Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365x19894781
Courtney Bliss
In this article, I examine how the dominant paradigm of development led to the Bronx being in a state of ruin, the development of hip-hop culture as a self-empowerment tool, and how that tool is used to direct change in blighted urban areas around the US through rap at all levels—from street corners to the Broadway stage. I use a combination of theories from development communication, ethnomusicology and popular culture to perform my analysis and conclude that hip-hop culture empowers individuals and communities to make change in their neighbourhoods. I also conclude that Lin-Manuel Miranda, coming from that culture, has gone on to bring this empowerment and directed change to Broadway to make fundamental changes there that have an impact that reach far from the hallowed halls of the Great White Way.
在这篇文章中，我研究了主导的发展模式是如何导致布朗克斯陷入毁灭状态的，嘻哈文化作为一种自我赋权工具的发展，以及这种工具是如何通过从街角到百老汇舞台的各个层面的说唱来引导美国各地破败城市地区的变革的。我结合了发展传播、民族音乐学和流行文化的理论进行分析，得出结论，嘻哈文化使个人和社区能够改变他们的社区。我还得出结论，来自那种文化的林·曼努埃尔·米兰达（Lin Manuel Miranda）继续将这种赋权和变革带到百老汇，在那里进行根本性的变革，其影响远远超出了大白道神圣的大厅。
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Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365x19894783
R. Agunga
Communication for development is an emerging academy and professionalism whose presence in development practice is more likely to increase aid effectiveness and improve the success rate of development programmes. This article presents the academy and professionalism communication for development (C4D). In particular, it describes the author’s familiarity with C4D and his attempt to raise it into an academy as well as establish it in the field as a profession. He pulls together his experiences in Africa, his authorships and his most recent funding activities in Pakistan to demonstrate how C4D can be an effective role player in the development process.
{"title":"Towards a Professionalising of Communication for Development: A Strategy for Improving Aid Effectiveness","authors":"R. Agunga","doi":"10.1177/1326365x19894783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x19894783","url":null,"abstract":"Communication for development is an emerging academy and professionalism whose presence in development practice is more likely to increase aid effectiveness and improve the success rate of development programmes. This article presents the academy and professionalism communication for development (C4D). In particular, it describes the author’s familiarity with C4D and his attempt to raise it into an academy as well as establish it in the field as a profession. He pulls together his experiences in Africa, his authorships and his most recent funding activities in Pakistan to demonstrate how C4D can be an effective role player in the development process.","PeriodicalId":43557,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Media Educator","volume":"29 1","pages":"123 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1326365x19894783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45396445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365X19870097
B. Bates, Claudia Nieto-Sánchez, Diana L. Marvel, Darwin Guerrero, Esteban G. Baus, M. Grijalva
When communicators use media and communication to address problems of development, we seek to assess whether those interventions are grounded in current development challenges and in patterns of media use. Additional challenges emerge, however, from patterns in media use between those used by development communication professionals and those that are accessible to communities. Electronic media, such as radio and television, or digital media platforms, including computer-based and mobile technologies, are available in urbanized areas of the global south, but are not accessible to all communities. Our study group has engaged three rural communities located in the mountainous province of Loja, Ecuador for over a decade through development communication efforts. Since these communities experience low access to electronic and digital media, our study group and the communities had to re-think what ‘media’ means in these communities. Drawing on our experiences of co-creating graffiti walls, songs and plays, we argue that development communicators must be open to channels of media that are neither electronic nor digital, but are accessible to communities in which we work.
{"title":"Broadening ‘Media’ for Development Communication: Alternative Channels Employed in Loja, Ecuador","authors":"B. Bates, Claudia Nieto-Sánchez, Diana L. Marvel, Darwin Guerrero, Esteban G. Baus, M. Grijalva","doi":"10.1177/1326365X19870097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365X19870097","url":null,"abstract":"When communicators use media and communication to address problems of development, we seek to assess whether those interventions are grounded in current development challenges and in patterns of media use. Additional challenges emerge, however, from patterns in media use between those used by development communication professionals and those that are accessible to communities. Electronic media, such as radio and television, or digital media platforms, including computer-based and mobile technologies, are available in urbanized areas of the global south, but are not accessible to all communities. Our study group has engaged three rural communities located in the mountainous province of Loja, Ecuador for over a decade through development communication efforts. Since these communities experience low access to electronic and digital media, our study group and the communities had to re-think what ‘media’ means in these communities. Drawing on our experiences of co-creating graffiti walls, songs and plays, we argue that development communicators must be open to channels of media that are neither electronic nor digital, but are accessible to communities in which we work.","PeriodicalId":43557,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Media Educator","volume":"29 1","pages":"201 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1326365X19870097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41752699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365x19889410
S. Muppidi
The use of the term 'development' presupposes higher and lower states. Based on the definition, different metrics are used to measure this change and assess the level of development. As words give meaning to this term, it is important to delineate it before we explore it further. Historically, communication for social change scholarship has been pegged within frameworks of predictable social behaviour, while broad scholarly solutions were proposed through theoretical paradigms and mechanistic models for development. Pedagogically, such approaches lend themselves well to understanding the scholarly trends in the field. However, the modernization, dependency, participatory and a number of alternative paradigms, among other approaches, have mostly evolved on a linear, chronological timeline with a tendency to generalize across multiple societies/cultures/nation states. However, such approaches end up not addressing the particular complexities of individual actors in particular societies. In addition, after the end of the Cold War, the shift in this field has been primarily to a North-South debate played out through multilateral agencies on a donor-recipient binary, with people's organizations taking on a more active role in line with the concepts of participatory communication and stakeholder involvement. The pendulum has shifted considerably from the initial focus on economic development to the present broad-based fight for the rights and freedoms of the marginalized with a cultural focus on nurturing egalitarian societies.
