Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107721
Yue Wang , Weixuan Pan , Xiangjun Yang , Ende Song , Hui Zhang , Yiming Liu , Kehui Wang , Huiwen Wu , Qi Liu
In this study, a stable basil oil nanoemulsion was prepared by emulsifier-assisted ultrasonication. The optimized formulation exhibited excellent physical stability under ambient, refrigerated (4 °C), and heated (55 °C) conditions. It demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, inducing membrane disruption and oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated ROS and MDA levels. The nanoemulsion also showed significant antioxidant capacity, scavenging 95 % of DPPH and 86 % of ABTS radicals and achieving a FRAP value of 14.6 µmol/g at 200 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity analysis confirmed high biocompatibility, with cell viability exceeding 83 % in L02 and BEAS-2B cells at 16 mg/mL. When applied to beef packaging, the nanoemulsion effectively maintained pH, reduced microbial counts, and suppressed TVB-N accumulation, thereby prolonging meat freshness. These findings highlight its potential as a multifunctional preservative for food and biomedical applications.
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of ultrasound-mediated Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil nanoemulsion and its application in meat preservation","authors":"Yue Wang , Weixuan Pan , Xiangjun Yang , Ende Song , Hui Zhang , Yiming Liu , Kehui Wang , Huiwen Wu , Qi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a stable basil oil nanoemulsion was prepared by emulsifier-assisted ultrasonication. The optimized formulation exhibited excellent physical stability under ambient, refrigerated (4 °C), and heated (55 °C) conditions. It demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>, inducing membrane disruption and oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated ROS and MDA levels. The nanoemulsion also showed significant antioxidant capacity, scavenging 95 % of DPPH and 86 % of ABTS radicals and achieving a FRAP value of 14.6 µmol/g at 200 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity analysis confirmed high biocompatibility, with cell viability exceeding 83 % in L02 and BEAS-2B cells at 16 mg/mL. When applied to beef packaging, the nanoemulsion effectively maintained pH, reduced microbial counts, and suppressed TVB-N accumulation, thereby prolonging meat freshness. These findings highlight its potential as a multifunctional preservative for food and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107721"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107720
Jinfu Wang , Jiaxing Lin , Jiayue Wu , Honghong Pan , Jiaxuan Liao , Qinghui Lu , Ruo Wang , Jinfeng Wu , Jiawen Wang
Lysimachia christinae Hance (LCH), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, possesses the effects of “clearing heat and promoting diuresis, relieving stranguria and expelling stones, and detoxifying and protecting the kidneys”. This study for the first time developed an efficient, green, and economical ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) process for extracting LCH polysaccharides (LCHP-UAE). Meanwhile, it systematically investigated the mechanisms of action of UAE and hot water extraction (HWE) technologies for extracting LCH polysaccharides. Finally, it comparatively analyzed the differences in physicochemical properties, functional characteristics, and bioactivities between LCHP-UAE and LCH polysaccharides obtained by HWE (LCHP-HWE). It was found that under the optimal operating conditions of UAE obtained by response surface methodology optimization, the extraction yield of LCHP-UAE reached 8.25 ± 0.13 %. Compared with HWE, UAE strongly disrupted the cell walls of raw materials through cavitation effect and mechanical vibration, thereby improving mass transfer capacity. Compared with LCHP-HWE, LCHP-UAE exhibited characteristics such as lower MW and smaller particle size, increased content of uronic acid, better thermal stability, and stronger water- and oil-holding capacities.Owing to its unique structural advantages, LCHP-UAE showed superior antioxidant activity and kidney stone inhibitory effect. In conclusion, this study establishes a robust theoretical foundation for the efficient utilization of LCH and the deployment of LCHP-UAE in contexts including the food industry and kidney stone intervention.
