’s effect on GDP, GNP, and INF. An ex-post facto research design was used to collect secondary data from the Central Bank of Iraq and macro trends Statistical Bulletin from 1 January 2004 to 30 November 2022. Hypoth- esis analysis used Least Squares. Exchange rates affect GDP, GNP, and INF. As a result, GDP can be used as an essential basis for economic development, and the GNP is a vital factor for economic infrastructure to change people’s living conditions. The exchange rate positively and significantly impacted GDP, and the analysis sug- gests a significant association between the independent and dependent variables, except for GNP. The study rec- ommends that Iraq’s currency authority manage exchange rates in response to the U.S. dollar to boost economic growth. Price stability can also boost Iraqi economic growth, boosting the dinar’s value.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116904430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
National security has become a fundamental factor in Turkey's foreign policy Problems between the two countries. Therefore, grief has become an influential factor in the emergence of a number of problems between the two countries. Therefore, the research is based on this argument. In order to prove the research's grievances about the main question, the research is based on this argument. In general, the problems of this reflect the nature of relations between Iraq and Turkey over a period of time. In general, the recent conflicts between Iraq and Turkey can be classified into three groups: First, the recent security problems between Iraq and Turkey can be divided into three groups: The first is the security problem, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security instability, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security deterioration of the region in general. The second is the lack of trust between the two countries in the region in general and inside Iraq in particular. These are some of the findings of the study and the crises in the region, especially in relation to the Arab Spring process. These are some of the findings of the study. We have received it.
{"title":"Barriers to the development of interrelationships between Iraq and Turkey in the years (2014 – 2020)","authors":"Xelan Awakalaey, Salih Omer Issa","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi2.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi2.221","url":null,"abstract":"National security has become a fundamental factor in Turkey's foreign policy Problems between the two countries. Therefore, grief has become an influential factor in the emergence of a number of problems between the two countries. Therefore, the research is based on this argument. In order to prove the research's grievances about the main question, the research is based on this argument. In general, the problems of this reflect the nature of relations between Iraq and Turkey over a period of time. In general, the recent conflicts between Iraq and Turkey can be classified into three groups: First, the recent security problems between Iraq and Turkey can be divided into three groups: The first is the security problem, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security instability, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security deterioration of the region in general. The second is the lack of trust between the two countries in the region in general and inside Iraq in particular. These are some of the findings of the study and the crises in the region, especially in relation to the Arab Spring process. These are some of the findings of the study. We have received it.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123807082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The surface water is a reflection of the climatic and topographical conditions of the basin in the study area, and affects the estimation of the amount of runoff water on the surface inside the basin. It is also possible to measure the amount of running water in the basin and know the periods of increase, and water scarcity in this quantity, on the other hand, take advantage from water for all fields and uses. Qalachwalan basin is one of the water basins located at north of the city of Sulaymaniyah with an area of (876.1) km2, and all of its water sources are within the borders of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Due to unsteady rain and heavy precipitation in the recent years, therefore, it was necessary to conduct some researches to know the size and amount of runoff, besides, to see if it is possible to benefit from it for the development and investment of the study areas. Accordingly, Soil Conservation Service- Curve Number (SCS – CN) Method has been used used to estimate the depth and amount of the annual runoff. From this study it became clear to us that the area has seven uses )Bodies of water, dense forests, agricultural lands, grasslands, residential lands, barren lands, paved roads. Besides, it appeared that the greatest amount of runoff, which lies in the grassland equals to (588523320) m3, and the smallest amount with (4442480) m3 lies in the forest area. So, we discover that the total amount of the basin water reached about (700141140) m3. Finally, our data are very vital for the local government and stakeholders in the future to how to deal with this water basin especially with unsteady precipitations.
