Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical最新文献_第6页

A local symmetric pattern-based actuation algorithm (L-SPAA) for contact charge electrophoresis-based digital microfluidic systems 基于局部对称模式的接触电荷电泳数字微流控系统驱动算法（L-SPAA）

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139618

Seo Jun Bae, Seon Jun Lee, Do Jin Im

To address the challenges of traditional electrode polarity control algorithms and to propose a standardized framework for droplet manipulation in contact charge electrophoresis-based digital microfluidic systems that has not been previously established, to the best of our knowledge, we developed a local symmetric pattern-based electrode polarity control algorithm founded on a generalized, streamlined, and efficient control framework. This algorithm employs an initial electrode polarity arrangement in which positive and negative polarities alternate across the array. A simple modification of this initial state generates a unique configuration that consistently maintains a centrally focused and symmetrically aligned polarity arrangement, enabling direction- and path-independent manipulation of droplets. By generalizing this unique configuration, the developed algorithm significantly improves the efficiency and reliability of droplet manipulation by reducing the complexity associated with the numerous polarity assignment cases inherent to traditional algorithms. In addition, to achieve generalized manipulation of multiple droplets, an actuation strategy based on assigning priorities to individual droplets was introduced. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated multi-droplet coalescence using the developed algorithm, and performed quantitative performance comparisons with existing algorithms to verify its usefulness and practical applicability. Finally, the generalization of droplet manipulation enabled by the developed algorithm is expected to expand the applicability of contact charge electrophoresis technology across a wide range of research fields.

为了解决传统电极极性控制算法的挑战，并为基于接触电荷电泳的数字微流体系统中的液滴操作提出一个标准化框架，据我们所知，我们开发了一个基于局部对称模式的电极极性控制算法，该算法建立在一个通用的、流线型的、高效的控制框架之上。该算法采用初始电极极性排列，其中正极性和负极性在阵列上交替。对这种初始状态进行简单的修改，就会产生一种独特的结构，这种结构始终保持着中心聚焦和对称排列的极性排列，从而使液滴的操作与方向和路径无关。通过推广这种独特的配置，开发的算法显著提高了液滴操作的效率和可靠性，降低了传统算法固有的大量极性分配案例的复杂性。此外，为了实现对多液滴的广义操纵，提出了一种基于单个液滴优先级分配的驱动策略。此外，我们利用所开发的算法成功地演示了多液滴聚结，并与现有算法进行了定量性能比较，以验证其实用性和实用性。最后，通过所开发的算法实现的液滴操作的泛化有望扩大接触电荷电泳技术在广泛研究领域的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Systematic optimization of aptamer self-assembly on graphene transistor gates for rapid detection of chloramphenicol residues in milk 用于牛奶中氯霉素残留快速检测的石墨烯晶体管门适体自组装系统优化

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139574

Songjia Luo , Xianzhi Dou , Lu Wang , Lei Zheng

Chloramphenicol (CAP) residues in milk pose severe health risks, yet current detection methods (e.g., chromatography-mass spectrometry) suffer from complexity and high costs. In this work, we address this gap by developing an ultrasensitive aptamer-gated graphene Field-effect biosensor. A self-assembled Aptamer-functionalized solution-gated graphene transistor (Apt-SGGT) was engineered via systematic optimization of aptamer surface density to overcome spatial-confinement limitations and enhance conformational switching efficiency. We applied the Apt-SGGT biosensor to the analytical determination of CAP in actual skim milk samples, achieving a detection limit as low as 21.5 pM with a spiked recovery rate of 97.65 % ± 5.72 %. This study not only presents a promising platform for the rapid, on-site detection of antibiotic residues in complex food matrices but also provides a generalizable interfacial engineering strategy to enhance the performance of aptamer-based field-effect biosensors.

