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DESIGUALDAD SALARIAL ENTRE TRABAJADORES CON Y SIN DISCAPACIDAD EN MÉXICO, ¿DISCRIMINACIÓN O MENOR PRODUCTIVIDAD? 墨西哥残疾工人和非残疾工人之间的工资不平等,歧视还是生产率下降?
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.29105/ENSAYOS39.2-4
Reyna Elizabeth Rodríguez Pérez, Felipe De Jesus García Alvarado
El objetivo es determinar la existencia de una brecha salarial entre trabajadores con y sin discapacidad en Mexico, a su vez, en que medida tal disparidad se explica por factores relacionados al capital humano, con los datos de Censos de Poblacion y Vivienda de 2000 y 2010, y la metodologia de Firpo, Lemieux y Fortin (2011). Los resultados muestran la existencia de una brecha salarial y esta, a pesar de presentar una disminucion a lo largo de la decada, se debe en mayor medida al incremento asociado a los factores no relacionados con la productividad, exceptuando el decil mas bajo y mas alto. Salary Inequality Among Workers with and without Disabilities in Mexico, Discrimination or Lower Productivity? The objective is to determine the existence of a wage gap between workers with and without disabilities in Mexico, in turn, to what extent this disparity is explained by factors related to human capital, with data from Population and Housing Census of 2000 and 2010, and the Firpo, Lemieux y Fortin methodology (2011). The results show the existence of a wage gap and this, despite presenting a decrease throughout the decade, is due to a greater extent to the increase associated with factors not related to productivity, except for the lowest and highest decile.
目标是确定存在的工人之间的工资差距和无残疾是在墨西哥,反过来,到什么程度,这种差别说明由于人力资本相关因素、人口和住房普查数据,2000年至2010年,和Firpo metodologia Lemieux和Fortin(2011年)。本研究的目的是分析在墨西哥和拉丁美洲进行的一项研究,该研究的主要目的是分析在墨西哥和拉丁美洲进行的一项研究的结果,该研究的目的是分析在墨西哥和拉丁美洲进行的一项研究的结果,该研究的目的是分析在墨西哥和拉丁美洲进行的一项研究的结果。墨西哥有残疾和无残疾工人的工资不平等、歧视还是低生产力?The目标是确定制品paulien gap between工作者with and without in Mexico, in turn to what涵盖面解释说此disparity by factors related to human capital, with data from 2000年和2010年人口和住房普查,and The Firpo, Fortin Lemieux和方法(2011年)。结果显示存在工资差距,尽管在这十年中工资差距有所缩小,但这是由于除最低十分位数和最高十分位数外,与生产率无关的因素增加幅度较大。
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引用次数: 0
LA APERTURA COMERCIAL DE LOS PRODUCTOS CULTURALES DE MÉXICO (2008-2017) 墨西哥文化产品贸易开放(2008-2017)
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.29105/ENSAYOS39.2-1
Pablo Sigfrido Corte Cruz
Este trabajo analiza el grado de participacion comercial de los bienes culturales de Mexico a partir de la Condicion Marshall-Lerner. Se considera un modelo de serie de tiempo, en el cual se pueda detectar el papel del tipo de cambio real en la exportacion e importacion de los productos culturales, a partir de los datos del Sistema de Cuentas Satelitales de Cultura, que publica el Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI). Los resultados senalan que la balanza comercial de cultura es inelastica; esto implica la demanda interna de productos similares provenientes del exterior, principalmente, de Estados Unidos. Si bien hay un alto grado de apertura comercial, esto no se refleja en el sector de la cultura. Se concluye que, a pesar de la apertura comercial, la influencia cultural de Mexico es minima. The Trade Openness of Cultural Products of Mexico (2008-2017) This paper analyzes the degree of commercial participation of the cultural goods of Mexico from the Marshall-Lerner’s Condition. I use a model of time series, in which the role of the real exchange rate in the export and import of cultural products can be detected, based on data from the System of Cultural Satellite Accounts, published by the Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI). The results indicate that the trade balance of culture is inelastic; this implies the role of domestic demand for similar products from abroad, mainly from the United States. While there is a high degree of trade openness, this is not reflected in the culture sector. In conclusion, despite the trade opening, the cultural influence of Mexico is minimal.
