Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53048
Joanna Olędzka, Wojciech Kopacz, Barbara Kruczyk, Mateusz Piętak, Monika Stradczuk, Zuzanna Czach, Dominika Bachurska, Barbara Rękas, Wojciech Mazurek
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) remains a significant clinical challenge in otorhinolaryngology, characterized by prolonged inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid space, accompanied by a perforated tympanic membrane and persistent discharge for a minimum of two weeks. Despite its often viral origin, bacterial colonization is common, with frequent involvement of pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. CSOM affects over 300 million individuals worldwide, primarily in low socio-economic communities, and is prevalent among children due to acute otitis media (AOM) or congenital disorders. In adults, it is often associated with conditions such as cholesteatoma or polyps. Approximately 60% of CSOM patients suffer from conductive hearing loss, which can impair speech development in children. This review discusses the etiological factors, associated complications, and treatment options for CSOM, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis and comprehensive management, including potential surgical interventions. The persistent and recurrent nature of AOM, anatomical abnormalities, presence of polyps, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and cholesteatoma are highlighted as significant contributors to the development and perpetuation of CSOM. To complete discussion, there is a brief review of management in recovery after elaborated conditions with special regards to returning to physical activities.
{"title":"Chronic suppurative otitis media – comorbidities, management and return to sports activities","authors":"Joanna Olędzka, Wojciech Kopacz, Barbara Kruczyk, Mateusz Piętak, Monika Stradczuk, Zuzanna Czach, Dominika Bachurska, Barbara Rękas, Wojciech Mazurek","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53048","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) remains a significant clinical challenge in otorhinolaryngology, characterized by prolonged inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid space, accompanied by a perforated tympanic membrane and persistent discharge for a minimum of two weeks. Despite its often viral origin, bacterial colonization is common, with frequent involvement of pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. CSOM affects over 300 million individuals worldwide, primarily in low socio-economic communities, and is prevalent among children due to acute otitis media (AOM) or congenital disorders. In adults, it is often associated with conditions such as cholesteatoma or polyps. Approximately 60% of CSOM patients suffer from conductive hearing loss, which can impair speech development in children. This review discusses the etiological factors, associated complications, and treatment options for CSOM, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis and comprehensive management, including potential surgical interventions. The persistent and recurrent nature of AOM, anatomical abnormalities, presence of polyps, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and cholesteatoma are highlighted as significant contributors to the development and perpetuation of CSOM. To complete discussion, there is a brief review of management in recovery after elaborated conditions with special regards to returning to physical activities.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53021
Alicja Chrościcka, Kamil Gała, Andrzej Czajka, Paweł Lenard, Adam Kucharski, Sara Michalska, Konrad Pilarski, Martyna Dewicka, Alicja Maria Wawrzyniak, Rafał Makuch
Introduction Palliative care is a medical field focused on enhancing the quality of life for terminally ill patients rather than curing their disease. It involves a multidisciplinary team that aims to improve patients' well-being, manage pain, alleviate other physical symptoms, and ease mental suffering. The purpose of this work is to show how much rehabilitation is important for palliative patients and improves the quality of life. State of Knowledge The article contains different types of rehabilitation that seem to be useful in daily challenges of palliative patients. Chosen types of rehabilitation are: physical, pulmonary, speech and language and psychosocial. Material and methodsThe method obtaining the data is based on medical reviews including WHO reports about rehabilitation and palliative care showing what is a relationship between them. Summary All of the studies and reviews showed a strong relationship between each type of rehabilitation and improvement of quality of life of palliative patients. Each type of rehabilitation touches different areas of struggle for palliative patients as mobility, pain, communication with surrounding, anxiety, stress and social exclusion.
