Pub Date : 2020-12-21DOI: 10.2174/2210676610666200225105529
Eunice Yuen, Julie Sadhu, Cynthia Pfeffer, Barry Sarvet, R Susan Daily, Jonathan Dowben, Kamilah Jackson, John Schowalter, Theodore Shapiro, Dorothy Stubbe
Purpose: The field of psychiatry has conventionally employed a medical model in which mental health disorders are diagnosed and treated. However, the evidence is amassing that using a strengths-based approach that promotes wellness by engaging the patient's assets and interests may work in synergy with the medical model to promote recovery. This harmonizes with the patient-centered care model that has been promoted by the Institute of Medicine.
Methods: The article uses a clinical case to highlight the attributes of a strength-based model in the psychiatric treatment of adolescents.
Results: Outcome metrics from a number of studies have demonstrated enhanced youth and parent satisfaction and decreased use of hospital level of care with the implementation of strengths-based therapeutic modalities.
Implications: Incorporating strengths-based interventions into conventional psychiatric practice provides a multi-faceted treatment approach that promotes recovery in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders.
{"title":"Accentuate the Positive: Strengths-Based Therapy for Adolescents.","authors":"Eunice Yuen, Julie Sadhu, Cynthia Pfeffer, Barry Sarvet, R Susan Daily, Jonathan Dowben, Kamilah Jackson, John Schowalter, Theodore Shapiro, Dorothy Stubbe","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200225105529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200225105529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The field of psychiatry has conventionally employed a medical model in which mental health disorders are diagnosed and treated. However, the evidence is amassing that using a strengths-based approach that promotes wellness by engaging the patient's assets and interests may work in synergy with the medical model to promote recovery. This harmonizes with the patient-centered care model that has been promoted by the Institute of Medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The article uses a clinical case to highlight the attributes of a strength-based model in the psychiatric treatment of adolescents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Outcome metrics from a number of studies have demonstrated enhanced youth and parent satisfaction and decreased use of hospital level of care with the implementation of strengths-based therapeutic modalities.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Incorporating strengths-based interventions into conventional psychiatric practice provides a multi-faceted treatment approach that promotes recovery in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8046159/pdf/nihms-1666109.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38883925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-08DOI: 10.2174/2210676610999201208214837
Noga Oschry-Bernstein, N. Horesh-Reinman, Adar Avnon, Tomer Mevorach, A. Apter, S. Fennig
The separateness of anxiety disorder and depressive disorder as two distinct disorders is often questioned. The aim of the current study is to examine whether there is a different profile of life events and personality characteristics for anxiety and depression disorders in adolescents. One hundred forty-six adolescents participated in the study, 57 boys and 89 girls, ranging in age from 11-18 years (mean=15.08+1.97). The study group included 92 adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and the comparison group included 54 teenagers with no known psychopathology. Multinomial logistic regression produced different predictive profiles for anxiety disorder and for depressive disorders. Life event variables, especially minor life events and early traumas, were found to be predictors for depression. Furthermore, interaction was found between early trauma and minor life events in the prediction of depression, such that the existence of trauma weakened the statistical correlation between minor life events and the onset of depression. In addition, contrary to the literature regarding adults, it was found that during adolescence personality variables have a unique contribution as predictive factors for vulnerability to the onset of anxiety and depression, thus reducing the significance of life events. Our findings suggest that different profile of life events and personality characteristics can be identified for the two disorders. In addition, it appears that early traumas are a dominant factor that overshadows more recent life events at the onset of depression among adolescents.
