Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(7)
Ragib Ali, Mirza Azim Beg
Abstract-The present communication attempts to evaluate the comparative Phytochemical screening and Anti-microbial activity of leaves and rhizomes of Acorus calamus Linn. (Araceae family). Acorus calamus Linn .is a well-known medicinal plant in traditional medical systems having various ethano pharmacological uses. As the official source of plant was roots and rhizomes and it had been studied extensively. Previously leaves of Acorus calamus were not regarded as useful part of plant, but now-a-days there is growing interest in leaves of this plant as there is no detailed work reported so far on its leaves. Antimicrobial activity was performed using methanolic and aqueous extract through cold percolation method against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherischia coli and Salmonella typhi. The extract was found to have positive results against all.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Anti-microbial Activity of Leaves And Rhizomes of Acorus calamus Linn.","authors":"Ragib Ali, Mirza Azim Beg","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(7)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(7)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-The present communication attempts to evaluate the comparative Phytochemical screening and Anti-microbial activity of leaves and rhizomes of Acorus calamus Linn. (Araceae family). Acorus calamus Linn .is a well-known medicinal plant in traditional medical systems having various ethano pharmacological uses. As the official source of plant was roots and rhizomes and it had been studied extensively. Previously leaves of Acorus calamus were not regarded as useful part of plant, but now-a-days there is growing interest in leaves of this plant as there is no detailed work reported so far on its leaves. Antimicrobial activity was performed using methanolic and aqueous extract through cold percolation method against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherischia coli and Salmonella typhi. The extract was found to have positive results against all.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124631385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(1)
Arushdeep Sidana, Umar Farooq, Amir Khan, Shiwani Kausal
Abstract- Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by genus Leishmania. It causes significant morbidity and mortality in the endemic areas of several developing countries. Due to multidrug resistance in Leishmania sp and unavailability of an effective vaccine, discovery of new drugs is urgently needed. The aim of the present study was screening of medicinal plants used as Indian traditional medicine for leishmanicidal activity. Promastigote forms of Leishmania parasite were cultured in-vitro in NNN medium and further sub-cultured and maintained in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% Fetal Bovine Serum for the screening of medicinal plants. A total of 26 medicinal plants were collected and screened for leishmanicidal activity. The methanolic extracts showing antileishmanial activity were subjected to LC-MS analysis to identify the major phyto-constituents in the crude methanolic extracts. The compounds were detected in the LC-MS of active extracts. The plant extract showing maximum antileishmanial activity was further fractionated to isolate the major compound(s).The compound isolated was characterised by IR, Mass spectrometry and subjected to in vitro antileishmanial activity against L. donovani promastigotes. In vitro antileishmanial assay revealed that crude methanolic extracts of 2/10 plants were active against L. donovani promastigotes. Methanolic root extracts of Inula racemosa were found active (54.83%) against the parasite while T. Terrestris were found least active with such as toxicity, percent inhibition 43.10% at concentration of 500 μg/ml. Inula racemosa methanolic extract further fractionated subjected for LC-MS analysis. The compound isolated from the methanolic root extract of I. racemosa was isoalantolactone, which did not show any antileishmanial activity against L. donovani. The study suggested that crude extract of Inula racemosa and T. Terrestris have shown potent antileishmanial activity while extracted bioactive molecules does not show efficacy against Leishmania parasite. Hence the antileishmanial activity could be due to any other compound which could not be detected, so further study is undertaken.