{"title":"Rehabilitation as a relevant factor in improvement of the quality of life in palliative patients","authors":"Alicja Chrościcka, Kamil Gała, Andrzej Czajka, Paweł Lenard, Adam Kucharski, Sara Michalska, Konrad Pilarski, Martyna Dewicka, Alicja Maria Wawrzyniak, Rafał Makuch","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Palliative care is a medical field focused on enhancing the quality of life for terminally ill patients rather than curing their disease. It involves a multidisciplinary team that aims to improve patients' well-being, manage pain, alleviate other physical symptoms, and ease mental suffering. The purpose of this work is to show how much rehabilitation is important for palliative patients and improves the quality of life. \u0000State of Knowledge \u0000The article contains different types of rehabilitation that seem to be useful in daily challenges of palliative patients. Chosen types of rehabilitation are: physical, pulmonary, speech and language and psychosocial. \u0000Material and methodsThe method obtaining the data is based on medical reviews including WHO reports about rehabilitation and palliative care showing what is a relationship between them. \u0000Summary \u0000All of the studies and reviews showed a strong relationship between each type of rehabilitation and improvement of quality of life of palliative patients. Each type of rehabilitation touches different areas of struggle for palliative patients as mobility, pain, communication with surrounding, anxiety, stress and social exclusion.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.52985
Kamil Gała, Konrad Pilarski, Adam Kucharski, Rafał Makuch, Alicja Chrościcka, Andrzej Czajka, Paweł Lenard, Sara Michalska, Martyna Dewicka, Alicja Maria Wawrzyniak
Introduction and objectives: Diabetes is a group of diseases that is currently estimated to affect approximately 537 million adults worldwide. Diabetes can develop due to many factors, including autoimmunity, genetics and insulin resistance. The presented article will discuss the type of monogenic diabetes - maturity onset diabetes in young. This is a relatively rare form of diabetes, affecting no more than 5% of patients with the disease, but it is important to correctly differentiate it and implement appropriate therapy to prevent the development of complications. In addition, the article discusses a group of antidiabetic drugs - sulfonylurea derivatives, which are widely used in diabetic patients.Review and methods: Review and summary of studies and scientific articles avaliable in open-source format on Google Scholar and PubMed.Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge: The diagnosis of MODY diabetes is more extensive than that of the most common types in the population - type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Individual forms of MODY diabetes differ in the location of the mutation in the genome. As a result, the MODY group is heterogeneous, with individuals differing in the severity of symptoms, the treatment used and the presence of developmental abnormalities affecting various organ systems.Sulfonylurea derivatives are a group of drugs that have been used to treat diabetes since the mid-20th century. Their mechanism of action is to stimulate insulin secretion, so it is necessary to preserve at least some of the function of the beta cells in the pancreatic islets when using them. Summary: A collection of information on MODY diabetes is presented based on a review of research and scientific articles. In addition, the section on sulfonylureas provides an overview of first- and second-generation drugs and compares them. The article also highlights the important role of physical activity in managing diabetes and preventing complications.
{"title":"From Diagnosis to Lifestyle The Impact of Sports on MODY Diabetes Management","authors":"Kamil Gała, Konrad Pilarski, Adam Kucharski, Rafał Makuch, Alicja Chrościcka, Andrzej Czajka, Paweł Lenard, Sara Michalska, Martyna Dewicka, Alicja Maria Wawrzyniak","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.52985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.52985","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objectives: Diabetes is a group of diseases that is currently estimated to affect approximately 537 million adults worldwide. Diabetes can develop due to many factors, including autoimmunity, genetics and insulin resistance. The presented article will discuss the type of monogenic diabetes - maturity onset diabetes in young. This is a relatively rare form of diabetes, affecting no more than 5% of patients with the disease, but it is important to correctly differentiate it and implement appropriate therapy to prevent the development of complications. In addition, the article discusses a group of antidiabetic drugs - sulfonylurea derivatives, which are widely used in diabetic patients.Review and methods: Review and summary of studies and scientific articles avaliable in open-source format on Google Scholar and PubMed.Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge: The diagnosis of MODY diabetes is more extensive than that of the most common types in the population - type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Individual forms of MODY diabetes differ in the location of the mutation in the genome. As a result, the MODY group is heterogeneous, with individuals differing in the severity of symptoms, the treatment used and the presence of developmental abnormalities affecting various organ systems.Sulfonylurea derivatives are a group of drugs that have been used to treat diabetes since the mid-20th century. Their mechanism of action is to stimulate insulin secretion, so it is necessary to preserve at least some of the function of the beta cells in the pancreatic islets when using them. Summary: A collection of information on MODY diabetes is presented based on a review of research and scientific articles. In addition, the section on sulfonylureas provides an overview of first- and second-generation drugs and compares them. The article also highlights the important role of physical activity in managing diabetes and preventing complications.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53077
Agnieszka Kuzio, Aleksandra Cieplińska, Kinga Ziojła-Lisowska
Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with complex pathogenesis. Its causes are considered to be genetic, biological, epigenetic, environmental, developmental and behavioral factors leading to excessive caloric intake and, consequently, weight gain. As body weight increases, the risk of developing many chronic diseases increases and, as a result, life expectancy decreases. The basis of obesity treatment is the introduction of changes in behavior and lifestyle modification, based primarily on the adoption of a healthy, balanced diet with a caloric deficit, regular physical activity and limiting sedentary time. If they are ineffective, pharmacological methods are considered and, if necessary, surgical procedures are performed. Nowadays, more and more attention is paid to obesity as a multifactorial disease that must be effectively treated. It is not only an aesthetic problem but also a serious disease that can lead to premature death. Our work focuses on a review of current methods in the treatment of obesity, with particular attention to the latest pharmacological methods.
