Small World, the masterpiece of contemporary English writer David Lodge, is famous for its pursuing theme. Persse’s love pursuit is one of the prominent events in the novel. Readers always laugh at Persse’s pursuit, but leaves the reasons of why Persse’s pursuit is so funny untouched. This paper establishes “A continuum of Script Development” model based on Schank & Abelson (1977)’s personal script category, Gioia & Poole (1984)’s prototypical feature of script and Gibbs (2003)’s dynamic construing of script to reveal the knowledge structure of Persse’s love script. At the meantime, the paper specifies three actors (narrator, characters and readers) who construct the meanings of Persse’s love script. It is found that there are three different trails of Persse’s love pursuit under the examination of the script theory. The clashes between the three love scripts are one of the main reasons to achieving the humorous and ironic effects of the novel. Moreover, it expands the meaning of the metaphor LIFE IS A JOURNEY, and it highlights the death-rebirth theme of the novel.
{"title":"Reexamining the Three-Dimensional Meanings of Persse’s Love Scripts in Small World","authors":"Li-mei Li","doi":"10.3968/12187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12187","url":null,"abstract":"Small World, the masterpiece of contemporary English writer David Lodge, is famous for its pursuing theme. Persse’s love pursuit is one of the prominent events in the novel. Readers always laugh at Persse’s pursuit, but leaves the reasons of why Persse’s pursuit is so funny untouched. This paper establishes “A continuum of Script Development” model based on Schank & Abelson (1977)’s personal script category, Gioia & Poole (1984)’s prototypical feature of script and Gibbs (2003)’s dynamic construing of script to reveal the knowledge structure of Persse’s love script. At the meantime, the paper specifies three actors (narrator, characters and readers) who construct the meanings of Persse’s love script. It is found that there are three different trails of Persse’s love pursuit under the examination of the script theory. The clashes between the three love scripts are one of the main reasons to achieving the humorous and ironic effects of the novel. Moreover, it expands the meaning of the metaphor LIFE IS A JOURNEY, and it highlights the death-rebirth theme of the novel.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82037841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From the perspective of the theory of androgyny, this paper analyzes the embodiment and transformation of the androgyny in the protagonist Carla through her two attempts to run away and further points out that the androgyny imbalance is the primary cause of her tragic fate. Her failure to achieve a harmonious coexistence of masculinity and femininity to a state of relative equilibrium made her a victim of the patriarchal society.
{"title":"Analysis of the Life Tragedy of Carla in “Runaway” From the Perspective of Androgyny","authors":"Q. Zheng, Hui Liu","doi":"10.3968/12186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12186","url":null,"abstract":"From the perspective of the theory of androgyny, this paper analyzes the embodiment and transformation of the androgyny in the protagonist Carla through her two attempts to run away and further points out that the androgyny imbalance is the primary cause of her tragic fate. Her failure to achieve a harmonious coexistence of masculinity and femininity to a state of relative equilibrium made her a victim of the patriarchal society.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76327276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Straw House (草房子) written by Cao Wenxuan (曹文轩) had encountered overseas coldness before the writer won the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2016. Such a phenomenon has been attributed to three main reasons: copyright agents, translation challenges, promotion and review of social media. Taking the translation of five nursery rhymes as the research object which play a vital role in the English version of The Straw House , this study analyzed and explored the translation approaches of those nursery rhymes adopted by Sylvia Yu, Julian Chen and Christopher Malone. Through case analysis, a concrete analysis was made of the translation methods of the nursery rhymes, contrasted with the Chinese Mother Goose Rhymes by Isaac Taylor Headland, a book of similar genre. Based on Relevance Theory, a discussion of advantages and disadvantages of the translations was made before solutions were put forward to the translation problems which led to the failure to communicate the author’s intention to the target readers. It was found out that despite the attention to the reproduction of the original content by using literal strategy, the translation ignored the individual characteristics, contextual functions and the role in emotional expression that nursery rhymes play. In this process, the separation of the original information intention and communication intention, the loss of contextual presupposition and implication all resulted in the absence of relevancy which fails the communication. Based on the identified translation problems, some solutions were proposed. It is hoped that these solutions will bring inspirations to the translation of nursery rhymes in children’s literature.