{"title":"Hydrological Estimation for the Runoff of Qalachwalan Basin Using Hydrological Estimation for the Runoff of Qalachwalan Basin Using (SCS – CN) Method (2000 – 2020)","authors":"Aram Dawood Abbas, Khalel Karim Muhammed","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi2.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi2.218","url":null,"abstract":"The surface water is a reflection of the climatic and topographical conditions of the basin in the study area, and affects the estimation of the amount of runoff water on the surface inside the basin. It is also possible to measure the amount of running water in the basin and know the periods of increase, and water scarcity in this quantity, on the other hand, take advantage from water for all fields and uses. Qalachwalan basin is one of the water basins located at north of the city of Sulaymaniyah with an area of (876.1) km2, and all of its water sources are within the borders of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Due to unsteady rain and heavy precipitation in the recent years, therefore, it was necessary to conduct some researches to know the size and amount of runoff, besides, to see if it is possible to benefit from it for the development and investment of the study areas. Accordingly, Soil Conservation Service- Curve Number (SCS – CN) Method has been used used to estimate the depth and amount of the annual runoff. From this study it became clear to us that the area has seven uses )Bodies of water, dense forests, agricultural lands, grasslands, residential lands, barren lands, paved roads. Besides, it appeared that the greatest amount of runoff, which lies in the grassland equals to (588523320) m3, and the smallest amount with (4442480) m3 lies in the forest area. So, we discover that the total amount of the basin water reached about (700141140) m3. Finally, our data are very vital for the local government and stakeholders in the future to how to deal with this water basin especially with unsteady precipitations.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115399143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is to evaluate the stance of both Iran and Turkey on the independence referendum of the Iraqi Kurds, 2017. This has been done by reviewing several articles that have, partly, highlighted the stance of Iraqi neighboring countries on the issue. It is, therefore, a survey-like study to find out why and how these states were against the step. While the Kurdish attempt for independence was backed by several historical reasons and realistic opportunities, it faced failure. Iran and Turkey, as two Iraqi neighbors that have a considerable number of Kurdish populations inside their borders, played a crucial role in defeating the step. The point here is that, globally, while Western powers were against Iran’s behavior, agreed with it in facing the referendum. Besides, regionally, while Iran and Turkey had lots of issues regarding the Syrian crisis, they agreed on taking joint steps against the referendum. This means that the regional powers and the international community agreed on protecting Iraqi territorial integrity by violating the Kurdish right to self-determination. The fact is that Iran and Turkey’s fear of spillover effects of the referendum on their population was a realistic one, to an extent. However, the unaddressed question is that nulling the referendum did not solve the Kurdish dilemma in the Middle East. Additionally, the referendum has become another issue to challenge the new world order which, in theory, is based on international law and principles; and, in practice, it is based on the interest of great powers. The Kurdish issue, in both theory and practice, is a problematique one for the international community. Here, the conflict of interests is between the stateless nations who want to become independent and the current states who want to protect their territorial integrity.
{"title":"Iraqi Neighbors’ Stance on Kurdish Independence Referendum of 2017: Iran and Turkey","authors":"Hoshang Dara Hama Ameen","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi2.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi2.227","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is to evaluate the stance of both Iran and Turkey on the independence referendum of the Iraqi Kurds, 2017. This has been done by reviewing several articles that have, partly, highlighted the stance of Iraqi neighboring countries on the issue. It is, therefore, a survey-like study to find out why and how these states were against the step. While the Kurdish attempt for independence was backed by several historical reasons and realistic opportunities, it faced failure. Iran and Turkey, as two Iraqi neighbors that have a considerable number of Kurdish populations inside their borders, played a crucial role in defeating the step. The point here is that, globally, while Western powers were against Iran’s behavior, agreed with it in facing the referendum. Besides, regionally, while Iran and Turkey had lots of issues regarding the Syrian crisis, they agreed on taking joint steps against the referendum. This means that the regional powers and the international community agreed on protecting Iraqi territorial integrity by violating the Kurdish right to self-determination. The fact is that Iran and Turkey’s fear of spillover effects of the referendum on their population was a realistic one, to an extent. However, the unaddressed question is that nulling the referendum did not solve the Kurdish dilemma in the Middle East. Additionally, the referendum has become another issue to challenge the new world order which, in theory, is based on international law and principles; and, in practice, it is based on the interest of great powers. The Kurdish issue, in both theory and practice, is a problematique one for the international community. Here, the conflict of interests is between the stateless nations who want to become independent and the current states who want to protect their territorial integrity.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120958013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The historical geography of the Erbil Province in the second millennium BC remains obscure, although nu- merous inscriptional data –compared to other periods- exist. This article is an attempt to reconstruct the geo- graphical setting of the region in a specific short time, when king Šamšī-Adad I expanded his sway to the east Tigris region in the early second millennium BC. From this time we have data from Mari and Shemshara in which many GNs have been mentioned and this has been used as a basis to locate the cities, settlements, and routes mentioned.