{"title":"Antidiabetic drugs as the future of obesity treatment","authors":"Agnieszka Kuzio, Aleksandra Cieplińska, Kinga Ziojła-Lisowska","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53077","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with complex pathogenesis. Its causes are considered to be genetic, biological, epigenetic, environmental, developmental and behavioral factors leading to excessive caloric intake and, consequently, weight gain. As body weight increases, the risk of developing many chronic diseases increases and, as a result, life expectancy decreases. The basis of obesity treatment is the introduction of changes in behavior and lifestyle modification, based primarily on the adoption of a healthy, balanced diet with a caloric deficit, regular physical activity and limiting sedentary time. If they are ineffective, pharmacological methods are considered and, if necessary, surgical procedures are performed. Nowadays, more and more attention is paid to obesity as a multifactorial disease that must be effectively treated. It is not only an aesthetic problem but also a serious disease that can lead to premature death. Our work focuses on a review of current methods in the treatment of obesity, with particular attention to the latest pharmacological methods.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53026
Urszula Fenrych, Julia Lipska, Laura Hamerska, Julia Hamerska, Bogumił Bocianiak, Joanna Antczak, Anna Kajka, Karolina Wojtczak, Olga Skupińska, Damian Ruta
Anaesthesiologists are responsible for procedures performed in a multidisciplinary team. The complexity of procedures, the burden of responsibility, time pressure, efficiency demands, psychological and physiological limitations, the necessity for quick and accurate decision-making, and many other challenges pose a risk of error. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of human factors in the occurrence of errors during anaesthesia procedures, as well as to identify strategies, which implementation into the training process and clinical practice of anaesthesia could support the safety of the therapeutic process. This paper discusses selected issues that, in our opinion, should be a permanent element of training and periodic qualification improvement among anesthesia team members.