{"title":"Screening and Characterization of Bioactive Molecules Derived From Medicinal Plants for Antileishmanial Activities for Leishmania donovani","authors":"Arushdeep Sidana, Umar Farooq, Amir Khan, Shiwani Kausal","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(1)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(1)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract- Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by genus Leishmania. It causes significant morbidity and mortality in the endemic areas of several developing countries. Due to multidrug resistance in Leishmania sp and unavailability of an effective vaccine, discovery of new drugs is urgently needed. The aim of the present study was screening of medicinal plants used as Indian traditional medicine for leishmanicidal activity. Promastigote forms of Leishmania parasite were cultured in-vitro in NNN medium and further sub-cultured and maintained in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% Fetal Bovine Serum for the screening of medicinal plants. A total of 26 medicinal plants were collected and screened for leishmanicidal activity. The methanolic extracts showing antileishmanial activity were subjected to LC-MS analysis to identify the major phyto-constituents in the crude methanolic extracts. The compounds were detected in the LC-MS of active extracts. The plant extract showing maximum antileishmanial activity was further fractionated to isolate the major compound(s).The compound isolated was characterised by IR, Mass spectrometry and subjected to in vitro antileishmanial activity against L. donovani promastigotes. In vitro antileishmanial assay revealed that crude methanolic extracts of 2/10 plants were active against L. donovani promastigotes. Methanolic root extracts of Inula racemosa were found active (54.83%) against the parasite while T. Terrestris were found least active with such as toxicity, percent inhibition 43.10% at concentration of 500 μg/ml. Inula racemosa methanolic extract further fractionated subjected for LC-MS analysis. The compound isolated from the methanolic root extract of I. racemosa was isoalantolactone, which did not show any antileishmanial activity against L. donovani. The study suggested that crude extract of Inula racemosa and T. Terrestris have shown potent antileishmanial activity while extracted bioactive molecules does not show efficacy against Leishmania parasite. Hence the antileishmanial activity could be due to any other compound which could not be detected, so further study is undertaken.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132101625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(3)
Hritika Sinha
Abstract-India has a vast diversity of herbs. Around 3,000 years before, these herbs were acknowledged and use as medicinal plants and helpful for treating people. New scientific research has established that some plants and herbs have presence of many active compounds and possess specific pharmacological properties. Aloe vera (ghritkumari) and Piper nigrum (black pepper or maricha) are the oldest plants which are used as a medicinal herb as well as in household. Aloe vera or Ghritkumari species are currently used by cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Aloe vera has antibacterial, antiviral, and antiseptic properties which help to treat skin-related problems. Piper nigrum is a species that is used in various medications since very old times. They have also been used as domestic medicine against various infections, a quality attributable to the existence of certain chemical moieties in them. Physicochemical analysis and bioactive compound evaluation of the medicinal plants in essence ofAloe veraandPiper nigrum was undertaken in this study.In physicochemical analysis of aloe vera, many parameters were tested against pulp extract and leave extract (i.e., pulp and leave); parameters are color, odour, taste, total solid, total ash value, total dissolved solid, specific gravity, PH, refractive index. For aloin content evaluation, High-Performance Layer Chromatography techniques were used in the Aloe vera plant. In physicochemical analysis, many standardization parameters like alcohol soluble extractive values, water-soluble extractive values, loss on drying, total ash value, acid insoluble ash and total ash value of P. nigrum fruits were analysed. For phytochemical screening, following a 6-stage extraction process is performed, the extracts collected fromP.nigrum were exposed to a number of preliminary biochemical and phytochemical tests. The presence of tannins, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids wastested in the chloroform and aqueous extract which is used in the following investigation. However, from the aggregation of all our results, we concluded that the presence of these phytochemicals and bioactive component in these medicinal plants indicates potential therapeutic properties for welfare of humans.
