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From the Politics of Forgetting to the Ethics of Remembering: The Postcolonial Sublime in J. M. Coetzee’s Waiting for the Barbarians 从遗忘的政治到记忆的伦理:库切《等待野蛮人》中的后殖民崇高
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2096759
M. Hanif, Tahereh Rezaei
J. M. Coetzee’s Waiting for the Barbarians explores the possibility and limits of rationalizing and dominating the ‘other’ through an experience of dislocation. This article argues that the experience of topographic and aesthetic dislocation has the power to transform the Magistrate’s ethical standards in relation to the ‘other’. The novel unwinds a space in which to explore the postcolonial sublime, in terms of which the tension between the self and other is concealed yet, in the progress of the narrative, a politics of forgetting gives way to the ethics of remembrance. This article treats aesthetics as a discursive field and the novel as an instance of an allegorical mode. It intends to explain how manipulation of aesthetic norms can become politically interventionist and make the formulation of the postcolonial sublime an ethical obligation.
库切的《等待野蛮人》探讨了通过错位的体验来合理化和支配“他者”的可能性和局限性。本文认为,地形和美学错位的体验有力量改变治安官相对于“他者”的道德标准。小说开辟了一个探索后殖民崇高的空间,在这个空间里,自我与他人之间的张力被掩盖了,但在叙事的过程中,遗忘的政治让位给了记忆的伦理。本文将美学视为一个话语领域,将小说视为一种寓言模式的实例。它试图解释对审美规范的操纵如何成为政治干预主义者,并使后殖民崇高的提法成为一种道德义务。
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引用次数: 0
In the Centre of the Cosmos: Sacred Spacetime in Niyi Osundare’s ‘A Song for Olosunta’ 在宇宙的中心:Niyi Osundare的《A Song for Olosunta》中的神圣时空
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2096753
Chukwunwike Anolue
Abstract Time and nature are two intertwined concepts. They are so inseparable that there is a temporal index to every spatial event and vice versa. Nothing happens in a space except at a time; neither does anything happen at a time except in a space. For the Nigerian poet, Niyi Osundare, time and space occupy a prominent place in his oeuvre, but critics tend to privilege one and ignore the other in their analyses of his poetry. Osundare also frequently poetizes animist deities of Ikere-Ekiti, the town in Southwest Nigeria where he was born and raised. He uses his poetry as a medium to worship the deities. This paper is a study of time and nature in relation to an animist god of Ikere-Ekiti. It fuses ecocriticism and temporal analysis to shed light on ‘A Song for Olosunta,’ a panegyric which evokes an annual festival in honour of Olosunta, a lithic god worshipped by Osundare and his fellow Ikere-Ekiti animists. Against the background of the annual festival inscribed in the poem, I examine the god as an ecological and temporal icon, highlighting the differences between his shrine and its surroundings; and between his timescape and the timescape outside the shrine.
时间和自然是两个相互交织的概念。它们是如此不可分割,以至于每个空间事件都有一个时间索引,反之亦然。在一个空间里,除了某个时间,什么都不会发生;除了在一个空间里,任何事情都不会在一个时间发生。对于尼日利亚诗人尼伊·奥森达雷来说,时间和空间在他的作品中占据着突出的位置,但评论家在分析他的诗歌时往往会优先考虑其中一个,而忽略另一个。Osundare还经常将他出生和长大的尼日利亚西南部小镇Ikere Ekiti的万物有灵论神灵诗意化。他用诗歌作为崇拜神灵的媒介。本文研究了时间和自然与一位万物有灵论的伊凯雷·埃基提神的关系。它融合了生态批评和时间分析,为《献给奥洛桑塔的歌》(A Song for Olosunta)提供了线索,这首歌是一首赞美诗,唤起了一年一度的节日,以纪念奥伦代尔和他的Ikere Ekiti万物有灵论者所崇拜的石器时代的神奥洛桑塔。在诗中所刻的一年一度的节日背景下,我将神视为一个生态和时间的象征,强调了他的神殿与其周围环境之间的差异;以及在他的时代景观和神殿外的时代景观之间。
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引用次数: 0
Imprints of Indigenes and the Optics of Settlement: A Bifocal Reading of Summer on the Lakes and A Millimetre of Dust 靛蓝的印记和定居的光学:对湖泊和一毫米尘埃上的夏天的双焦点解读
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2096749
C. Theron
Abstract This article is a comparative reading of Margaret Fuller’s Summer on the Lakes, in 1843 (1844) and Julia Martin’s A Millimetre of Dust: Visiting Ancestral Sites (2008), travelogues that explore erstwhile frontier zones in view of a changing social landscape inflected with the rhetoric of democracy. The comparison is based on the thematic parallels between literature from the American Renaissance and post-apartheid South Africa in which the landscape is portrayed in metonymic relation to the nation. Drawing on the field of world literature and the notion that texts might undergo transformation in the way they are interpreted due to their movement across space and time, the article employs a ‘bifocal’ lens that produces a contrapuntal engagement between mid-nineteenth century America and post-apartheid South Africa.
