G. Soldatova, S. Chigarkova, Anastasia G. Koshevaya, E. Nikonova
This paper explores, through the diary method, the daily activities of adolescents in offline, online, and mixed reality. Particular attention is paid to two new formats of activity: Internet user activity, including hyperconnectivity, and media multitasking, which attract more and more attention from researchers. These types of activities are not only important features of digital socialization, but they also determine a person's transition to a mixed reality. The study involves 125 adolescents aged 14-18 years. In the first stage, the study was conducted on the base of an online service Google Forms, in the second stage we used a chatbot in Telegram. The results confirm the data about the high level of adolescents' user activity. Adolescents show significant underestimation of their level of user activity - on average, up to a third of the time they estimate. A change in the image of the world is noted: more than a third of adolescents participating in the study feel that they are living in a mixed reality. At the same time, this image is typical for adolescents with higher user activity, primarily hyperconnected adolescents. The vast majority of adolescents subjectively define themselves as multitaskers, and they appreciate their effectiveness in this format quite highly. Combination of different types of activity turns out to be representative for adolescents with higher user activity, especially for hyperconnected adolescents who use multitasking format more intensively. The dynamics of its use are revealed: in comparison with the peak of multitasking activity on weekdays, when adolescents combine studying with searching for additional information and other educational activities, as well as socializing, there is a decrease in multitasking activity at weekends, except for evening hours. In this context, multitasking can be seen as a tool for adapting to the complexity and diversity of the modern world. The nature of the combination of online and offline activities is similar to the combination of online activities: on weekdays in the morning study is combined either with communicative or educational search activities, in the evening adolescents combine the performance of everyday activities with communicative, entertaining or educational search activities online. Thus, high user activity and multitasking are among the attributes of a mixed reality resident, and digital activity does not replace habitual age-specific social practices, but complements and probably enhances opportunities to fulfill adolescents' needs, primarily in communication and cognitive activities.
{"title":"Daily Activities of Adolescents in Mixed Reality: User Activity and Multitasking","authors":"G. Soldatova, S. Chigarkova, Anastasia G. Koshevaya, E. Nikonova","doi":"10.17223/17267080/83/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/83/2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores, through the diary method, the daily activities of adolescents in offline, online, and mixed reality. Particular attention is paid to two new formats of activity: Internet user activity, including hyperconnectivity, and media multitasking, which attract more and more attention from researchers. These types of activities are not only important features of digital socialization, but they also determine a person's transition to a mixed reality. The study involves 125 adolescents aged 14-18 years. In the first stage, the study was conducted on the base of an online service Google Forms, in the second stage we used a chatbot in Telegram. The results confirm the data about the high level of adolescents' user activity. Adolescents show significant underestimation of their level of user activity - on average, up to a third of the time they estimate. A change in the image of the world is noted: more than a third of adolescents participating in the study feel that they are living in a mixed reality. At the same time, this image is typical for adolescents with higher user activity, primarily hyperconnected adolescents. The vast majority of adolescents subjectively define themselves as multitaskers, and they appreciate their effectiveness in this format quite highly. Combination of different types of activity turns out to be representative for adolescents with higher user activity, especially for hyperconnected adolescents who use multitasking format more intensively. The dynamics of its use are revealed: in comparison with the peak of multitasking activity on weekdays, when adolescents combine studying with searching for additional information and other educational activities, as well as socializing, there is a decrease in multitasking activity at weekends, except for evening hours. In this context, multitasking can be seen as a tool for adapting to the complexity and diversity of the modern world. The nature of the combination of online and offline activities is similar to the combination of online activities: on weekdays in the morning study is combined either with communicative or educational search activities, in the evening adolescents combine the performance of everyday activities with communicative, entertaining or educational search activities online. Thus, high user activity and multitasking are among the attributes of a mixed reality resident, and digital activity does not replace habitual age-specific social practices, but complements and probably enhances opportunities to fulfill adolescents' needs, primarily in communication and cognitive activities.","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the urgent problems of age psychology is the crisis of loss of professional activity at the age of late maturity. The study of the features and patterns of experiencing this crisis allows us to determine ways to overcome it. The thematic core of this process is the personification of personality, characterized by the transformation of the inner mental state of the individual. Personification causes the development of new motives, semantic attitudes, self-actualization of a person at the age of late maturity. The relevance of this study is evidenced by the substantiation of personification as a structural organization of the psyche that determines the formation of a new identity and the development of psychological neoplasms, which allows us to consider this phenomenon as an internal leading activity to overcome crisis phenomena. The purpose of the theoretical study is to establish the features and patterns of personality personification as a predictor of overcoming the crisis of losing a profession in late adulthood. The methodological basis of the study was the concept of personalization by V.A. Petrovsky, as well as the works of L.I. Antsyferova, E.P. Ilyin, A.B. Orlov, considering personification as an internal mental activity of a person to transform his structure