{"title":"Aloin Content Determination In Aloe Vera With Its Physicochemical Properties Along With Its Physicochemical And Phytochemical Evaluation In Piper nigrum","authors":"Hritika Sinha","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(3)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(3)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-India has a vast diversity of herbs. Around 3,000 years before, these herbs were acknowledged and use as medicinal plants and helpful for treating people. New scientific research has established that some plants and herbs have presence of many active compounds and possess specific pharmacological properties. Aloe vera (ghritkumari) and Piper nigrum (black pepper or maricha) are the oldest plants which are used as a medicinal herb as well as in household. Aloe vera or Ghritkumari species are currently used by cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Aloe vera has antibacterial, antiviral, and antiseptic properties which help to treat skin-related problems. Piper nigrum is a species that is used in various medications since very old times. They have also been used as domestic medicine against various infections, a quality attributable to the existence of certain chemical moieties in them. Physicochemical analysis and bioactive compound evaluation of the medicinal plants in essence ofAloe veraandPiper nigrum was undertaken in this study.In physicochemical analysis of aloe vera, many parameters were tested against pulp extract and leave extract (i.e., pulp and leave); parameters are color, odour, taste, total solid, total ash value, total dissolved solid, specific gravity, PH, refractive index. For aloin content evaluation, High-Performance Layer Chromatography techniques were used in the Aloe vera plant. In physicochemical analysis, many standardization parameters like alcohol soluble extractive values, water-soluble extractive values, loss on drying, total ash value, acid insoluble ash and total ash value of P. nigrum fruits were analysed. For phytochemical screening, following a 6-stage extraction process is performed, the extracts collected fromP.nigrum were exposed to a number of preliminary biochemical and phytochemical tests. The presence of tannins, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids wastested in the chloroform and aqueous extract which is used in the following investigation. However, from the aggregation of all our results, we concluded that the presence of these phytochemicals and bioactive component in these medicinal plants indicates potential therapeutic properties for welfare of humans.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121661857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(13)
M. Maheshwari, Faizan Abul Qais, I. Ahmad, S. Farooq
Abstract-Infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of human mortality and morbidity across the globe. Among bacteria, emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally has threatens the successful treatment of infectious diseases. The continuous emergence of new types of resistant bacterial pathogens have decreased the efficacy of available antibacterial drugs. Evaluation of medicinal plants known for their biological activity against MDR bacteria is needed to explore and exploit the rich diversity of bioactive extracts of medicinal plants as an alternative antibacterial agent in combating AMR. In this study, methanolic extracts 10 medicinal plants were screened for antibacterial activity. The extracts were preliminary screened against strong biofilm forming MDR bacteria by agar well diffusion method at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL of each plant extract. The zone of inhibition was measured for the comparative analysis of their antibacterial activity. Among tested plants, Acoruscalamus exhibited considerable antibacterial activity with mean of zone of inhibitions 15.7 mm against test isolates and highest zone of inhibition was found to be against E. coli isolates ECM4 (17.6±0.57). Holarrhena antidysentrica and Hemidesmusindicus showed moderate antibacterial activity. Terminaliachebula, Punicagranatum and Plumbagozeylanica showed relatively low activity against test isolates with mean of zone of inhibitions less than 12.66 mm. The MIC of extracts ranged from 0.125 mg/mL to 4 mg/mL against test bacteria. It was found that methanolic extract of A. calamus showed considerable antibacterial activity with lowest MIC 0.125 mg/mL. MIC against ESβL producing bacterial isolates ranged from 0.125 mg/mL to 2.0 mg/mL. The findings indicated that bioactive extracts might be effective in treating infection caused by MDR bacteria.
{"title":"In Vitro Antibacterial Efficacy Of Some Ayurvedic Plants Against Biofilm Forming MDR Enteric Bacteria And GC-MS Analysis Of The Active Extract","authors":"M. Maheshwari, Faizan Abul Qais, I. Ahmad, S. Farooq","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(13)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(13)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-Infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of human mortality and morbidity across the globe. Among bacteria, emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally has threatens the successful treatment of infectious diseases. The continuous emergence of new types of resistant bacterial pathogens have decreased the efficacy of available antibacterial drugs. Evaluation of medicinal plants known for their biological activity against MDR bacteria is needed to explore and exploit the rich diversity of bioactive extracts of medicinal plants as an alternative antibacterial agent in combating AMR. In this study, methanolic extracts 10 medicinal plants were screened for antibacterial activity. The extracts were preliminary screened against strong biofilm forming MDR bacteria by agar well