摘要本文是对玛格丽特·富勒(Margaret Fuller)1843年(1844年)的《湖上的夏天》(Summer on the Lakes)和朱莉娅·马丁(Julia Martin。这种比较是基于美国文艺复兴时期和种族隔离后的南非文学之间的主题相似性,在这些文学中,风景被描绘成与国家的转喻关系。这篇文章借鉴了世界文学领域的观点,以及文本由于在空间和时间上的移动而可能在解读方式上发生变化的观点,采用了一种“双焦点”的视角,在19世纪中期的美国和种族隔离后的南非之间产生了一种对位的接触。
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引用次数: 1
Black Hamlet: A Script in Search of a Stage 黑色哈姆雷特:寻找舞台的剧本
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2096760
L. Wright
Abstract This article sets out the South African background to a previously unknown play by John Bright, the Hollywood scriptwriter, based on Wulf Sachs’s famous psycho-documentary Black Hamlet (1937) and written in conversation with him. The playscript appears as an Appendix to this number of English Studies in Africa. The aim is to provide pertinent information to enable international readers and theatre practitioners to assess the script’s historical value and theatrical potential. The article concentrates on the sociological and anthropological moment from which Wulf Sachs’s work emerged and its relevance for understanding the playscript John Bright wrote. Further literary-historical detail about the play’s discovery, focused mainly on America, is available in Wright (2021).
摘要本文根据伍尔夫·萨克斯(Wulf Sachs)的著名心理纪录片《黑色哈姆雷特》(Black Hamlet)(1937年)改编,并与他对话,讲述了好莱坞编剧约翰·布莱特(John Bright)一部不为人知的戏剧的南非背景。剧本作为《非洲英语研究》的附录出现。目的是提供相关信息,使国际读者和戏剧从业者能够评估剧本的历史价值和戏剧潜力。这篇文章集中讨论了伍尔夫·萨克斯的作品产生的社会学和人类学时刻,以及它与理解约翰·布莱特所写剧本的相关性。Wright(2021)提供了更多关于该剧发现的文学历史细节,主要集中在美国。
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引用次数: 0
Notes on Contributors 投稿人说明
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2059931
(2022). Notes on Contributors. English Studies in Africa: Vol. 65, A Century of Modernism in South African Literature and Literary Culture. Guest Editor: Rick de Villiers, pp. 87-88.
(2022)。关于贡献者的说明。非洲英语研究:第65卷,一个世纪的现代主义在南非文学和文学文化。客座编辑:Rick de Villiers,第87-88页。
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引用次数: 0
‘Too Uncompromising a Figure to be So Disposed of’: Virginia Woolf and/on Olive Schreiner 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫和奥利弗·施莱纳:“一个不妥协的人物,不能这样处理”
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2055855
J. M. Ong
In her 1925 review of an edited collection of Olive Schreiner’s letters, Virginia Woolf described Schreiner as ‘too uncompromising a figure to be so disposed of’. Prompted by this intriguing comment, this article brings Woolf’s late-1920s writings into conversation with Schreiner’s novels and letters in order to trace personal and textual connections between the two authors. Comparative analysis of Schreiner’s The Story of an African Farm (1883) and Woolf’s To the Lighthouse (1927) and Orlando (1928) reveals similarities and confluences in their novelistic structures, experimental temporalities, allegorical representations, use of natural imagery, and in the central and unifying linear motifs that are used to hold together the novel forms. Additional modernist aesthetic and political links are provided by depictions of sex- and gender-crossing characters in Orlando, The Story of an African Farm and Schreiner’s From Man to Man (1926), as well as by the feminist arguments and role of ‘Shakespeare’s sister’ in From Man to Man and Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own (1929). The article concludes by arguing that ‘Woolf and/on Schreiner’ provides evidence towards a claim for South Africa as a pioneering site of modernist innovation, and thereby contributes to new understandings of the development of global modernisms.
