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The Advancement of Sustainable Development Goal 16: An analysis of Performance Management Systems in South African Local Government 可持续发展目标16的推进:南非地方政府绩效管理系统分析
IF 2.9 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0401003
Dr. Lwando Mdleleni
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引用次数: 0
Rural-Urban Dependency as a Bane of Rural Development in Nigeria 城乡依赖是尼日利亚农村发展的祸根
Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0501002
Tochukwu S. Ezeudu
Abstract This study examined rural-urban dependency in Nigeria by analyzing socio-economic characteristics, and perceptions of dependency among rural and urban communities in six states. A mixed-methods approach was employed, with stratified random sampling used to select participants from rural and urban communities. The findings revealed that rural-urban migration in Nigeria is driven by economic factors and that there is a high level of interdependence between rural and urban communities. The study highlights the complex dynamics of rural-urban dependency and the need for a comprehensive approach to address these challenges. The implications of the findings include the need for targeted rural development programs, improved access to basic amenities in rural areas, incorporation of rural-urban linkages in urban planning, and policies promoting rural integration into the national economy. Recommendations include increased government investment in rural development, provision of incentives for private sector investment in rural areas, improvement of education quality in rural areas, and continued research and monitoring of rural-urban migration patterns. Implementation of these recommendations can promote sustainable development in both rural and urban areas. Keywords: Rural-urban dependency, Rural development, Socio-economic characteristics, Nigeria, Interdependence.
摘要本研究通过分析尼日利亚6个州的社会经济特征,以及农村和城市社区对依赖性的看法,考察了尼日利亚的城乡依赖性。采用混合方法,采用分层随机抽样从农村和城市社区中选择参与者。调查结果显示,尼日利亚的农村向城市迁移是由经济因素驱动的,农村和城市社区之间存在高度的相互依存关系。该研究强调了城乡依赖关系的复杂动态,以及需要采取综合办法来应对这些挑战。调查结果的含义包括有必要制定有针对性的农村发展方案,改善农村地区获得基本便利设施的机会,将城乡联系纳入城市规划,以及制定促进农村融入国民经济的政策。建议包括增加政府对农村发展的投资,为私营部门在农村地区的投资提供奖励,改善农村地区的教育质量,以及继续研究和监测农村-城市移徙模式。执行这些建议可以促进农村和城市地区的可持续发展。关键词:城乡依赖,农村发展,社会经济特征,尼日利亚,相互依存
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引用次数: 0
Rural-Urban Dependency as a Bane of Rural Development in Nigeria 城乡依赖是尼日利亚农村发展的祸根
IF 2.9 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0401002
Tochukwu S. Ezeudu
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引用次数: 0
Merit or Marionettes? An Analysis of Decision-Making and the Political Control of Federal Project Grant Awards 功绩还是木偶?联邦项目拨款的决策与政治控制分析
Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0501005
Jordan T. Long, Benjamin M. Brunjes
Abstract Project grants, which are designated to fund a particular program or initiative, are supposed to be awarded based on the technical merit of the grant application. However, public administrators are commonly influenced by political priorities. We ask whether administrators prioritize merit or political objectives when awarding project grants. We identify three decision-making processes used to award project grants: political, administrative, and exported. Then, using data from eight U.S. federal grant programs from 2008 – 2015, we analyze whether grants using each of these decision-making processes show signs of political influence. We find evidence that grants using either political or administrative forms of decision-making are susceptible to legislative priorities. Grants awarded by third-party experts show no evidence of political influence. We conclude that political factors are important for the allocation of project grants, offering insights into the interdependent relationship between legislators and administrators. Keywords: Decision-Making, Politics, Grants, Contracts, Pork Barrel Politics, Federalism, Political Control, Bureaucratic Politics, Public Administration.
