Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840024210-0
Alexandre Tchoudinov
The author of the article examines the changing of the social role of Christians in Egypt during the French occupation in 1798—1801. Based on a comparative analysis of data from a wide range of French sources and Arab chronicles, the author of the article concludes that Bonaparte's army, by bringing new values that became dominant in France during the Revolution, unwittingly violated the fragile interfaith consensus that ensured a long and peaceful coexistence of the Muslim majority and the Christian minority in Egypt. Christians were formally equalized by the French in rights with Muslims. However, in practice, due to their cultural closeness with the occupiers and active cooperation with their administration, Christians achieved absolute dominance in Egyptian society during the stay of the French. In a matter of weeks, this previously restricted religious minority, which was nevertheless organically integrated into the local society, turned into a tyrannical minority that rose above this society and subjected it to cruel oppression.
{"title":"The Repressive Minority: Christians of Egypt during the French Occupation 1798—1801","authors":"Alexandre Tchoudinov","doi":"10.18254/s207987840024210-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024210-0","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article examines the changing of the social role of Christians in Egypt during the French occupation in 1798—1801. Based on a comparative analysis of data from a wide range of French sources and Arab chronicles, the author of the article concludes that Bonaparte's army, by bringing new values that became dominant in France during the Revolution, unwittingly violated the fragile interfaith consensus that ensured a long and peaceful coexistence of the Muslim majority and the Christian minority in Egypt. Christians were formally equalized by the French in rights with Muslims. However, in practice, due to their cultural closeness with the occupiers and active cooperation with their administration, Christians achieved absolute dominance in Egyptian society during the stay of the French. In a matter of weeks, this previously restricted religious minority, which was nevertheless organically integrated into the local society, turned into a tyrannical minority that rose above this society and subjected it to cruel oppression.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80555433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840024209-8
N. Khrapunov
This paper discusses the origin and evolution of the stereotype of “laziness” of the Crimean Tatars, which appeared in Russian and foreign travel writings from the late-eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It has been shown that this stereotype was a product of Western “armchair” knowledge of the Enlightenment, which produced the ideas of “terrestrial paradise” in faraway countries where lived the “noble savages”. Applying it to what was seen in the Crimea, the writers and scientists ignored the specificities of Muslim ethics and political-economic developments in the region. The reflections on the Crimean residents were sometimes influenced by subjective circumstances, such as conflicts with Tatars concerning the possession of land properties. The stereotype of “Tatar sloth” quickly established itself in public mind. It had real political consequences, as it influenced the actions of the government and private persons. Perhaps this stereotype was among the reasons why the integration of the Crimea into the Russian empire took a very long time.
{"title":"“Blessed Idlers” or “Indolent Loafers”: the Stereotype of Crimean Tatar Laziness in Russian and Foreign Mind in the Late of the 18th and 19th Centuries","authors":"N. Khrapunov","doi":"10.18254/s207987840024209-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024209-8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the origin and evolution of the stereotype of “laziness” of the Crimean Tatars, which appeared in Russian and foreign travel writings from the late-eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It has been shown that this stereotype was a product of Western “armchair” knowledge of the Enlightenment, which produced the ideas of “terrestrial paradise” in faraway countries where lived the “noble savages”. Applying it to what was seen in the Crimea, the writers and scientists ignored the specificities of Muslim ethics and political-economic developments in the region. The reflections on the Crimean residents were sometimes influenced by subjective circumstances, such as conflicts with Tatars concerning the possession of land properties. The stereotype of “Tatar sloth” quickly established itself in public mind. It had real political consequences, as it influenced the actions of the government and private persons. Perhaps this stereotype was among the reasons why the integration of the Crimea into the Russian empire took a very long time.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90856883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840025173-9
A. Golubinsky
The article is devoted to the characterization of a fire as an event, the information potential of historical sources associated with fires in Russian cities and villages of the 18th century, the causes of fires, fire-fighting household measures, compensatory measures in the city and in the countryside, by both the state and landowners, the specifics of fixing information in legislative acts, clerical sources and sources of personal origin. These documents make it possible to clarify the details of urban and rural everyday life, poorly expressed or poorly preserved in sources of a different nature.