{"title":"Safety training – crucial in anaesthesiology education","authors":"Urszula Fenrych, Julia Lipska, Laura Hamerska, Julia Hamerska, Bogumił Bocianiak, Joanna Antczak, Anna Kajka, Karolina Wojtczak, Olga Skupińska, Damian Ruta","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53026","url":null,"abstract":"Anaesthesiologists are responsible for procedures performed in a multidisciplinary team. The complexity of procedures, the burden of responsibility, time pressure, efficiency demands, psychological and physiological limitations, the necessity for quick and accurate decision-making, and many other challenges pose a risk of error. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of human factors in the occurrence of errors during anaesthesia procedures, as well as to identify strategies, which implementation into the training process and clinical practice of anaesthesia could support the safety of the therapeutic process. This paper discusses selected issues that, in our opinion, should be a permanent element of training and periodic qualification improvement among anesthesia team members.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53057
Barbara Serkis, Zuzanna Bentkowska, Małgorzata Miazga, Magdalena Celichowska, Aleksandra Bogoń, Jagna Golemo, Izabela Kałuża, Justyna Szpyra, Julia Dębińska, Gabriela Dziuba
Introduction: Infertility is a reproductive health issue where the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse affects about 8 to 12% of couples of reproductive age. Factors such as diet, lifestyle, and exposure to toxins can negatively impact men's reproductive capacity, including semen parameters and gonadal function. The impact of diet on male fertility, including hormone levels and the process of spermatogenesis, is the subject of intense research. Aim of the Study: This study aims to review current scientific research on the impact of diet on male fertility to provide updated knowledge on this topic, essential for preventive and therapeutic actions in this field. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive review of scientific and medical literature was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The search terms included: impact of diet on male fertility, impact of diet on semen parameters, impact of diet on semen quality, male fertility, diet and male fertility, types of diets and fertility. Conclusion: Diet plays a crucial role in male fertility, affecting semen quality. It is recommended to consume meat in moderation, especially organic, and to increase the intake of fish rich in omega-3 while avoiding contaminants. Regular consumption of fruits, vegetables, and grains improves semen parameters, while limiting sweets, sugary drinks, and alcohol, as well as quitting smoking, is beneficial for reproductive health. Men planning fatherhood should also consider reducing cannabis use. Future research should focus on the impact of individual dietary factors on male fertility.
{"title":"The Impact of Diet on Male Fertility","authors":"Barbara Serkis, Zuzanna Bentkowska, Małgorzata Miazga, Magdalena Celichowska, Aleksandra Bogoń, Jagna Golemo, Izabela Kałuża, Justyna Szpyra, Julia Dębińska, Gabriela Dziuba","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53057","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\u0000Infertility is a reproductive health issue where the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse affects about 8 to 12% of couples of reproductive age. Factors such as diet, lifestyle, and exposure to toxins can negatively impact men's reproductive capacity, including semen parameters and gonadal function. The impact of diet on male fertility, including hormone levels and the process of spermatogenesis, is the subject of intense research.\u0000Aim of the Study:\u0000This study aims to review current scientific research on the impact of diet on male fertility to provide updated knowledge on this topic, essential for preventive and therapeutic actions in this field.\u0000Materials and Methods:\u0000A comprehensive review of scientific and medical literature was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The search terms included: impact of diet on male fertility, impact of diet on semen parameters, impact of diet on semen quality, male fertility, diet and male fertility, types of diets and fertility.\u0000Conclusion:\u0000Diet plays a crucial role in male fertility, affecting semen quality. It is recommended to consume meat in moderation, especially organic, and to increase the intake of fish rich in omega-3 while avoiding contaminants. Regular consumption of fruits, vegetables, and grains improves semen parameters, while limiting sweets, sugary drinks, and alcohol, as well as quitting smoking, is beneficial for reproductive health. Men planning fatherhood should also consider reducing cannabis use. Future research should focus on the impact of individual dietary factors on male fertility.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53050
Julita Gmitrzuk, Maciej Karasiński, Zuzanna Malinka, Katarzyna Wiśniewska, Anna Jachymek, Martyna Opatowska, Joanna Jakubiec, Tomasz Kucharski
Introduction: Sleep disorders, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and other sleep disorders, are increasingly recognized as important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary artery disease. This review aims to analyze the current literature on the impact of sleep disorders on cardiovascular health, focusing on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The results highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders to reduce cardiovascular risk. Aim of the Study: The main objective of this study is to review and summarize recent findings on the relationship between sleep disorders and cardiovascular diseases, with a particular focus on hypertension and coronary artery disease. This study aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms linking these conditions and to evaluate the effectiveness of current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Materials and Methods: This review was conducted by searching PubMed for articles published in the last ten years (2014-2024) using keywords such as „insomnia”, „obstructive sleep apnea”, „hypertension”, „coronary heart disease”, „polysomnography”. Conclusions: The evidence reviewed in this article suggests that sleep disorders are important and independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea and other sleep disorders contribute to cardiovascular morbidity through mechanisms such as increased sympathetic activity, systemic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. Effective diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders, including the use of CPAP therapy for obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, can mitigate these risks and improve cardiovascular outcomes.