在这一时期,墨西哥文化遗产的商业参与程度有所下降,但在此期间,墨西哥文化遗产的商业参与程度有所下降,而在此期间,墨西哥文化遗产的商业参与程度有所下降。被看作是若干时间,该模型能检测到实际汇率的作用在exportacion和东西文化产品,从数据的卫星账户体系,文化出版Nacional de Estadistica和Geografia(地理研究所)。结果表明,文化贸易平衡是无弹性的;这意味着国内对来自国外(主要是美国)的类似产品的需求。虽然贸易开放程度很高,但这并没有反映在文化部门。本研究的目的是分析墨西哥的文化影响,并确定墨西哥的文化影响。墨西哥文化产品贸易的开放性(2008-2017)本文分析了从马歇尔-勒纳的情况来看,墨西哥文化产品贸易参与的程度。我使用了一个时间序列模型,根据国家统计和地理研究所(国家统计和地理研究所)发表的文化卫星核算系统的数据,可以确定实际汇率对文化产品进出口的作用。结果表明,文化贸易平衡是不弹性的;这涉及到国内对国外(主要是美国)同类产品需求的作用。虽然贸易开放程度很高,但这并没有反映在文化部门。总之,尽管贸易开放,墨西哥的文化影响很小。
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引用次数: 1
Inflation Dynamics in the ABC (Argentina, Brazil and Chile) countries ABC国家(阿根廷、巴西和智利)的通货膨胀动态
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-10-07 DOI: 10.46553/ensayos.3.2.2020.p77-99
Fernando Zarzosa Valdivia
This research analyses the inertia and persistence of headline and sectoral inflation for Argentina (two periods), Brazil and Chile using seasonal fractional integrated autoregressive moving average (S-ARFIMA model). Measuring inertia by the sum of the autoregressive coefficients, there is evidence of: (i) headline, clothing, health, housing and miscellaneous inertial inflation larger in Argentina (second period) than in Chile and Brazil, (ii) inertial inflation of food and beverages is larger for Chile than for Argentina (second period) and Brazil, and (iii) inertial inflation of education larger in Brazil than in Chile, which in turn is larger than in Argentina (second period). Measuring persistence by the size of the fractionally integrated coefficient, our results suggest long-memory or long-dependence of Brazilian headline, clothing and health inflation, and Chilean alcoholic beverages. We show also that the quarter-life of headline inflation occurs in 20, 3 and 15 months in Argentina (second period), Brazil and Chile, while its half-life takes 29, 15 and 13 months, respectively.
本研究使用季节分数积分自回归移动平均(S-ARFIMA模型)分析了阿根廷(两个时期)、巴西和智利的总体和部门通胀的惯性和持续性。通过自回归系数的总和衡量惯性,有证据表明:(i)阿根廷(第二期)的标题、服装、健康、住房和各种惯性通货膨胀大于智利和巴西,(ii)智利的食品和饮料惯性通货膨胀大于阿根廷(第二期)和巴西,以及(iii)巴西的教育惯性通货膨胀大于智利,智利又大于阿根廷(第二期)。通过分数积分系数的大小测量持久性,我们的结果表明巴西标题、服装和健康通胀以及智利酒精饮料具有长期记忆或长期依赖性。我们还表明,在阿根廷(第二阶段)、巴西和智利,总体通胀的四分之一寿命分别为20个月、3个月和15个月,而半衰期分别为29个月、15个月和13个月。
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引用次数: 0
20 años de control de fusiones y adquisiciones en Argentina (1999-2019): Indicadores de desempeño 阿根廷20年并购控制(1999-2019):绩效指标
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-10-07 DOI: 10.46553/ensayos.3.2.2020.p1-36
Juliana Cardinale, D. Petrecolla, C. A. Romero
This paper presents a statistical analysis of the mergers and acquisitions (M&A) evaluated by the Argentinean competition authority, from 1999 to 2019. In particular, we analyze the evolution of the quantity of cases using different classifications and cross checks in accordance with the nature of the operations (horizontal, vertical, conglomerate), the result of the evaluation (authorization, its denial or conditioning), the economic sector affected and the duration of the procedures. The analysis developed allows us to obtain quantitative indicators of the merger control and produces results and conclusions useful, both from the perspective of firms planning operations in Argentina and for the performance evaluation and design of public policies.
