Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139585
Ehren M. Dixon, Lorraine C. Nagle, James F. Rohan
To address the stability and cost limitations of enzymatic glucose sensors, this work details the use of nanoporous copper (NPC) modified microdisc array (MDA) sensors for non-enzymatic glucose detection, with a focus on bovine health monitoring. Electrochemical analysis in 0.1 M NaOH, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA), demonstrated excellent sensor performance. The device demonstrated a wide linear detection range (0.01 – 4.0 mM, R2>0.99) and a 4 µM limit of detection (LOD). It achieved high sensitivities of 14.87 and 9.87 µA µM-1 cm-2 across its low-concentration and full linear detection ranges, respectively. The sensor showed high selectivity, with minimal interference from common analytes in saliva and blood, and ageing studies revealed stable performance for up to 56 days when stored in acetone. Successful validation in artificial saliva confirmed the sensor's applicability for direct biofluid analysis. These findings establish NPC-modified MDAs as a robust, cost-effective, and promising platform for glucose monitoring in complex biofluids, particularly for veterinary diagnostics and agri-tech applications.
为了解决酶促葡萄糖传感器的稳定性和成本限制，本工作详细介绍了使用纳米多孔铜（NPC）修饰的微盘阵列（MDA）传感器进行非酶促葡萄糖检测，重点是牛健康监测。在0.1 M NaOH溶液中，采用循环伏安法（CV）和计时安培法（CA）进行电化学分析，显示出良好的传感器性能。该器件具有宽的线性检测范围（0.01 - 4.0 mM, R2>0.99）和4µM的检出限（LOD）。在低浓度和全线性检测范围内，灵敏度分别为14.87µAµM-1 cm-2和9.87µAµM-1 cm-2。该传感器显示出高选择性，对唾液和血液中常见分析物的干扰最小，老化研究表明，在丙酮中储存时，性能稳定可达56天。在人工唾液中的成功验证证实了传感器对直接生物流体分析的适用性。这些发现表明，npc修饰的mda是一种强大的、具有成本效益的、有前景的平台，可用于复杂生物液体中的葡萄糖监测，特别是用于兽医诊断和农业技术应用。
{"title":"Nanoporous copper microdisc arrays for non-enzymatic detection of glucose in aqueous and saliva solutions","authors":"Ehren M. Dixon, Lorraine C. Nagle, James F. Rohan","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139585","url":null,"abstract":"To address the stability and cost limitations of enzymatic glucose sensors, this work details the use of nanoporous copper (NPC) modified microdisc array (MDA) sensors for non-enzymatic glucose detection, with a focus on bovine health monitoring. Electrochemical analysis in 0.1<!-- --> <!-- -->M NaOH, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA), demonstrated excellent sensor performance. The device demonstrated a wide linear detection range (0.01 – 4.0<!-- --> <!-- -->mM, R<sup>2</sup>>0.99) and a 4<!-- --> <!-- -->µM limit of detection (LOD). It achieved high sensitivities of 14.87 and 9.87<!-- --> <!-- -->µA<!-- --> <!-- -->µM<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup> across its low-concentration and full linear detection ranges, respectively. The sensor showed high selectivity, with minimal interference from common analytes in saliva and blood, and ageing studies revealed stable performance for up to 56 days when stored in acetone. Successful validation in artificial saliva confirmed the sensor's applicability for direct biofluid analysis. These findings establish NPC-modified MDAs as a robust, cost-effective, and promising platform for glucose monitoring in complex biofluids, particularly for veterinary diagnostics and agri-tech applications.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139617
Lipeng Zhong, Kun Liang, Weifeng Liu, Zhijie Tang, Lanbo Wang, Sheng Hu, Feng Wang
Temperature modulation (TM) techniques have been widely employed in semiconductor gas sensors to enhance gas selectivity. However, inappropriate temperature control during TM can lead to drift-like effects, negatively impacting the accuracy of gas detection and concentration estimation. Existing drift-compensation methods exhibit high sensitivity to parameter tuning and limited adaptability, restricting their effectiveness in real-time sensing applications. In this study, we propose a hardware-level control strategy based on short-period temperature modulation, aiming to fundamentally suppress drift by compressing reaction time windows, thereby reducing thermal accumulation and residual formation. Experimental results indicate that, without any additional post-processing, the short-period (1 s) modulation achieves superior classification accuracy and concentration regression performance compared with the conventional long-period (40 s) modulation. Specifically, concentration regression error is reduced by approximately 68% on average. Even when compared with the algorithmically compensated 40 s dataset, regression error is further decreased by around 10%. This research provides not only a systematic parameter-optimization framework for TM cycle design but also a practical hardware solution for developing artificial olfactory systems characterized by high stability and minimal drift.