{"title":"Effects of sleep and insomnia on cardiovascular disease - literature review","authors":"Julita Gmitrzuk, Maciej Karasiński, Zuzanna Malinka, Katarzyna Wiśniewska, Anna Jachymek, Martyna Opatowska, Joanna Jakubiec, Tomasz Kucharski","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53050","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \u0000Sleep disorders, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and other sleep disorders, are increasingly recognized as important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary artery disease. This review aims to analyze the current literature on the impact of sleep disorders on cardiovascular health, focusing on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The results highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders to reduce cardiovascular risk. \u0000Aim of the Study: \u0000The main objective of this study is to review and summarize recent findings on the relationship between sleep disorders and cardiovascular diseases, with a particular focus on hypertension and coronary artery disease. This study aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms linking these conditions and to evaluate the effectiveness of current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. \u0000Materials and Methods: \u0000This review was conducted by searching PubMed for articles published in the last ten years (2014-2024) using keywords such as „insomnia”, „obstructive sleep apnea”, „hypertension”, „coronary heart disease”, „polysomnography”. \u0000Conclusions: \u0000The evidence reviewed in this article suggests that sleep disorders are important and independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea and other sleep disorders contribute to cardiovascular morbidity through mechanisms such as increased sympathetic activity, systemic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. Effective diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders, including the use of CPAP therapy for obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, can mitigate these risks and improve cardiovascular outcomes.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53121
Magdalena Celichowska, Zuzanna Bentkowska, Aleksandra Bogoń, Justyna Szpyra, Gabriela Dziuba, Barbara Serkis, Julia Dębińska, Izabela Kałuża, Jagna Golemo, Małgorzata Miazga
Introduction and purpose: Autoimmune diseases are conditions where the body’s immune system is unable to distinguish between auto- and foreign antigens and mistakenly attacks its cells, tissues, and organs. In recent years it became major public health concern because of the increasing diagnosis rate. Currently, about 5% of the population in Western countries is affected by such diseases, more often in women population. The exact cause of autoimmune diseases is unknown, although most probably it results from a combination of genetic predisposition, environmental risk factors and immune dysregulation. Development of autoantigen-specific lymphocytes and autoantibodies might be decisive in starting the process of autoimmunity. Most common medication used in autoimmune diseases treatment are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSADs), glucocorticoids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Additionally, there is biological medication available for many of them. It is known that non-pharmacological interventions, such as specific diets, supplementation or physical exercise is useful to mitigate the disease or even to prevent the body from its onset. Materials and methods: The data for the article was found using the PubMed and Google Scholar websites. The key words used for the search included: ‘diet and autoimmunity’, ‘autoimmunity and estrogens’, ‘microbiota and autoimmunity’. Articles not written in English, conference abstracts only and duplicated papers were excluded. Conclusions: There is still no cure for autoimmune diseases, although various prevention and mitigation strategies can help manage these conditions and improve quality of life for affected individuals. However, for the use of some of them, evidence-based recommendations are not available. This review highlights current non-pharmacological therapeutic options.
