Pub Date : 2016-12-08DOI: 10.1590/0101-4161464977GLED
G. C. Moreira, Leonardo Bornacki de Mattos, Evandro Camargos Teixeira, Dênis Antônio da Cunha
A violencia contra as mulheres implica custos diretos e indiretos ao individuo, a familia e a sociedade, atingindo principalmente as classes de baixa renda. Diante dessa realidade, o presente estudo procurou analisar como uma politica publica de transferencia de renda condicionada - Programa Bolsa Familia (PBF) e capaz de influenciar tal fenomeno. Os resultados encontrados apresentam evidencias de que o PBF possui efeito de aumentar a violencia contra a mulher. Ademais, aquelas domiciliadas no meio rural, com baixa escolaridade e com rendimentos relativamente menores aos do conjuge sao as que merecem maior atencao, uma vez que este grupo possui maior risco de sofrer violencia. Como sugestao, as politicas publicas deveriam expandir a condicionalidade da saude para a mulher por meio de acoes educativas, como o acompanhamento da situacao intrafamiliar, que e fornecido pela assistencia social do Servico de Protecao e Atendimento Integral a Familia - PAIF.
{"title":"Programa Bolsa Família e violência doméstica contra a mulher no Brasil","authors":"G. C. Moreira, Leonardo Bornacki de Mattos, Evandro Camargos Teixeira, Dênis Antônio da Cunha","doi":"10.1590/0101-4161464977GLED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-4161464977GLED","url":null,"abstract":"A violencia contra as mulheres implica custos diretos e indiretos ao individuo, a familia e a sociedade, atingindo principalmente as classes de baixa renda. Diante dessa realidade, o presente estudo procurou analisar como uma politica publica de transferencia de renda condicionada - Programa Bolsa Familia (PBF) e capaz de influenciar tal fenomeno. Os resultados encontrados apresentam evidencias de que o PBF possui efeito de aumentar a violencia contra a mulher. Ademais, aquelas domiciliadas no meio rural, com baixa escolaridade e com rendimentos relativamente menores aos do conjuge sao as que merecem maior atencao, uma vez que este grupo possui maior risco de sofrer violencia. Como sugestao, as politicas publicas deveriam expandir a condicionalidade da saude para a mulher por meio de acoes educativas, como o acompanhamento da situacao intrafamiliar, que e fornecido pela assistencia social do Servico de Protecao e Atendimento Integral a Familia - PAIF.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"41 1","pages":"973-1002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86771589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-08DOI: 10.1590/0101-416146495VLFS
Viviane Luporini, F. Souza
This paper analyses the motives for foreign exchange interventions in Brazil in recent years. Using monthly data, we estimated the effects of volatility and exchange rate misalignments on the probability of intervention. Our results indicate that, as formally stated by the Brazilian Central Bank, foreign interventions have reacted to excess volatility in the exchange market, but we also find strong evidence that interventions have in fact aimed at curbing exchange rate misalignments. We find, moreover, that interventions are affected more strongly by episodes of devaluations of the local currency, vis-a-vis episodes of overvaluation, indicating asymmetric behavior of the Brazilian Central Bank.