{"title":"Fires in Russian Everyday Life of the 18th Century","authors":"A. Golubinsky","doi":"10.18254/s207987840025173-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840025173-9","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the characterization of a fire as an event, the information potential of historical sources associated with fires in Russian cities and villages of the 18th century, the causes of fires, fire-fighting household measures, compensatory measures in the city and in the countryside, by both the state and landowners, the specifics of fixing information in legislative acts, clerical sources and sources of personal origin. These documents make it possible to clarify the details of urban and rural everyday life, poorly expressed or poorly preserved in sources of a different nature.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79260751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840024130-2
V. Belozorovich
The article reveals the development of the historiography of the history of Belarus as an independent scientific direction in 1918—1928. It notes the existence of two directions of national historiography: national-democratic and national-Marxist. The author analyzes the works which formed the conceptual vision of national history in Belarusian society. The article reveals the methodological approaches of the researchers to the knowledge of the past. The peculiarities of comprehension of the history of Belarus by representatives of professional and non-professional historiography are highlighted. Attention is paid to the problem of national-state narrative. The study is based on the historiographical sources which prove the presence of the formed Belarusian historiography in the scientific paradigm of the Belarusian SSR of the interwar period. It is concluded that the course of scientific cognition depends on the political situation in the republic. The process of eliminating the methodological pluralism in the historical science of Belarus is considered separately.
{"title":"Formation of Belarusian National Historiography in 1918—1928","authors":"V. Belozorovich","doi":"10.18254/s207987840024130-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024130-2","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the development of the historiography of the history of Belarus as an independent scientific direction in 1918—1928. It notes the existence of two directions of national historiography: national-democratic and national-Marxist. The author analyzes the works which formed the conceptual vision of national history in Belarusian society. The article reveals the methodological approaches of the researchers to the knowledge of the past. The peculiarities of comprehension of the history of Belarus by representatives of professional and non-professional historiography are highlighted. Attention is paid to the problem of national-state narrative. The study is based on the historiographical sources which prove the presence of the formed Belarusian historiography in the scientific paradigm of the Belarusian SSR of the interwar period. It is concluded that the course of scientific cognition depends on the political situation in the republic. The process of eliminating the methodological pluralism in the historical science of Belarus is considered separately.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89381517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840024244-7
Daria Zaytseva
Marc-Antoine Jullien is one of the notable figures of the French Revolution of the 18th century, who at the age of 19 became Robespierre's confidant and gained solid experience in political activity. In the autumn of 1798, a new stage in Jullien's career began: returning from Egypt, where he had gone a few months earlier with Bonaparte, Julien joined General Jean-Étienne Championnet, who went to conquer South Italy. Military campaign 1798—1799 ended with the proclamation in January 1799 of the Neapolitan Republic and the establishment of a Provisional Government in it, which included Jullien as General Secretary. The article provides a brief overview of the sources stored in fund 317 of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, which refer to the Neapolitan period of Jullien's political activity: from December 1798, when the attack on South Italy began to April 1799, when Jullien was arrested and sent to Milan.
{"title":"The Neapolitan Period of the Political career of Marc-Antoine Jullien (Materials of His Personal Fund in RGASPI)","authors":"Daria Zaytseva","doi":"10.18254/s207987840024244-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024244-7","url":null,"abstract":"Marc-Antoine Jullien is one of the notable figures of the French Revolution of the 18th century, who at the age of 19 became Robespierre's confidant and gained solid experience in political activity. In the autumn of 1798, a new stage in Jullien's career began: returning from Egypt, where he had gone a few months earlier with Bonaparte, Julien joined General Jean-Étienne Championnet, who went to conquer South Italy. Military campaign 1798—1799 ended with the proclamation in January 1799 of the Neapolitan Republic and the establishment of a Provisional Government in it, which included Jullien as General Secretary. The article provides a brief overview of the sources stored in fund 317 of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, which refer to the Neapolitan period of Jullien's political activity: from December 1798, when the attack on South Italy began to April 1799, when Jullien was arrested and sent to Milan.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80526963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840024092-0
O. Belova
The article presents a narrative and structural analysis of texts from the collection of the State Archive of the Smolensk region reflecting folk beliefs about cult trees. These records can be regarded as “historical” narratives in which trees, being objects of folk veneration (ritual practices aimed at healing) and superstition (“treasure under a tree” legend), are at the same time associated with historical or quasi-historical events (adventures of local robbers, the 1812 Patriotic War). Stories about unusual trees demonstrate a close connection with the mythology of space, and the natural objects themselves are peculiar markers for the collective memory, conveying knowledge about the past with reliance on the local landscape.