{"title":"Media, Communication, Technology and Progressive Social Change: Exploring an Innovative Cross-disciplinary Understanding of Participatory Communication Using Complexity Theory","authors":"S. Muppidi","doi":"10.1177/1326365x19889410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x19889410","url":null,"abstract":"The use of the term 'development' presupposes higher and lower states. Based on the definition, different metrics are used to measure this change and assess the level of development. As words give meaning to this term, it is important to delineate it before we explore it further. Historically, communication for social change scholarship has been pegged within frameworks of predictable social behaviour, while broad scholarly solutions were proposed through theoretical paradigms and mechanistic models for development. Pedagogically, such approaches lend themselves well to understanding the scholarly trends in the field. However, the modernization, dependency, participatory and a number of alternative paradigms, among other approaches, have mostly evolved on a linear, chronological timeline with a tendency to generalize across multiple societies/cultures/nation states. However, such approaches end up not addressing the particular complexities of individual actors in particular societies. In addition, after the end of the Cold War, the shift in this field has been primarily to a North-South debate played out through multilateral agencies on a donor-recipient binary, with people's organizations taking on a more active role in line with the concepts of participatory communication and stakeholder involvement. The pendulum has shifted considerably from the initial focus on economic development to the present broad-based fight for the rights and freedoms of the marginalized with a cultural focus on nurturing egalitarian societies.","PeriodicalId":43557,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Media Educator","volume":"29 1","pages":"249 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1326365x19889410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47538618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365X19894780
Frankline Matanji
Use of WhatsApp as a social media technology and M-pesa, a mobile money service for crowdfunding in Kenya are proliferating at an incredible pace. Crowdfunding helps communities organize for effective participation in social and economic development and empowerment by making sure that members of the community get to benefit from services, such as access to social amenities and better infrastructure, which would not have been available if the community members were to wait for the government to provide the services. This method is being used at Kisii University for students’ retention and providing social welfare to students, their parents and university staff. The approach adopted by this study was qualitative inductive research, where the researcher had a one-on-one interview session with creators of crowdfunding campaigns and the funders using Skype and phone calls as interview tools.
{"title":"WhatsApp and Mobile Money: Ameliorating Crowdfunding for Social Change in Kenya","authors":"Frankline Matanji","doi":"10.1177/1326365X19894780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365X19894780","url":null,"abstract":"Use of WhatsApp as a social media technology and M-pesa, a mobile money service for crowdfunding in Kenya are proliferating at an incredible pace. Crowdfunding helps communities organize for effective participation in social and economic development and empowerment by making sure that members of the community get to benefit from services, such as access to social amenities and better infrastructure, which would not have been available if the community members were to wait for the government to provide the services. This method is being used at Kisii University for students’ retention and providing social welfare to students, their parents and university staff. The approach adopted by this study was qualitative inductive research, where the researcher had a one-on-one interview session with creators of crowdfunding campaigns and the funders using Skype and phone calls as interview tools.","PeriodicalId":43557,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Media Educator","volume":"29 1","pages":"237 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1326365X19894780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44602828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365x19895109
Satish Kolluri
In positioning myself at the intersection of development (support) communication, postcolonialism, and poststructuralism, I suggest that understanding the derivativeness of the postcolonial nation provides us with the appropriate context to grasp the economic evolution of development paradigms and formation of national and communitarian/communal subjectivities in the postcolonial world. I employ postcolonial derivativeness of the nation as a device in the allegorical deconstruction of the discourse of development and (de)construction of community through the analysis of a popular song penned by the Indian poet and singer, Goreti Venkanna in Telugu, his native language as well as mine.