diffusion method at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL of each plant extract. The zone of inhibition was measured for the comparative analysis of their antibacterial activity. Among tested plants, Acoruscalamus exhibited considerable antibacterial activity with mean of zone of inhibitions 15.7 mm against test isolates and highest zone of inhibition was found to be against E. coli isolates ECM4 (17.6±0.57). Holarrhena antidysentrica and Hemidesmusindicus showed moderate antibacterial activity. Terminaliachebula, Punicagranatum and Plumbagozeylanica showed relatively low activity against test isolates with mean of zone of inhibitions less than 12.66 mm. The MIC of extracts ranged from 0.125 mg/mL to 4 mg/mL against test bacteria. It was found that methanolic extract of A. calamus showed considerable antibacterial activity with lowest MIC 0.125 mg/mL. MIC against ESβL producing bacterial isolates ranged from 0.125 mg/mL to 2.0 mg/mL. The findings indicated that bioactive extracts might be effective in treating infection caused by MDR bacteria.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115079870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(10)
S. Chhimwal, Sonakshi Chandra, N. Gupta
Abstract-Turmeric or Haldi, a spice derived from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma Longa. Curcuma longa is a member of the Zingiberaceae family or the ginger family. The bright yellow color of turmeric comes mainly from compounds known as Curcuminoids. Curcuminoid is a group of fat-soluble polyphenolic compounds includes curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcumin is the primary curcuminoid in turmeric, it has powerful anti-inflammatory effects and is a very strong antioxidant and is approximately 77% of the curcuminoid content. Turmeric is also a source of polyphenols, which is a category of plant compounds that offers various health benefits. They can act as antioxidants, meaning they can neutralize harmful free radicals that would otherwise damage cells, regularly consuming polyphenols is thought to boost digestion and brain health, as well as protect against heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and even certain cancers. Plants show medicinal properties because of the phytochemical present in them. In order to extract these essential phytochemicals out of the rhizomes of turmeric, Acetone, Methanol, Ethanol, and Chloroform solvents were used and further analysis were done by Qualitative Phytochemical Screening, Analysis of Polyphenolic component using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, analysis of curcuminoid content using HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) and anti-microbial testing via well diffusion method on S.aureus (Gram +ve) and E.coli (Gram -ve).
{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of Curcuma longa Along with its Total Polyphenolic and Curcuminoid Content","authors":"S. Chhimwal, Sonakshi Chandra, N. Gupta","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(10)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(10)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-Turmeric or Haldi, a spice derived from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma Longa. Curcuma longa is a member of the Zingiberaceae family or the ginger family. The bright yellow color of turmeric comes mainly from compounds known as Curcuminoids. Curcuminoid is a group of fat-soluble polyphenolic compounds includes curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcumin is the primary curcuminoid in turmeric, it has powerful anti-inflammatory effects and is a very strong antioxidant and is approximately 77% of the curcuminoid content. Turmeric is also a source of polyphenols, which is a category of plant compounds that offers various health benefits. They can act as antioxidants, meaning they can neutralize harmful free radicals that would otherwise damage cells, regularly consuming polyphenols is thought to boost digestion and brain health, as well as protect against heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and even certain cancers. Plants show medicinal properties because of the phytochemical present in them. In order to extract these essential phytochemicals out of the rhizomes of turmeric, Acetone, Methanol, Ethanol, and Chloroform solvents were used and further analysis were done by Qualitative Phytochemical Screening, Analysis of Polyphenolic component using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, analysis of curcuminoid content using HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) and anti-microbial testing via well diffusion method on S.aureus (Gram +ve) and E.coli (Gram -ve).","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127889491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(5)
Prgya Gupta, A. Pandey
racemosus is widely used in Ayurveda to cure various ailments. Plants and plant derived preparations have been used as traditional remedies and in medicines for the different treatments. The in vitroanticandidalactivity of Shatavri the “queen of herbs” and Eclipta alba “False daisy’’ and “King of hairs” was tested against Candida Albicans and various extract of both the plants were evaluated for Pharmacognostic studies. Ecliptaalba is an important medicinal plant used in treatment of various health problems including digestion, asthma, cough, headache, and skin color.It also shows antimicrobial activity against candida and a very promising result against the fungal strain. Also the extract of Asparagus racemosus showed high degree of activity in case the same strain and both the plants were found similar with that of standardantibiotics use. This research paper throws light on the above pharmacognostic and antimicrobial properties. Both the plants were used as therapeutic agent for human disease.
