Ultrasonics Sonochemistry最新文献_第7页

Mechanism of deep removal of iron impurities from zinc sulfate solutions via ultrasonic-enhanced goethite process 超声强化针铁矿法深度去除硫酸锌溶液中铁杂质的机理

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107708

Heng Zhang , Shuxuan Hu , Shixing Wang , Rong Zhu , Yadong Li , Libo Zhang

This study reports an ultrasound-enhanced goethite process for deep removal of iron impurities from a zinc sulfate solution. This method eliminates the reliance on external seed crystals by using the ultrasonic cavitation effect to directly induce the formation of α-iron(III) oxide–hydroxide (a-FeOOH). Single-factor experiments were conducted to optimize process parameters. The Fe removal efficiency reached 99.72 % under optimal conditions: ultrasonic power = 160 W, pH = 3.0, reaction time = 80 min, and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) dosage = 12 mL. The resulting goethite slag exhibited an iron content of 30.72 % and a moisture content of 39.21 %, showing a 3.92 % increase in the iron content and an 11.05 % decrease in the moisture content compared with the traditional process. Multiscale characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to explore the mechanism. DFT calculations confirmed that α-FeOOH formed bidentate [adsorption energy (ΔE) = − 6.161] and monodentate (ΔE = − 3.223) ligand adsorption configurations with SO₄²⁻ under conventional and ultrasonic conditions. The monodentate configuration exhibited low thermodynamic stability and was highly prone to desorption, facilitating goethite formation. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis revealed that ultrasound promoted the cleavage of H₂O₂ to generate abundant ·OH radicals, accelerating the oxidation kinetics of Fe²⁺. Furthermore, ultrasound disrupted iron hydroxide [Fe(OH)₃] colloidal encapsulation, inhibited byproduct formation, and guided the directional hydrolysis of Fe³⁺ into highly crystalline goethite. This technology provided a theoretical foundation and technical support for achieving efficient and clean iron removal in hydrometallurgical zinc smelting processes.

本研究报告了一种超声增强针铁矿工艺，用于深度去除硫酸锌溶液中的铁杂质。该方法利用超声空化效应直接诱导α-铁（III）氧化物氢氧化物（a-FeOOH）的形成，消除了对外界种子晶体的依赖。通过单因素实验对工艺参数进行优化。在超声功率为160 W、pH = 3.0、反应时间为80 min、过氧化氢（H2O2）用量为12 mL的条件下，铁的去除率达到99.72%，所得针铁矿渣的铁含量为30.72%，水含量为39.21%，比传统工艺提高了3.92%，水含量降低了11.05%。采用多尺度表征和密度泛函理论（DFT）计算来探讨其机理。DFT计算证实，在常规和超声条件下，α-FeOOH与SO42−形成双齿[吸附能（ΔE） =−6.161]和单齿（ΔE =−3.223）配体吸附构型。单齿结构具有较低的热力学稳定性，且极易解吸，有利于针铁矿的形成。电子顺磁共振分析表明，超声促进H2O2的裂解生成丰富的·OH自由基，加速了Fe2+的氧化动力学。超声破坏氢氧化铁[Fe(OH)3]的胶体包封，抑制副产物的生成，引导Fe3+定向水解成高结晶针铁矿。该技术为实现湿法炼锌过程高效、清洁除铁提供了理论基础和技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Electrochemical mechanisms and performance regulation of ultrasonic-assisted zinc electrowinning 超声辅助锌电积的电化学机理及性能调控

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107705

Xiaowei Sheng , Guo Lin , Kun Zhang , Yinghui Gao , Jiayu Zhu , Shixing Wang , Tu Hu , Likang Fu , Linqing Dai , Hongying Xia , Yuanyuan Huang , Shiwei Li

Ultrasound-assisted zinc electrodeposition represents a promising strategy for process intensification, though its fundamental electrochemical mechanisms require deeper exploration. This study systematically elucidates the sonoelectrochemical mechanisms governing zinc electrodeposition through a multi-technique approach. The effects of ultrasound (40 kHz, 0–30 W) on interfacial transport, nucleation kinetics, and deposit formation were investigated using chronopotentiometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Tafel analysis, and chronoamperometry. Results demonstrate that ultrasound induces a mechanistic transition from progressive to instantaneous nucleation while substantially enhancing mass transfer—reducing the diffusion layer thickness and charge transfer resistance by 28 %. Optimal performance at 10 W ultrasonic power yielded a 9 % reduction in cell voltage and 13 % lower energy consumption. Morphological and structural analyses confirmed that ultrasound promotes denser, smoother deposits with refined grains and preferred (002) orientation. This work provides both mechanistic insights and experimental validation for ultrasound-assisted zinc electrodeposition, establishing a foundation for its application in energy-efficient zinc production.