牛奶中的氯霉素（CAP）残留会造成严重的健康风险，但目前的检测方法（如色谱-质谱法）存在复杂性和高成本的问题。在这项工作中，我们通过开发一种超灵敏的适配体门控石墨烯场效应生物传感器来解决这一差距。通过对适体表面密度的系统优化，设计了一种自组装的适体功能化溶液门控石墨烯晶体管（Apt-SGGT），克服了空间限制，提高了构象开关效率。我们将Apt-SGGT生物传感器应用于实际脱脂牛奶样品中CAP的分析测定，检测限低至21.5 pM，加标回收率为97.65 %±5.72 %。该研究不仅为复杂食品基质中抗生素残留的快速现场检测提供了一个有前景的平台，而且为提高基于适配体的场效应生物传感器的性能提供了一种通用的界面工程策略。

引用次数: 0

Sensitive label-free SERS detection of cTnI enabled by epitope molecularly imprinted polymer based on host-guest interaction of cyclodextrin and ferrocene 基于环糊精和二茂铁主客体相互作用的表位分子印迹聚合物实现了cTnI的灵敏无标记SERS检测

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139601

Yitong Xu , Yaming Zhao , Qiong Jia

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a key disease biomarker for acute myocardial infarction; therefore, it is crucial to selectively enrich cTnI in complex samples and accurately detect it. Molecularly imprinted polymers combined with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (MIP-SERS) hold promise for applications in protein detection. However, the technology often suffers from low imprinting efficiency and detection complexity. Herein, we developed an epitope-oriented MIP based on host-guest interaction (hg-EMIP) between β-cyclodextrin and ferrocene, as well as constructed a novel hg-EMIP-label-free SERS assay. The template immobilization was achieved through host-guest recognition, followed by imprinted layer synthesis using multiple functional monomers. The resulting hg-EMIP exhibits high specificity toward cTnI, with superior imprinting factor and reusability. The developed hg-EMIP-label-free SERS assay enables sensitive and rapid detection of cTnI without extrinsic nanotags, possesses a wide linear range (10⁻³-10³ ng/mL), and can be successfully used for the detection of cTnI in human serum samples. hg-EMIP is promising for the isolation of targets, and label-free SERS assay based on hg-EMIP is highly potential in the area of disease biomarker detection.

心肌肌钙蛋白I （cTnI）是急性心肌梗死的关键疾病生物标志物；因此，在复杂样品中选择性富集cTnI并进行准确检测至关重要。分子印迹聚合物结合表面增强拉曼散射（MIP-SERS）在蛋白质检测中的应用前景广阔。然而，该技术往往存在印迹效率低、检测复杂等问题。在此，我们基于β-环糊精和二茂铁之间的主客体相互作用（hg-EMIP）开发了一种面向表位的MIP，并构建了一种新的无标记的hg-EMIP SERS检测方法。模板固定化是通过主客体识别实现的，然后使用多个功能单体进行印迹层合成。所得的hg-EMIP对cTnI具有高特异性，具有优越的印迹因子和可重复使用性。所开发的无hg- emip标记的SERS检测方法可以灵敏、快速地检测cTnI，不需要外部纳米标签，具有宽的线性范围（10−3-103 ng/mL），可以成功地用于检测人血清样品中的cTnI。hg-EMIP在分离靶点方面具有广阔的前景，基于hg-EMIP的无标记SERS分析在疾病生物标志物检测领域具有很大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Quartz-enhanced laser spectroscopy based on grooved quartz tuning forks: Design, optimization, and characterization 基于沟槽石英音叉的石英增强激光光谱学：设计，优化和表征

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139581

Runqiu Wang , Ying He , Shunda Qiao , Chu Zhang , Haiyue Sun , Jinxing Liang , Yufei Ma

Quartz-enhanced laser spectroscopy, including quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES), has become a research focus in the trace gas sensing field. This study developed a systematic approach for designing, optimizing, and characterizing grooved quartz tuning forks (QTFs) for quartz-enhanced laser spectroscopy. We combined theoretical modeling, finite element simulation, and experimental investigation to develop a comprehensive method for designing high-performance grooved QTFs by controlling the groove dimensions, including its depth, width, and shape. Experimental investigations revealed that rectangular grooves with a depth of 22 μm and a width of 1237.5 μm produced the strongest signals in both QEPAS and LITES systems, achieving SNR improvements of 1.45 times and 1.75 times, respectively, compared to conventional ungrooved QTFs. For isosceles-trapezoidal grooves, the positive isosceles-trapezoidal (PI) configuration consistently surpassed the inverted isosceles-trapezoidal (II) design across all tested depths. The 44 μm-deep PI grooved QTF demonstrated particularly notable performance, exhibiting the SNR value 1.71 times higher than the ungrooved QTF and 1.18 times greater than the II grooved QTF at the same depth. The 44 μm-deep PI grooved QTFs enabled detection limits of 0.56 ppm in QEPAS and 0.15 ppm in LITES systems for methane sensing. These experimental observations aligned well with theoretical predictions, confirming that groove geometry determines QTF behavior by modulating the balance between effective stiffness and mass.