1925年,弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫在评论奥利弗·施莱纳的书信集时,把施莱纳描述为“一个太不妥协的人物,不能这样处理”。在这个有趣的评论的启发下,这篇文章将伍尔夫20世纪20年代末的作品与施莱纳的小说和信件进行了对话,以追踪两位作者之间的个人和文本联系。对施莱纳的《非洲农场的故事》(1883)和伍尔夫的《到灯塔去》(1927)以及《奥兰多》(1928)的比较分析揭示了他们在小说结构、实验性时间性、寓言表现、自然意象的使用以及用于将小说形式结合在一起的中心和统一的线性母题方面的相似性和汇合。在《奥兰多》、《非洲农场的故事》和施莱纳的《从人到人》(1926)中,对跨性别和跨性别人物的描写,以及《从人到人》和伍尔夫的《一间自己的房间》(1929)中女权主义的争论和“莎士比亚的妹妹”的角色,提供了更多的现代主义美学和政治联系。文章最后认为,“伍尔夫和/关于施莱纳”为南非作为现代主义创新的先驱提供了证据,从而有助于对全球现代主义发展的新理解。
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引用次数: 0
Paying Homage to Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway: Revision and Reversion in Fiona Melrose’s Johannesburg 向弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《达洛维夫人》致敬:菲奥娜·梅尔罗斯的《约翰内斯堡》中的修正与回归
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2055856
S. Kostelac
This article examines Fiona Melrose’s Johannesburg (2017), a novel which pays homage to Virginia Woolf’s canonical work of literary modernism, Mrs Dalloway (1925). Yet the Johannesburg of Melrose’s novel is devoid of the transforming cosmopolitanism that characterizes Woolf’s London and which allows for new social relations to be imagined across historically entrenched boundaries. While the implicit comparison between Woolf’s post-war London and post-apartheid Johannesburg finds the latter considerably wanting, Melrose’s novel also reminds us of the limits of Woolf’s fictional imagination, which are, perhaps, most overtly marked by her representation of the servant class. I argue that Johannesburg engages, at one level, in an act of extended literary redress by privileging the perspectives of domestic workers in Johannesburg who continue, after apartheid, to labour in homes and for families that are not their own. At the same time, however, the novel maintains its appeal to a ‘postimperial’ metropolitan gaze by adopting white characters unable to extract themselves from a range of reactive phobias about Johannesburg. The novel, I conclude, thus finds itself caught between the contradictory impulses of revision and reversion; between redressing the representational conventions which entrench historical inequalities and regressing into the tropes which perpetuate our difference and separation.
本文考察了菲奥娜·梅尔罗斯的《约翰内斯堡》(2017),这部小说向弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的经典文学现代主义作品《达洛维夫人》(1925)致敬。然而,梅尔罗斯小说中的约翰内斯堡缺乏伍尔夫笔下的伦敦所特有的那种不断变化的世界主义,这种世界主义允许人们在历史上根深蒂固的界限之外想象新的社会关系。虽然将伍尔夫战后的伦敦与后种族隔离时代的约翰内斯堡进行含蓄的比较,发现后者相当欠缺,但梅尔罗斯的小说也提醒我们,伍尔夫虚构想象力的局限性,也许最明显的标志是她对仆人阶级的描绘。我认为,在某种程度上,约翰内斯堡通过赋予约翰内斯堡家政工人的观点以特权,参与了一种扩展的文学补救行为。在种族隔离之后,这些家政工人继续在家中或为非自己的家庭劳动。然而,与此同时,小说通过采用无法摆脱对约翰内斯堡的一系列反应性恐惧症的白人角色,保持了对“后时代”大都市目光的吸引力。因此,我总结说,小说发现自己陷入了修正与回归的矛盾冲动之中;在纠正巩固历史不平等的代表性惯例和回归到使我们的差异和分离永久化的比喻之间。
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引用次数: 0
Millenarian Modernism in H. I. E. Dhlomo’s The Girl who Killed to Save h·i·e·迪洛莫《为拯救而杀戮的女孩》中的千禧年现代主义
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2055853
Arthur Rose
Abstract This essay takes as its starting point the final scene of H. I. E. Dhlomo’s The Girl who Killed to Save (1935). Ostensibly an account of ‘Nongqause the Liberator,’ the prophet behind the Cattle Killing of 1856–1857, Dhlomo’s play presents ‘not merely a work of historical recovery or a reflection of increasing segregation but also an engagement with the full range of nationalist imaginings at work in the New African era’ (Wenzel 83). In this regard, it is pertinent to recall that a more immediate precursor for the millenarianism presented in the play was the arrest of Nontetha Nkwekwe in 1922 and her death in the same year of its publication. Like Nongqause, Nkwenkwe was a millennialist prophet. Responding to the Spanish Influenza, Nkwekwe’s prophecies eventually provoked the South African authorities to incarcerate and then institutionalize her. Given the increased attention on the influenza as a shaping influence on the modernism of 1922 and after, this essay figures Dhlomo with an expanded global modernism that engages more explicitly with its millenarian correspondents.