{"title":"Application potential of Lysimachia christinae Hance polysaccharides in kidney stone prevention/treatment: a multidimensional comparison between ultrasonic-assisted extraction and hot water extraction","authors":"Jinfu Wang , Jiaxing Lin , Jiayue Wu , Honghong Pan , Jiaxuan Liao , Qinghui Lu , Ruo Wang , Jinfeng Wu , Jiawen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Lysimachia christinae Hance</em> (LCH), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, possesses the effects of “clearing heat and promoting diuresis, relieving stranguria and expelling stones, and detoxifying and protecting the kidneys”. This study for the first time developed an efficient, green, and economical ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) process for extracting LCH polysaccharides (LCHP-UAE). Meanwhile, it systematically investigated the mechanisms of action of UAE and hot water extraction (HWE) technologies for extracting LCH polysaccharides. Finally, it comparatively analyzed the differences in physicochemical properties, functional characteristics, and bioactivities between LCHP-UAE and LCH polysaccharides obtained by HWE (LCHP-HWE). It was found that under the optimal operating conditions of UAE obtained by response surface methodology optimization, the extraction yield of LCHP-UAE reached 8.25 ± 0.13 %. Compared with HWE, UAE strongly disrupted the cell walls of raw materials through cavitation effect and mechanical vibration, thereby improving mass transfer capacity. Compared with LCHP-HWE, LCHP-UAE exhibited characteristics such as lower M<sub>W</sub> and smaller particle size, increased content of uronic acid, better thermal stability, and stronger water- and oil-holding capacities.Owing to its unique structural advantages, LCHP-UAE showed superior antioxidant activity and kidney stone inhibitory effect. In conclusion, this study establishes a robust theoretical foundation for the efficient utilization of LCH and the deployment of LCHP-UAE in contexts including the food industry and kidney stone intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 107720"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107712
Arunima Nayak , Astha Shah , Sonali Bhatt , Brij Bhushan , Anuj Kumar , Rama Gaur , Inderjeet Tyagi
Valorizing food waste to functional bioactives is a robust research area. Sustainability, cost effectiveness, enhanced productivity of the bio-extracts and finally on the industrial readiness have been the driving force for research towards non-thermal extractions, novel solvents, process optimization, dual technological adoption and lately on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML). Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) stand apart in the context of cost-effectiveness and hold tremendous potential to be scaled-up despite the identified challenges.
Thus, with the focus on technological merit, scalability challenges, advancements, quality assessment, the present review has made an elaborate performance assessment for bioactive recovery with respect to productivity, green solvents as well as on environment and energy impact. Finally, research and development on AI tools in quality process control, optimization and real-time monitoring and combined use of UAE + MAE in addressing technological flaws, boosting quality, productivity show positive aspects towards commercialization.
{"title":"Ultrasound and microwave assisted extraction of bioactives from food wastes: An overview on their comparative analysis towards commercialization","authors":"Arunima Nayak , Astha Shah , Sonali Bhatt , Brij Bhushan , Anuj Kumar , Rama Gaur , Inderjeet Tyagi","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Valorizing food waste to functional bioactives is a robust research area. Sustainability, cost effectiveness, enhanced productivity of the bio-extracts and finally on the industrial readiness have been the driving force for research towards non-thermal extractions, novel solvents, process optimization, dual technological adoption and lately on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML). Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) stand apart in the context of cost-effectiveness and hold tremendous potential to be scaled-up despite the identified challenges.</div><div>Thus, with the focus on technological merit, scalability challenges, advancements, quality assessment, the present review has made an elaborate performance assessment for bioactive recovery with respect to productivity, green solvents as well as on environment and energy impact. Finally, research and development on AI tools in quality process control, optimization and real-time monitoring and combined use of UAE + MAE in addressing technological flaws, boosting quality, productivity show positive aspects towards commercialization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107712"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions to maximize bioactive compounds from Momordica charantia L. (Okinawan bitter melon) fruit using response surface methodology (RSM). A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design assessed the effects of acoustic intensity, duty cycle, and extraction time on extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP assays), α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and charantin content. Acoustic intensity had the greatest impact, followed by duty cycle and extraction time. The optimal conditions were 85 W·cm−2 acoustic intensity, 0.83 s−1 duty cycle, and 13.20 min extraction time, yielding 35.80 % extract, 847.91 mg GAE/100 g extract TPC, IC50 of DPPH at 119.08 µg/mL, FRAP value of 148.76 mg AAE/g extract, α-glucosidase inhibition of 41.60 mg acarbose/g extract, and charantin content of 5.83 mg/g extract. Experimental values closely matched predictions, confirming model validity. This optimized UAE method provides an efficient approach for extracting bioactive compounds from M. charantia L., ensuring high yield and biological activity. The findings offer valuable insights for industrial-scale extraction and potential applications in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals.