under the influence of the social situation of development. The research was carried out by means of theoretical and methodological analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the issues of crisis and destructive tendencies of personality development at the age of late maturity.The methods of comparison, generalization, concretization and prognostics were used in the work. The results of the study. The analysis of the social situation of human development at the age of late maturity allowed us to identify the main factors influencing the development of personification: motives, values, semantic attitudes that initiate the transformation of the self, individuality and identity of the individual. An important predictor of ensuring psychological well-being in the conditions of loss of a profession is the personification of a person. On the basis of a multidimensional approach, a structural and functional model of the personification subject has been developed, the most important characteristics of which are its orientation, excess activity and conscious self-regulation. Coping strategies providing for reflection of external and internal factors of adaptation and self-actualization of the individual to overcome the crisis of loss of profession were chosen as psychotechnologies for overcoming a crisis situation. An important result of the research is the proposed strategy of transformation of the personality structure, which determines its personification and ensures the preadaptation of the personality to a possible uncertain socio-psychological future. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in enriching age psychology with knowledge of the phenomen
{"title":"Personification of Personality as a Predictor of Overcoming the Crisis of Loss of Professional Activity at the Age of Late Maturit","authors":"E. Zeer, E. Symanyuk","doi":"10.17223/17267080/84/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/84/6","url":null,"abstract":"One of the urgent problems of age psychology is the crisis of loss of professional activity at the age of late maturity. The study of the features and patterns of experiencing this crisis allows us to determine ways to overcome it. The thematic core of this process is the personification of personality, characterized by the transformation of the inner mental state of the individual. Personification causes the development of new motives, semantic attitudes, self-actualization of a person at the age of late maturity. The relevance of this study is evidenced by the substantiation of personification as a structural organization of the psyche that determines the formation of a new identity and the development of psychological neoplasms, which allows us to consider this phenomenon as an internal leading activity to overcome crisis phenomena. The purpose of the theoretical study is to establish the features and patterns of personality personification as a predictor of overcoming the crisis of losing a profession in late adulthood. The methodological basis of the study was the concept of personalization by V.A. Petrovsky, as well as the works of L.I. Antsyferova, E.P. Ilyin, A.B. Orlov, considering personification as an internal mental activity of a person to transform his structure under the influence of the social situation of development. The research was carried out by means of theoretical and methodological analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the issues of crisis and destructive tendencies of personality development at the age of late maturity.The methods of comparison, generalization, concretization and prognostics were used in the work. The results of the study. The analysis of the social situation of human development at the age of late maturity allowed us to identify the main factors influencing the development of personification: motives, values, semantic attitudes that initiate the transformation of the self, individuality and identity of the individual. An important predictor of ensuring psychological well-being in the conditions of loss of a profession is the personification of a person. On the basis of a multidimensional approach, a structural and functional model of the personification subject has been developed, the most important characteristics of which are its orientation, excess activity and conscious self-regulation. Coping strategies providing for reflection of external and internal factors of adaptation and self-actualization of the individual to overcome the crisis of loss of profession were chosen as psychotechnologies for overcoming a crisis situation. An important result of the research is the proposed strategy of transformation of the personality structure, which determines its personification and ensures the preadaptation of the personality to a possible uncertain socio-psychological future. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in enriching age psychology with knowledge of the phenomen","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigated and measured connections between the representation of students with disabilities in the semantic space with conscious teachers, undergraduates and to a lesser extent students depending on their context of the life experience with the respondents. In particular, on the experience of experiencing social exclusion and orientation to the semantic categories of the system of life meanings. In conclusion the process of educational inclusion of students with disabilities depends on the representation of students with disabilities in the semantic space within the consciousness of healthy minded teachers, undergraduates and students. The results revealed during the study suggest that the relative distance of the location of the majority of students with disabilities compared to the majority of healthy students according to the factors (axes) of strength and activity in the semantic space of the consciousness of healthy teachers, undergraduates and students might cause existing obstacles to the inclusive processes of people with disabilities in Russian higher education. On average, there is a proximity of a satisfactory attitude towards students with disabilities and healthy minded students, which is not enough to ensure the full inclusion of students with disabilities in the educational process. It is necessary to bring students with disabilities and healthy students closer in terms of factors (axes) of strength and activity in the semantic space within the consciousness of healthy teachers, undergraduates and students, since the conditions for the presence of tension and excitement in relation to the individual contribute to the process of self-realization through the solution of everyday life tasks. Such rapprochement is possible through the expansion of the experience of demanding and active interaction with students with disabilities in the educational process.