{"title":"The Relationship between Life Events and Personality Style to the Development of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Among Adolescents","authors":"Noga Oschry-Bernstein, N. Horesh-Reinman, Adar Avnon, Tomer Mevorach, A. Apter, S. Fennig","doi":"10.2174/2210676610999201208214837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610999201208214837","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The separateness of anxiety disorder and depressive disorder as two distinct disorders is often questioned. The aim of the current study is to examine whether there is a different profile of life events and personality characteristics for anxiety and depression disorders in adolescents.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000One hundred forty-six adolescents participated in the study, 57 boys and 89 girls, ranging in age from 11-18 years (mean=15.08+1.97). The study group included 92 adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and the comparison group included 54 teenagers with no known psychopathology.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Multinomial logistic regression produced different predictive profiles for anxiety disorder and for depressive disorders. Life event variables, especially minor life events and early traumas, were found to be predictors for depression. Furthermore, interaction was found between early trauma and minor life events in the prediction of depression, such that the existence of trauma weakened the statistical correlation between minor life events and the onset of depression.\u0000In addition, contrary to the literature regarding adults, it was found that during adolescence personality variables have a unique contribution as predictive factors for vulnerability to the onset of anxiety and depression, thus reducing the significance of life events.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Our findings suggest that different profile of life events and personality characteristics can be identified for the two disorders. In addition, it appears that early traumas are a dominant factor that overshadows more recent life events at the onset of depression among adolescents.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46909866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.2174/2210676610666200316100146
M. McDonald, J. Shatkin, Zhuorong Li, Emine Kahraman Sevgi Güngör Meltem E. Durgun, Y. Özsoy, Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani Ashraf Shahvelayati Zohreh Maryam Ghazvini, Saeid Abad, V. Tsanov, Hristo Tsanov, M. Rai, Rehan Qamar, M. Riaz, Yanqi Shi, Peng Liu, Tianyu Xie, Cheng Zhong
International data indicates that up to 20% of the world’s children and adolescents have at least one mental health disorder. In the United States, nearly 50% of teenagers meet DSM criteria for a psychiatric disorder, and over 25% suffer from a “severe disorder.” Mental health and substance use disorders remain two of the greatest contributors to the global disease burden. Typically, mental health professionals are not trained for prevention; however, over the past 50 years, the field of psychiatry has identified many practices that prevent and limit the severity of psychiatric disorders. In this overview, we first address the great degree of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral suffering that children and adolescents face world-wide. We then describe how a health promotion/disease prevention model differs from typical mental health care. Finally, we describe a series of interventions at the individual, community, and societal levels that can be utilized to prevent and lessen the burden of mental illness. Given our enhanced understanding of the prevalence of mental illness, the degree to which it interferes with healthy functioning, and the enormous global burden it causes, now is the time to engage psychiatrists and psychologists in health promotion and disease prevention. The field of psychiatry should begin to focus on designing and implementing mental health promotion and disease prevention programs, akin to those described here, to combat the onset, development, and progression of mental illness.
{"title":"Preventing Child and Adolescent Mental Illness - We Got This","authors":"M. McDonald, J. Shatkin, Zhuorong Li, Emine Kahraman Sevgi Güngör Meltem E. Durgun, Y. Özsoy, Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani Ashraf Shahvelayati Zohreh Maryam Ghazvini, Saeid Abad, V. Tsanov, Hristo Tsanov, M. Rai, Rehan Qamar, M. Riaz, Yanqi Shi, Peng Liu, Tianyu Xie, Cheng Zhong","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200316100146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200316100146","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000International data indicates that up to 20% of the world’s children\u0000and adolescents have at least one mental health disorder. In the United States, nearly 50% of\u0000teenagers meet DSM criteria for a psychiatric disorder, and over 25% suffer from a “severe\u0000disorder.” Mental health and substance use disorders remain two of the greatest contributors\u0000to the global disease burden. Typically, mental health professionals are not trained for prevention;\u0000however, over the past 50 years, the field of psychiatry has identified many practices\u0000that prevent and limit the severity of psychiatric disorders.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 In this overview, we first address the great degree of cognitive, emotional, and\u0000behavioral suffering that children and adolescents face world-wide. We then describe how a\u0000health promotion/disease prevention model differs from typical mental health care. Finally,\u0000we describe a series of interventions at the individual, community, and societal levels that\u0000can be utilized to prevent and lessen the burden of mental illness.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Given our enhanced understanding of the prevalence of mental illness, the degree\u0000to which it interferes with healthy functioning, and the enormous global burden it\u0000causes, now is the time to engage psychiatrists and psychologists in health promotion and\u0000disease prevention. The field of psychiatry should begin to focus on designing and implementing\u0000mental health promotion and disease prevention programs, akin to those described\u0000here, to combat the onset, development, and progression of mental illness.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.2174/2210676610666200226090427
Caroline S. Clauss-Ehlers
Autobiographical narrative (i.e., the process through writing or storytelling where one recalls life experiences and their impact on identity) has been found to effectively help adolescents cope with a range of medical and psychological issues. The current study addressed the overall preliminary research question: How does implementing an autobiographical narrative approach promote resilience, psychological well- being, and ethnic identity among adolescents? A secondary study aim was to explore how central the memories evoked by each workshop were to participant identity. The study’s third goal was to promote life skill development and self-awareness through participation in the autobiographical narrative intervention. The intervention incorporated a community-based participatory research (CBPR) framework in its partnership with a community centre in Northern England. The intervention consisted of an 8-week autobiographical program with youth participants from working and lower middle-class backgrounds. Socioeconomic status was operationalized by self-report on a demographic data sheet completed by participants. Analyses indicated that participants viewed the events discussed in the 8-week program as being more central to their lives after their participation. Maladaptive coping appeared to decrease after participation in the intervention. Results suggest interventions that incorporate an autobiographical narrative approach within a CBPR framework may promote positive outcomes among adolescents with limited economic resources.
