Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160137
D. Smith
This paper addresses the integration of a National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) meteorological payload with the recently developed United States Coast Guard (USCG) 9-foot by 35-foot Exposed Location Buoy (ELB) and the Subsequent testing of this buoy in a severe ocean environment. The ELB is designed as a navigation aid capable of being deployed in exposed offshore locations that experience severe environmental conditions. A comprehensive testing prograrn of the integrated ELB will be performed in a severe environment near a certified meteorological platform. The testing program objective will be to certify the buoy/payload system for operational use on platforms of opportunity in environments of significant meteorological interest.
{"title":"Meteorological data from a United States Coast Guard (USCG) exposed location buoy (ELB)","authors":"D. Smith","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160137","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the integration of a National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) meteorological payload with the recently developed United States Coast Guard (USCG) 9-foot by 35-foot Exposed Location Buoy (ELB) and the Subsequent testing of this buoy in a severe ocean environment. The ELB is designed as a navigation aid capable of being deployed in exposed offshore locations that experience severe environmental conditions. A comprehensive testing prograrn of the integrated ELB will be performed in a severe environment near a certified meteorological platform. The testing program objective will be to certify the buoy/payload system for operational use on platforms of opportunity in environments of significant meteorological interest.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"2 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113935281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160300
M. Johnson
A nation whose coastal areas, offshore as well as onshore, are becoming more intensively developed and utilized must recognize the potential property damage as well as loss of life and cost of injuries that may result from increasing vulnerability to natural hazards such as hurricanes, accompanying tornadoes, and other storms. These will have an impact on communications as well as boat and vessel accidents, also on near-shore and offshore installations. The conclusions of this paper underscore the importance of safe and effective use of the marine environment and the need for increasing attention and analysis. Perhaps nowhere is our need for environmental data and analysis so great as it is in dealing with environmental hazards. As our growth continues are we still at the mercy of our physical environment?
{"title":"The relevance and nature of natural hazard losses in the coastal zone","authors":"M. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160300","url":null,"abstract":"A nation whose coastal areas, offshore as well as onshore, are becoming more intensively developed and utilized must recognize the potential property damage as well as loss of life and cost of injuries that may result from increasing vulnerability to natural hazards such as hurricanes, accompanying tornadoes, and other storms. These will have an impact on communications as well as boat and vessel accidents, also on near-shore and offshore installations. The conclusions of this paper underscore the importance of safe and effective use of the marine environment and the need for increasing attention and analysis. Perhaps nowhere is our need for environmental data and analysis so great as it is in dealing with environmental hazards. As our growth continues are we still at the mercy of our physical environment?","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128935571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160294
H. Nilsson
United Stirling AB (USAB), the world leader in Stirling external combustion engine development and Kockums AB are jointly testing in a full scale submarine test section a new 100 kW Stirling engine, the V4-275R, for the Royal Swedish Navy. The engine is integrated with a liquid oxygen storage and a closed cycle combustion system is provided for underwater propulsion. The successful development of a pressurized combustion system using diesel fuel and oxygen for the Stirling engine has lead to the next stage - a contract for installation of two V4-275R engines in a large, manned diver lock-out submarine, the SAGA I. This 500 ton commercial prototype, developed in France jointly by COMEX and CNEXO, is to be completed by 1986. It will demonstrate the "all-underwater" solution for various undersea tasks. Missions of up to 25 days submerged will be possible. The Swedish Navy intend to continue their Stirling program and a system for testing on naval submarines has been contracted.
{"title":"Air independent power systems for autonomous submarines","authors":"H. Nilsson","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160294","url":null,"abstract":"United Stirling AB (USAB), the world leader in Stirling external combustion engine development and Kockums AB are jointly testing in a full scale submarine test section a new 100 kW Stirling engine, the V4-275R, for the Royal Swedish Navy. The engine is integrated with a liquid oxygen storage and a closed cycle combustion system is provided for underwater propulsion. The successful development of a pressurized combustion system using diesel fuel and oxygen for the Stirling engine has lead to the next stage - a contract for installation of two V4-275R engines in a large, manned diver lock-out submarine, the SAGA I. This 500 ton commercial prototype, developed in France jointly by COMEX and CNEXO, is to be completed by 1986. It will demonstrate the \"all-underwater\" solution for various undersea tasks. Missions of up to 25 days submerged will be possible. The Swedish Navy intend to continue their Stirling program and a system for testing on naval submarines has been contracted.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128966256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160219
R. Perry
The NOAA multibeam surveys of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) are providing a new data base and map series that are significantly superior to existing bathymetric maps compiled from prior surveys, particularly in areas of complex relief. The new Sea Beam and Bathymetric Swath Survey System (BSSS) surveys are designed to give essentially 100 percent coverage of selected areas on the continental shelf, slope, and upper rise off the west coast of the U.S. These areas were selected through a cooperative agreement between NOAA and the Department of Interior's U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The first complete map at 1:100,000 has been compiled from surveys between39deg30'N and40deg00'N. It shows the sinuous submarine canyons in remarkable detail. The San Andreas fault does not appear to extend north of Point Delgada. The NOAA multibeam surveys run in tectonically-active areas such as the west coast continental margin are developing detailed data sets that will be of great value to economic development and to a better understanding of the geologic framework of those areas.