超声辅助锌电沉积是一种很有前途的工艺强化策略，尽管其基本的电化学机制需要更深入的探索。本研究通过多技术手段系统地阐明了锌电沉积的声电化学机理。研究了超声（40 kHz, 0-30 W）对界面传输、成核动力学和沉积形成的影响，采用时间电位法、电化学阻抗谱法、塔菲尔分析法和时间电流法。结果表明，超声诱导了从渐进成核到瞬时成核的机制转变，同时大大增强了传质，使扩散层厚度和电荷传递电阻降低了28%。在10瓦超声功率下的最佳性能使电池电压降低9%，能耗降低13%。形态学和结构分析证实，超声促进致密、光滑的沉积物，具有精细的晶粒和优选的（002）取向。本研究提供了超声辅助锌电沉积的机理和实验验证，为超声辅助锌电沉积在节能锌生产中的应用奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

The machine learning assisted optimization of ultrasound-synergistic enzymatic extraction and comprehensive evaluation of polysaccharides from Saposhnikovia divaricata 三叶参多糖超声协同酶提工艺优化及综合评价

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107706

Zeyu Li , Qian Li , Chaogui Hu , Feng Yang , Fengxia Guo

Saposhnikovia divaricata (S. divaricata) is a common medicinal material with remarkable medicinal value, but there is limited research on its polysaccharides. This research employed ultrasound-synergistic enzymatic extraction to obtain polysaccharides, while leveraging response surface methodology (RSM) and support vector regression (SVR) models to optimize the extraction procedure. According to the SVR model, the optimal extraction conditions that led to a superior polysaccharide yield of 11.82 % included maintaining a solid-solvent ratio of 1:13 g/mL, conducting the process at an extraction temperature of 45 °C with 420 W of power, adjusting the pH to 4.5, extending the ultrasonic treatment to 35 min, and incorporating a 3 % enzyme dosage. Additionally, a comparative analysis of polysaccharides extracted through different methods assessed their physicochemical characteristics, structure, and antioxidant capacity. The entropy weight method was employed for a comprehensive evaluation of the different extraction techniques. In the final assessment, the ultrasound- synergistic enzymatic extraction emerged as the top-performing technique, achieving the highest composite score. Notably, the antioxidant efficacy was driven primarily by the levels of uronic acid, molecular weight and mannose. This research establishes the theoretical foundation and scientific rationale for the efficient extraction and bioactive application of S. divaricata polysaccharides (SDP).

菝葜（Saposhnikovia divaricata， S. divaricata）是一种具有显著药用价值的常见药材，但对其多糖的研究有限。本研究采用超声协同酶法提取多糖，并利用响应面法（RSM）和支持向量回归（SVR）模型对提取工艺进行优化。根据SVR模型，料液比为1:13 g/mL，提取温度为45℃，提取功率为420 W， pH为4.5，超声处理时间为35 min，酶投加量为3%，可使多糖得率达到11.82%。此外，通过不同方法提取的多糖进行比较分析，评估其物理化学特性，结构和抗氧化能力。采用熵权法对不同提取技术进行综合评价。在最后的评估中，超声-协同酶萃取成为表现最好的技术，获得了最高的综合得分。值得注意的是，抗氧化效果主要受糖醛酸、分子量和甘露糖含量的影响。本研究为高效提取和生物活性应用提供了理论基础和科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Advanced extraction techniques for sustainable recovery of health-promoting compounds from carob leaves 从角豆叶中可持续回收促进健康化合物的先进提取技术

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107710

Simona Serio , Valentina Santoro , Anna Lisa Piccinelli , Rita Celano , Luca Rastrelli

Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) leaves (CSL) are an underutilized source of health-promoting compounds, including siliquapyranone, 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose and myricitrin. CSL and its main compounds revealed remarkable antioxidant and hypoglycaemic potential. This study presents a systematic optimization of pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) and probe-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (probe-UAE) as sustainable strategies for the recovery of CSL bioactive compounds. Using response surface methodology combined with UHPLC-UV profiling, the main parameters influencing extraction efficiency and compound stability were identified. Optimal PHWE (98 °C, three 5 min-cycles) and probe-UAE (ethanol 52 %, 100 g L^–1, 20 min) conditions ensured exhaustive recovery of target compounds with negligible formation of extraction artefacts (gallic acid and digalloylglucoses), preserving antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Compared with conventional techniques, PHWE and probe-UAE demonstrated a low environmental footprint, reducing extraction time, solvent use and environmental impact, while improving extraction yield and extract quality. PHWE generated fully aqueous extracts suitable for direct application, whereas probe-UAE offered high energy efficiency and operational simplicity. These findings demonstrate the potential of green extraction techniques for the sustainable valorization of carob leaves, providing high-value bioactive extracts and supporting the development of healthy food products. This study offers novel insights into the exploitation of untapped plant biomasses and provides a practical approach for integrating green innovations into the food and nutraceutical sectors.