{"title":"Exploration of Psychological Well-Being, Resilience, Ethnic Identity, and Meaningful Events Among a Group of Youth in Northern England: An Autobiographical Narrative Intervention Pilot Study","authors":"Caroline S. Clauss-Ehlers","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200226090427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200226090427","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Autobiographical narrative (i.e., the process through writing or storytelling\u0000where one recalls life experiences and their impact on identity) has been found to\u0000effectively help adolescents cope with a range of medical and psychological issues.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The current study addressed the overall preliminary research question: How does\u0000implementing an autobiographical narrative approach promote resilience, psychological\u0000well- being, and ethnic identity among adolescents? A secondary study aim was to explore\u0000how central the memories evoked by each workshop were to participant identity. The\u0000study’s third goal was to promote life skill development and self-awareness through participation\u0000in the autobiographical narrative intervention.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The intervention incorporated a community-based participatory research (CBPR)\u0000framework in its partnership with a community centre in Northern England. The intervention\u0000consisted of an 8-week autobiographical program with youth participants from working and\u0000lower middle-class backgrounds. Socioeconomic status was operationalized by self-report on\u0000a demographic data sheet completed by participants.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Analyses indicated that participants viewed the events discussed in the 8-week program\u0000as being more central to their lives after their participation. Maladaptive coping appeared\u0000to decrease after participation in the intervention.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Results suggest interventions that incorporate an autobiographical narrative\u0000approach within a CBPR framework may promote positive outcomes among adolescents\u0000with limited economic resources.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44005962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.2174/2210676610666200324113209
S. A. Garbacz, D. Minch, Phoebe Jordan, Kaitlyn Young, M. Weist
Partnerships with families in education settings should emphasize their roles as active and engaged co-equal partners. However, common practices in schools are to involve families at school-based events and share information with them about their child’s education in a manner that does not promote two-way interactions. The objectives of this paper are to describe relevant background on familyschool connections; approaches to promote academic performance and mental and behavioral health; and a framework to organize family partnerships that support all youth across a continuum of support intensity. A review based on the relevant family-school partnership and systems change literature was conducted. The review focused on prevention, tiered approaches that provide a continuum of support to students, and partnership-centered family engagement. Research supports family-school partnerships in a tiered prevention framework. A theory of change was developed to depict the impact of family partnerships on proximal and distal outcomes. Implications suggest a need for partnership-centered approaches to school reform in state and federal policy to support investments in school and district initiatives. Initiatives should embed culturally sensitive practices so that all children can thrive. Future directions for investigating effective approaches for family partnerships are described.
{"title":"Moving Towards Meaningful and Significant Family Partnerships in Education","authors":"S. A. Garbacz, D. Minch, Phoebe Jordan, Kaitlyn Young, M. Weist","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200324113209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200324113209","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Partnerships with families in education settings should emphasize\u0000their roles as active and engaged co-equal partners. However, common practices in schools\u0000are to involve families at school-based events and share information with them about their\u0000child’s education in a manner that does not promote two-way interactions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objectives of this paper are to describe relevant background on familyschool\u0000connections; approaches to promote academic performance and mental and behavioral\u0000health; and a framework to organize family partnerships that support all youth across a\u0000continuum of support intensity.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A review based on the relevant family-school partnership and systems change literature\u0000was conducted. The review focused on prevention, tiered approaches that provide a\u0000continuum of support to students, and partnership-centered family engagement.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Research supports family-school partnerships in a tiered prevention framework. A\u0000theory of change was developed to depict the impact of family partnerships on proximal and\u0000distal outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Implications suggest a need for partnership-centered approaches to school reform\u0000in state and federal policy to support investments in school and district initiatives. Initiatives\u0000should embed culturally sensitive practices so that all children can thrive. Future directions\u0000for investigating effective approaches for family partnerships are described.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47836447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}