{"title":"Mapping the exclusive economic zone","authors":"R. Perry","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160219","url":null,"abstract":"The NOAA multibeam surveys of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) are providing a new data base and map series that are significantly superior to existing bathymetric maps compiled from prior surveys, particularly in areas of complex relief. The new Sea Beam and Bathymetric Swath Survey System (BSSS) surveys are designed to give essentially 100 percent coverage of selected areas on the continental shelf, slope, and upper rise off the west coast of the U.S. These areas were selected through a cooperative agreement between NOAA and the Department of Interior's U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The first complete map at 1:100,000 has been compiled from surveys between39deg30'N and40deg00'N. It shows the sinuous submarine canyons in remarkable detail. The San Andreas fault does not appear to extend north of Point Delgada. The NOAA multibeam surveys run in tectonically-active areas such as the west coast continental margin are developing detailed data sets that will be of great value to economic development and to a better understanding of the geologic framework of those areas.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129215102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160131
D. Alexandrou
The Sea Beam multibeam bathymetric system is in operation aboard research vessels worldwide. While it has contributed greatly in advancing the understanding of the deep-sea floor, several types of bathymetric artifacts have been identified in its contoured output which could be mistaken for sea floor structure. Among those, the "tunnel" effect results from sidelobe interference caused by the near specular return and is most prominent when the sea floor is relatively flat. It is characterized by a trough in the bottom profile produced by Sea Beam. It will be shown that this type of interference can be greatly reduced or eliminated through an adaptive filtering scheme, pending a minor modification of the Sea Beam data acquisition system. The noise-cancelling configuration of the adaptive least-squares lattice filter will be used to process simulated Sea Beam data obtained through REVGEN, a high-fidelity sonar system simulation program.
{"title":"Sea beam sidelobe interference cancellation","authors":"D. Alexandrou","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160131","url":null,"abstract":"The Sea Beam multibeam bathymetric system is in operation aboard research vessels worldwide. While it has contributed greatly in advancing the understanding of the deep-sea floor, several types of bathymetric artifacts have been identified in its contoured output which could be mistaken for sea floor structure. Among those, the \"tunnel\" effect results from sidelobe interference caused by the near specular return and is most prominent when the sea floor is relatively flat. It is characterized by a trough in the bottom profile produced by Sea Beam. It will be shown that this type of interference can be greatly reduced or eliminated through an adaptive filtering scheme, pending a minor modification of the Sea Beam data acquisition system. The noise-cancelling configuration of the adaptive least-squares lattice filter will be used to process simulated Sea Beam data obtained through REVGEN, a high-fidelity sonar system simulation program.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115517221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160253
D. Skelly
Worldwide maintenance dredging is a growing concern because of increasing dredging costs and strict environmental constraints, with spoils disposal areas diminishing. The Center for Coastal Studies at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, under past sponsorship of the Naval Facilities Engineering Command and current sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research, has been developing sedimentation control systems as an alternative to maintenance dredging. The key to designing and developing these systems is to understand the physical processes that lead to sedimentation. This paper examines some of these processes responsible for sedimentation in estuarine waterways and briefly discusses the development, use and performance of innovative sediment control systems.
{"title":"Maintenance dredging alternatives for estuarine harbors","authors":"D. Skelly","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160253","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide maintenance dredging is a growing concern because of increasing dredging costs and strict environmental constraints, with spoils disposal areas diminishing. The Center for Coastal Studies at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, under past sponsorship of the Naval Facilities Engineering Command and current sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research, has been developing sedimentation control systems as an alternative to maintenance dredging. The key to designing and developing these systems is to understand the physical processes that lead to sedimentation. This paper examines some of these processes responsible for sedimentation in estuarine waterways and briefly discusses the development, use and performance of innovative sediment control systems.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115594010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160122
M. Fitzpatrick
The discovery of oil and gas along the Alaskan coast has led to development and exploration on shore; offshore drilling on the continental shelf is certain to increase rapidly in the near future. The Coast Guard has the legislated responsibility for insuring effective oil spill response in these waters which may be ice-infested during all or part of the year. The objective of the Arctic Pollution Response Research and Development Project is to understand and predict the behavior and movement of oil spilled in the Arctic, develop methods to detect and monitor these oil spills, and conduct investigative research into countermeasures and cleanup technology for ice-infested regions to insure Coast Guard expertise as federal On-Scene Coordinator.