{"title":"Representation of Students with Disability within Consciousness Semantic Space of Teachers, Healthy Postgraduate and Undergraduate Students","authors":"M. P. Shulmin","doi":"10.17223/17267080/84/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/84/4","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated and measured connections between the representation of students with disabilities in the semantic space with conscious teachers, undergraduates and to a lesser extent students depending on their context of the life experience with the respondents. In particular, on the experience of experiencing social exclusion and orientation to the semantic categories of the system of life meanings. In conclusion the process of educational inclusion of students with disabilities depends on the representation of students with disabilities in the semantic space within the consciousness of healthy minded teachers, undergraduates and students. The results revealed during the study suggest that the relative distance of the location of the majority of students with disabilities compared to the majority of healthy students according to the factors (axes) of strength and activity in the semantic space of the consciousness of healthy teachers, undergraduates and students might cause existing obstacles to the inclusive processes of people with disabilities in Russian higher education. On average, there is a proximity of a satisfactory attitude towards students with disabilities and healthy minded students, which is not enough to ensure the full inclusion of students with disabilities in the educational process. It is necessary to bring students with disabilities and healthy students closer in terms of factors (axes) of strength and activity in the semantic space within the consciousness of healthy teachers, undergraduates and students, since the conditions for the presence of tension and excitement in relation to the individual contribute to the process of self-realization through the solution of everyday life tasks. Such rapprochement is possible through the expansion of the experience of demanding and active interaction with students with disabilities in the educational process.","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The subfield “paradigm” of modern psychology includes the task of studying the mechanisms of conscious Psychology of Self-Regulation (PSR) in any self-governance and self-realization of the individual in urgent tasks of life. Here a person does not fully control their mental process. They go into auto-pilot and are autonomous mechanisms of mental self-governance. PSR is considered as an information semantic system in which the intellect performs the main function of processing information, self-awareness and conscious control over what is happening in the spatio-temporal continuum of experience and perspectives to life. Research objective: to reveal the role of the intellect (as a cognitive-information system) in the control of arbitrary activity of consciousness in order to build a semantic system of experiences and a structure of meaningful formation in PSR, which allows a person to be selfconscious of life. PSR is understood as a synergistic system of mental activity in the unity of consciousness and unconscious automatisms and attitudes, in the dynamics of the sociocultural interaction of an individual. During the research of PSR of the individual a semantic approach was used to study conscious self-governance of a person. Materials and methods. Sample of students (N=2000, ages 15-50, males 520, females 1480). The study was conducted in a natural setting during training sessions in psychological disciplines in the regions of Ukraine and Crimea (over 17 years). A quasi-experiment was used during introspection of a students work group setting. In a series of introspection experiments, participants completed tasks: stop thoughts, control and organize images, emotions, inner speech, and attention. The semantic properties of the functioning mechanisms of the information-synergetic system of the PSR of the individual, as well as the mechanism of controlling attention with the help of thinking in the organization with stream of thoughts in the mind, were studied. Results. The semantic specificity was revealed in autonomous thought formation of PSR by the inability to stop the stream of thoughts. The need for specificity of governance in PSR by the process of thinking with the help of directed or faceted inner speech with a goal or figurative representations (conscious self-organization of the thought-building process) was seen. The specificity of the automation of the thought-building of consciousness in the aspect of the subjectivity of the semantics of experience became apparent. Further studied was the ability to independently organize a stream of thoughts in autogenic training and meditation, as well as manage the existing automated anxiety complex, transform its content and meaning. Conclusion. As a result of the autonomy of PSR, the subject acts as an "observer" regarding the ongoing processes and phenomena in their mental space, being identified as their thinking and consciousness. The PSR of a person, as a system, functions lar