项目拨款是指定用于资助一个特定的计划或计划的,应该是基于拨款申请的技术价值来授予的。然而,公共行政人员通常受到政治优先事项的影响。我们询问管理者在授予项目资助时是否优先考虑绩效或政治目标。我们确定了用于授予项目赠款的三种决策过程:政治、行政和出口。然后,使用2008年至2015年八个美国联邦拨款项目的数据,我们分析了使用这些决策过程的拨款是否显示出政治影响的迹象。我们发现有证据表明,使用政治或行政决策形式的赠款容易受到立法优先事项的影响。第三方专家颁发的赠款没有显示出政治影响的证据。我们得出的结论是,政治因素对项目拨款的分配很重要,这为立法者和管理者之间的相互依存关系提供了见解。关键词:决策,政治,拨款,合同,猪肉桶政治,联邦制,政治控制,官僚政治,公共行政。
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引用次数: 0
The Advancement of Sustainable Development Goal 16: An analysis of Performance Management Systems in South African Local Government 可持续发展目标16的推进:南非地方政府绩效管理系统分析
Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0501003
Dr. Lwando Mdleleni
Abstract This research paper discusses the implementation of performance management in the South African local government, with a specific focus on the O.R. Tambo District Municipality (ORTDM). The aim of the study is to investigate the obstacles to effective performance management and determine the compliance of the local government with performance management as stated in the white paper in order to improve service delivery. The research methodology used in the study is qualitative research, which involves collecting descriptive data through interviews and document analysis. The paper specifically focuses on the challenges faced by Section 57 employees (Municipal Manager, Directors, and Assistant Directors) in implementing the Performance Management System within the O.R. Tambo District Municipality. The findings of the study highlight several challenges to effective performance management in ORTDM. One major obstacle identified is the lack of training and development opportunities for employees. The municipality lacks a proper training policy, resulting in employees not having the necessary skills and understanding of performance management. This issue is exacerbated by the changes in the local government system and the loss of valuable skills and institutional memory. Overall, the research paper highlights the need for addressing these challenges in order to improve performance management and service delivery in the South African local government, particularly in the O.R. Tambo District Municipality. It emphasizes the importance of training and development, overcoming resistance to change, establishing effective communication strategies, and promoting public participation and accountability. Keywords: Local Government, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Performance Management System, Municipal Systems, Municipality, Service Delivery.
摘要本研究论文讨论了绩效管理在南非地方政府的实施,特别关注O.R.坦博区市政当局(ORTDM)。本研究的目的是调查有效绩效管理的障碍,并确定地方政府是否遵守白皮书中所述的绩效管理,以改善服务提供。研究中使用的研究方法是定性研究,包括通过访谈和文件分析收集描述性数据。本文特别关注了第57节员工(市政经理、主任和助理主任)在O.R.坦博区实施绩效管理系统时所面临的挑战。研究结果突出了ORTDM中有效绩效管理的几个挑战。确定的一个主要障碍是员工缺乏培训和发展机会。市政当局缺乏适当的培训政策,导致员工不具备必要的技能,也不了解绩效管理。地方政府体制的变化以及宝贵技能和机构记忆的丧失加剧了这一问题。总体而言,研究报告强调了解决这些挑战的必要性,以改善南非地方政府的绩效管理和服务提供,特别是在O.R.坦博区市政当局。它强调培训和发展的重要性,克服对变革的阻力,建立有效的沟通战略,促进公众参与和责任制。关键词:地方政府,可持续发展目标(SDGs),绩效管理体系,市政系统,市政,服务提供
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引用次数: 0
Autocratization and public administration: the revolutionary-populist regime in Venezuela in comparative perspective 独裁与公共行政:比较视角下的委内瑞拉革命-民粹主义政权
IF 2.9 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23276665.2022.2148262
Wolfgang Muno, Héctor Briceño
ABSTRACT What happens to state bureaucracies when authoritarianism emerges? How do autocrats seek to use the administration to their ends, and how does it react? The paper analyzes Venezuela as a showcase for autocratization in Latin America. Under Chavismo-Madurismo, the general objective of the regime was to expand and co-opt all the state institutions, including public administration, to subordinate it to the “revolution” and to gain control over oil revenues. As the central aspect of the paper, we will analyse the strategies of the Chavista governments vis á vis the administration to achieve these goals. We identify three main strategies that were used to sideline the bureaucracy: repression and firing; circumventing and neglecting; and militarisation. With these strategies, Chavismo-Madurismo dismantled the former existing public administration and installed a new administration, loyal to the regime, as a part of the process of autocratization. The paper also addresses how the autocratic regime has (mis)used the public management of the Covid-pandemic to strengthen autocracy under the disguise of a state of emergency.