{"title":"Contribution to the Historical Geography of Erbil Province in the Second Millennium BC","authors":"Kozad M. Ahmed","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi2.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi2.226","url":null,"abstract":"The historical geography of the Erbil Province in the second millennium BC remains obscure, although nu- merous inscriptional data –compared to other periods- exist. This article is an attempt to reconstruct the geo- graphical setting of the region in a specific short time, when king Šamšī-Adad I expanded his sway to the east Tigris region in the early second millennium BC. From this time we have data from Mari and Shemshara in which many GNs have been mentioned and this has been used as a basis to locate the cities, settlements, and routes mentioned.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"2004 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125797336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The process of integrating people into the political, social, and cultural assimilation of individuals of a nation is known as nation-building, which has caused a number of obstacles for this extensive and multidimensional process. In order to return to the position and policies of the ruling elite and the institutions of the Kurdistan Region, the researcher depends on the qualitative approach in the current study, which focuses on the political and social barriers to the nation-building process in the Kurdistan Region. The key inquiry is therefore: What are the political and social impediments to the process of nation-building in the Kurdistan Region? In order to respond to this question, this research takes into account a number of factors, including the partisan clash and civil war between the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, as well as the absence of a comprehensive national strategy that united the nation before it resulted in the emergence of two utterly distinct administrations in the Kurdistan Region. On the other hand, Kurdistan’s nation-building efforts are hampered, according to the researcher, by the use of the two dialects policy, tribal culture, the fragility of civil society, the separation of the nation, and the predominance of foreign languages and cultures in private educational institutions. As a result of these barriers, there is a sharp divide between identity and common culture as well as a division between politics and culture. As a result, in order for the nation-building process in the Kurdistan Region to be successful, it must be kept as a unified political entity free from dual administration, the institution of forces, and the building of a unified language )standard language(, while also requiring private educational institutions to promote Kurdish culture and language in their curricula. It means that the Kurdish language and culture must be emphasized in the curricula of private educational institutions.
{"title":"Political and Social Obstacles to the Nation-Building Process in Kurdistan Region","authors":"Samih Sabr Sdiq, Admin Faraj Sharif","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi2.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi2.220","url":null,"abstract":"The process of integrating people into the political, social, and cultural assimilation of individuals of a nation is known as nation-building, which has caused a number of obstacles for this extensive and multidimensional process. In order to return to the position and policies of the ruling elite and the institutions of the Kurdistan Region, the researcher depends on the qualitative approach in the current study, which focuses on the political and social barriers to the nation-building process in the Kurdistan Region. The key inquiry is therefore: What are the political and social impediments to the process of nation-building in the Kurdistan Region? In order to respond to this question, this research takes into account a number of factors, including the partisan clash and civil war between the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, as well as the absence of a comprehensive national strategy that united the nation before it resulted in the emergence of two utterly distinct administrations in the Kurdistan Region. On the other hand, Kurdistan’s nation-building efforts are hampered, according to the researcher, by the use of the two dialects policy, tribal culture, the fragility of civil society, the separation of the nation, and the predominance of foreign languages and cultures in private educational institutions. As a result of these barriers, there is a sharp divide between identity and common culture as well as a division between politics and culture. As a result, in order for the nation-building process in the Kurdistan Region to be successful, it must be kept as a unified political entity free from dual administration, the institution of forces, and the building of a unified language )standard language(, while also requiring private educational institutions to promote Kurdish culture and language in their curricula. It means that the Kurdish language and culture must be emphasized in the curricula of private educational institutions. ","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124377494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to delve into the housing structure in the city of Sulaymaniyah, and due to the lack of data on the housing structure about the city of Sulaymaniyah, the researcher conducted a questionnaire process by distributing 150 forms regarding information about the housing structure in the city and they were randomly distributed in order to collect information about the status of the unit The housing units in terms of the area of housing units, the ownership of housing units and the density of housing of all kinds. The results of the re- search were also compared with some of the studies that studied the housing structure in some Iraqi cities. The results of the study were also compared with some planning standards or with the standards of the Ministry of Housing and Construction in Iraq, and in terms of The per capita share of the residential use area in the city of Sulaymaniyah amounted to (28 m²) per person in 2022, which indicates the high density of residential use. The Urban Planning Commission in Iraq has set the standard (50 m²) as a share per person of the space allocated for housing, as for the urban situation For the housing unit, which is very important to know the nature and size of the housing problem, it was found in the study area and according to the data of the field study that 24 % of the housing units are unfit for habitation for many reasons, including the lack of potable water, the lack of electricity, the absence of a sewage network, or because of the age of construction or because of the location of the housing unit is not suitable.The study also reached several recommendations, the most important of which is to build a database in statistical centers for information and data related to housing in order to improve the level of housing and also to follow a housing policy in order to provide appropriate housing for families and provide facilities for investors to establish housing projects for people with limited income.