{"title":"The Information and Semantic System of Psychology of Self-Regulation in Conscious Self-Governance of a Person","authors":"S. Dyakov, S. Kostromina","doi":"10.17223/17267080/83/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/83/4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The subfield “paradigm” of modern psychology includes the task of studying the mechanisms of conscious Psychology of Self-Regulation (PSR) in any self-governance and self-realization of the individual in urgent tasks of life. Here a person does not fully control their mental process. They go into auto-pilot and are autonomous mechanisms of mental self-governance. PSR is considered as an information semantic system in which the intellect performs the main function of processing information, self-awareness and conscious control over what is happening in the spatio-temporal continuum of experience and perspectives to life. Research objective: to reveal the role of the intellect (as a cognitive-information system) in the control of arbitrary activity of consciousness in order to build a semantic system of experiences and a structure of meaningful formation in PSR, which allows a person to be selfconscious of life. PSR is understood as a synergistic system of mental activity in the unity of consciousness and unconscious automatisms and attitudes, in the dynamics of the sociocultural interaction of an individual. During the research of PSR of the individual a semantic approach was used to study conscious self-governance of a person. Materials and methods. Sample of students (N=2000, ages 15-50, males 520, females 1480). The study was conducted in a natural setting during training sessions in psychological disciplines in the regions of Ukraine and Crimea (over 17 years). A quasi-experiment was used during introspection of a students work group setting. In a series of introspection experiments, participants completed tasks: stop thoughts, control and organize images, emotions, inner speech, and attention. The semantic properties of the functioning mechanisms of the information-synergetic system of the PSR of the individual, as well as the mechanism of controlling attention with the help of thinking in the organization with stream of thoughts in the mind, were studied. Results. The semantic specificity was revealed in autonomous thought formation of PSR by the inability to stop the stream of thoughts. The need for specificity of governance in PSR by the process of thinking with the help of directed or faceted inner speech with a goal or figurative representations (conscious self-organization of the thought-building process) was seen. The specificity of the automation of the thought-building of consciousness in the aspect of the subjectivity of the semantics of experience became apparent. Further studied was the ability to independently organize a stream of thoughts in autogenic training and meditation, as well as manage the existing automated anxiety complex, transform its content and meaning. Conclusion. As a result of the autonomy of PSR, the subject acts as an \"observer\" regarding the ongoing processes and phenomena in their mental space, being identified as their thinking and consciousness. The PSR of a person, as a system, functions lar","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploring value orientations and psychological characteristics of activity in students in the context of their innovativeness is relevant in connection with the society's social demands and the specifics of personal and professional development of this category of young people. Such a study is significant, since it is students who are potential and active subjects of various social transformations, the most intellectually advanced and creative part of youth. The study focused on correlation and regression analyses of value orientations and psychological characteristics of activity among university students in Tomsk (N = 419). In the study the following research instruments were used: Sh. Schwartz's Portrait Values Questionnaire-Revised (modified by K.V. Sugonyaev); R. Inglehart's World Values Survey (adapted by R.K. Khabibulin); N.M. Lebedeva and A.N. Tatarko's Self-Assessment of Personality's Innovative Qualities; E.Yu. Mandrikova's Self-Organization of Activity Questionnaire; the Differential Test of Reflexivity (D.A. Leontiev); the Satisfaction with Life Scale (E. Diener; adapted by D.A. Leontiev and E.N. Osin); the Index of Personal Readiness for Activity (S.A. Bogomaz, I.V. Atamanova); the Change Response Styles Questionnaire (T.Yu. Bazarov, M.P. Sycheva); the Academic Motivation Scales questionnaire (T.O. Gordeeva, O.A. Sychev and E.N. Osin, based on the R. Vallerand Academic Motivation Scale). Regression analysis has shown that the leading psychological characteristics of activity in university youth in the context of innovativeness are “Index of innovativeness”, “Index of personal readiness for activity” and “Implementing style of responding to changes”. The regression analysis results indicate that the innovative style of responding to changes is not preferable among students when assessing their innovativeness. The study conducted revealed the ambivalence of the relationship between university youth's traditional values, safety values and their psychological characteristics of activity. This fact may indicate that current societal transformations inevitably affect personality characteristics of young people, showing that values ensuring the society's stability and security, the absence of chaos are important for them, as well as the significance of development, expansion of opportunities for self-realization, socio-cultural transformations. The study findings show the need for taking into account the degree of manifestation of psychological parameters in question and their ratio in students to ensure their personal and socio-cultural development. Investigating students' psychological characteristics can be used as guidelines for developing various programs of psychological and pedagogical support for their personal and professional development during their studies at university, searching for models of training specialists that meet the current requirements.