{"title":"Combined Effect of Asparagus Racemosus and Ecliptaalba as Anticandidal Drug and its Underlying Pharmacognostic Properties","authors":"Prgya Gupta, A. Pandey","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(5)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(5)","url":null,"abstract":"racemosus is widely used in Ayurveda to cure various ailments. Plants and plant derived preparations have been used as traditional remedies and in medicines for the different treatments. The in vitroanticandidalactivity of Shatavri the “queen of herbs” and Eclipta alba “False daisy’’ and “King of hairs” was tested against Candida Albicans and various extract of both the plants were evaluated for Pharmacognostic studies. Ecliptaalba is an important medicinal plant used in treatment of various health problems including digestion, asthma, cough, headache, and skin color.It also shows antimicrobial activity against candida and a very promising result against the fungal strain. Also the extract of Asparagus racemosus showed high degree of activity in case the same strain and both the plants were found similar with that of standardantibiotics use. This research paper throws light on the above pharmacognostic and antimicrobial properties. Both the plants were used as therapeutic agent for human disease.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124727252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(6)
S. Singh, M. Purohit, S. Saxena
Abstract-Herbaceous plants have been used as food and medicine since time unknown. Excess of everything is harmful. Many plants may also be harmful if taken for long time and may impair function of reproductive organs i.e. testis and ovary. Cannabis sativa Linn. (Hemp plant), commonly known as "Bhang" or "Marijuana", now cultivated all over India, found wild in Himalayan region. Its preparations mainly 'cannabinoids' used as narcotic and psychotropic (medicinal) drugs. In the present communication, the effect of C. sativa (leaf powder) on spermatogenesis is reported. The leaf powder as aqueous suspension at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day were fed to three groups (dose wise) with a control group (vehicle treated) of male albino rats for 60 days. On day 61st, all the rats were sacrificed. The reproductive organs were taken out from body and processed for histological examination. Both initial and final body weight were recorded. The weight of organs were also taken before autopsy. The weight of reproductive organs were significantly reduced at higher doses. The spermatogenesis was arrested in testes. The seminiferous tubules were disfigured and reduced in size. Their lumen filled with cellular debris. The Leydig's cells were atrophied. The epididymes and vasa deferentia were devoid of spermatozoa. It is concluded that Cannabis sativa is harmful to male reproductive status of animal and human beings.
{"title":"Effect of Cannabis Sativa on Spermatogenesis of Male Albino Rats","authors":"S. Singh, M. Purohit, S. Saxena","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(6)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(6)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-Herbaceous plants have been used as food and medicine since time unknown. Excess of everything is harmful. Many plants may also be harmful if taken for long time and may impair function of reproductive organs i.e. testis and ovary. Cannabis sativa Linn. (Hemp plant), commonly known as \"Bhang\" or \"Marijuana\", now cultivated all over India, found wild in Himalayan region. Its preparations mainly 'cannabinoids' used as narcotic and psychotropic (medicinal) drugs. In the present communication, the effect of C. sativa (leaf powder) on spermatogenesis is reported. The leaf powder as aqueous suspension at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day were fed to three groups (dose wise) with a control group (vehicle treated) of male albino rats for 60 days. On day 61st, all the rats were sacrificed. The reproductive organs were taken out from body and processed for histological examination. Both initial and final body weight were recorded. The weight of organs were also taken before autopsy. The weight of reproductive organs were significantly reduced at higher doses. The spermatogenesis was arrested in testes. The seminiferous tubules were disfigured and reduced in size. Their lumen filled with cellular debris. The Leydig's cells were atrophied. The epididymes and vasa deferentia were devoid of spermatozoa. It is concluded that Cannabis sativa is harmful to male reproductive status of animal and human beings.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"2006 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127656430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(11)
Sumit Ringwal, Ankit S. Bartwal, S. Sati, Asha Dobhal
Abstract-Dyes are chemical compounds which are used to convey colour to various materials, but during the processing and operation it produces toxics and hazardous side product which is very harmful to ecosystem and biodiversity. Researchers are developing various methods to degrade such toxic dyes and use of noble metal nano particle as a catalyst is emerging field of interest among scientific community. In this research article we had scanned our previously synthesized silver nanoparticle from Citrus medicapeels extracts; Synthesis and characterization were previously reported by authors.SynthesizedAgNPs has excellent photo-catalytic potential against various toxic dyes like Methylene blue, Rose bengal, Acridine Orange, Methyl Orange. Our nano-catalyst methylene blue nearly 52.15% in 5 hours while in absence of nano-catalyst dye degrades nearly32.85%. It is also capable of degrading acridine orange study shows it degrade Acridine orange dye 58.74% in just 4 hours and rose bengal dye 59.57 % followed by 4 hours of Continuous UV absorption. It also degrades methyl orange dye nearly 52% in 10 hours of solar irradiation. Synthesized AgNPs can be used as photo-catalyst for degrading toxic dyes.