石英增强激光光谱，包括石英增强光声光谱（QEPAS）和光致热弹性光谱（LITES），已成为痕量气体传感领域的研究热点。本研究开发了一种用于石英增强激光光谱的沟槽石英音叉（QTFs）的系统设计、优化和表征方法。本文将理论建模、有限元仿真和实验研究相结合，通过控制槽形尺寸，包括槽形深度、宽度和形状，建立了高性能槽形qtf的综合设计方法。实验结果表明，深度为22 μm、宽度为1237.5 μm的矩形沟槽在QEPAS和LITES系统中产生的信号最强，信噪比分别比传统的无沟槽qtf提高了1.45倍和1.75倍。对于等腰-梯形沟槽，在所有测试深度中，正等腰-梯形（PI）结构始终优于倒等腰-梯形（II）设计。在44 μm深的PI沟槽QTF中，SNR值比未沟槽QTF高1.71倍，比II沟槽QTF高1.18倍。44 μm深的PI凹槽qtf在QEPAS系统中检测限为0.56 ppm，在LITES系统中检测限为0.15 ppm。这些实验观察结果与理论预测相吻合，证实了凹槽几何形状通过调节有效刚度和质量之间的平衡来决定QTF的行为。

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引用次数: 0

Super-Nernstian graphene ion-sensitive field-effect transistor for Nickel(II) detection 用于镍（II）检测的超能斯坦石墨烯离子敏感场效应晶体管

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139588

Yingming Xu, Peng Zhou, Tianhong Cui

We report a graphene ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (G-ISFET) integrated with a nickel-selective ion-selective membrane (ISM). This device enables ultrasensitive detection of Ni²⁺ in water and reveals an unprecedented super-Nernstian response. Two distinct sensitivity regions are observed, with a Nernstian slope of −30.7 mV/decade from 0.1 ppt to 10 ppb and a detection limit of 0.1 ppt, and a super-Nernstian slope of −232 mV/decade from 10 ppb to 10 ppm with a detection limit of 10 ppb. The lower-range response arises from reversible Ni²⁺ binding at the membrane-analyte interface, whereas the upper-range response originates from irreversible complexation, producing a persistent positive surface charge and uncompensated potential shift. Successive calibrations, Dirac-point drift, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm these binding kinetics, showing reversible interactions below 10 ppb and irreversible trapping above this threshold. The device also discriminates Ni²⁺ against sixteen common ions, demonstrating strong selectivity. This sensor achieves record-high sensitivity for Ni²⁺ detection, establishing a compact platform for real-time monitoring of toxic metals in environmental systems.

我们报道了一种集成了镍选择性离子选择膜（ISM）的石墨烯离子敏感场效应晶体管（G-ISFET）。该装置能够超灵敏地检测水中的Ni 2 +，并显示出前所未有的超纳恩斯蒂反应。观察到两个不同的灵敏度区域，从0.1 ppt到10 ppb的纳恩斯蒂斜率为- 30.7 mV/ 10年，检测限为0.1 ppt，超级纳恩斯蒂斜率为- 232 mV/ 10年，从10 ppb到10 ppm，检测限为10 ppb。低范围的响应来自于Ni 2 +在膜-分析物界面的可逆结合，而高范围的响应来自于不可逆的络合，产生持续的表面正电荷和未补偿的电位位移。连续校准、狄拉克点漂移和x射线光电子能谱证实了这些结合动力学，显示出低于10 ppb的可逆相互作用和高于该阈值的不可逆捕获。该装置还能区分Ni 2 +和16种常见离子，表现出很强的选择性。该传感器实现了创纪录的Ni 2 +检测灵敏度，为环境系统中有毒金属的实时监测建立了一个紧凑的平台。

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引用次数: 0

Harmonic model-based feature representation for temperature-modulated electronic noses 基于谐波模型的温度调制电子鼻特征表示

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139566

Lihua Guo , Zhongxin Bai , Mou Wang , Zhengqiao Zhao , Jingdong Chen , Jacob Benesty