{"title":"Psychological Characteristics of Activity, Traditional Values and Safety Values of University Youth in the Context of Innovativeness","authors":"N. Buravleva, I. Atamanova","doi":"10.17223/17267080/84/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/84/3","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring value orientations and psychological characteristics of activity in students in the context of their innovativeness is relevant in connection with the society's social demands and the specifics of personal and professional development of this category of young people. Such a study is significant, since it is students who are potential and active subjects of various social transformations, the most intellectually advanced and creative part of youth. The study focused on correlation and regression analyses of value orientations and psychological characteristics of activity among university students in Tomsk (N = 419). In the study the following research instruments were used: Sh. Schwartz's Portrait Values Questionnaire-Revised (modified by K.V. Sugonyaev); R. Inglehart's World Values Survey (adapted by R.K. Khabibulin); N.M. Lebedeva and A.N. Tatarko's Self-Assessment of Personality's Innovative Qualities; E.Yu. Mandrikova's Self-Organization of Activity Questionnaire; the Differential Test of Reflexivity (D.A. Leontiev); the Satisfaction with Life Scale (E. Diener; adapted by D.A. Leontiev and E.N. Osin); the Index of Personal Readiness for Activity (S.A. Bogomaz, I.V. Atamanova); the Change Response Styles Questionnaire (T.Yu. Bazarov, M.P. Sycheva); the Academic Motivation Scales questionnaire (T.O. Gordeeva, O.A. Sychev and E.N. Osin, based on the R. Vallerand Academic Motivation Scale). Regression analysis has shown that the leading psychological characteristics of activity in university youth in the context of innovativeness are “Index of innovativeness”, “Index of personal readiness for activity” and “Implementing style of responding to changes”. The regression analysis results indicate that the innovative style of responding to changes is not preferable among students when assessing their innovativeness. The study conducted revealed the ambivalence of the relationship between university youth's traditional values, safety values and their psychological characteristics of activity. This fact may indicate that current societal transformations inevitably affect personality characteristics of young people, showing that values ensuring the society's stability and security, the absence of chaos are important for them, as well as the significance of development, expansion of opportunities for self-realization, socio-cultural transformations. The study findings show the need for taking into account the degree of manifestation of psychological parameters in question and their ratio in students to ensure their personal and socio-cultural development. Investigating students' psychological characteristics can be used as guidelines for developing various programs of psychological and pedagogical support for their personal and professional development during their studies at university, searching for models of training specialists that meet the current requirements.","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Muhamedrahimov, Dinar I. Kagarmanov, E. Sergienko
The current study addressed the role of different social contexts in theory of mind development, specifically whether the structure of the theory of mind indicators in the group of institutionalized children was different from the structure of indicators in the group of children from biological families. The relevant to the theory of mind items of the personal-social scale of the Battelle Developmental Inventory (Newborg et al., 1988) provided by expert assessors in communication with primary caregivers were used to assess young children reared in so-cially-emotionally depriving institutional environment (n = 50; M = 2.18, SD = 0.92 years) and in biological families (n = 50; M = 2.37, SD = 0.92 years). Results suggested between-group differences in the factor structure for the theory of mind indicators. The first factor for rating of children from families reflected competent understanding of the close adult, selfunderstanding, and understanding of peers and feelings towards them, while there was no such combination found in factors for rating of institutionalized children. The findings are discussed in relation to the research data how social environment shapes understanding of mental states by children. Results suggest significant difficulties in the complex and competent theory of mind formation in institutional socio-emotional environment, and emphasize the need of the training plus structural changes intervention program aimed to improve the sensitivity and consistency of primary caregiving environment for young institutionalized children. The findings indicate that information from primary caregivers might be used to study the theory of mind in children, and that the factor structure of the theory of mind indicators reflects the specificity of children's social-emotional environment.