{"title":"Folklore “Historical” Narrative Within the Context of Landscape Mythology (Russian-Belarusian Borderlands)","authors":"O. Belova","doi":"10.18254/s207987840024092-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024092-0","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a narrative and structural analysis of texts from the collection of the State Archive of the Smolensk region reflecting folk beliefs about cult trees. These records can be regarded as “historical” narratives in which trees, being objects of folk veneration (ritual practices aimed at healing) and superstition (“treasure under a tree” legend), are at the same time associated with historical or quasi-historical events (adventures of local robbers, the 1812 Patriotic War). Stories about unusual trees demonstrate a close connection with the mythology of space, and the natural objects themselves are peculiar markers for the collective memory, conveying knowledge about the past with reliance on the local landscape.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79199289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840025202-1
Nikolaos A. Chrissidis
Monastic tonsure of citizens of the Russian Empire abroad became a particularly complex issue during the latter half of the nineteenth century, when Mt. Athos became a favorite destination of those interested in assuming the monastic habit outside the empire. The Russian authorities sought to control and regulate such tonsures by establishing procedures for checking their validity, and by ruling out automatic recognition of them in the empire. Individuals who were tonsured as monks abroad manipulated or tried to manipulate such regulations in order to facilitate travel back and forth from the Russian Empire for their own purposes. The result was that the real and apparent ambiguities that such rules allowed for were exploited by both state authorities and by real or fake monks themselves. The essay seeks to offer some perspectives on this phenomenon by focusing on four cases preserved in archival records.
{"title":"The Cassock Does Not a Monk Make. Or Does It? Fake and Real Monks from the Orthodox East in the Russian Empire (19th — Early 20th Сentury)","authors":"Nikolaos A. Chrissidis","doi":"10.18254/s207987840025202-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840025202-1","url":null,"abstract":"Monastic tonsure of citizens of the Russian Empire abroad became a particularly complex issue during the latter half of the nineteenth century, when Mt. Athos became a favorite destination of those interested in assuming the monastic habit outside the empire. The Russian authorities sought to control and regulate such tonsures by establishing procedures for checking their validity, and by ruling out automatic recognition of them in the empire. Individuals who were tonsured as monks abroad manipulated or tried to manipulate such regulations in order to facilitate travel back and forth from the Russian Empire for their own purposes. The result was that the real and apparent ambiguities that such rules allowed for were exploited by both state authorities and by real or fake monks themselves. The essay seeks to offer some perspectives on this phenomenon by focusing on four cases preserved in archival records.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79329958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840024933-5
A. Usov
The article is devoted to a poorly studied subject — the contribution of cadres from the Special Expedition for Underwater Works (EPRON) to strengthening their readiness to repulse an external enemy in the Soviet Far East in the 1930s and early 1940s. The study is based on archival materials, some of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The main focus is on the specifics of the activities of EPRON’ cadres on the Pacific shores. Examples of works performed are given. The author comes to the conclusion that the participation of the EPRON in strengthening the defense potential of the Far Eastern borders of the USSR in the studied period 1932—1942 takes place during three stages closely related to the development of the fleet in the Pacific Ocean in the pre-war and first war years.