当威权主义出现时,国家官僚机构会发生什么?独裁者是如何利用政府达到他们的目的的?政府又是如何反应的?这篇论文分析了委内瑞拉作为拉丁美洲独裁的样板。在查韦斯-马杜里主义统治下,政权的总体目标是扩大和吸纳包括公共行政在内的所有国家机构,使其服从于“革命”,并获得对石油收入的控制。作为本文的中心部分,我们将分析查韦斯政府相对于政府实现这些目标的策略。我们确定了三种被用来边缘化官僚机构的主要策略:镇压和解雇;回避和忽视;和军事化。通过这些策略,查韦斯主义-马杜里斯主义瓦解了以前存在的公共行政,并建立了一个忠于现政权的新政府,作为独裁进程的一部分。文章还讨论了专制政权如何(错误地)利用新冠疫情的公共管理,在紧急状态的幌子下加强专制。
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引用次数: 3
An Exploration of the Localization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) in Municipalities: A Case of South African Municipalities 城市可持续发展目标本土化的探索——以南非城市为例
Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0501001
Mpilo Ngubane, Dr. Strinivassan Pillay
Abstract The slow pace within which the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targets were achieved necessitated that 193 United Nations (UN) member states develop the Agenda 2030 popularly known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Whilst many developed countries find it easy to implement the SDGs, underdeveloped and developing countries such as South Africa will inherently find it difficult to implement the SDGs. The ambitious United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have been criticized for being universal, broadly framed, inconsistent and difficult to quantify, implement and monitor. The burden of implementation will be worse when it comes to local governments or municipalities which are faced with service delivery challenges on daily basis. Many proponents of SDGs believe that the success of the implementation of the SDGs lies in successful localization at the municipal level. It is for this reason that this study explored the localization of the SDGs in South African Municipalities. It looked at the theoretical framework of the SDGs. It used qualitative research design and employed semi-structured interviews to gather information from senior managers in local government across South Africa. The study found that some municipalities do have Institutional Frameworks, processes and plans to localize the SDGs however the level of implementation is still very low and needs to be intensified hence an implementation model is recommended by this study. Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Localization of the SDGs, Implementation, Sustainability, Leaving no-one behind, Alignment, Leveraging, Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR).
千年发展目标(Millennium Development Goals, MDGs)的实现速度缓慢,迫使193个联合国成员国制定了2030年议程,俗称可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs)。虽然许多发达国家认为实施可持续发展目标很容易,但像南非这样的不发达国家和发展中国家自然会发现实施可持续发展目标很困难。雄心勃勃的联合国可持续发展目标(sdg)因其普遍性、框架宽泛、不一致以及难以量化、实施和监测而受到批评。对于每天都面临服务提供挑战的地方政府或直辖市来说,执行负担将更加沉重。许多可持续发展目标的支持者认为,可持续发展目标的成功实施取决于城市层面的成功本地化。正是出于这个原因,本研究探讨了可持续发展目标在南非城市的本地化。它研究了可持续发展目标的理论框架。它采用定性研究设计和半结构化访谈,从南非地方政府的高级管理人员那里收集信息。研究发现,一些城市确实有将可持续发展目标本地化的体制框架、流程和计划,但实施水平仍然很低,需要加强,因此本研究建议采用一种实施模式。关键词:可持续发展目标(sdg),可持续发展目标本土化,实施,可持续性,不让任何人掉队,协调,杠杆,第四次工业革命(4IR)
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引用次数: 0
An Exploration of the Localization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) in Municipalities: A Case of South African Municipalities 城市可持续发展目标本土化的探索——以南非城市为例
IF 2.9 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0401001
Prof. Mpilo Ngubane, Dr. S. Vasantha Pillay
The slow pace within which the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targets were achieved necessitated that 193 United Nations (UN) member states develop the Agenda 2030 popularly known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Whilst many developed countries find it easy to implement the SDGs, underdeveloped and developing countries such as South Africa will inherently find it difficult to implement the SDGs. The ambitious United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have been criticized for being universal, broadly framed, inconsistent and difficult to quantify, implement and monitor. The burden of implementation will be worse when it comes to local governments or municipalities which are faced with service delivery challenges on daily basis. Many proponents of SDGs believe that the success of the implementation of the SDGs lies in successful localization at the municipal level. It is for this reason that this study explored the localization of the SDGs in South African Municipalities. It looked at the theoretical framework of the SDGs. It used qualitative research design and employed semi-structured interviews to gather information from senior managers in local government across South Africa. The study found that some municipalities do have Institutional Frameworks, processes and plans to localize the SDGs however the level of implementation is still very low and needs to be intensified hence an implementation model is recommended by this study.