{"title":"A Translation Analysis of Nursery Rhymes in the English Version of The Straw House Based on Relevance Theory: a Cognitive Approach","authors":"Jiaqi Wang, Shuo Cao","doi":"10.3968/12128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12128","url":null,"abstract":"The Straw House (草房子) written by Cao Wenxuan (曹文轩) had encountered overseas coldness before the writer won the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2016. Such a phenomenon has been attributed to three main reasons: copyright agents, translation challenges, promotion and review of social media. Taking the translation of five nursery rhymes as the research object which play a vital role in the English version of The Straw House , this study analyzed and explored the translation approaches of those nursery rhymes adopted by Sylvia Yu, Julian Chen and Christopher Malone. Through case analysis, a concrete analysis was made of the translation methods of the nursery rhymes, contrasted with the Chinese Mother Goose Rhymes by Isaac Taylor Headland, a book of similar genre. Based on Relevance Theory, a discussion of advantages and disadvantages of the translations was made before solutions were put forward to the translation problems which led to the failure to communicate the author’s intention to the target readers. It was found out that despite the attention to the reproduction of the original content by using literal strategy, the translation ignored the individual characteristics, contextual functions and the role in emotional expression that nursery rhymes play. In this process, the separation of the original information intention and communication intention, the loss of contextual presupposition and implication all resulted in the absence of relevancy which fails the communication. Based on the identified translation problems, some solutions were proposed. It is hoped that these solutions will bring inspirations to the translation of nursery rhymes in children’s literature.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80171962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T.S. Eliot has reached a stage of maturity in which he confirms the hollowness of the modern men. This realization may be due to his strong religious belief and his personal experience. His religious belief is a mixture of his previous belief and his new religious belief and these have been clear in “The Hollow Men”. Also his personal experience is quite rich as he has lived in the US and moved to England as well as visited Germany and France. Eliot has started the poems with two epigraphs which carry significant meanings and the beginning of the poem is a great stage as it contains the confession of the modern hollow men who act as Mr. Kirtz of The Heart of Darkness . Modern man is empty of spirituality, religion and real love as Eliot presented it in “The Hollow Men”. A textual approached is used along with a historical approach to explore the emptiness and hollowness of the modern man. It was found out that Eliot did not mean to humiliate the hollow men, but he rather praises them for repenting from their sins.
{"title":"Exploration of the Hollowness of the Modern Men in T.S. Eliot’s “The Hollow Men” (1925): An Analytical Approach","authors":"Mariwan Hasan","doi":"10.3968/12096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12096","url":null,"abstract":"T.S. Eliot has reached a stage of maturity in which he confirms the hollowness of the modern men. This realization may be due to his strong religious belief and his personal experience. His religious belief is a mixture of his previous belief and his new religious belief and these have been clear in “The Hollow Men”. Also his personal experience is quite rich as he has lived in the US and moved to England as well as visited Germany and France. Eliot has started the poems with two epigraphs which carry significant meanings and the beginning of the poem is a great stage as it contains the confession of the modern hollow men who act as Mr. Kirtz of The Heart of Darkness . Modern man is empty of spirituality, religion and real love as Eliot presented it in “The Hollow Men”. A textual approached is used along with a historical approach to explore the emptiness and hollowness of the modern man. It was found out that Eliot did not mean to humiliate the hollow men, but he rather praises them for repenting from their sins.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73323096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Base sur le corpus des entretiens, cet article cherche a analyser les motivations de l’apprentissage du chinois en Chine des etudiants africains. D’apres l’enquete, les motivations integratives n’ont pas exerce de grande influence sur leur choix, ce sont plutot les motivations instrumentales qui jouent le role decisif. Mais les deux motivations peuvent contribuer ensemble a pousser ces Africains a venir en Chine. De plus, les motivations evoluaient au cours de l’immersion, dans laquelle ces etudiants passent d’une motivation instrumentale a une motivation integrative de l’apprentissage du chinois.