{"title":"Short-period temperature modulation for drift suppression and enhanced recognition performance in gas sensor","authors":"Lipeng Zhong, Kun Liang, Weifeng Liu, Zhijie Tang, Lanbo Wang, Sheng Hu, Feng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139617","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature modulation (TM) techniques have been widely employed in semiconductor gas sensors to enhance gas selectivity. However, inappropriate temperature control during TM can lead to drift-like effects, negatively impacting the accuracy of gas detection and concentration estimation. Existing drift-compensation methods exhibit high sensitivity to parameter tuning and limited adaptability, restricting their effectiveness in real-time sensing applications. In this study, we propose a hardware-level control strategy based on short-period temperature modulation, aiming to fundamentally suppress drift by compressing reaction time windows, thereby reducing thermal accumulation and residual formation. Experimental results indicate that, without any additional post-processing, the short-period (1 s) modulation achieves superior classification accuracy and concentration regression performance compared with the conventional long-period (40 s) modulation. Specifically, concentration regression error is reduced by approximately 68% on average. Even when compared with the algorithmically compensated 40 s dataset, regression error is further decreased by around 10%. This research provides not only a systematic parameter-optimization framework for TM cycle design but also a practical hardware solution for developing artificial olfactory systems characterized by high stability and minimal drift.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acquired resistance to paclitaxel (PTX) in cancers such as breast cancer often involves “protective autophagy”, which helps tumor cells survive treatment. However, how the lysosomal microenvironment changes during resistance remains unclear, largely because tools for real-time lysosomal tracking in living systems are limited. To solve this, we designed a near-infrared fluorescent probe, Lyso-WY-Vis, based on an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism. It emits at 695 nm with a large Stokes shift (275 nm), enabling deep tissue penetration and high contrast. The probe incorporates a molecular rotor sensitive to viscosity and a morpholine unit for precise lysosome targeting. Employing this advanced tool, markedly elevated autophagy levels, both basal and PTX-induced, were observed in PTX-resistant cells (4T1/PTX), in contrast to the sensitive 4T1 cells. Furthermore, in vivo investigations revealed that combination therapy with PTX and 3-MA yielded robust anti-tumor effects, significantly inhibiting tumor proliferation and fully reversing the resistant phenotype in both sensitive and resistant tumor-bearing mouse models.
{"title":"Synergistic anti-tumor effects of paclitaxel and autophagy inhibition in drug-resistant tumors revealed by ESIPT-based NIR real-time lysosomal imaging","authors":"Hengwei Sun, Jing Wen, Yiyu Zhu, Jinling Sun, Yefeng Cai, Jinmiao Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139616","url":null,"abstract":"Acquired resistance to paclitaxel (PTX) in cancers such as breast cancer often involves “protective autophagy”, which helps tumor cells survive treatment. However, how the lysosomal microenvironment changes during resistance remains unclear, largely because tools for real-time lysosomal tracking in living systems are limited. To solve this, we designed a near-infrared fluorescent probe, Lyso-WY-Vis, based on an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism. It emits at 695<!-- --> <!-- -->nm with a large Stokes shift (275<!-- --> <!-- -->nm), enabling deep tissue penetration and high contrast. The probe incorporates a molecular rotor sensitive to viscosity and a morpholine unit for precise lysosome targeting. Employing this advanced tool, markedly elevated autophagy levels, both basal and PTX-induced, were observed in PTX-resistant cells (4T1/PTX), in contrast to the sensitive 4T1 cells. Furthermore, <em>in vivo</em> investigations revealed that combination therapy with PTX and 3-MA yielded robust anti-tumor effects, significantly inhibiting tumor proliferation and fully reversing the resistant phenotype in both sensitive and resistant tumor-bearing mouse models.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment, with neuroinflammation and cholinergic dysfunction playing pivotal roles in its pathological progression. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), beyond its hydrolytic function in the periphery, is markedly upregulated in the brains of patients with mid to late-stage AD. However, real-time visualization of BChE activity in neuroinflammatory and AD models remains challenging due to the limited availability of imaging probes that combine high selectivity with efficient blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. In this work, an activatable near-infrared fluorogenic (NIRF) probe, DCICF3-CP, was designed and synthesized for in vivo imaging of BChE activity in neuroinflammatory and AD models. This probe employed dicyanoisophorone (DCI) as its near-infrared fluorophore and incorporated a cyclopropyl ester as a BChE-specific recognition unit. Concurrently, trifluoromethyl groups were introduced onto the aromatic ring to enhance lipophilicity and facilitate BBB permeability. Upon BChE hydrolysis, the cyclopropyl was cleaved, releasing the product DCICF3, enabling a turn-on fluorescence response. Cellular studies demonstrated that DCICF3-CP could track BChE upregulation in glutamate- and Aβ42-induced AD-related models. In vivo imaging further revealed significantly elevated BChE activity in LPS-induced neuroinflammatory mice, with decreased fluorescence signals following atorvastatin (Atv) intervention, indicating Atv treatment mitigated neuroinflammation. Moreover, imaging results from AD transgenic mice showed a gradual increase in brain BChE activity with age, consistent with Western blot analysis. Collectively, the developed DCICF3-CP was suitable for real-time visualization of BChE-related neuroinflammation and AD pathological processes, providing a novel tool for studying the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and evaluating therapeutic interventions.
{"title":"Dynamic visualization of butyrylcholinesterase activity in neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease with an activatable near-infrared fluorogenic probe","authors":"Wei Peng, Jiaxin Zhang, Zheng Wen, Mengyue Liu, Bishan Ye, Xiaopo Zhang, Fei Wang, Heng Liu, Fabiao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139615","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment, with neuroinflammation and cholinergic dysfunction playing pivotal roles in its pathological progression. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), beyond its hydrolytic function in the periphery, is markedly upregulated in the brains of patients with mid to late-stage AD. However, real-time visualization of BChE activity in neuroinflammatory and AD models remains challenging due to the limited availability of imaging probes that combine high selectivity with efficient blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. In this work, an activatable near-infrared fluorogenic (NIRF) probe, DCICF<sub>3</sub>-CP, was designed and synthesized for <em>in vivo</em> imaging of BChE activity in neuroinflammatory and AD models. This probe employed dicyanoisophorone (DCI) as its near-infrared fluorophore and incorporated a cyclopropyl ester as a BChE-specific recognition unit. Concurrently, trifluoromethyl groups were introduced onto the aromatic ring to enhance lipophilicity and facilitate BBB permeability. Upon BChE hydrolysis, the cyclopropyl was cleaved, releasing the product DCICF<sub>3</sub>, enabling a turn-on fluorescence response. Cellular studies demonstrated that DCICF<sub>3</sub>-CP could track BChE upregulation in glutamate- and Aβ<sub>42</sub>-induced AD-related models. <em>In vivo</em> imaging further revealed significantly elevated BChE activity in LPS-induced neuroinflammatory mice, with decreased fluorescence signals following atorvastatin (Atv) intervention, indicating Atv treatment mitigated neuroinflammation. Moreover, imaging results from AD transgenic mice showed a gradual increase in brain BChE activity with age, consistent with Western blot analysis. Collectively, the developed DCICF<sub>3</sub>-CP was suitable for real-time visualization of BChE-related neuroinflammation and AD pathological processes, providing a novel tool for studying the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and evaluating therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"302 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isothermal amplification technology (IAT), an enzymatic nucleic acid amplification technique conducted at a constant temperature, has garnered significant attention due to its simplicity, rapidness, and reduced equipment requirements in molecular biology. However, the current quantitative analysis of IAT results predominantly relies on dye-labeling methods, which not only complicate the operation but also increase the requirements for instrumentation. To address the pressing needs for highly sensitive, label-free, and constant-temperature detection in IAT, we propose and validate a dual resonance surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing platform with temperature-compensated capability. Through a bridge wedge prism (BWP) design featuring a small incident angle and dual resonance, this platform forms two near-infrared sensing regions achieving high sensitivity at 13500.00 and 46766.67 nm/RIU, respectively. An integrated thermoelectric cooler is also employed to precisely regulate the biosensing platform's temperature, meeting the constant-temperature requirements of 37 to 55°C for IAT. To address temperature drift in high-sensitivity applications, a matrix effectively is implemented for temperature compensation. The utilization of this platform for the quantitative analysis of synthetic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) via recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) facilitated the detection across diverse amplification durations and sample concentrations. Furthermore, nucleic acid probe binding enables evaluation of amplicon specificity, providing a highly promising platform for advancing label-free nucleic acid amplification and real-time detection technologies.