{"title":"Residential Structure in the City of Sulaymaniyah (A Study in the Geography of Cities)","authors":"Bayan Ali Hussain","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi2.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi2.223","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to delve into the housing structure in the city of Sulaymaniyah, and due to the lack of data on the housing structure about the city of Sulaymaniyah, the researcher conducted a questionnaire process by distributing 150 forms regarding information about the housing structure in the city and they were randomly distributed in order to collect information about the status of the unit The housing units in terms of the area of housing units, the ownership of housing units and the density of housing of all kinds. The results of the re- search were also compared with some of the studies that studied the housing structure in some Iraqi cities. The results of the study were also compared with some planning standards or with the standards of the Ministry of Housing and Construction in Iraq, and in terms of The per capita share of the residential use area in the city of Sulaymaniyah amounted to (28 m²) per person in 2022, which indicates the high density of residential use. The Urban Planning Commission in Iraq has set the standard (50 m²) as a share per person of the space allocated for housing, as for the urban situation For the housing unit, which is very important to know the nature and size of the housing problem, it was found in the study area and according to the data of the field study that 24 % of the housing units are unfit for habitation for many reasons, including the lack of potable water, the lack of electricity, the absence of a sewage network, or because of the age of construction or because of the location of the housing unit is not suitable.The study also reached several recommendations, the most important of which is to build a database in statistical centers for information and data related to housing in order to improve the level of housing and also to follow a housing policy in order to provide appropriate housing for families and provide facilities for investors to establish housing projects for people with limited income.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125070891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tawq Al-Hamamah is a book that written by Ibn Hazm on love and for love. It is a literary book that combines poetry and prose, And it contain stories. He often cites a story appropriate to the topic of the door and begins with the word )khabar(, to tell us a story that he lived through himself or transmitted from trustworthy people, and in which he is one of the most responsive to the feelings of others. How did Ibn Hazm choose his characters, and does the cultural heritage have a role in that? How does a person fall in love? Do we fall into it, or do we walk to it with steady steps? What does this have to do with customs and traditions?
{"title":"Incorporation and Marginalization at the Level of Characters in a Book Dove Collar","authors":"Srwa Abdulmajid Mahmud, Isaeel Ibrahim Mustafa","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi1.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi1.211","url":null,"abstract":"Tawq Al-Hamamah is a book that written by Ibn Hazm on love and for love. It is a literary book that combines poetry and prose, And it contain stories. He often cites a story appropriate to the topic of the door and begins with the word )khabar(, to tell us a story that he lived through himself or transmitted from trustworthy people, and in which he is one of the most responsive to the feelings of others. How did Ibn Hazm choose his characters, and does the cultural heritage have a role in that? How does a person fall in love? Do we fall into it, or do we walk to it with steady steps? What does this have to do with customs and traditions?","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"461 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131532602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the researcher tries to find the relationships between social media applications and platforms such as platform technology, applications and smartphone apps, which have facilitated the emergence and played a role in the activation and development of citizen journalism in the Kurdistan Region. The research was conducted through a descriptive method through a survey by distributing ٢٠٠ forms among citizen journalism as the research example. which is filled out through ١4٧ forms, The impact of these technologies is surveyed through several issues, including: the use of smartphone applications, whether the use of applications is considered complementary to the process of producing media content, the relationship between )academic level( and the use of smartphone applications. The data on these issues were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the use of smartphone applications has played a role in activating citizen journalism by achieving )use it a lot( in )%6٠.٥( and the use of these applications has the criterion of )use it a lot( as an indicator of the completion of the media production process )%٨١.٣٣( and )%٢4.٠٥( in the field of )photography and publishing(, and )%١٥.٥١( in the field of )video editing and publishing( in smartphone applications, benefited. As academic level; bachelor’s degree holders scored the highest percentage )%4٣.٨٢(, followed by basic degree holders )%4.٠٨(. and the lowest, which explains that the higher the academic level, the better users can benefit from these applications. The recommendations of this study are to attract the attention of the media to this style of journalism and request the relevant parties to further promote them through courses, training, facilitation and confidence in citizen journalists.