{"title":"A política cambial brasileira de facto: 1999-2015","authors":"Viviane Luporini, F. Souza","doi":"10.1590/0101-416146495VLFS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-416146495VLFS","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the motives for foreign exchange interventions in Brazil in recent years. Using monthly data, we estimated the effects of volatility and exchange rate misalignments on the probability of intervention. Our results indicate that, as formally stated by the Brazilian Central Bank, foreign interventions have reacted to excess volatility in the exchange market, but we also find strong evidence that interventions have in fact aimed at curbing exchange rate misalignments. We find, moreover, that interventions are affected more strongly by episodes of devaluations of the local currency, vis-a-vis episodes of overvaluation, indicating asymmetric behavior of the Brazilian Central Bank.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"48 1","pages":"909-936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76560341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-16DOI: 10.4067/S0718-52862016000200001
P. D. L. Monelos, Carlos Piñeiro Sánchez, M. López
Este articulo ofrece un analisis comparativo de la eficacia de ocho metodos de pronostico populares: univariante, regresiones lineal, discriminante y logit, particionamiento recursivo, rough sets, redes neuronales artificiales, y DEA. Nuestros objetivos son: aclarar el equilibrio complejidad-efectividad de cada metodologia; identificar un subconjunto de variables como predictores significativos independientemente de la metodologia; y discutir y relacionar estos hallazgos con la teoria financiera, para ayudar a consolidar las bases de una teoria del fallo financiero. Nuestros resultados indican que, cualquiera que sea la metodologia, se pueden emitir predicciones fiables usando cuatro variables, que contienen informacion acerca de rentabilidad, estructura financiera, rotacion, y flujos de caja.
{"title":"Predicción del fracaso empresarial: Una contribución a la síntesis de una teoría mediante el análisis comparativo de distintas técnicas de predicción","authors":"P. D. L. Monelos, Carlos Piñeiro Sánchez, M. López","doi":"10.4067/S0718-52862016000200001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-52862016000200001","url":null,"abstract":"Este articulo ofrece un analisis comparativo de la eficacia de ocho metodos de pronostico populares: univariante, regresiones lineal, discriminante y logit, particionamiento recursivo, rough sets, redes neuronales artificiales, y DEA. Nuestros objetivos son: aclarar el equilibrio complejidad-efectividad de cada metodologia; identificar un subconjunto de variables como predictores significativos independientemente de la metodologia; y discutir y relacionar estos hallazgos con la teoria financiera, para ayudar a consolidar las bases de una teoria del fallo financiero. Nuestros resultados indican que, cualquiera que sea la metodologia, se pueden emitir predicciones fiables usando cuatro variables, que contienen informacion acerca de rentabilidad, estructura financiera, rotacion, y flujos de caja.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"36 1","pages":"163-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80718632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-52862016000200004
C. Martín, Begoña Herrero Piqueras, Ana Escribano
This study investigates the informational role of thin options markets, specifically the Spanish options market. Firstly, we examine the effect of options markets by analysing stock market reaction to earnings news, conditional on the availability of options markets. Secondly, we examine options trading activity before the release of earnings news (including the announcement period). The results show that the impact on prices before the earnings release is significantly bigger when options trading is available. Moreover, the dissemination of earnings news is associated with significant unusual activity in the options market due to informed trading, especially when the earnings surprise is highly good.
{"title":"The informational role of thin options markets: Empirical evidence from the Spanish case","authors":"C. Martín, Begoña Herrero Piqueras, Ana Escribano","doi":"10.4067/S0718-52862016000200004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-52862016000200004","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the informational role of thin options markets, specifically the Spanish options market. Firstly, we examine the effect of options markets by analysing stock market reaction to earnings news, conditional on the availability of options markets. Secondly, we examine options trading activity before the release of earnings news (including the announcement period). The results show that the impact on prices before the earnings release is significantly bigger when options trading is available. Moreover, the dissemination of earnings news is associated with significant unusual activity in the options market due to informed trading, especially when the earnings surprise is highly good.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"68 1","pages":"233-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89489649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-15DOI: 10.1590/0101-416146357VJV
V. Silva, João Mário Santos de França, Valdemar Pinho Neto
This paper investigates factors that may explain the reduction in wage inequality in Brazil between 1995 and 2014 using a decomposition method suggested by Yun (2006). This method is a synthesis of two another methods, a decomposition proposed by Juhn, Murphy and Pierce (1993) and the other was suggested by Fields (2003). The application of these methods provides a greater level of detail in the decomposition exercise by allowing get the price and quantity effects associated with each of the explanatory variables in the wage equation. The results based on PNAD data, shows that the recent decline in the wage inequality was due mainly to the human capital accumulation, while frictions in the labor market (segmentation and discrimination) seem to have played a secondary role in this process. The price effect associated with human capital was the main reason for this reduction and, in particular, the fall in returns to education played an important role in this result.