{"title":"A highly sensitive and temperature-compensated near-infrared plasmonic biosensing platform for label-free isothermal nucleic-acid amplification","authors":"Shiqi Hu, Lingling Zhang, Weicheng Shi, Tingting Liu, Yuanyuan Han, Qiao Zhao, Yaofei Chen, Gui-Shi Liu, Lei Chen, Zhe Chen, Wei Xiao, Donglin Cao, Yunhan Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139614","url":null,"abstract":"Isothermal amplification technology (IAT), an enzymatic nucleic acid amplification technique conducted at a constant temperature, has garnered significant attention due to its simplicity, rapidness, and reduced equipment requirements in molecular biology. However, the current quantitative analysis of IAT results predominantly relies on dye-labeling methods, which not only complicate the operation but also increase the requirements for instrumentation. To address the pressing needs for highly sensitive, label-free, and constant-temperature detection in IAT, we propose and validate a dual resonance surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing platform with temperature-compensated capability. Through a bridge wedge prism (BWP) design featuring a small incident angle and dual resonance, this platform forms two near-infrared sensing regions achieving high sensitivity at 13500.00 and 46766.67<!-- --> <!-- -->nm/RIU, respectively. An integrated thermoelectric cooler is also employed to precisely regulate the biosensing platform's temperature, meeting the constant-temperature requirements of 37 to 55°C for IAT. To address temperature drift in high-sensitivity applications, a matrix effectively is implemented for temperature compensation. The utilization of this platform for the quantitative analysis of synthetic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) via recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) facilitated the detection across diverse amplification durations and sample concentrations. Furthermore, nucleic acid probe binding enables evaluation of amplicon specificity, providing a highly promising platform for advancing label-free nucleic acid amplification and real-time detection technologies.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"133 1","pages":"139614"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139606
Nageen Shoukat, Jinhyeok Jeon, ChaeWon Mun, Ji Young Lee, Soo Hyun Lee, Jun-Yeong Yang, Dong-Ho Kim, Min-Young Lee, Seunghun Lee, Sung-Gyu Park
In this study, we report the development and application of a plasmonic nanostructure-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, integrated with electrochemical deposition and a convolutional neural network (CNN), for the sensitive and precise detection and quantification of kidney disease biomarkers in urine. A gold nanodimple (AuND) substrate was subjected to electrochemical deposition to produce a highly reproducible and sensitive SERS substrate for protein analysis. Evaluation of the performance of the platform through reproducibility tests and quantitative analysis of Cytochrome C protein demonstrated that it has a high sensitivity and a low detection limit of 8.2 pg/mL. The system was then applied to multiplexed analysis of three kidney disease-related proteins: albumin, transferrin (TrF), and immunoglobulin G (IgG). A combination of ANOVA-based feature selection and CNN classification models achieved high accuracy, with classification accuracies of 93.8% for albumin, 96.8% for TrF, and 96.8% for IgG. Subsequently, CNN-based regression models were utilized to quantify protein concentrations in urine samples, demonstrating robust performance with R2 values of 0.9321 for albumin, 0.9848 for TrF, and 0.9957 for IgG. The method also exhibited excellent diagnostic feasibility, successfully detecting and quantifying target proteins in a urine matrix. The proposed platform thus offers a highly sensitive, reliable and non-invasive approach for early diagnosis of kidney diseases.