{"title":"Photo-Catalytic Degradation of Toxic Dyes by Silver Nano Particles Synthesized From Peels Extracts of Citrus medic at Through Green Method","authors":"Sumit Ringwal, Ankit S. Bartwal, S. Sati, Asha Dobhal","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(11)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2021-31-2(11)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-Dyes are chemical compounds which are used to convey colour to various materials, but during the processing and operation it produces toxics and hazardous side product which is very harmful to ecosystem and biodiversity. Researchers are developing various methods to degrade such toxic dyes and use of noble metal nano particle as a catalyst is emerging field of interest among scientific community. In this research article we had scanned our previously synthesized silver nanoparticle from Citrus medicapeels extracts; Synthesis and characterization were previously reported by authors.SynthesizedAgNPs has excellent photo-catalytic potential against various toxic dyes like Methylene blue, Rose bengal, Acridine Orange, Methyl Orange. Our nano-catalyst methylene blue nearly 52.15% in 5 hours while in absence of nano-catalyst dye degrades nearly32.85%. It is also capable of degrading acridine orange study shows it degrade Acridine orange dye 58.74% in just 4 hours and rose bengal dye 59.57 % followed by 4 hours of Continuous UV absorption. It also degrades methyl orange dye nearly 52% in 10 hours of solar irradiation. Synthesized AgNPs can be used as photo-catalyst for degrading toxic dyes.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127282059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-26DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-june2021-30-1(10)
Prashast Kumar Tripathi Satish Chandra Sati
Abstract-In this research paper we have reported the single pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) for the first time by utilisation of leaves extract of Himalayan medicinal plant Artemisia roxburghiana. The principle of green chemistry was utilised at maximum possible level to make the synthesis not only environmentally compatible but also cost effective. The obtained nanoparticles are of good shape and size as confirmed by the instrumental techniques such as Powder XRD, HR-TEM, HR-SEM and FT-IR. The average size of the synthesized nanoparticles was between 26 to 35 nm. These nanoparticles then screened for the anti - microbial assay in which it has shown positive activity against E. coli, A. Tereus and C. falcatum. The second application of the synthesized nanoparticles is estimation of anti - oxidant activity against the DPPH. The IC value of the nanoparticles is formed to be 50 53 in EtoH while that of the standard, ascorbic acid was 26 in the same solvent. Keywords:Art emisia roxburghiana, Asteraceae, ZnONPs, Antimicrobial activity and Antioxidant activity
{"title":"Plant Mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Its Anti - microbial and Anti - oxidant Activities","authors":"Prashast Kumar Tripathi Satish Chandra Sati","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-june2021-30-1(10)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-june2021-30-1(10)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-In this research paper we have reported the single pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) for the first time by utilisation of leaves extract of Himalayan medicinal plant Artemisia roxburghiana. The principle of green chemistry was utilised at maximum possible level to make the synthesis not only environmentally compatible but also cost effective. The obtained nanoparticles are of good shape and size as confirmed by the instrumental techniques such as Powder XRD, HR-TEM, HR-SEM and FT-IR. The average size of the synthesized nanoparticles was between 26 to 35 nm. These nanoparticles then screened for the anti - microbial assay in which it has shown positive activity against E. coli, A. Tereus and C. falcatum. The second application of the synthesized nanoparticles is estimation of anti - oxidant activity against the DPPH. The IC value of the nanoparticles is formed to be 50 53 in EtoH while that of the standard, ascorbic acid was 26 in the same solvent. Keywords:Art emisia roxburghiana, Asteraceae, ZnONPs, Antimicrobial activity and Antioxidant activity","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127485492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-26DOI: 10.51129/ujpah-june2021-30-1(2)
V. Parcha, Sukanya Chetri, S. Saxena