{"title":"Efficient extraction of bioactive compounds from Momordica charantia L. fruits using ultrasound-assisted extraction and response surface methodology optimization","authors":"Juthaporn Ponphaiboon , Wantanwa Krongrawa , Sontaya Limmatvapirat , Chutima Limmatvapirat","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions to maximize bioactive compounds from <em>Momordica charantia</em> L. (Okinawan bitter melon) fruit using response surface methodology (RSM). A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design assessed the effects of acoustic intensity, duty cycle, and extraction time on extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP assays), α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and charantin content. Acoustic intensity had the greatest impact, followed by duty cycle and extraction time. The optimal conditions were 85 W·cm<sup>−2</sup> acoustic intensity, 0.83 s<sup>−1</sup> duty cycle, and 13.20 min extraction time, yielding 35.80 % extract, 847.91 mg GAE/100 g extract TPC, IC<sub>50</sub> of DPPH at 119.08 µg/mL, FRAP value of 148.76 mg AAE/g extract, α-glucosidase inhibition of 41.60 mg acarbose/g extract, and charantin content of 5.83 mg/g extract. Experimental values closely matched predictions, confirming model validity. This optimized UAE method provides an efficient approach for extracting bioactive compounds from <em>M. charantia</em> L., ensuring high yield and biological activity. The findings offer valuable insights for industrial-scale extraction and potential applications in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107709"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107719
Jin Lei, Jing Lin, Peng Huang
Ultrasound has emerged as a powerful modality for cancer theranostics due to its noninvasiveness, deep-tissue penetration, and real-time feedback. However, the limited stability and short circulation time of traditional microbubble contrast agents restrict their clinical potential. Liquid-gas phase-change nanoplatforms, also known as phase-change contrast agents (PCCAs), offer a promising alternative by enabling acoustic-triggered vaporization of perfluorocarbon (PFC) cores, facilitating enhanced imaging performance and spatiotemporally controlled therapeutic functions. This review introduces the fundamental mechanisms underlying the liquid–gas phase transition, including acoustic cavitation, heating, and radiation force effects. It then summarizes the design strategies for PCCAs, covering PFC core selection (from low- to high-boiling-point types), diverse carrier platforms (lipid-, polymer-, and nanoemulsion-based systems), and surface functionalization approaches for targeted delivery and stimulus responsiveness. Subsequently, the applications of PCCAs in ultrasound-guided cancer theranostics are discussed, encompassing their roles in diagnostic imaging as well as in ultrasound-mediated mono- and combination therapies, such as chemotherapy, phototherapy, and immunotherapy. Finally, the review concludes with current challenges and future perspectives on smart material integration, multimodal imaging, and precision delivery strategies, which will be key to unlocking the full potential of PCCAs in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
{"title":"Liquid-gas phase-change nanoplatforms for ultrasound-mediated cancer theranostics","authors":"Jin Lei, Jing Lin, Peng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound has emerged as a powerful modality for cancer theranostics due to its noninvasiveness, deep-tissue penetration, and real-time feedback. However, the limited stability and short circulation time of traditional microbubble contrast agents restrict their clinical potential. Liquid-gas phase-change nanoplatforms, also known as phase-change contrast agents (PCCAs), offer a promising alternative by enabling acoustic-triggered vaporization of perfluorocarbon (PFC) cores, facilitating enhanced imaging performance and spatiotemporally controlled therapeutic functions. This review introduces the fundamental mechanisms underlying the liquid–gas phase transition, including acoustic cavitation, heating, and radiation force effects. It then summarizes the design strategies for PCCAs, covering PFC core selection (from low- to high-boiling-point types), diverse carrier platforms (lipid-, polymer-, and nanoemulsion-based systems), and surface functionalization approaches for targeted delivery and stimulus responsiveness. Subsequently, the applications of PCCAs in ultrasound-guided cancer theranostics are discussed, encompassing their roles in diagnostic imaging as well as in ultrasound-mediated mono- and combination therapies, such as chemotherapy, phototherapy, and immunotherapy. Finally, the review concludes with current challenges and future perspectives on smart material integration, multimodal imaging, and precision delivery strategies, which will be key to unlocking the full potential of PCCAs in cancer diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107719"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107718
Mehwish Arshad , Rana Muhammad Aadil , Moazzam Rafiq Khan , Abid Aslam Maan , Anubhav Pratap-Singh