本文以H.I.E.Dhlomo的《为拯救而杀人的女孩》(1935)的最后一幕为切入点。Dhlomo的剧本表面上是对1856-1857年杀牛事件背后的先知“解放者农加兹”的描述,“不仅是一部历史复兴的作品或对日益严重的种族隔离的反映,而且是对新非洲时代各种民族主义想象的参与”(Wenzel 83)。在这方面,值得一提的是,剧中呈现的千禧主义的一个更直接的前兆是1922年Nontetha Nkwekwe被捕,并于该剧出版的同年去世。和农古斯一样,恩昆克韦也是千禧一代的先知。为了应对西班牙流感,Nkwekwe的预言最终促使南非当局将她监禁,然后将其制度化。鉴于人们越来越关注流感,认为它对1922年及以后的现代主义产生了影响,本文将德罗莫描绘成一个扩展的全球现代主义,更明确地与千禧年的通讯员接触。
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引用次数: 0
Criteria of Embarrassment: J.M. Coetzee’s ‘Jesus Trilogy’ and the Legacy of Modernist Difficulty 尴尬的标准:库切的“耶稣三部曲”与现代主义困境的遗产
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2055859
Rick de Villiers
This article takes as its starting point the divergent responses that J.M. Coetzee’s Jesus trilogy (The Childhood of Jesus [2013], The Schooldays of Jesus [2016] and The Death of Jesus [2019]) has drawn from reviewers and scholars respectively. Where reviewers have generally regarded these works’ difficulty as obstructive, scholars have taken their difficulty as both the justification and catalyst for sustained engagement. This divergence is explained, in part, as a consequence of the literacies developed by and in response to modernism – literacies which regarded difficulty as both the signature of the worthwhile artwork and as the criterion which justifies the special attention of specialized readers. If one aim of this article is to situate Coetzee and Coetzee studies within this tradition, a second aim is to ask whether the forms of attention garnered by his late trilogy are less an index of intrinsic challenges than of Coetzee’s reputation as a challenging writer. To do so is to worry the overready ascription of ‘Coetzeean’ difficulty – along with the modes of reading it tends to enlist – in order to reposition bewilderment, embarrassment and other ugly aesthetic-affects as generative for criticism.
本文以J·M·库切的《耶稣的童年》〔2013〕、《耶稣的学生时代》〔2016〕和《耶稣之死》〔2019〕三部作品分别从评论家和学者那里得到的不同回应为出发点。当评论家们普遍认为这些作品的困难是阻碍性的时,学者们则将它们的困难视为持续参与的理由和催化剂。这种差异在一定程度上被解释为现代主义发展起来的文学作品的结果,现代主义文学作品将困难视为有价值的艺术品的标志,也将其视为专业读者需要特别关注的标准。如果这篇文章的一个目的是将库切和库切的研究置于这一传统中,那么第二个目的是问,他晚期三部曲所获得的关注形式是否与其说是内在挑战的指标,不如说是库切作为一个富有挑战性的作家的声誉的指标。这样做是为了担心对“库切式”困难的过度归因——以及它倾向于采用的阅读模式——以便将困惑、尴尬和其他丑陋的美学影响重新定位为可产生批评的因素。
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引用次数: 2
Near Symmetries: The Transnational Modernism of Edward Wolfe and William Plomer 近乎对称:爱德华·沃尔夫和威廉·普洛默的跨国现代主义
IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00138398.2022.2055854
Michelle Adler
Focusing on the transnational lives of William Plomer (1903–1973) and the artist Edward Wolfe (1897–1982), this paper considers the formative influences of their South African heritage on their creative development, as well as the impact of European modernism on their work. In particular, a connection is made between Wolfe’s immersion in modernism and the Bloomsbury Group, and his subsequent influence on the writing of Plomer’s controversial novel, Turbott Wolfe (1926), including its suppressed homoerotic elements. Finally, the paper argues that Turbott Wolfe is shaped both by Plomer’s liminal position within South Africa’s segregationist colonial culture, as well as by his exposure to a metropolitan modernity marked by waning confidence in the teleology of empire.
着眼于威廉·普洛默(1903-1973)和艺术家爱德华·沃尔夫(1897-1982)的跨国生活,本文考虑了他们的南非遗产对他们的创作发展的形成影响,以及欧洲现代主义对他们工作的影响。特别是,沃尔夫沉浸在现代主义和布卢姆斯伯里派之间的联系,以及他后来对普洛默有争议的小说《特伯特·沃尔夫》(Turbott Wolfe, 1926)写作的影响,包括其中被压抑的同性恋元素。最后,本文认为特伯特·沃尔夫是由普洛默在南非种族隔离主义殖民文化中的有限地位,以及他对以帝国目的论信心减弱为标志的大都市现代性的暴露所塑造的。
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引用次数: 0
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ENGLISH STUDIES IN AFRICA
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