{"title":"CAPITAL HUMANO E DESIGUALDADE SALARIAL NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE DE DECOMPOSIÇÃO PARA O PERÍODO 2001-2012","authors":"V. Silva, João Mário Santos de França, Valdemar Pinho Neto","doi":"10.1590/0101-416146357VJV","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-416146357VJV","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates factors that may explain the reduction in wage inequality in Brazil between 1995 and 2014 using a decomposition method suggested by Yun (2006). This method is a synthesis of two another methods, a decomposition proposed by Juhn, Murphy and Pierce (1993) and the other was suggested by Fields (2003). The application of these methods provides a greater level of detail in the decomposition exercise by allowing get the price and quantity effects associated with each of the explanatory variables in the wage equation. The results based on PNAD data, shows that the recent decline in the wage inequality was due mainly to the human capital accumulation, while frictions in the labor market (segmentation and discrimination) seem to have played a secondary role in this process. The price effect associated with human capital was the main reason for this reduction and, in particular, the fall in returns to education played an important role in this result.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"271 1","pages":"579-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79532720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-15DOI: 10.1590/0101-416146370SNE
Sebastião Neto Ribeiro Guedes, E. Carvalho
The paper has described and analyzed the methodological discussion presented by Elinor Ostrom seeking in it the popperian influence. It focused on the Rationality Principle and Situational analysis concepts trough Popper contributes for Social Sciences methodology. The paper argues that Ostrom recognize the popperian influence and seeks to apply it in her case studies. The paper also shows that the methodology of the author gradually open to a more plural methodological interlocution preserving, despite this, essentials aspects of popperian methodology.
{"title":"Ecos popperianos na metodologia econômica de Elinor Ostrom","authors":"Sebastião Neto Ribeiro Guedes, E. Carvalho","doi":"10.1590/0101-416146370SNE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-416146370SNE","url":null,"abstract":"The paper has described and analyzed the methodological discussion presented by Elinor Ostrom seeking in it the popperian influence. It focused on the Rationality Principle and Situational analysis concepts trough Popper contributes for Social Sciences methodology. The paper argues that Ostrom recognize the popperian influence and seeks to apply it in her case studies. The paper also shows that the methodology of the author gradually open to a more plural methodological interlocution preserving, despite this, essentials aspects of popperian methodology.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"63 1","pages":"675-699"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85663250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-15DOI: 10.1590/0101-416146376AMS
Alexandre Macchione Saes
{"title":"Economia e política na ordem Imperial: o Banco do Brasil, 1853-1866.","authors":"Alexandre Macchione Saes","doi":"10.1590/0101-416146376AMS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-416146376AMS","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"39 1","pages":"733-740"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80354594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-15DOI: 10.1590/0101-416146364TEA
T. Silva, E. Ribeiro, A. Modenesi
Economic theory recognize the central role of expectations on decision making in an environment without perfect foresight. The relatively long literature on the determinants of banking spread in Brazil has considered this issue only superficially, not including direct measures of market expectations of macroeconomic variables. These variables, that may affect the bank's strategies in the process of the profitability optimization, are routinely disseminated by the Central monetary and banking regulatory agency and market participants. We include these macroeconomic measures in a dynamic empirical model of bank specific bank spreads following Maudos and Solis (2009), using quarterly data from 2003 to 2011. The sample includes the period after the recent world economic crisis. The results support the hypothesis posed here that expactational macroeconomic variables, such as expected inflation and future interest rates, are relevant in determining the banking spread in Brazil, even conditional to current observed values.