The substitution of meat proteins with plant-based proteins from various sources is often motivated by nutritional considerations. However, the inherent limited solubility of plant proteins, which results in suboptimal techno-functional properties, remains a persistent challenge in food formulation. The purpose of this study was to utilize unique properties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris) through ultrasonication and pH variation in order to develop a stable and consumable protein-based product. For this purpose, pea and lentils powders were subjected to salt extraction (SE) and proceeded to further treatment with ultrasonication and pH shifting at pH 2, 4, 10 and 12 with ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) at 20 kHz at 20 °C for 5 min for each treatment. The developed protein isolates (PIs) after these treatments were analyzed for functional properties including surface hydrophobicity, solubility, foaming capacity and stability, emulsifying activity and stability indices, turbidity and molecular weight. Among these treatments, the pH-12 treated samples showed optimal values for the functional profile, and this treatment was selected for further development of meat-analogous nuggets through assorted combinations of pea protein isolate (PPI) and lentil protein isolate (LPI) along with control treatment containing chicken nuggets. After development, nuggets were further tested for moisture content, total plate count and textural hardness for a storage period of 4 weeks along with sensory profile analyses of the developed nuggets. Meat-analogous nuggets prepared from 60 % LPI and 40 % PPI had an optimal response to texture profile and were also favored in sensory profile. This product might help the protein requirement as a vegan-based diet and enhance peas and lentils productivity into a marketable and nourishing product if it were to be developed more widely and commercialized.
{"title":"Exploring the synergistic potential of pH and ultrasonication on the functional properties of pea and lentil protein isolates and its formulation in food product","authors":"Mehwish Arshad , Rana Muhammad Aadil , Moazzam Rafiq Khan , Abid Aslam Maan , Anubhav Pratap-Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The substitution of meat proteins with plant-based proteins from various sources is often motivated by nutritional considerations. However, the inherent limited solubility of plant proteins, which results in suboptimal techno-functional properties, remains a persistent challenge in food formulation. The purpose of this study was to utilize unique properties of pea (<em>Pisum sativum L.</em>) and lentil (<em>Lens culinaris</em>) through ultrasonication and pH variation in order to develop a stable and consumable protein-based product. For this purpose, pea and lentils powders were subjected to salt extraction (SE) and proceeded to further treatment with ultrasonication and pH shifting at pH 2, 4, 10 and 12 with ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) at 20 kHz at 20 °C for 5 min for each treatment. The developed protein isolates (PIs) after these treatments were analyzed for functional properties including surface hydrophobicity, solubility, foaming capacity and stability, emulsifying activity and stability indices, turbidity and molecular weight. Among these treatments, the pH-12 treated samples showed optimal values for the functional profile, and this treatment was selected for further development of meat-analogous nuggets through assorted combinations of pea protein isolate (PPI) and lentil protein isolate (LPI) along with control treatment containing chicken nuggets. After development, nuggets were further tested for moisture content, total plate count and textural hardness for a storage period of 4 weeks along with sensory profile analyses of the developed nuggets. Meat-analogous nuggets prepared from 60 % LPI and 40 % PPI had an optimal response to texture profile and were also favored in sensory profile. This product might help the protein requirement as a vegan-based diet and enhance peas and lentils productivity into a marketable and nourishing product if it were to be developed more widely and commercialized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107718"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107716
Kaouther Kerboua , Md Hujjatul Islam , Nour Hane Merabet , Henrik E. Hansen , Frode Seland , Odne S. Burheim , Bruno G. Pollet
This study investigates the impact of direct and indirect high-frequency (490 kHz) ultrasonication on alkaline water electrolysis for hydrogen production. Calorimetric analysis reveal that direct sonication transmits 54.17 W of acoustic power, corresponding to an efficiency of 77.39 %, whereas indirect configuration achieves substantially lower efficiencies. Hydrogen quantification shows that conventional electrolysis alone produces 0.288 mM H2 in 60 min (0.08 mM/s), indirect sono-electrolysis improves yields modestly by 3–6 %, while direct sono-electrolysis reaches 0.777 mM in 60 min, representing a 170 % enhancement. This improvement stems from both sonolytic hydrogen generation (0.448 mM) and electrochemical synergy (0.034 mM). Electrochemical characterizations demonstrate enhanced current densities, reduced Tafel slopes, and improved kinetics for both HER and OER under direct ultrasound exposure, attributed to localized cavitation, bubble detachment, and intensified mass transport. Modeling of cavitation dynamics confirm that passing from indirect to direct sonication increases bubble compression ratios up to 8.64, resulting in order-of-magnitude increases in collapse temperature and hydrogen yields. These findings highlight the strong dependence of sono-electrolysis performance on acoustic coupling geometry, with direct configurations offering a promising pathway toward energy-efficient hydrogen production.