本文对1999年至2019年阿根廷竞争管理局评估的并购(M&A)进行了统计分析。特别是,我们根据业务的性质(横向、纵向、综合)、评估的结果(授权、拒绝或限制)、受影响的经济部门和程序的持续时间,使用不同的分类和交叉检查来分析案例数量的演变。所进行的分析使我们能够获得合并控制的定量指标,并从公司在阿根廷规划业务的角度以及对公共政策的绩效评估和设计的角度得出有用的结果和结论。
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引用次数: 0
Green-bricks: An empirical approach of shocks in soybean prices to residential building in Rosario, Argentina 绿砖:大豆价格冲击对阿根廷罗萨里奥住宅建筑的实证分析
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.46553/ensayos.3.2.2020.p101-128
Federico Accursi
Shocks in commodity prices affect developing countries not only on their macroeconomic aggregates, but also on specific industries. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of international soybean prices on the construction activity in Rosario, epicenter of the most fertile area in Argentina, a major soybean producer. VAR methodology is used and accounts for a positive effect in the period 1994-2018. The time path of the effect would be along the first year and a half, when the elasticity of a transitory impulse in soybean prices ranges between 0.69 a 0.96.
商品价格的冲击不仅影响到发展中国家的宏观经济总量,而且也影响到具体的工业。本文的目的是研究国际大豆价格对罗萨里奥建设活动的影响,罗萨里奥是阿根廷最肥沃地区的中心,是一个主要的大豆生产国。使用VAR方法,并说明1994-2018年期间的积极影响。这种效应的时间路径将是在第一年半,大豆价格的短暂波动弹性在0.69到0.96之间。
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引用次数: 0
Noise pollution and housing markets: A spatial hedonic analysis for La Plata City 噪音污染与住宅市场:拉普拉塔市的空间特征分析
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.46553/ensayos.3.2.2020.p129-152
Juan Ignacio Zoloa
Several cities around the world are affected by high levels of noise pollution. In fact, noise pollution is one of the main problems affecting the quality of life in cities. In this sense, noise, understood as an environmental stressor, can cause significant health problems, including sleep and learning disorders, memory troubles, lack of motivation and increase in irritability and aggressiveness. This work analyzes the value that individuals place on living in quieter areas. Using hedonic price models, we obtained an accurate assessment of the marginal willingness to pay of individuals to reduce noise pollution. The main result highlight the relevance of this topic: a buyer is willing to pay around 1.9% less for each decibel of noise around the house. Such result is especially relevant in the design of noise mitigation policies, as it determines whether the benefits of the policies designed to reduce noise pollution exceed their implementation costs.
世界上有几个城市受到高水平噪音污染的影响。事实上,噪音污染是影响城市生活质量的主要问题之一。从这个意义上说,噪音被理解为一种环境压力源,会导致严重的健康问题,包括睡眠和学习障碍、记忆问题、缺乏动力以及易怒和攻击性的增加。这项工作分析了个人对生活在安静地区的重视。使用特征价格模型,我们获得了对个人减少噪音污染的边际支付意愿的准确评估。主要结果突出了这个话题的相关性:买家愿意为房子周围每分贝的噪音少支付1.9%左右。这一结果与噪音缓解政策的设计尤其相关,因为它决定了旨在减少噪音污染的政策的效益是否超过了其实施成本。
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引用次数: 0
Bilingual cognitive and language development in the early years 幼儿时期的双语认知和语言发展
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-07-25 DOI: 10.18239/ensayos.v35i1.2270
Marina Castey Moreno, Jesús Paz-Albo
: This article offers an examination of how learning two languages from an early age may be an asset to children’s development. Although discourses on language learning development are not new, it is crucial to understand the benefits of being bilingual from a very early age. At the interface of bilingual development, the present review article provides a summary of the knowledge gained by science into the effects on children’s cognitive development during the language acquisition process. Results from this review suggest that bilingual children enjoy cognitive gains which are critical for students’ success but there are some challenges that can be addressed to further enhance bilingual children’s learning. Rather than causing any kind of delay, being bilingual improves cognitive skills and more research on early childhood bilingualism must be further developed.