{"title":"The Participation of Cadres from the Special Expedition for Underwater Works (EPRON) in Strengthening the Defense Potential of the Far Eastern Borders of the USSR in 1932—1942","authors":"A. Usov","doi":"10.18254/s207987840024933-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024933-5","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a poorly studied subject — the contribution of cadres from the Special Expedition for Underwater Works (EPRON) to strengthening their readiness to repulse an external enemy in the Soviet Far East in the 1930s and early 1940s. The study is based on archival materials, some of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The main focus is on the specifics of the activities of EPRON’ cadres on the Pacific shores. Examples of works performed are given. The author comes to the conclusion that the participation of the EPRON in strengthening the defense potential of the Far Eastern borders of the USSR in the studied period 1932—1942 takes place during three stages closely related to the development of the fleet in the Pacific Ocean in the pre-war and first war years.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"280 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86943481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840025057-1
N. Kozlova
The article is based on the petitions of royal icon painters and painters of the Oruzheynaya palata, decrees, and court materials of the 1630s — 1690s. It deals with the conditions and circumstances of their daily life outside of work. It consisted of worries about salaries, his payments and increases; about housing, its arrangement and security; from fighting fires and their consequences; from conflicts with neighbors, as well as from intra-family joys and sorrows. Recruited to perform palace works from Moscow and residents of different cities, the masters of icon and painting had the status of a service population and among Moscow residents constituted a special professional community with stable connections and relationships. Palace masters turned to the king for help due to lack of funds, on the occasion of illness and other worldly misfortunes. Such assistance was provided in the form of one-time income and grain allocations or loans for the purchase of a yard, to cover debts, to restore a household that died in fires, and in connection with family matters (marriage, childbirth and baptism, death and burial of the deceased). This manifested the features of the patronage of the palace institution in relation to the masters who were under his control.
{"title":"Everyday Worries and Material Life of Sovereign Icon Painters and Painters of Moscow in Pre-Petrine Rus’","authors":"N. Kozlova","doi":"10.18254/s207987840025057-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840025057-1","url":null,"abstract":"The article is based on the petitions of royal icon painters and painters of the Oruzheynaya palata, decrees, and court materials of the 1630s — 1690s. It deals with the conditions and circumstances of their daily life outside of work. It consisted of worries about salaries, his payments and increases; about housing, its arrangement and security; from fighting fires and their consequences; from conflicts with neighbors, as well as from intra-family joys and sorrows. Recruited to perform palace works from Moscow and residents of different cities, the masters of icon and painting had the status of a service population and among Moscow residents constituted a special professional community with stable connections and relationships. Palace masters turned to the king for help due to lack of funds, on the occasion of illness and other worldly misfortunes. Such assistance was provided in the form of one-time income and grain allocations or loans for the purchase of a yard, to cover debts, to restore a household that died in fires, and in connection with family matters (marriage, childbirth and baptism, death and burial of the deceased). This manifested the features of the patronage of the palace institution in relation to the masters who were under his control.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89348135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207987840024938-0
D. Surzhik
An article based on recently declassified documents from the U. S. National Security Archive reveals the so-called “Houston Plan”. Prepared by the White House and U. S. intelligence officials, it envisioned a range of covert operations from surveillance of political radicals and criminal organizations (such as the Black Panthers) to breaking into the offices of social organizations suspected of disloyalty. The plan, named after Tom Charles Houston, a young White House liaison to the Interagency Intelligence Committee (IIC), played a role in the impeachment of President Richard Nixon by providing evidence of his abuses of the FBI and other executive branch agencies.
一篇基于美国国家安全档案馆最近解密的文件的文章揭示了所谓的“休斯顿计划”。该计划由白宫和美国情报官员准备，设想了一系列秘密行动，从监视政治激进分子和犯罪组织(如黑豹党)到闯入涉嫌不忠的社会组织的办公室。该计划以汤姆·查尔斯·休斯顿(Tom Charles Houston)的名字命名，他是白宫跨部门情报委员会(IIC)的一名年轻联络员。该计划提供了尼克松总统滥用联邦调查局(FBI)和其他行政部门的证据，在弹劾尼克松总统的过程中发挥了作用。
{"title":"\"The Houston Plan\": an Unrealized Project of Interaction between American Intelligence Agencies in the Early 1970s","authors":"D. Surzhik","doi":"10.18254/s207987840024938-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024938-0","url":null,"abstract":"An article based on recently declassified documents from the U. S. National Security Archive reveals the so-called “Houston Plan”. Prepared by the White House and U. S. intelligence officials, it envisioned a range of covert operations from surveillance of political radicals and criminal organizations (such as the Black Panthers) to breaking into the offices of social organizations suspected of disloyalty. The plan, named after Tom Charles Houston, a young White House liaison to the Interagency Intelligence Committee (IIC), played a role in the impeachment of President Richard Nixon by providing evidence of his abuses of the FBI and other executive branch agencies.","PeriodicalId":43742,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskaya Istoriya","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87189626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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