Electronic noses that employ periodic temperature-modulated metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors typically extract features for odor detection and identification in the transformed domain, using either the fast Fourier transform (FFT) or the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). However, these conventional methods exhibit limitations in effectively discerning between various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To address this issue, a novel harmonic model-based feature extraction technique is proposed to enhance odor detection and identification through the exploitation of previously overlooked phase information combined with a phase unwrapping method. To assess the efficacy of our proposed approach, we collect two extensive datasets¹ comprising four distinct types of MOS gas sensors and six different VOCs with varying concentrations, utilizing our recently developed gas-sensing platform. Subsequently, a comparative analysis is conducted between our proposed features and other commonly employed ones using these datasets. The experimental results unequivocally showcase the superior performance of the proposed feature extraction method and demonstrate its promising potential for integration into versatile electronic nose systems, augmenting their capacity to detect and identify multiple VOCs across different concentration levels.

采用周期性温度调制金属氧化物半导体（MOS）气体传感器的电子鼻通常使用快速傅里叶变换（FFT）或离散小波变换（DWT）在变换域中提取用于气味检测和识别的特征。然而，这些传统方法在有效识别各种挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）方面表现出局限性。为了解决这个问题，提出了一种新的基于谐波模型的特征提取技术，通过利用以前被忽视的相位信息结合相位展开方法来增强气味的检测和识别。为了评估我们提出的方法的有效性，我们利用我们最近开发的气体传感平台收集了两个广泛的数据集1，其中包括四种不同类型的MOS气体传感器和六种不同浓度的不同VOCs。随后，将我们提出的特征与使用这些数据集的其他常用特征进行比较分析。实验结果明确地展示了所提出的特征提取方法的优越性能，并展示了其集成到多功能电子鼻系统中的潜力，增强了其检测和识别不同浓度水平的多种挥发性有机化合物的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Locked nucleic acid-modified parallel entropy-driven circuits integrated with high-performance liquid chromatography for sensitive, automated, and multiplexed detection of breast cancer-related microRNAs 锁定核酸修饰的并行熵驱动电路与高效液相色谱集成，用于乳腺癌相关微rna的敏感，自动化和多路检测

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139545

Jie Luo , Ganjun Cen , Huiling Zhou , Chuyan Zhang , Linyao Wang , Liqian Su , Wanjiang Gu , Hongzhi Pan , Yongxin Li

The construction of a simple, sensitive and automated platform for multiplex analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) is of vital importance for the early diagnosis of diseases. Herein, we report a novel biosensing strategy by integrating parallel locked nucleic acid-modified entropy-driven circuits (LNA-EDCs) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for ultra-sensitive and highly specific detection of four breast cancer-related miRNAs (miR-21, miR-155, miR-10b and let-7a). In this design, each LNA-EDC module specifically responds to its target via a toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction and releases a distinct FAM-labeled DNA probe (R strand). The modification of LNA at the termini of protecting strands (P strand) effectively suppresses background leakage and markedly improves signal-to-noise ratio. Meanwhile, the released R strands exhibit unique retention behavior on HPLC, enabling simultaneous and precise signal readout of multiple targets. Under the optimized conditions, the platform achieves excellent linearity (R² > 0.99) and the ultra-low limits of detection with 365–500 fM. This work integrates the advantages of enzyme-free isothermal amplification, one-pot analysis, high-efficiency separation, automation, and multiplex detection, offering a new strategy for the efficient analysis of multiple miRNAs.

构建一个简单、灵敏、自动化的microRNAs （miRNAs）多重分析平台对于癌症的早期诊断具有重要意义。在此，我们报告了一种强大的生物传感策略，通过将平行锁定的核酸修饰的熵驱动电路（LNA-EDCs）与高效液相色谱（HPLC）相结合，用于超灵敏和高特异性检测四种乳腺癌相关的mirna （miR-21, miR-155， miR-10b和let-7a）。在这种设计中，每个LNA-EDC模块通过脚位介导的链位移反应特异性地响应其靶标，并释放一个独特的fam标记的DNA探针（R链）。在保护链末端（P链）对LNA进行修饰，有效抑制了背景泄漏，显著提高了信噪比。同时，释放的R链在HPLC上表现出独特的保留行为，可以同时准确地读出多个靶点的信号。在优化条件下，该平台具有良好的线性度（R²> 0.99）和365 ~ 500 fM的超低检出限。本工作综合了无酶等温扩增、一锅分析、高效分离、自动化、多重检测等优点，为多种mirna的高效分析提供了一种新的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning-assisted electrochemical SERS for sensitive detection of multiple urinary proteins 机器学习辅助电化学SERS对多种尿蛋白的灵敏检测