角豆（Ceratonia siliqua）叶片（CSL）是一种未充分利用的健康促进化合物的来源，包括硅吡喃酮，1,2,3,6-四烯基葡萄糖和杨梅三醇。CSL及其主要化合物显示出显著的抗氧化和降糖潜能。本研究提出了加压热水提取（PHWE）和基于探针的超声辅助提取（probe-UAE）作为可持续回收CSL生物活性化合物的策略的系统优化。采用响应面法结合UHPLC-UV分析，确定了影响提取效率和化合物稳定性的主要参数。最佳PHWE（98°C， 3个5 min循环）和探针- uae（乙醇52%，100 g L-1, 20 min）条件确保了目标化合物的彻底回收，萃取物（没食子酸和二烯丙基葡萄糖）的形成可以忽略，保持了抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。与传统技术相比，PHWE和probe-UAE具有低环境足迹，减少了提取时间、溶剂用量和对环境的影响，同时提高了提取率和提取物质量。PHWE产生的全水萃取物适合直接应用，而probe-UAE提供了高能效和操作简单性。这些发现证明了绿色提取技术在角豆叶可持续增值、提供高价值生物活性提取物和支持健康食品开发方面的潜力。这项研究为开发未开发的植物生物量提供了新的见解，并为将绿色创新整合到食品和营养保健部门提供了实用的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Red cabbage anthocyanin-rich natural colorant: Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction, microencapsulation, bioaccessibility, and functional yogurt development 红甘蓝花青素天然着色剂：超声辅助提取、微胶囊化、生物可及性优化及功能性酸奶开发

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107702

Sumandeep Kaur , Amisha Rani , Reshma Thakur , Abhilasha Sharma , Kritika Kuksal , Aman Sharma , Arti Shivraj Nile , Shivraj Hariram Nile

Anthocyanins from red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) are promising natural pigments with notable health benefits, but their thermal and gastrointestinal instability limits functional food applications. This study employed ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and spray-drying microencapsulation to enhance their stability, bioaccessibility, and functionality. Optimization using a Box–Behnken design (pH 3.0–5.0, 30–60 °C, 20–90 min, 0.025–0.05 g/mL solid–liquid ratio) identified optimal UAE conditions (pH 3.5, 45 °C, 55 min, 0.0375 g/mL), yielding 125.72 ± 0.83 mg/L anthocyanins. Freeze drying retained the highest anthocyanin content (129.02 ± 3.36 mg/L), while spray-drying with 10 % maltodextrin achieved excellent encapsulation efficiency (96.36 ± 0.80 %) and yield (99.40 %). FTIR confirmed the presence of phenolic groups, and SEM revealed spherical microcapsules (∼10.27 µm) with smooth surfaces. Encapsulation significantly improved thermal stability at 70 °C, reducing the degradation rate constant (0.00043 min⁻¹) and increasing half-life (1919.02 min), compared to non-encapsulated samples. During simulated digestion, bioaccessibility of encapsulated anthocyanins was lower in the oral (53.28 %) and intestinal (25.37 %) phases than free forms, but stability was enhanced. Antioxidant activity (DPPH: 66.90 %, ABTS: 71.76 %) and enzyme inhibition (α-amylase IC₅₀: 46.00 µg/mL, α-glucosidase IC₅₀: 51.51 µg/mL) indicated potent bioactivity. Cytotoxicity testing on HEK-293 cells showed > 90 % viability, confirming safety. Yogurt fortified with 3 % encapsulated powder received high sensory scores (8.30 ± 0.86), especially for color and taste. These findings validate the integrated UAE and encapsulation approach as a scalable method to stabilize red cabbage anthocyanins for functional food applications.