{"title":"The Role of Smartphone Applications in Activating Aitizen Journalism in the Kurdistan Region","authors":"Banaz Rasul Hama Amin, Kawa Abdulraza Muhammad","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi1.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi1.209","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the researcher tries to find the relationships between social media applications and platforms such as platform technology, applications and smartphone apps, which have facilitated the emergence and played a role in the activation and development of citizen journalism in the Kurdistan Region. The research was conducted through a descriptive method through a survey by distributing ٢٠٠ forms among citizen journalism as the research example. which is filled out through ١4٧ forms, The impact of these technologies is surveyed through several issues, including: the use of smartphone applications, whether the use of applications is considered complementary to the process of producing media content, the relationship between )academic level( and the use of smartphone applications. The data on these issues were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the use of smartphone applications has played a role in activating citizen journalism by achieving )use it a lot( in )%6٠.٥( and the use of these applications has the criterion of )use it a lot( as an indicator of the completion of the media production process )%٨١.٣٣( and )%٢4.٠٥( in the field of )photography and publishing(, and )%١٥.٥١( in the field of )video editing and publishing( in smartphone applications, benefited. As academic level; bachelor’s degree holders scored the highest percentage )%4٣.٨٢(, followed by basic degree holders )%4.٠٨(. and the lowest, which explains that the higher the academic level, the better users can benefit from these applications. The recommendations of this study are to attract the attention of the media to this style of journalism and request the relevant parties to further promote them through courses, training, facilitation and confidence in citizen journalists.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124726217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to identify the technical aspects of the content topics in the production of the TV feature for the Kurdish satellite channels. The researchers used the descriptive approach and the content analysis satellite channels )TV features broadcasted on )Rudaw and Kurdistan٢4 )٣٠( method for the contents of and after analyzing the content of the sample, the study ,٢٠٢٢/6/١ till ٢٠٢١/١/١ during the period from reached several results, the most important of which are: The most important topics of the posters presented in the two channels are )real-life story narrator and interviews about types of work(, then )lifestyle(. And )good living(, the results of the analysis showed that the majority of the characters for the topics of the personality that were presented in the two channels were ordinary people, then the artistic personality. The results also showed the different types of TV camera movements in the production of the features and showed that the )cut( effects got the largest ratio between the other transitions, and finally .the results showed that )the angle of view( is the most used among all types of angles Content of feature ,٢4 Key words: Features, Production, Feature Production, Rudaw and Kurdistan .production
本研究旨在确定内容主题的技术方面，在生产的电视功能为库尔德卫星频道。研究人员使用了描述性的方法和内容分析卫星频道(Rudaw)上播出的电视节目(Kurdistan٢4)٣٠(对内容进行分析的方法，并在分析了样本的内容后，进行了这项研究，٢٠٢٢/6/我们——直到٢٠٢١/我们——产生了几个结果，其中最重要的是:在两个频道中呈现的海报最重要的主题是:现实生活中的故事叙述者和关于工作类型的采访(然后是)生活方式的采访(我们)。和)好生活(好生活)，分析结果表明，在两个频道中所呈现的人物性格题材以普通人居多，其次是文艺人格。结果还显示了不同类型的电视摄像机在制作特征时的运动情况，并表明剪切效果在其他过渡中所占的比例最大，最后结果表明，在所有类型的角度中，视角是使用最多的特征内容，٢4关键词:feature, production, feature production, Rudaw and Kurdistan production
{"title":"Technical Aspects of the Focal Topics in the Production of the Television Feature for Kurdish Satellite Channels for Kurdish Satellite Channels","authors":"Karwan Mohamad Hasan, Yohan Othman Hama","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi1.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi1.210","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the technical aspects of the content topics in the production of the TV feature for the Kurdish satellite channels. The researchers used the descriptive approach and the content analysis satellite channels )TV features broadcasted on )Rudaw and Kurdistan٢4 )٣٠( method for the contents of and after analyzing the content of the sample, the study ,٢٠٢٢/6/١ till ٢٠٢١/١/١ during the period from reached several results, the most important of which are: The most important topics of the posters presented in the two channels are )real-life story narrator and interviews about types of work(, then )lifestyle(. And )good living(, the results of the analysis showed that the majority of the characters for the topics of the personality that were presented in the two channels were ordinary people, then the artistic personality. The results also showed the different types of TV camera movements in the production of the features and showed that the )cut( effects got the largest ratio between the other transitions, and finally .the results showed that )the angle of view( is the most used among all types of angles Content of feature ,٢4 Key words: Features, Production, Feature Production, Rudaw and Kurdistan .production","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122249346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：