{"title":"Analysis of the Theory of Mind Indicators in Children from Biological Families and a Baby Home","authors":"R. Muhamedrahimov, Dinar I. Kagarmanov, E. Sergienko","doi":"10.17223/17267080/85/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/85/7","url":null,"abstract":"The current study addressed the role of different social contexts in theory of mind development, specifically whether the structure of the theory of mind indicators in the group of institutionalized children was different from the structure of indicators in the group of children from biological families. The relevant to the theory of mind items of the personal-social scale of the Battelle Developmental Inventory (Newborg et al., 1988) provided by expert assessors in communication with primary caregivers were used to assess young children reared in so-cially-emotionally depriving institutional environment (n = 50; M = 2.18, SD = 0.92 years) and in biological families (n = 50; M = 2.37, SD = 0.92 years). Results suggested between-group differences in the factor structure for the theory of mind indicators. The first factor for rating of children from families reflected competent understanding of the close adult, selfunderstanding, and understanding of peers and feelings towards them, while there was no such combination found in factors for rating of institutionalized children. The findings are discussed in relation to the research data how social environment shapes understanding of mental states by children. Results suggest significant difficulties in the complex and competent theory of mind formation in institutional socio-emotional environment, and emphasize the need of the training plus structural changes intervention program aimed to improve the sensitivity and consistency of primary caregiving environment for young institutionalized children. The findings indicate that information from primary caregivers might be used to study the theory of mind in children, and that the factor structure of the theory of mind indicators reflects the specificity of children's social-emotional environment.","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is intended to highlight the existing theoretical concepts and empirical data on the role played by different levels of categories in the processes of perception and formation of actions with a person. In this context, we consider several topics, such as: the superiority of base-level categories, the phenomenon of incidental findings, the effects of compatibility and orientation, the role of goals in actions regarding categorization of objects, and some other topics. One of the key examples of the influence of categorization on other cognitive processes is the effect of the superiority of categories of the base level: when deciding whether a given stimulus belongs to a certain category, the answer is faster if the category belongs to the base level compared to superordinate and subordinate. One of the main areas of study of the effect of the advantages of categories of the basic level is the study of the role of this effect in perceptual tasks. One of these tasks is the visual search - the search for target stimuli among distractors. One of these is a guided search - directing attention to certain objects. There are modifications of the visual search - search collection and hybrid search. The belonging of an object to a certain category affects the efficiency of the visual search, as well as the occurrence of perceptual errors. Another important area of study of categorization is to elucidate the relationship between categorization and affordances - perceived possible actions with other objects. Most of these studies focus on the role of categorization in generating compatibility and orientation effects. Finally, this comprehensive study of the relationship between categorization, perception, and affordances mostly occurs as “gaze behavior” in relation to the action that creates clarity in visible objects.
{"title":"Categorization as a Universal Process: the Role of Categories in Perceptual Processes and Formation of Actions","authors":"A. Anufrieva, N. Dagaev, E. Gorbunova","doi":"10.17223/17267080/83/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/83/1","url":null,"abstract":"This article is intended to highlight the existing theoretical concepts and empirical data on the role played by different levels of categories in the processes of perception and formation of actions with a person. In this context, we consider several topics, such as: the superiority of base-level categories, the phenomenon of incidental findings, the effects of compatibility and orientation, the role of goals in actions regarding categorization of objects, and some other topics. One of the key examples of the influence of categorization on other cognitive processes is the effect of the superiority of categories of the base level: when deciding whether a given stimulus belongs to a certain category, the answer is faster if the category belongs to the base level compared to superordinate and subordinate. One of the main areas of study of the effect of the advantages of categories of the basic level is the study of the role of this effect in perceptual tasks. One of these tasks is the visual search - the search for target stimuli among distractors. One of these is a guided search - directing attention to certain objects. There are modifications of the visual search - search collection and hybrid search. The belonging of an object to a certain category affects the efficiency of the visual search, as well as the occurrence of perceptual errors. Another important area of study of categorization is to elucidate the relationship between categorization and affordances - perceived possible actions with other objects. Most of these studies focus on the role of categorization in generating compatibility and orientation effects. Finally, this comprehensive study of the relationship between categorization, perception, and affordances mostly occurs as “gaze behavior” in relation to the action that creates clarity in visible objects.","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67570984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dichotic listening task is commonly used in a wide range of neuropsychological issues for studying interhemispheric asymmetry and interhemispheric interaction mechanisms. The article aims to determine the specific vector of auditory speech asymmetry for efferent motor and acoustic mnestic aphasia and its correlation with the dynamics of speech recovery. The paper studied the frequency of the right and left vectors of auditory speech asymmetry in aphasics with different time post-onset and structural characteristics of lesions. Also, the paper analyses the influence of the ear advantage side on the efficiency index of dichotic listening and quantitative indicators of speech. Material. Patients with acoustic mnestic (n = 52) and efferent motor aphasia (N = 58) of moderate and mild severity. Methods. The dichotic listening task: 16 paired series of 4 monosyllabic words in each. Results. Time post-onset, as well as lesion size, does not influence directly auditory speech laterality in aphasics. The frequency of occurrence of the positive and negative signs of the coefficient of the right ear has no pronounced differences between the different lesion sizes and time post-onset in aphasia. The left hemisphere lesion marks the impairment of the reciprocity in hemispheric interaction. The left ear advantage influences positively the dichotic listening efficiency index. Aphasia recovery does not have a direct conjugacy with the side of lesion or ear advantage. At the same time, the left ear advantage in acoustic mnestic aphasia creates a more pronounced “positive shift” in speech scores than in efferent motor aphasia. Conclusion. It appears that interhemispheric speech reorganization is determined apart from topical, typological, time post-onset and the left-handedness factors by others that needed to be investigated.