{"title":"U.S. Coast Guard Arctic pollution response research and development","authors":"M. Fitzpatrick","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160122","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of oil and gas along the Alaskan coast has led to development and exploration on shore; offshore drilling on the continental shelf is certain to increase rapidly in the near future. The Coast Guard has the legislated responsibility for insuring effective oil spill response in these waters which may be ice-infested during all or part of the year. The objective of the Arctic Pollution Response Research and Development Project is to understand and predict the behavior and movement of oil spilled in the Arctic, develop methods to detect and monitor these oil spills, and conduct investigative research into countermeasures and cleanup technology for ice-infested regions to insure Coast Guard expertise as federal On-Scene Coordinator.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115750057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160153
R. Currier
The hardware and software design of a control system for the RUM III vehicle project, is described. The functional requirements, design constraints, and system configuration are first examined. A description of the hardware systems and their corresponding software components follows.
{"title":"RUM III vehicle control system","authors":"R. Currier","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160153","url":null,"abstract":"The hardware and software design of a control system for the RUM III vehicle project, is described. The functional requirements, design constraints, and system configuration are first examined. A description of the hardware systems and their corresponding software components follows.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116221334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160173
A. Billet
Technological improvements during the past six years have increased several times the operational capabilities of Remotely Operated Vehicles in underwater work. These vehicles are used for inspection, debris removal, object retrieval, and structural cleaning. With this expanded use has come similar dramatic new technology for the vehicle systems. This extends the vehicle operational capabilities and gets more power into a very small package. This entire 400 Hz powered hydraulic propulsion system weight (including all items such as thrusters, motor, pump, valves, etc.) is equal to just the electric motor/pump package of existing 60 Hz powered systems. To obtain higher vehicle performance in a smaller packager, higher power voltages and frequencies are used. A high speed electric motor driving a miniature variable delivery hydraulic pump for the propulsion system produces 10 HP in a 16.6-lb. package. Similar size and weight reductions are made in the thruster motor/servo valve packages. The smaller size of these vehicles may preclude the necessity of a dedicated support vessel.
{"title":"Advancements in remotely controlled underwater vehicles","authors":"A. Billet","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160173","url":null,"abstract":"Technological improvements during the past six years have increased several times the operational capabilities of Remotely Operated Vehicles in underwater work. These vehicles are used for inspection, debris removal, object retrieval, and structural cleaning. With this expanded use has come similar dramatic new technology for the vehicle systems. This extends the vehicle operational capabilities and gets more power into a very small package. This entire 400 Hz powered hydraulic propulsion system weight (including all items such as thrusters, motor, pump, valves, etc.) is equal to just the electric motor/pump package of existing 60 Hz powered systems. To obtain higher vehicle performance in a smaller packager, higher power voltages and frequencies are used. A high speed electric motor driving a miniature variable delivery hydraulic pump for the propulsion system produces 10 HP in a 16.6-lb. package. Similar size and weight reductions are made in the thruster motor/servo valve packages. The smaller size of these vehicles may preclude the necessity of a dedicated support vessel.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"14 34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126891777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160236
A. Swaroop, A. Nappi, Z. Ahmad, M. Chalfant, L. McMillin, A. Reale
Global temperature soundings have been produced by NOAA at 250 Km resolution utilizing the data from HIRS/2, MSU, and SSU instruments aboard NOAA polar orbiting satellites. This 250 Km resolution is too coarse to provide enough information in meteorologically active regions such as frontal systems. An Enhanced sounding system has been developed to produce soundings at a much higher resolution (approximately 100 Km) and has been tested in a near real-time operational environment. Test results and case studies over ocean areas are presented and compared with TOVS data, NMC analyses and oceanic radiosonde data where available. The results have depicted the small scale meteorological features quite well. The high resolution soundings provide the increased horizontal gradient information useful for numerical weather prediction models especially in data sparse regions such as the world oceans.
{"title":"Enhanced soundings over oceans from NOAA-9 polar orbiting satellite","authors":"A. Swaroop, A. Nappi, Z. Ahmad, M. Chalfant, L. McMillin, A. Reale","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160236","url":null,"abstract":"Global temperature soundings have been produced by NOAA at 250 Km resolution utilizing the data from HIRS/2, MSU, and SSU instruments aboard NOAA polar orbiting satellites. This 250 Km resolution is too coarse to provide enough information in meteorologically active regions such as frontal systems. An Enhanced sounding system has been developed to produce soundings at a much higher resolution (approximately 100 Km) and has been tested in a near real-time operational environment. Test results and case studies over ocean areas are presented and compared with TOVS data, NMC analyses and oceanic radiosonde data where available. The results have depicted the small scale meteorological features quite well. The high resolution soundings provide the increased horizontal gradient information useful for numerical weather prediction models especially in data sparse regions such as the world oceans.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128097093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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