{"title":"Sono-electrolysis: A look into the distinguished effects of direct and indirect sonication at high frequency ultrasounds (490 kHz)","authors":"Kaouther Kerboua , Md Hujjatul Islam , Nour Hane Merabet , Henrik E. Hansen , Frode Seland , Odne S. Burheim , Bruno G. Pollet","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of direct and indirect high-frequency (490 kHz) ultrasonication on alkaline water electrolysis for hydrogen production. Calorimetric analysis reveal that direct sonication transmits 54.17 W of acoustic power, corresponding to an efficiency of 77.39 %, whereas indirect configuration achieves substantially lower efficiencies. Hydrogen quantification shows that conventional electrolysis alone produces 0.288 mM H<sub>2</sub> in 60 min (0.08 mM/s), indirect sono-electrolysis improves yields modestly by 3–6 %, while direct sono-electrolysis reaches 0.777 mM in 60 min, representing a 170 % enhancement. This improvement stems from both sonolytic hydrogen generation (0.448 mM) and electrochemical synergy (0.034 mM). Electrochemical characterizations demonstrate enhanced current densities, reduced Tafel slopes, and improved kinetics for both HER and OER under direct ultrasound exposure, attributed to localized cavitation, bubble detachment, and intensified mass transport. Modeling of cavitation dynamics confirm that passing from indirect to direct sonication increases bubble compression ratios up to 8.64, resulting in order-of-magnitude increases in collapse temperature and hydrogen yields. These findings highlight the strong dependence of sono-electrolysis performance on acoustic coupling geometry, with direct configurations offering a promising pathway toward energy-efficient hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107716"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbubbles play an important role in acoustic cavitation, power ultrasonics, and biomedical diagnosis and therapy. However, the influence of surrounding boundary conditions on the dynamic behaviors of an encapsulated bubble requires more in depth analysis and understanding. This study investigates the dynamic response of a lipid-coated bubble near a planar rigid wall in a viscoelastic fluid, which is transformed into a two-bubble model using the method of images. Assuming the excitation of a dual-frequency wave, the dynamic equation governing the radial oscillation is derived through combining the Rayleigh-Plesset model, the Marmottant model, and the Kelvin-Voigt model. Numerical computations are also performed for the instantaneous bubble radius in the time domain and the spectral amplitude in the frequency domain. Particular attention is paid to the pressure amplitude, the excited frequencies, the bubble-wall distance, the initial bubble radius as well as the elastic modulus and surface dilatational viscosity of the coating layer. The spectral peaks include the fundamental and higher-order resonance frequencies, accompanied by the sum frequency due to interaction between dual frequencies. The planar rigid wall significantly weakens the radial oscillation through suppressing the higher-order peaks in the frequency domain. The beating phenomenon occurs at two close frequencies with the oscillation amplitude changing periodically at the difference frequency. A longer bubble-wall distance corresponds to a weaker suppression effect of the bubble-wall interaction and thus enhances the radial oscillation. The maximum oscillation amplitude is achieved at the resonance radius but not necessarily the resonance elastic modulus of the coating layer. The findings may advantage in the design and optimization of microbubble-based systems across a wide range of applications such as ultrasonic cavitation and biomedical ultrasound.