{"title":"Machine Learning-Assisted Electrochemical SERS for Sensitive Detection of Multiple Urinary Proteins","authors":"Nageen Shoukat, Jinhyeok Jeon, ChaeWon Mun, Ji Young Lee, Soo Hyun Lee, Jun-Yeong Yang, Dong-Ho Kim, Min-Young Lee, Seunghun Lee, Sung-Gyu Park","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139606","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we report the development and application of a plasmonic nanostructure-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, integrated with electrochemical deposition and a convolutional neural network (CNN), for the sensitive and precise detection and quantification of kidney disease biomarkers in urine. A gold nanodimple (AuND) substrate was subjected to electrochemical deposition to produce a highly reproducible and sensitive SERS substrate for protein analysis. Evaluation of the performance of the platform through reproducibility tests and quantitative analysis of Cytochrome C protein demonstrated that it has a high sensitivity and a low detection limit of 8.2<!-- --> <!-- -->pg/mL. The system was then applied to multiplexed analysis of three kidney disease-related proteins: albumin, transferrin (TrF), and immunoglobulin G (IgG). A combination of ANOVA-based feature selection and CNN classification models achieved high accuracy, with classification accuracies of 93.8% for albumin, 96.8% for TrF, and 96.8% for IgG. Subsequently, CNN-based regression models were utilized to quantify protein concentrations in urine samples, demonstrating robust performance with R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.9321 for albumin, 0.9848 for TrF, and 0.9957 for IgG. The method also exhibited excellent diagnostic feasibility, successfully detecting and quantifying target proteins in a urine matrix. The proposed platform thus offers a highly sensitive, reliable and non-invasive approach for early diagnosis of kidney diseases.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139601
Yitong Xu, Yaming Zhao, Qiong Jia
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a key disease biomarker for acute myocardial infarction; therefore, it is crucial to selectively enrich cTnI in complex samples and accurately detect it. Molecularly imprinted polymers combined with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (MIP-SERS) hold promise for applications in protein detection. However, the technology often suffers from low imprinting efficiency and detection complexity. Herein, we developed an epitope-oriented MIP based on host-guest interaction (hg-EMIP) between β-cyclodextrin and ferrocene, as well as constructed a novel hg-EMIP-label-free SERS assay. The template immobilization was achieved through host-guest recognition, followed by imprinted layer synthesis using multiple functional monomers. The resulting hg-EMIP exhibits high specificity toward cTnI, with superior imprinting factor and reusability. The developed hg-EMIP-label-free SERS assay enables sensitive and rapid detection of cTnI without extrinsic nanotags, possesses a wide linear range (10−3-103 ng/mL), and can be successfully used for the detection of cTnI in human serum samples. hg-EMIP is promising for the isolation of targets, and label-free SERS assay based on hg-EMIP is highly potential in the area of disease biomarker detection.
{"title":"Sensitive label-free SERS detection of cTnI enabled by epitope molecularly imprinted polymer based on host-guest interaction of cyclodextrin and ferrocene","authors":"Yitong Xu, Yaming Zhao, Qiong Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139601","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a key disease biomarker for acute myocardial infarction; therefore, it is crucial to selectively enrich cTnI in complex samples and accurately detect it. Molecularly imprinted polymers combined with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (MIP-SERS) hold promise for applications in protein detection. However, the technology often suffers from low imprinting efficiency and detection complexity. Herein, we developed an epitope-oriented MIP based on host-guest interaction (hg-EMIP) between <em>β-</em>cyclodextrin and ferrocene, as well as constructed a novel hg-EMIP-label-free SERS assay. The template immobilization was achieved through host-guest recognition, followed by imprinted layer synthesis using multiple functional monomers. The resulting hg-EMIP exhibits high specificity toward cTnI, with superior imprinting factor and reusability. The developed hg-EMIP-label-free SERS assay enables sensitive and rapid detection of cTnI without extrinsic nanotags, possesses a wide linear range (10<sup>−3</sup>-10<sup>3</sup> ng/mL), and can be successfully used for the detection of cTnI in human serum samples. hg-EMIP is promising for the isolation of targets, and label-free SERS assay based on hg-EMIP is highly potential in the area of disease biomarker detection.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"57 1","pages":"139601"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139608
Romain Clément, Céline Couturier, Oumar Ndiaye, Cheikh Talibouya Touré, Frank William Mendy, Moussa Dia, Stéphanie Geoffroy, Anely Tranchot, Natacha Mariano, Stéphanie Donnat, Charlotte Mignon, Benoît Beitz, Alejandra Mier, Joseph Robert Anderson Fitchett, Oumar Faye, Cheikh Tidiane Diagne, Oxana Vratskikh, Christophe Védrine
To overcome the limitation of lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) in multiplexing while preserving high sensitivity and specificity, we present COLPLEX, a high-affinity recognition system based on the ultra-specific interaction between colicin antimicrobial proteins and their cognate immunity proteins. These protein pairs, naturally evolved to exhibit femtomolar binding affinities, are bio-orthogonal and readily accessible through recombinant expression. We integrated the COLPLEX system into a biplex LFIA platform for the simultaneous detection of glycoproteins from Zaire and Sudan Ebola virus variants. Using two distinct, non-cross-reactive colicin-immunity pairs, we immobilized colicins on the nitrocellulose membrane and fused immunity proteins to the capture antibodies. This configuration significantly improved the signal-to-noise ratio, reduced capture antibody consumption, and minimized non-specific binding. Clinical evaluation using sera from Ebola-infected patients (n = 30) and negative controls (n = 40), including healthy donors and patients with other viral haemorrhagic fevers, demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with 96.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity, confirming the robustness of COLPLEX for real-world applications. These results highlight COLPLEX as a powerful alternative to streptavidin-biotin system and its potential to revolutionize next-generation LFIA platforms.