简介和目的：自身免疫性疾病是指人体免疫系统无法区分自身抗原和外来抗原，错误地攻击自身细胞、组织和器官的疾病。近年来，由于确诊率不断上升，自身免疫性疾病已成为公众关注的主要健康问题。目前，西方国家约有 5%的人口受到此类疾病的影响，其中以女性居多。自身免疫性疾病的确切病因尚不清楚，但很可能是遗传易感性、环境风险因素和免疫调节失调共同作用的结果。自身抗原特异性淋巴细胞和自身抗体的产生可能是自身免疫过程开始的决定性因素。治疗自身免疫性疾病的常用药物有非甾体抗炎药（NSADs）、糖皮质激素、改善病情抗风湿药（DMARDs）。此外，还有生物药物可用于治疗其中的许多疾病。众所周知，非药物干预措施，如特定饮食、补充剂或体育锻炼，可减轻疾病，甚至从发病时就预防疾病。材料和方法：文章数据通过 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 网站查找。搜索关键词包括饮食与自身免疫"、"自身免疫与雌激素"、"微生物群与自身免疫"。非英文文章、会议摘要和重复论文均被排除在外。结论虽然各种预防和缓解策略有助于控制这些疾病并改善患者的生活质量，但目前仍无法治愈自身免疫性疾病。然而，对于其中一些策略的使用，目前还没有基于证据的建议。本综述重点介绍了目前的非药物治疗方案。
{"title":"Methods of Prevention and Mitigation of Autoimmune Diseases - A Review of The Literature","authors":"Magdalena Celichowska, Zuzanna Bentkowska, Aleksandra Bogoń, Justyna Szpyra, Gabriela Dziuba, Barbara Serkis, Julia Dębińska, Izabela Kałuża, Jagna Golemo, Małgorzata Miazga","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53121","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and purpose: Autoimmune diseases are conditions where the body’s immune system is unable to distinguish between auto- and foreign antigens and mistakenly attacks its cells, tissues, and organs. In recent years it became major public health concern because of the increasing diagnosis rate. Currently, about 5% of the population in Western countries is affected by such diseases, more often in women population. \u0000The exact cause of autoimmune diseases is unknown, although most probably it results from a combination of genetic predisposition, environmental risk factors and immune dysregulation. Development of autoantigen-specific lymphocytes and autoantibodies might be decisive in starting the process of autoimmunity. Most common medication used in autoimmune diseases treatment are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSADs), glucocorticoids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Additionally, there is biological medication available for many of them. It is known that non-pharmacological interventions, such as specific diets, supplementation or physical exercise is useful to mitigate the disease or even to prevent the body from its onset. \u0000Materials and methods: The data for the article was found using the PubMed and Google Scholar websites. The key words used for the search included: ‘diet and autoimmunity’, ‘autoimmunity and estrogens’, ‘microbiota and autoimmunity’. Articles not written in English, conference abstracts only and duplicated papers were excluded. \u0000Conclusions: There is still no cure for autoimmune diseases, although various prevention and mitigation strategies can help manage these conditions and improve quality of life for affected individuals. However, for the use of some of them, evidence-based recommendations are not available. This review highlights current non-pharmacological therapeutic options. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-20DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53102
Aleksandra Jaroń, Katarzyna Jastrzębska, Klara Wojciechowska, Monika Turek, Iwona Chaberska, Aleksandra Feruś, Julia Lipska, Karolina Piątkowska
Introduction and aim of study: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with numerous health complications, and the number of patients is steadily increasing. Pharmacological methods for treating obesity are becoming increasingly popular. This paper aims to review publications concerning the efficacy and safety profile of tirzepatide, the only dual agonist of two human incretin receptors: GLP-1 and GIP, and the latest drug used for this indication. Materials and Methods: Two databases, Pubmed and Medline, were searched using the terms "tirzepatide" and "obesity". Results: Studies indicate significant and sustained weight reduction in obese patients during tirzepatide use as a complement to lifestyle changes. The greatest average weight reduction (20.9%) was observed in patients without concomitant type II diabetes using a 15 mg dose of tirzepatide. Following an initial intensive lifestyle change, obese patients can expect further clinically significant weight loss with the addition of tirzepatide to their treatment. However, discontinuing tirzepatide after initial weight reduction is associated with significant weight regain. Furthermore, studies show that tirzepatide use results in the greatest weight reduction among available market preparations. The drug also has other health benefits, but its use is associated with numerous adverse effects, including severe ones. Conclusions: Pharmacotherapy can facilitate the process of lifestyle modification but remains a supportive treatment. During obesity treatment with tirzepatide, it is important to consider the actual health benefits and its effectiveness in weight reduction, keeping in mind its safety profile and potential risks.