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139606

Nageen Shoukat , Jin-hyeok Jeon , ChaeWon Mun , Ji Young Lee , Soo Hyun Lee , Jun-Yeong Yang , Dong-Ho Kim , Min-Young Lee , Seunghun Lee , Sung-Gyu Park

In this study, we report the development and application of a plasmonic nanostructure-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, integrated with electrochemical deposition and a convolutional neural network (CNN), for the sensitive and precise detection and quantification of kidney disease biomarkers in urine. A gold nanodimple (AuND) substrate was subjected to electrochemical deposition to produce a highly reproducible and sensitive SERS substrate for protein analysis. Evaluation of the performance of the platform through reproducibility tests and quantitative analysis of Cytochrome C protein demonstrated that it has a high sensitivity and a low detection limit of 8.2 pg/mL. The system was then applied to multiplexed analysis of three kidney disease-related proteins: albumin, transferrin (TrF), and immunoglobulin G (IgG). A combination of ANOVA-based feature selection and CNN classification models achieved high accuracy, with classification accuracies of 93.8 % for albumin, 96.8 % for TrF, and 96.8 % for IgG. Subsequently, CNN-based regression models were utilized to quantify protein concentrations in urine samples, demonstrating robust performance with R² values of 0.9321 for albumin, 0.9848 for TrF, and 0.9957 for IgG. The method also exhibited excellent diagnostic feasibility, successfully detecting and quantifying target proteins in a urine matrix. The proposed platform thus offers a highly sensitive, reliable and non-invasive approach for early diagnosis of kidney diseases.

在这项研究中，我们报道了一种基于等离子体纳米结构的表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）平台的开发和应用，该平台集成了电化学沉积和卷积神经网络（CNN），用于敏感和精确地检测和定量尿液中的肾脏疾病生物标志物。采用电化学沉积方法制备了一种高重复性、高灵敏度的SERS底物，用于蛋白质分析。通过重复性试验和细胞色素C蛋白定量分析对该平台的性能进行评价，结果表明该平台灵敏度高，检出限低，为8.2 pg/mL。然后将该系统应用于三种肾脏疾病相关蛋白的多重分析：白蛋白、转铁蛋白（TrF）和免疫球蛋白G （IgG）。基于方差分析的特征选择与CNN分类模型的结合取得了较高的准确率，白蛋白的分类准确率为93.8%，TrF的分类准确率为96.8%，IgG的分类准确率为96.8%。随后，利用基于cnn的回归模型定量尿液样本中的蛋白质浓度，结果显示，白蛋白的R2值为0.9321，TrF的R2值为0.9848，IgG的R2值为0.9957。该方法还表现出良好的诊断可行性，成功地检测和定量尿基质中的靶蛋白。因此，该平台为肾脏疾病的早期诊断提供了一种高度敏感、可靠和非侵入性的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced performance in near infrared spectroscopy detection of wheat mycotoxins via microfluidic sorting based on solubility differences 基于溶解度差异的微流控分选法提高近红外光谱检测小麦霉菌毒素的性能

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139582

Jingwen Zhu , Enze Tian , Qiaoying Zhou , Mingji Wei , Wenhao Hui , Dongyang Li , Hui Jiang

As a direct and effective method for non-destructive detection of fungal toxins in grains, near-infrared spectroscopy has great significance in ensuring grain safety by improving its reliability. This study innovatively proposes a "physical optimization" approach by designing a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic sorting chip based on solubility differences, which serves as a pre-processing unit for near-infrared spectroscopy. By efficiently enriching target analytes, the chip directly purifies the spectral signal at the source. Compared to "soft processing" optimization methods represented by mathematically-based feature selection models, this method demonstrates significant improvements in detection stability, accuracy, universality (with R-Square values of the prediction sets for four fungal toxins all exceeding 0.90), and interpretability. Additionally, the cost per chip does not exceed US$1.25. Therefore, the proposed method holds significant potential as a standardized pretreatment protocol for non-destructive grain analysis, while also laying the groundwork for developing real-time, online monitoring biosensors for grain mycotoxins.