{"title":"Radial oscillation of an encapsulated bubble near a planar rigid wall under dual-frequency acoustic excitation in viscoelastic fluids","authors":"Yu-Chen Zang , Di-Chao Chen , Xing-Feng Zhu , Da-Jian Wu , Wei-Jun Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbubbles play an important role in acoustic cavitation, power ultrasonics, and biomedical diagnosis and therapy. However, the influence of surrounding boundary conditions on the dynamic behaviors of an encapsulated bubble requires more in depth analysis and understanding. This study investigates the dynamic response of a lipid-coated bubble near a planar rigid wall in a viscoelastic fluid, which is transformed into a two-bubble model using the method of images. Assuming the excitation of a dual-frequency wave, the dynamic equation governing the radial oscillation is derived through combining the Rayleigh-Plesset model, the Marmottant model, and the Kelvin-Voigt model. Numerical computations are also performed for the instantaneous bubble radius in the time domain and the spectral amplitude in the frequency domain. Particular attention is paid to the pressure amplitude, the excited frequencies, the bubble-wall distance, the initial bubble radius as well as the elastic modulus and surface dilatational viscosity of the coating layer. The spectral peaks include the fundamental and higher-order resonance frequencies, accompanied by the sum frequency due to interaction between dual frequencies. The planar rigid wall significantly weakens the radial oscillation through suppressing the higher-order peaks in the frequency domain. The beating phenomenon occurs at two close frequencies with the oscillation amplitude changing periodically at the difference frequency. A longer bubble-wall distance corresponds to a weaker suppression effect of the bubble-wall interaction and thus enhances the radial oscillation. The maximum oscillation amplitude is achieved at the resonance radius but not necessarily the resonance elastic modulus of the coating layer. The findings may advantage in the design and optimization of microbubble-based systems across a wide range of applications such as ultrasonic cavitation and biomedical ultrasound.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107714"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant-derived polysaccharides are critical bioactive compounds; however, conventional extraction methods are often inefficient, energy-intensive, and may compromise their bioactivity. Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (UA-DES) extraction offers a greener alternative by integrating acoustic cavitation with tunable solvent properties; however, optimization remains complex due to the interaction of multiple processing variables. This study reports a novel application of ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (UA-DES) extraction for okra polysaccharides (OPs), with process optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) modeling to identify optimal conditions and clarify nonlinear extraction behavior. Among the tested DES systems, choline chloride–citric acid (CCA) exhibited the highest extraction performance. Single-factor experiments and RSM identified sonication time and liquid–solid ratio as key variables. The ANN model achieved higher predictive accuracy than RSM and captured nonlinear and synergistic parameter interactions that were not evident in traditional response surfaces, providing deeper insight into process behavior. Under optimized conditions (2 h, 80 °C, 190 W, 60 mL/g), UA-DES extraction produced 23.56 % OPs and 80.75 % DPPH• scavenging activity, representing 94 % higher yield and 28 % greater antioxidant activity than hot-water ultrasonic (HWU) extraction. UA-DES-derived OPs contained higher contents of uronic acids, total sugars, and glucans, and uniquely included arabinose absent in HWU extracts. Structural analyses revealed pyranose configurations, amorphous crystallinity, and porous microstructures, which collectively contribute to improved solubility and bioactivity. Overall, UA-DES extraction using CCA provides an eco-efficient strategy for producing high-value okra polysaccharides. The integrated RSM–ANN framework enables precise optimization and enhanced mechanistic understanding, supporting UA-DES as a scalable, green technology for the production of functional polysaccharides.