{"title":"Lateralization of Auditory Speech Asymmetry in Aphasic Disorders and the Influence of Its Vector on the Efficiency of Dichotic Listening to a Series of C-V-C Words and the Dynamics of Speech Recovery","authors":"K.M. Shipkova","doi":"10.17223/17267080/85/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/85/8","url":null,"abstract":"The dichotic listening task is commonly used in a wide range of neuropsychological issues for studying interhemispheric asymmetry and interhemispheric interaction mechanisms. The article aims to determine the specific vector of auditory speech asymmetry for efferent motor and acoustic mnestic aphasia and its correlation with the dynamics of speech recovery. The paper studied the frequency of the right and left vectors of auditory speech asymmetry in aphasics with different time post-onset and structural characteristics of lesions. Also, the paper analyses the influence of the ear advantage side on the efficiency index of dichotic listening and quantitative indicators of speech. Material. Patients with acoustic mnestic (n = 52) and efferent motor aphasia (N = 58) of moderate and mild severity. Methods. The dichotic listening task: 16 paired series of 4 monosyllabic words in each. Results. Time post-onset, as well as lesion size, does not influence directly auditory speech laterality in aphasics. The frequency of occurrence of the positive and negative signs of the coefficient of the right ear has no pronounced differences between the different lesion sizes and time post-onset in aphasia. The left hemisphere lesion marks the impairment of the reciprocity in hemispheric interaction. The left ear advantage influences positively the dichotic listening efficiency index. Aphasia recovery does not have a direct conjugacy with the side of lesion or ear advantage. At the same time, the left ear advantage in acoustic mnestic aphasia creates a more pronounced “positive shift” in speech scores than in efferent motor aphasia. Conclusion. It appears that interhemispheric speech reorganization is determined apart from topical, typological, time post-onset and the left-handedness factors by others that needed to be investigated.","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper is focused at the development and validation of a psychometric scale of the subjective quality of time. The subjective quality of time is the measure of fullness with which one can experience a certain period of time, or the time associated with certain activity. Based on this, we aimed to develop a scale for measuring the subjective quality of time. The original version of the scale included 15 bipolar rating scales. In the process of testing and improving the psychometric characteristics of the inventory, the number of scales was reduced to 5. The one-factor model for 5 statements showed an acceptable fit to the data (multigroup model in Mplus 8.4, MLR statistic: X2(20) = 36.10, p = 0.015, CFI = 0.963, RMSEA = 0.089, 90% CI [0.039; 0.134], SRMR = 0.036). The reliability of the scale (Cronbach's alpha) ranged from 0.79 to 0.87 in different samples. Several studies have focused on the construct validity of the new measure. In the study about the characteristics of self-regulation of hatha yoga practitioners, the assessment of the quality of time of yoga practice was significantly higher than the assessment of the quality of time for filling out questionnaires (Student's t-test: p<0.001; d = 1.22). In another study of psychological and behavioral responses to the Covid-19 pandemic, the scale of the subjective quality of time was offered to a sample of students as part of a set of measures. As we expected, against the background of the unfolding pandemic, assessment of the quality of time for the last month was significantly lower than for the previous year. It also significantly correlated with other indicators of subjective well-being. There were no significant links between the assessment of the quality of time over the past month and over the past year with emotions and fears caused by the coronavirus pandemic. Thus, the developed time quality scale has good psychometric characteristics and is suitable, among other things, for mass monitoring surveys
{"title":"The Subjective Quality of Time as an Object of Psychological Assessment","authors":"D. Leontiev, E. Osin","doi":"10.17223/17267080/83/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/83/12","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is focused at the development and validation of a psychometric scale of the subjective quality of time. The subjective quality of time is the measure of fullness with which one can experience a certain period of time, or the time associated with certain activity. Based on this, we aimed to develop a scale for measuring the subjective quality of time. The original version of the scale included 15 bipolar rating scales. In the process of testing and improving the psychometric characteristics of the inventory, the number of scales was reduced to 5. The one-factor model for 5 statements showed an acceptable fit to the data (multigroup model in Mplus 