{"title":"Motivation de l’apprentissage du chinois des étudiants africains en Chine","authors":"Sun Li","doi":"10.3968/12175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12175","url":null,"abstract":"Base sur le corpus des entretiens, cet article cherche a analyser les motivations de l’apprentissage du chinois en Chine des etudiants africains. D’apres l’enquete, les motivations integratives n’ont pas exerce de grande influence sur leur choix, ce sont plutot les motivations instrumentales qui jouent le role decisif. Mais les deux motivations peuvent contribuer ensemble a pousser ces Africains a venir en Chine. De plus, les motivations evoluaient au cours de l’immersion, dans laquelle ces etudiants passent d’une motivation instrumentale a une motivation integrative de l’apprentissage du chinois.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72906738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Swift’s poems received little attention in the past, which are replete with realism and satire. From the perspective of City-Writing, this article will analyze how Swift logically shuffled the filthy side of London into the sanctuary of poetry by means of satire and realism. Through the minute description of London, Swift gave the readers a sense of surprise and disgust to stimulate them to perform good deeds and to realize their self-redemption.
{"title":"The City-Writing of Jonathan Swift’s A Description of a City Shower","authors":"L. Zhong","doi":"10.3968/12158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12158","url":null,"abstract":"Jonathan Swift’s poems received little attention in the past, which are replete with realism and satire. From the perspective of City-Writing, this article will analyze how Swift logically shuffled the filthy side of London into the sanctuary of poetry by means of satire and realism. Through the minute description of London, Swift gave the readers a sense of surprise and disgust to stimulate them to perform good deeds and to realize their self-redemption.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84532687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phatic communion conversations are culturally-constrained speech acts happening every day and everywhere. Different cultural backgrounds between China and America will lead to the different applications of phatic communion. Considering American TV series as a mass media for cultural exchanges, subtitle plays a vital role in bridging two cultures. This paper introduces the related researches at home and abroad on phatic communion, summarizes the main methods adopted in translating different types of phatic communion by analyzing all the collected phatic communion conversations in Why Women Kill . The investigation of whether the subtitled phatic communion achieving the same illocutionary meaning that the original speakers trying to convey under the guide of politeness principles has been completed. The conclusion can be drawn as follows: the translator tends to apply different strategies in translating different types of phatic communion such as literal translation, paraphrase, cultural substitution, addition, condensation and specification methods to achieve the pragmatic equivalence between the original and the subtitle.
{"title":"On Phatic Communion Translation in Subtitle from the Perspective of Politeness Principles: A Case Study of the Chinese Subtitle of American TV Series Why Women Kill","authors":"Lei Yu, Yushan Zhao","doi":"10.3968/12203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12203","url":null,"abstract":"Phatic communion conversations are culturally-constrained speech acts happening every day and everywhere. Different cultural backgrounds between China and America will lead to the different applications of phatic communion. Considering American TV series as a mass media for cultural exchanges, subtitle plays a vital role in bridging two cultures. This paper introduces the related researches at home and abroad on phatic communion, summarizes the main methods adopted in translating different types of phatic communion by analyzing all the collected phatic communion conversations in Why Women Kill . The investigation of whether the subtitled phatic communion achieving the same illocutionary meaning that the original speakers trying to convey under the guide of politeness principles has been completed. The conclusion can be drawn as follows: the translator tends to apply different strategies in translating different types of phatic communion such as literal translation, paraphrase, cultural substitution, addition, condensation and specification methods to achieve the pragmatic equivalence between the original and the subtitle.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73476162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The allusions applied in traditional Chinese drama contain prolific cultural connotations, which aren’t familiar to English readers. Therefore, translators should take the interpretation of cultural meaning into consideration thoroughly in the process of translating allusions of traditional Chinese drama, so as to make the translation readable. This paper takes the English version of The Peony Pavilion translated by Xu Yuanchong as the research object, and analyzes its translation methods for the allusion of story and the allusion of language from the perspective of cultural translation, aiming to provide a reference for the translation of allusions in Chinese classical drama.