近红外光谱作为一种直接有效的谷物中真菌毒素无损检测方法，提高其可靠性，对保障粮食安全具有重要意义。本研究创新性地提出了一种“物理优化”方法，设计了一种基于溶解度差异的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）微流控分选芯片，作为近红外光谱的预处理单元。通过有效富集目标分析物，芯片直接在源处净化光谱信号。与以数学特征选择模型为代表的“软处理”优化方法相比，该方法在检测稳定性、准确性、通用性（4种真菌毒素预测集的r平方值均超过0.90）和可解释性方面均有显著提高。此外，每个芯片的成本不超过1.25美元。因此，所提出的方法具有作为非破坏性谷物分析的标准化预处理方案的巨大潜力，同时也为开发谷物真菌毒素实时在线监测生物传感器奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

CNT@PEI-TRP-based sensing platform: Tracking nanoscale DNA length variations CNT@PEI-TRP-Based传感平台：跟踪纳米级DNA长度变化

IF 3.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139612

Xuming Zhao, Yang Li, Wenjing Xu, Tongtong Ye, Xiaoyan Wang, Jie Xu, Lihua Chen

Tracking nanoscale length changes in trace DNA is of great significance, however, accurately characterizing such changes remains challenging, especially in mixed samples. In this study, we constructed a novel nanoscale length-sensitive sensing platform (CNT@PEI-TRP@P(P1 + P2)) by utilizing the DNA-like dispersant polyethyleneimine-tryptophan (PEI-TRP), which features low cost, high content of effective functional groups, and excellent dispersibility, combined with the high sensitivity of carbon nanotube (CNT) particles to variations in interparticle spacing through their dispersion coupling effect. Probes (P1 and P2) are complementary sequences designed for the specific conserved regions at the 3′ and 5′ ends of six DNA samples of different lengths, with telomere DNA as the model. Through real-time hybridization with CNT@PEI-TRP@P1 and CNT@PEI-TRP@P2, the interparticle spacing of the nanoparticles was successfully regulated within the range of 65 Å to 515 Å. This strategy exhibits excellent analytical performance for short-chain DNA (20–110 nucleotides (nt)) and can monitor DNA length changes as small as approximately 100 Å in real time. Importantly, this advancement overcomes the limitations of existing technologies, enabling precise and direct detection the average length of DNA in mixed fragment samples without any data deduction or conversion process. It shows good concentration correlation within the range of 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻⁹ mol/L in both buffered solutions and 1 % serum environments, breaking through the bottleneck in highly sensitive analysis of nanomolar-level samples in this field, thus providing a simple, cost-effective method for real-time detection of DNA length changes.

跟踪痕量DNA的纳米尺度长度变化具有重要意义，然而，准确表征这种变化仍然具有挑战性，特别是在混合样品中。本研究利用成本低、有效官能团含量高、分散性好的类dna分散剂聚乙烯亚胺色氨酸（PEI-TRP），结合碳纳米管（CNT）粒子通过分散耦合效应对粒子间距变化的高灵敏度，构建了新型纳米尺度长度敏感传感平台（CNT@PEI-TRP@P(P1 + P2)）。探针（P1和P2）是以端粒DNA为模型，针对6个不同长度DNA样品的3′和5′端特定保守区域设计的互补序列。通过与CNT@PEI-TRP@P1和CNT@PEI-TRP@P2的实时杂交，成功地将纳米颗粒的粒间间距调节在65 Å ~ 515 Å范围内。该策略对短链DNA（20-110个核苷酸（nt））具有优异的分析性能，可以实时监测DNA长度变化，小至约100 Å。重要的是，这一进步克服了现有技术的局限性，能够精确和直接地检测混合片段样本中的DNA平均长度，而无需任何数据扣除或转换过程。在缓冲溶液和1 %血清环境中，浓度在10 - 10⁻⁶~ 10⁻⁹mol/L范围内具有良好的相关性，突破了该领域高灵敏度样品分析的瓶颈，为实时检测DNA长度变化提供了一种简单、经济的方法。

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引用次数: 0