{"title":"Palle Kanneeru Pedutundo (My Village Is Shedding Tears): A Subaltern Critique of the Derivative Form of Postcolonial Nationalism","authors":"Satish Kolluri","doi":"10.1177/1326365x19895109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x19895109","url":null,"abstract":"In positioning myself at the intersection of development (support) communication, postcolonialism, and poststructuralism, I suggest that understanding the derivativeness of the postcolonial nation provides us with the appropriate context to grasp the economic evolution of development paradigms and formation of national and communitarian/communal subjectivities in the postcolonial world. I employ postcolonial derivativeness of the nation as a device in the allegorical deconstruction of the discourse of development and (de)construction of community through the analysis of a popular song penned by the Indian poet and singer, Goreti Venkanna in Telugu, his native language as well as mine.","PeriodicalId":43557,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Media Educator","volume":"29 1","pages":"195 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1326365x19895109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45097894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365X19895826
Angshuman Kashyap, Sangeeta Shrivastava, P. Krishnatray
Vast majority of parents continue to immunize their children against deadly infectious diseases. However, of late, growing number of them in both developed and developing nations have refused vaccination forcing the World Health Organization to declare vaccine hesitancy as one of the top ten major threats to global health. This research reviews literature published in the last few years to understand and explain the phenomenon. It identifies 10 reasons for people’s reluctance for vaccination: parental concerns, perceived disease susceptibility, parent–provider relationship, government policies, role of school authorities, weak interpersonal communication (IPC) skills of health workers, religious beliefs, role of media, social media and information on vaccines, and lack of trust. The review categorizes parents who hesitate or refuse vaccination into four categories: obedients, ditherers, doubters and defiants. Finally, it summarizes recommendations and steps that researchers and policy makers have made to stem the growing concerns regarding vaccine hesitancy.
{"title":"Vaccine Hesitancy: The Growing Parent–Provider Divide","authors":"Angshuman Kashyap, Sangeeta Shrivastava, P. Krishnatray","doi":"10.1177/1326365X19895826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365X19895826","url":null,"abstract":"Vast majority of parents continue to immunize their children against deadly infectious diseases. However, of late, growing number of them in both developed and developing nations have refused vaccination forcing the World Health Organization to declare vaccine hesitancy as one of the top ten major threats to global health. This research reviews literature published in the last few years to understand and explain the phenomenon. It identifies 10 reasons for people’s reluctance for vaccination: parental concerns, perceived disease susceptibility, parent–provider relationship, government policies, role of school authorities, weak interpersonal communication (IPC) skills of health workers, religious beliefs, role of media, social media and information on vaccines, and lack of trust. The review categorizes parents who hesitate or refuse vaccination into four categories: obedients, ditherers, doubters and defiants. Finally, it summarizes recommendations and steps that researchers and policy makers have made to stem the growing concerns regarding vaccine hesitancy.","PeriodicalId":43557,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Media Educator","volume":"29 1","pages":"259 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1326365X19895826","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45887873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365x19886979
Mohammad Ala-Uddin
Richard Heeks (Ed.), Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D). Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2018, 410 pp, US$ 25.38. ISBN 9781138101807 (Hardcover)/9781138101814 (Paperback).
Richard Heeks（编辑），信息和通信技术促进发展（ICT4D）。英国阿宾顿：Routledge，2018，410页，25.38美元。ISBN 9781138101807（精装本）/9781381814（平装本）。
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Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365x19896169
C. Rosati
For over sixteen years, I have been tracing and retracing an idea through a set of projects involving the political economy and cultural politics of infrastructure—especially, the infrastructure of media. When I began those projects as a graduate student, my concern was a frustration with the image-centered studies of media and culture, which tended to get bogged down in representational politics and a focus on the micropolitics of interpretation and use. Infrastructure attracts similar debates, as anything from a train tunnel to a water use meter can be appropriated and used in unauthorized or subversive ways. The physicality of infrastructure and the relationships it has with the materiality of ideas, ideologies, and social processes is a growing dimension of cultural inquiry around inequality and power, especially in the study of electronic devices. In this article, I will report on a strand of my research that explores an urban history of interactive media that unfolds into our contemporary world of automated ecologies of surveillance, marketing, disinformation, and covert politics. In recent iterations, this strand intersects with the increasingly popular concept of the ‘right to the city.’
{"title":"Infrastructures of Feeling and the Right to the City","authors":"C. Rosati","doi":"10.1177/1326365x19896169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x19896169","url":null,"abstract":"For over sixteen years, I have been tracing and retracing an idea through a set of projects involving the political economy and cultural politics of infrastructure—especially, the infrastructure of media. When I began those projects as a graduate student, my concern was a frustration with the image-centered studies of media and culture, which tended to get bogged down in representational politics and a focus on the micropolitics of interpretation and use. Infrastructure attracts similar debates, as anything from a train tunnel to a water use meter can be appropriated and used in unauthorized or subversive ways. The physicality of infrastructure and the relationships it has with the materiality of ideas, ideologies, and social processes is a growing dimension of cultural inquiry around inequality and power, especially in the study of electronic devices. In this article, I will report on a strand of my research that explores an urban history of interactive media that unfolds into our contemporary world of automated ecologies of surveillance, marketing, disinformation, and covert politics. In recent iterations, this strand intersects with the increasingly popular concept of the ‘right to the city.’","PeriodicalId":43557,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Media Educator","volume":"29 1","pages":"251 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1326365x19896169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44692573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1326365X19889411
Mousumi De
Brian Schrag and Kathleen J. Van Buren, Make Arts for a Better Life: A Guide for Working with Communities. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2018, 352 pp., $35. ISBN: 9780190878283 (pbk.); 9780190878276 (hardcover).
Brian Schrag和Kathleen J.Van Buren，《为美好生活创造艺术：与社区合作指南》。纽约：牛津大学出版社，2018，352页，35美元。国际标准书号：9780190878283（pbk.）；9780190878276（精装本）。
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