8.4, MLR statistic: X2(20) = 36.10, p = 0.015, CFI = 0.963, RMSEA = 0.089, 90% CI [0.039; 0.134], SRMR = 0.036). The reliability of the scale (Cronbach's alpha) ranged from 0.79 to 0.87 in different samples. Several studies have focused on the construct validity of the new measure. In the study about the characteristics of self-regulation of hatha yoga practitioners, the assessment of the quality of time of yoga practice was significantly higher than the assessment of the quality of time for filling out questionnaires (Student's t-test: p<0.001; d = 1.22). In another study of psychological and behavioral responses to the Covid-19 pandemic, the scale of the subjective quality of time was offered to a sample of students as part of a set of measures. As we expected, against the background of the unfolding pandemic, assessment of the quality of time for the last month was significantly lower than for the previous year. It also significantly correlated with other indicators of subjective well-being. There were no significant links between the assessment of the quality of time over the past month and over the past year with emotions and fears caused by the coronavirus pandemic. Thus, the developed time quality scale has good psychometric characteristics and is suitable, among other things, for mass monitoring surveys","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic that has taken over the world has affected all areas of human life. Labor migrants turned out to be one of the most vulnerable social groups before the pandemic. Russia is currently in a state of depopulation - migrants are strategically needed for the country: both as a labor force and as future citizens of the country. The 21st century is called the century of social intelligence, since there is more and more data on the importance of this type of intelligence in sociocultural reality. One of the features of social intelligence is the ability to adapt, correctly evaluate and adequately respond to new life situations. The aim of this work was to assess the impact of social intelligence on the adaptation of labor migrants from Central Asian countries in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the study, the following patterns were found: the higher the level of social intelligence, the less often respondents lost their jobs during the pandemic; were more likely to maintain or increase their income levels; more often transferred money to their homeland; there were fewer conflicts in the immediate environment of the migrant. During the pandemic, migrant phobia among the local population increased in Russia, but respondents with average and above average social intelligence did not notice a change in the attitude of local residents towards themselves. The results obtained prove that labor migrants with average and above average social intelligence are better adapted to the conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic than migrants with below average social intelligence.
{"title":"The Impact of Social Intelligence on the Adaptation of Migrant Workers in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"S. Ryazantsev, Elena Y. Pismennaya, A. Smirnov","doi":"10.17223/17267080/84/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/84/5","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic that has taken over the world has affected all areas of human life. Labor migrants turned out to be one of the most vulnerable social groups before the pandemic. Russia is currently in a state of depopulation - migrants are strategically needed for the country: both as a labor force and as future citizens of the country. The 21st century is called the century of social intelligence, since there is more and more data on the importance of this type of intelligence in sociocultural reality. One of the features of social intelligence is the ability to adapt, correctly evaluate and adequately respond to new life situations. The aim of this work was to assess the impact of social intelligence on the adaptation of labor migrants from Central Asian countries in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the study, the following patterns were found: the higher the level of social intelligence, the less often respondents lost their jobs during the pandemic; were more likely to maintain or increase their income levels; more often transferred money to their homeland; there were fewer conflicts in the immediate environment of the migrant. During the pandemic, migrant phobia among the local population increased in Russia, but respondents with average and above average social intelligence did not notice a change in the attitude of local residents towards themselves. The results obtained prove that labor migrants with average and above average social intelligence are better adapted to the conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic than migrants with below average social intelligence.","PeriodicalId":42898,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal-Siberian Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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