{"title":"On the Allusion Translation in Traditional Chinese Drama: A Case Study of the English Version of The Peony Pavilion","authors":"Ying Zhou, Y. Cao","doi":"10.3968/12140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12140","url":null,"abstract":"The allusions applied in traditional Chinese drama contain prolific cultural connotations, which aren’t familiar to English readers. Therefore, translators should take the interpretation of cultural meaning into consideration thoroughly in the process of translating allusions of traditional Chinese drama, so as to make the translation readable. This paper takes the English version of The Peony Pavilion translated by Xu Yuanchong as the research object, and analyzes its translation methods for the allusion of story and the allusion of language from the perspective of cultural translation, aiming to provide a reference for the translation of allusions in Chinese classical drama.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74242067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the reported plagiarism of some Chinese overseas students in their academic writings, it is urgent to investigate the perception of Chinese graduate students on plagiarism. To get their perception on intentional and unintentional plagiarism, a questionnaire is designed and conducted among graduate students at University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. This research finds that most of the respondents have a good understanding of plagiarism. Chinese graduate students still need to learn more about plagiarism, especially unintentional plagiarism, for writing research papers is just like navigating between Scylla and Charybdis. This research also points out that the study of plagiarism can be done from different perspectives, like from the perspective of university teachers, middle or high school students, and the management of journal publication.
{"title":"Navigating Between Scylla and Charybdis: Research on the Perception of Graduate Students at UCASS on Intentional and Unintentional Plagiarism","authors":"Lexiang Ling, Ling-yun Wang","doi":"10.3968/12127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12127","url":null,"abstract":"Given the reported plagiarism of some Chinese overseas students in their academic writings, it is urgent to investigate the perception of Chinese graduate students on plagiarism. To get their perception on intentional and unintentional plagiarism, a questionnaire is designed and conducted among graduate students at University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. This research finds that most of the respondents have a good understanding of plagiarism. Chinese graduate students still need to learn more about plagiarism, especially unintentional plagiarism, for writing research papers is just like navigating between Scylla and Charybdis. This research also points out that the study of plagiarism can be done from different perspectives, like from the perspective of university teachers, middle or high school students, and the management of journal publication.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72829327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Dionysian spirit is the core of Friedrich Nietzsche’s aesthetics, the origin of western irrationalism and is regarded as the beginning of Greek tragic spirit by Nietzsche. Eugene O’Neil was one of the most intelligent modern playwright in America and had wrote many tragedies throughout his life. It could be found that many characters in his tragedies were the adapted according to the archetypes in Greek mythologies, and most of whom demonstrate obvious Dionysian spirit. Yank in The Hairy Ape is the typical example. Applying Nietzsche’s Dionysian spirit to analyze Yank’s spiritual tragic can further trace American people’s alienation in the environments, O’Neil’s creative philosophy and his tragic aesthetics.
{"title":"Study on the Dionysian Spirit of Yank in The Hairy Ape","authors":"Ying Jiang","doi":"10.3968/12143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12143","url":null,"abstract":"The Dionysian spirit is the core of Friedrich Nietzsche’s aesthetics, the origin of western irrationalism and is regarded as the beginning of Greek tragic spirit by Nietzsche. Eugene O’Neil was one of the most intelligent modern playwright in America and had wrote many tragedies throughout his life. It could be found that many characters in his tragedies were the adapted according to the archetypes in Greek mythologies, and most of whom demonstrate obvious Dionysian spirit. Yank in The Hairy Ape is the typical example. Applying Nietzsche’s Dionysian spirit to analyze Yank’s spiritual tragic can further trace American people’s alienation in the environments, O’Neil’s creative philosophy and his tragic aesthetics.","PeriodicalId":44154,"journal":{"name":"TEXAS STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84799078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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