{"title":"Tirzepatide - A Revolution in Obesity Treatment?","authors":"Aleksandra Jaroń, Katarzyna Jastrzębska, Klara Wojciechowska, Monika Turek, Iwona Chaberska, Aleksandra Feruś, Julia Lipska, Karolina Piątkowska","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53102","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim of study: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with numerous health complications, and the number of patients is steadily increasing. Pharmacological methods for treating obesity are becoming increasingly popular. This paper aims to review publications concerning the efficacy and safety profile of tirzepatide, the only dual agonist of two human incretin receptors: GLP-1 and GIP, and the latest drug used for this indication. \u0000 Materials and Methods: Two databases, Pubmed and Medline, were searched using the terms \"tirzepatide\" and \"obesity\". \u0000Results: Studies indicate significant and sustained weight reduction in obese patients during tirzepatide use as a complement to lifestyle changes. The greatest average weight reduction (20.9%) was observed in patients without concomitant type II diabetes using a 15 mg dose of tirzepatide. Following an initial intensive lifestyle change, obese patients can expect further clinically significant weight loss with the addition of tirzepatide to their treatment. However, discontinuing tirzepatide after initial weight reduction is associated with significant weight regain. Furthermore, studies show that tirzepatide use results in the greatest weight reduction among available market preparations. The drug also has other health benefits, but its use is associated with numerous adverse effects, including severe ones. \u0000Conclusions: Pharmacotherapy can facilitate the process of lifestyle modification but remains a supportive treatment. During obesity treatment with tirzepatide, it is important to consider the actual health benefits and its effectiveness in weight reduction, keeping in mind its safety profile and potential risks.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.12775/qs.2024.17.53095
Magdalena Kłusek, Katarzyna Chawrylak, Julia Kuszneruk, Maria Kubas, Katarzyna Krzemińska
Introduction and purposes: Severe injuries are a documented consequence of horse riding accidents. This study aims to explore the prevalence of spine injuries associated with horse riding, identify the most common types of injuries, examine mechanistic underpinnings, analyze typological manifestations, assess implicated spinal regions, investigate demographic risk factors, and examine ensuing neurological sequelae and back pain. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. The search employed terms such as 'horse riding,' 'injuries,' 'spine,' 'vertebral,' 'horse-related,' 'equestrian injuries,' 'spinal fractures,' and 'back injuries.' Articles published between 2014 and 2024 were included in the search. Results: The primary injury mechanism for horse riders is falling from a moving horse. Studies present conflicting findings on which parts of the spine are most commonly injured. Equestrian activities contribute significantly to sports-related spinal injuries, with spinal injuries ranking as the second most affected body region after head injuries among equestrians. Experienced riders tend to have fewer injuries compared to amateurs. Spine fractures are more prevalent in riders aged over 40 years, and a substantial majority (over 80%) of riders have experienced back pain at some point in their lives. Conclusion: In summary, horseback riding poses a substantial risk of spine injuries or pain. A thorough understanding of horse-related spine injury epidemiology is crucial for specific subgroups, enabling the development of preventive strategies across all levels of responsibility.
{"title":"Epidemiology and evaluation of spine injuries in equestrian sports","authors":"Magdalena Kłusek, Katarzyna Chawrylak, Julia Kuszneruk, Maria Kubas, Katarzyna Krzemińska","doi":"10.12775/qs.2024.17.53095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.17.53095","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and purposes: \u0000Severe injuries are a documented consequence of horse riding accidents. This study aims to explore the prevalence of spine injuries associated with horse riding, identify the most common types of injuries, examine mechanistic underpinnings, analyze typological manifestations, assess implicated spinal regions, investigate demographic risk factors, and examine ensuing neurological sequelae and back pain. \u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: \u0000A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. The search employed terms such as 'horse riding,' 'injuries,' 'spine,' 'vertebral,' 'horse-related,' 'equestrian injuries,' 'spinal fractures,' and 'back injuries.' Articles published between 2014 and 2024 were included in the search. \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The primary injury mechanism for horse riders is falling from a moving horse. Studies present conflicting findings on which parts of the spine are most commonly injured. Equestrian activities contribute significantly to sports-related spinal injuries, with spinal injuries ranking as the second most affected body region after head injuries among equestrians. Experienced riders tend to have fewer injuries compared to amateurs. Spine fractures are more prevalent in riders aged over 40 years, and a substantial majority (over 80%) of riders have experienced back pain at some point in their lives. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000In summary, horseback riding poses a substantial risk of spine injuries or pain. A thorough understanding of horse-related spine injury epidemiology is crucial for specific subgroups, enabling the development of preventive strategies across all levels of responsibility.","PeriodicalId":431915,"journal":{"name":"Quality in Sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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