Abstract-There is growing evidence of measurable effects of essential oils in animal brains and so more clinical research is required to validate their influence on the human central nervous system. This will enable us to discover essential oil-based drugs for treatment of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety etc. Several methods have been developed to obtain oil from oil-rich plant materials using aqueous enzymatic methods. By using enzymes to mediate the extraction, it is possible to maintain mild conditions and effect superior extraction. The enzymes such as cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease are the most favourable enzymes for degrading the cell wall in oilseeds to loosen oil sacs embedded in the seed structures. Reduced equipment costs and energy consumption are also potentially possible, since oil and protein may be recovered simultaneously Therefore, the present study is proposed on quality and quantity enhancement of essential oils from citrus peel waste through enzymatic intervention and evaluates their effect on the central nervous system in Rodent Models. As an attempt to obtain the essential oil through hydro distillation HD and hydro distillation enzyme assisted HDEA was carried out. Several experiments have been conducted to determine the optimal process parameters for both methods, i.e., substrate to solvent ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time, enzyme loading, and incubation time etc. to Obtain essential oil from citrus peel collected from the local market of Dehradun. Total yield and physical characteristics like specific Gravity, viscosity, refractive index, acid, Saponification, iodine no etc. were compared. Both samples of oil CA-1 and CA-2 were further screened for their effect on Central Nervous System on the rodent model. Result indicated HDEAnot only improved yield but also has sustainably stimulant effect on the central nervous system as compared to HD. Keywords: Essential oil, Enzymes, Central nervons system.
{"title":"Evaluation of Central Nervous System Acting Effects of Citrus Peel Essential Oils Extracted Using Enzyme Technology on Rodent Models","authors":"V. Parcha, Sukanya Chetri, S. Saxena","doi":"10.51129/ujpah-june2021-30-1(2)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-june2021-30-1(2)","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract-There is growing evidence of measurable effects of essential oils in animal brains and so more clinical research is required to validate their influence on the human central nervous system. This will enable us to discover essential oil-based drugs for treatment of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety etc. Several methods have been developed to obtain oil from oil-rich plant materials using aqueous enzymatic methods. By using enzymes to mediate the extraction, it is possible to maintain mild conditions and effect superior extraction. The enzymes such as cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease are the most favourable enzymes for degrading the cell wall in oilseeds to loosen oil sacs embedded in the seed structures. Reduced equipment costs and energy consumption are also potentially possible, since oil and protein may be recovered simultaneously Therefore, the present study is proposed on quality and quantity enhancement of essential oils from citrus peel waste through enzymatic intervention and evaluates their effect on the central nervous system in Rodent Models. As an attempt to obtain the essential oil through hydro distillation HD and hydro distillation enzyme assisted HDEA was carried out. Several experiments have been conducted to determine the optimal process parameters for both methods, i.e., substrate to solvent ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time, enzyme loading, and incubation time etc. to Obtain essential oil from citrus peel collected from the local market of Dehradun. Total yield and physical characteristics like specific Gravity, viscosity, refractive index, acid, Saponification, iodine no etc. were compared. Both samples of oil CA-1 and CA-2 were further screened for their effect on Central Nervous System on the rodent model. Result indicated HDEAnot only improved yield but also has sustainably stimulant effect on the central nervous system as compared to HD. Keywords: Essential oil, Enzymes, Central nervons system.","PeriodicalId":432227,"journal":{"name":"Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130052942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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