这篇文章提供了一个关于从小学习两种语言如何对儿童发展有益的研究。虽然关于语言学习发展的讨论并不新鲜,但从很小的时候就了解双语的好处是至关重要的。本文从双语发展的角度,对语言习得过程中儿童认知发展的影响进行了综述。这篇综述的结果表明,双语儿童的认知能力提高对学生的成功至关重要,但仍存在一些挑战,可以进一步提高双语儿童的学习。双语不仅不会造成任何形式的延迟,还能提高认知技能,必须进一步开展更多关于幼儿双语的研究。
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引用次数: 1
Aplicaciones Educativas en Educación Superior. Estudio sobre su uso en estudiantes y docentes 高等教育中的教育应用。研究它在学生和教师中的应用
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-07-25 DOI: 10.18239/ensayos.v35i1.1929
Irina Salcines-Talledo, N. González-Fernández
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引用次数: 0
Ensenada en el Bachillerato: territorio, población y poblamiento en el Reino de Córdoba a mediados del Setecientos 在这篇文章中,我们将介绍一些关于这个主题的文章,这些文章将在我们的网站上发表。
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18239/ensayos.v35i1.2272
Mª Soledad Gómez Navarro
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引用次数: 0
Escala Breve de Ansiedad ante la Evaluación Académica (EBAEA-3) 学术评估焦虑量表(EBAEA-3)
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18239/ensayos.v35i1.2291
Dolores Frias-Navarro, Marcos Pascual-Soler, Eva Broseta-Aguilar, Hector Monterde-i-Bort, José Soriano-Pastor, Joana Fornés-Vives, María del Castillo Fuentes-Durán, F. García-Pérez, Laura Dolz-Serra, Ana D'Ocón-Gimenez
espanolLos objetivos: analizar las propiedades psicometricas de una escala breve de ansiedad ante la evaluacion academica y comprobar si hay diferencias entre los alumnos que cursan una materia del area de metodologia o de otras areas. La muestra esta formada por 404 alumnos de Psicologia (M = 21.03 anos, DT = 5.45). El 56.4% reciben formacion en metodologia y el 43.6% en otras areas. Los resultados senalan que los estudiantes que reciben formacion en materias metodologicas informan de un mayor grado de ansiedad ante la evaluacion y perciben que tienen menor autoeficacia. Las implicaciones de los hallazgos estan vinculadas con la ensenanza de los contenidos de metodologia y alerta a los docentes sobre la necesidad de actuar para controlar esas percepciones EnglishThe objectives: to analyze the psychometric properties of a brief scale of pre-test anxiety and discover whether there are differences between students taking subjects in the area of methodology or in other areas. The sample is composed of 404 Psychology students (M = 21.03 years, SD = 5.45). Of them, 56.4% receive training in methodology and 43.6% in other areas. The results show that the students who receive training in methodological subjects report a greater degree of pre-test anxiety and perceive themselves as having less self-efficacy. The implications of the findings are linked to the teaching of the methodology contents, and they warn professors about the need to take steps to control these perceptions
目标西班牙人:分析短期焦虑量表在学业评估中的心理特征,并检查在方法学或其他领域学习一门学科的学生之间是否存在差异。该样本由404名心理学学生(M=21.03岁,DT=5.45岁)组成。56.4%接受方法培训,43.6%接受其他领域的培训。结果表明,接受方法学科目培训的学生对评估的焦虑程度更高,并认为他们的自我效能感较低。这些发现的意义与方法学内容的教学有关,并警告教师有必要采取行动控制这些英语感知。目标:分析测试前焦虑简易量表的心理特征,并发现在方法学领域或其他领域接受主题的学生之间是否存在差异。样本由404名心理学学生(M=21.03岁,SD=5.45)组成。其中56.4%接受方法培训,43.6%接受其他领域的培训。结果表明,接受方法学科目培训的学生报告说,考试前焦虑程度更高,并认为自己的自我效能感较低。研究结果的影响与方法学内容的教学有关,他们警告教授有必要采取步骤控制这些看法
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引用次数: 0
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Ensayos-Revista de la Facultad de Educacion de Albacete
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