{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Extraction of Polysaccharides from Okra: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network Modeling","authors":"Muhammad Imran , Chih-Huang Weng , Girma Sisay Wolde , Ying-Chen Chen , Yi-Jin Wu , Shang-Ming Huang , Yao-Tung Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-derived polysaccharides are critical bioactive compounds; however, conventional extraction methods are often inefficient, energy-intensive, and may compromise their bioactivity. Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (UA-DES) extraction offers a greener alternative by integrating acoustic cavitation with tunable solvent properties; however, optimization remains complex due to the interaction of multiple processing variables. This study reports a novel application of ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (UA-DES) extraction for okra polysaccharides (OPs), with process optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) modeling to identify optimal conditions and clarify nonlinear extraction behavior. Among the tested DES systems, choline chloride–citric acid (CCA) exhibited the highest extraction performance. Single-factor experiments and RSM identified sonication time and liquid–solid ratio as key variables. The ANN model achieved higher predictive accuracy than RSM and captured nonlinear and synergistic parameter interactions that were not evident in traditional response surfaces, providing deeper insight into process behavior. Under optimized conditions (2 h, 80 °C, 190 W, 60 mL/g), UA-DES extraction produced 23.56 % OPs and 80.75 % DPPH• scavenging activity, representing 94 % higher yield and 28 % greater antioxidant activity than hot-water ultrasonic (HWU) extraction. UA-DES-derived OPs contained higher contents of uronic acids, total sugars, and glucans, and uniquely included arabinose absent in HWU extracts. Structural analyses revealed pyranose configurations, amorphous crystallinity, and porous microstructures, which collectively contribute to improved solubility and bioactivity. Overall, UA-DES extraction using CCA provides an eco-efficient strategy for producing high-value okra polysaccharides. The integrated RSM–ANN framework enables precise optimization and enhanced mechanistic understanding, supporting UA-DES as a scalable, green technology for the production of functional polysaccharides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107715"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107717
Shuhui Liang , Xinyi Luo , Zexin Chen , Yushi Gong , Yong Hu , Fenglin Song , Yongguang Bi , Dongmei Li , Juan Guo
Ultrasound coupling subcritical water extraction (USWE) was developed to extract polyphenols from Phyllanthus emblica pomace (PPEPs), and extraction parameters affecting the yield of PPEPs were systematically optimized. USWE was comprehensively evaluated in terms of extraction parameters, yield, antioxidant capacity, major bioactive components, and infrared characteristics of PPEPs, and compared with four other extraction methods. Microstructural changes in the pomace were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to elucidate the interactions between the extraction process and the plant matrix. Finally, to address the issues of the instability of PPEPs and their low bioavailability, liposomal encapsulation was performed and the physicochemical properties were evaluated. Results demonstrated that the yield of PPEPs from USWE was 1.8-fold and 1.35-fold higher than those from solvent extraction (SE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE), respectively. Furthermore, PPEPs from USWE exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity and higher levels of six major bioactive compounds. SEM analysis revealed a significant increase in porosity and enlarged pores in USWE-treated pomace. Additionally, Phyllanthus emblica polyphenol liposomes (PPEPL) were prepared by thin-film dispersion technique. PPEPL showed a high encapsulation efficiency of 83.07 ± 0.09 % and retained structural integrity after 4 weeks of storage at 4 °C. PPEPL exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity compared to free PPEPs. The IC50 values for scavenging DPPH·, ABTS·+, and hydroxyl radicals were 3.2-, 3.3-, and 1.6-fold lower, respectively. In summary, integrating USWE with liposome technology provides an efficient strategy for obtaining stable, high-quality bioactive PPEPs.
{"title":"Liposome-integrated ultrasound coupling subcritical water extraction for enhanced the efficiency and stability of Phyllanthus emblica polyphenols","authors":"Shuhui Liang , Xinyi Luo , Zexin Chen , Yushi Gong , Yong Hu , Fenglin Song , Yongguang Bi , Dongmei Li , Juan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound coupling subcritical water extraction (USWE) was developed to extract polyphenols from <em>Phyllanthus emblica</em> pomace (PPEPs), and extraction parameters affecting the yield of PPEPs were systematically optimized. USWE was comprehensively evaluated in terms of extraction parameters, yield, antioxidant capacity, major bioactive components, and infrared characteristics of PPEPs, and compared with four other extraction methods. Microstructural changes in the pomace were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to elucidate the interactions between the extraction process and the plant matrix. Finally, to address the issues of the instability of PPEPs and their low bioavailability, liposomal encapsulation was performed and the physicochemical properties were evaluated. Results demonstrated that the yield of PPEPs from USWE was 1.8-fold and 1.35-fold higher than those from solvent extraction (SE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE), respectively. Furthermore, PPEPs from USWE exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity and higher levels of six major bioactive compounds. SEM analysis revealed a significant increase in porosity and enlarged pores in USWE-treated pomace. Additionally, <em>Phyllanthus emblica</em> polyphenol liposomes (PPEPL) were prepared by thin-film dispersion technique. PPEPL showed a high encapsulation efficiency of 83.07 ± 0.09 % and retained structural integrity after 4 weeks of storage at 4 °C. PPEPL exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity compared to free PPEPs. The IC<sub>50</sub> values for scavenging DPPH·, ABTS·<sup>+</sup>, and hydroxyl radicals were 3.2-, 3.3-, and 1.6-fold lower, respectively. In summary, integrating USWE with liposome technology provides an efficient strategy for obtaining stable, high-quality bioactive PPEPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 107717"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号