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引用次数: 0
Workers’ Participation in Decision Processes and the Performance of Public Sector: The Case of Federal Road Safety Corps Anambra State Command, 2011 - 202 工人在决策过程中的参与和公共部门的绩效:以联邦道路安全队阿南布拉州司令部为例,2011 - 202
Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0502001
Obi Yves Mary Virginia, Chukwueloka Stella Chioma, Emenike Ekene
Abstract This study overviews employee’s participation in decision making in Nigerian Public sector using Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) Anambra state Command with a view to ascertain the level of workers participation in decision-making, and determine its impact on FRSC corporate performance between 2011 - 2022. The study is quantitative in nature and used researcher’s structured Likert scale questionnaire format to generate data from 360 respondents, which was complemented by extensive review of related literature. SPSS version 20.0 tools were used to analyse the data. Results of analysis reveal workers do not participation in decision-making but are solely responsible for its implementation; and prevalence of corporate poor performance in FRSC Anambra state Command. Therefore, the study observes a statistically significant relationship between workers’ participation in decision-making and corporate performance in the public sector. Primarily, the study recommends the democratisation of decision making in the FRSC Anambra state Command in order to enhance performance. Keywords: Decision Processes, Workers, Participation, FRSC, Nigeria.
本研究以联邦道路安全军团(FRSC)阿南布拉州司令部为研究对象,对尼日利亚公共部门员工参与决策的情况进行了概述,以确定2011 - 2022年期间员工参与决策的水平,并确定其对FRSC公司绩效的影响。本研究本质上是定量的,使用研究者的结构化李克特量表问卷格式从360名受访者中生成数据,并辅以广泛的相关文献回顾。采用SPSS 20.0版本工具对数据进行分析。分析结果显示,员工并不参与决策,而是全权负责决策的实施;以及FRSC阿南布拉州司令部企业绩效不佳的普遍现象。因此,本研究观察到公共部门员工参与决策与公司绩效之间存在统计学上显著的关系。首先,该研究建议FRSC阿南布拉州司令部的决策民主化,以提高绩效。关键词:决策过程,工人,参与,FRSC,尼日利亚。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Employee Compensation and Benefits on Operating Performance 员工薪酬福利对经营绩效的影响
Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8318.0501004
Chia-Chi Lee
Abstract From the perspective of employee compensation and benefits, this paper probes into the impact of employee compensation and benefits on the overall operating performance of an accounting firm (hereinafter referred to as firm), identifies key benefits, and provides insights for decision making by firm managers on employee compensation and benefits. This paper suggests that firm managers should provide better compensation and benefits, which not only can enhance employee motivation at work and their sense of belonging to the firm and enhance service quality, but also improve the firm’s overall operating performance. Keywords: Employee Compensation And Benefits, Operating Performance, Accounting Firm.
摘要:本文从员工薪酬与福利的角度,探讨了员工薪酬与福利对会计师事务所(以下简称会计师事务所)整体经营绩效的影响,确定了关键利益,为会计师事务所管理者对员工薪酬与福利的决策提供了见解。本文认为,企业管理者应该提供更好的薪酬和福利,这不仅可以提高员工的工作积极性和对企业的归属感,提高服务质量,还可以提高企业的整体经营绩效。关键词:员工薪酬福利,经营绩效,会计师事务所。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration
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