{"title":"COLPLEX: A High-Affinity Protein Adaptor for Enhanced Sensitivity and Multiplex Lateral Flow Immunoassays. Application to Ebola Virus Strain Detection.","authors":"Romain Clément, Céline Couturier, Oumar Ndiaye, Cheikh Talibouya Touré, Frank William Mendy, Moussa Dia, Stéphanie Geoffroy, Anely Tranchot, Natacha Mariano, Stéphanie Donnat, Charlotte Mignon, Benoît Beitz, Alejandra Mier, Joseph Robert Anderson Fitchett, Oumar Faye, Cheikh Tidiane Diagne, Oxana Vratskikh, Christophe Védrine","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139608","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the limitation of lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) in multiplexing while preserving high sensitivity and specificity, we present COLPLEX, a high-affinity recognition system based on the ultra-specific interaction between colicin antimicrobial proteins and their cognate immunity proteins. These protein pairs, naturally evolved to exhibit femtomolar binding affinities, are bio-orthogonal and readily accessible through recombinant expression. We integrated the COLPLEX system into a biplex LFIA platform for the simultaneous detection of glycoproteins from Zaire and Sudan Ebola virus variants. Using two distinct, non-cross-reactive colicin-immunity pairs, we immobilized colicins on the nitrocellulose membrane and fused immunity proteins to the capture antibodies. This configuration significantly improved the signal-to-noise ratio, reduced capture antibody consumption, and minimized non-specific binding. Clinical evaluation using sera from Ebola-infected patients (n = 30) and negative controls (n = 40), including healthy donors and patients with other viral haemorrhagic fevers, demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with 96.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity, confirming the robustness of COLPLEX for real-world applications. These results highlight COLPLEX as a powerful alternative to streptavidin-biotin system and its potential to revolutionize next-generation LFIA platforms.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"35 1","pages":"139608"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139611
Ruxia Zhang, Xiaoye Wen, Yongfei Huang, Zhefeng Fan
Currently, novel tumor diagnosis and treatment strategies mediated by the exceptional enzyme-like activities of nanozymes demonstrate significant potential in the field of cancer theranostic. However, constrained by the potent antioxidant system of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the inadequate catalytic activity of nanozymes, endowing nanozymes with high abundance of enzyme-mimicking activities to promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, as well as detecting tumor environmental markers and designing multi-pathway strategies to disrupt TME redox homeostasis, remains a considerable challenge. Herein, a multifunctional PB@L-Arg CeO2 nanozymes with triple enzyme-mimicking activities (peroxidase, oxidase, and phosphatase-like properties) and remarkable photothermal conversion efficiency was reasonably constructed via an in-situ self-assembly strategy, achieving dual applications of colorimetric detection of glutathione (GSH) and multimodal synergistic therapy for tumors. Notably, the phosphatase-like activity mimicked by PB@L-Arg CeO2 nanozymes can directly hydrolyze nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) via a non-redox pathway and effectively inhibit intracellular GSH supply. Combined with GSH deprivation ability, it substantially disrupts the TME redox balance system and promotes the lipid peroxides (LPO) accumulation, further enhancing the ferroptosis effect, thereby significantly inhibiting tumor growth both in vivo and in vitro. In summary, this work provides a new paradigm for the design of nanozyme platforms for cancer diagnosis and multimodal therapeutic based on GSH levels.
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