{"title":"Determinantes macroeconômicos e o papel das expectativas: uma análise do spread bancário no Brasil (2003-2011)","authors":"T. Silva, E. Ribeiro, A. Modenesi","doi":"10.1590/0101-416146364TEA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-416146364TEA","url":null,"abstract":"Economic theory recognize the central role of expectations on decision making in an environment without perfect foresight. The relatively long literature on the determinants of banking spread in Brazil has considered this issue only superficially, not including direct measures of market expectations of macroeconomic variables. These variables, that may affect the bank's strategies in the process of the profitability optimization, are routinely disseminated by the Central monetary and banking regulatory agency and market participants. We include these macroeconomic measures in a dynamic empirical model of bank specific bank spreads following Maudos and Solis (2009), using quarterly data from 2003 to 2011. The sample includes the period after the recent world economic crisis. The results support the hypothesis posed here that expactational macroeconomic variables, such as expected inflation and future interest rates, are relevant in determining the banking spread in Brazil, even conditional to current observed values.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"73 1","pages":"643-673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80505011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-15DOI: 10.1590/0101-416146360APM
A. P. Avellar, M. A. D. R. Botelho
This paper analyses, for the first time, the impact of the supporting programs concerning innovative activities in Brazilian small firms. Using the Propensity Score Matching technique with the PINTEC database (2010), we analyze the impacts of the tax incentives, grants, financing, RHAE and venture capital programs. The conclusion of the empirical study is that the innovation-oriented supporting programs, as a whole, accomplish the task of increasing the Brazilian small firms spending with innovative activities. Studying each program in particular, the conclusion is that the most effective ones are the general financing programs and the programs that support the purchase of machinery and equipments.
{"title":"EFEITOS DAS POLÍTICAS DE INOVAÇÃO NOS GASTOS COM ATIVIDADES INOVATIVAS DAS PEQUENAS EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS","authors":"A. P. Avellar, M. A. D. R. Botelho","doi":"10.1590/0101-416146360APM","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-416146360APM","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses, for the first time, the impact of the supporting programs concerning innovative activities in Brazilian small firms. Using the Propensity Score Matching technique with the PINTEC database (2010), we analyze the impacts of the tax incentives, grants, financing, RHAE and venture capital programs. The conclusion of the empirical study is that the innovation-oriented supporting programs, as a whole, accomplish the task of increasing the Brazilian small firms spending with innovative activities. Studying each program in particular, the conclusion is that the most effective ones are the general financing programs and the programs that support the purchase of machinery and equipments.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"41 1","pages":"609-642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74114143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-15DOI: 10.1590/0101-416146373KVR
Kamila Vieira de Mendonça, Ricardo Brito Soares
Microcredit programs have been expanding in many countries as an alternative to productive insertion of low-income microentrepreneurs. In most cases, programs have a bias in the allocation of loans for women, assuming a greater commitment to these payments, from your best position in the family and society. The objective of this work is to verify whether there is a path of growth for this type of client, and if it is differentiated by gender. In this way, it estimates growth equations for microenterprises of the Crediamigo Program for the period of 2005 to 2009. The equations are estimated by linear mixed effect models, as proposed by Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal (2012). The results show that there is a growth path, but with diminishing returns. Additionally, average return rates are higher for men; but women have lower risk in their trajectories.
{"title":"Trajetória de crescimento para microempreendedores: diferencial de gênero dos clientes do programa crediamigo","authors":"Kamila Vieira de Mendonça, Ricardo Brito Soares","doi":"10.1590/0101-416146373KVR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-416146373KVR","url":null,"abstract":"Microcredit programs have been expanding in many countries as an alternative to productive insertion of low-income microentrepreneurs. In most cases, programs have a bias in the allocation of loans for women, assuming a greater commitment to these payments, from your best position in the family and society. The objective of this work is to verify whether there is a path of growth for this type of client, and if it is differentiated by gender. In this way, it estimates growth equations for microenterprises of the Crediamigo Program for the period of 2005 to 2009. The equations are estimated by linear mixed effect models, as proposed by Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal (2012). The results show that there is a growth path, but with diminishing returns. Additionally, average return rates are higher for men; but women have lower risk in their trajectories.","PeriodicalId":43766,"journal":{"name":"Estudios De Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"701-731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90813942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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