红甘蓝（Brassica oleracea变种. capitata f. rubra）中的花青素是一种很有前途的天然色素，具有显著的健康益处，但其热稳定性和胃肠道不稳定性限制了其在功能性食品中的应用。本研究采用超声辅助提取（UAE）和喷雾干燥微胶囊化来提高其稳定性、生物可及性和功能性。采用Box-Behnken设计优化（pH 3.0-5.0, 30-60°C, 20-90 min，料液比0.025-0.05 g/mL）确定了最佳的UAE条件（pH 3.5, 45°C, 55 min, 0.0375 g/mL），产花青素125.72±0.83 mg/L。冷冻干燥的花青素含量最高（129.02±3.36 mg/L）， 10%麦芽糊精喷雾干燥的包封率为96.36±0.80%，包封率为99.40%。FTIR证实了酚基的存在，SEM显示了表面光滑的球形微胶囊（~ 10.27µm）。与未封装的样品相比，封装显著提高了70°C时的热稳定性，降低了降解速率常数（0.00043 min-1），延长了半衰期（1919.02 min）。在模拟消化过程中，包被花青素在口腔（53.28%）和肠道（25.37%）阶段的生物可及性低于游离形式，但稳定性增强。抗氧化活性（DPPH: 66.90%, ABTS: 71.76%）和酶抑制活性（α-淀粉酶IC50: 46.00µg/mL， α-葡萄糖苷酶IC50: 51.51µg/mL）显示出较强的生物活性。细胞毒性试验显示HEK-293细胞存活率为90%以上，证实其安全性。添加3%胶囊化粉的酸奶感官评分较高（8.30±0.86），其中色、味评分最高。这些发现验证了综合UAE和封装方法作为一种可扩展的方法来稳定红甘蓝花青素的功能食品应用。

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引用次数: 0

From sonochemical synthesis to predictive modeling: Unraveling the antioxidant properties of La-doped CeO2 nanoparticles 从声化学合成到预测建模：揭示la掺杂CeO2纳米颗粒的抗氧化性能

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107704

Jorge L. Mejía-Méndez , Edwin E. Reza-Zaldívar , Diego E. Navarro-López , A. Sanchez-Martinez , O. Ceballos-Sanchez , Miguel Badillo , Angélica Lizeth Sánchez López , Miguel José Yacaman , Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez , Edgar R. López-Mena , Gildardo Sanchez-Ante

This study introduces a novel combination of sonochemical synthesis and machine learning (ML) modeling to analyze the effect of Lanthanum (La) doping on the biological properties of cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles with various La concentrations (0, 1, 5, and 10 at.%). Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis enabled La incorporation into the CeO₂ lattice, resulting changes in crystallinity, lattice parameters, and surface features. Detailed characterization confirmed successful doping and indicated stable nanoparticle suspensions with controlled size ranges. Sonochemical synthesis promoted the oxidation of Ce³⁺ to Ce⁴⁺. Biological testing revealed low cytotoxicity across various cell lines (HepG-2, 3 T3-L1, Caco-2, and U87) and increased antioxidant activity, especially in samples with 5 and 10 at.% La, which demonstrated improved free radical scavenging of DPPH and H₂O₂ radicals. Notably, advanced ML models—including Extremely Randomized Trees, random forest, Gradient Boosting, and LightGBM—enabled the prediction of antioxidant activity based on nanoparticle features, identifying antioxidant method, concentration, and chemical composition as key factors influencing biological effects. This combined experimental and data-driven approach not only clarifies the structure–activity relationships of La-doped CeO₂ nanoparticles but also emphasizes the significant potential of ML in designing and optimizing nanomaterials for biomedical applications. The combination of sonochemical synthesis and ML modeling provides a robust framework for accelerating nanomaterial development by minimizing trial-and-error experiments and providing mechanistic insights into their biological functions.

本研究引入了声化学合成和机器学习（ML）建模的新组合，以分析镧（La）掺杂对不同La浓度（0、1、5和10 at.%）氧化铈（CeO2）纳米粒子生物学特性的影响。超声辅助合成使La掺入到CeO2晶格中，从而改变了结晶度、晶格参数和表面特征。详细的表征证实了掺杂的成功，并表明纳米颗粒悬浮液在可控的尺寸范围内稳定。声化学合成促进了Ce3+氧化为Ce4+。生物学测试显示，多种细胞系（HepG-2、3 T3-L1、Caco-2和U87）的细胞毒性较低，抗氧化活性增加，特别是在5和10 at的样品中。% La，显示出对DPPH和H2O2自由基的清除能力。值得注意的是，先进的机器学习模型——包括极端随机树、随机森林、梯度增强和lightgbm——能够基于纳米颗粒特征预测抗氧化活性，确定抗氧化方法、浓度和化学成分是影响生物效应的关键因素。这种结合实验和数据驱动的方法不仅阐明了la掺杂CeO2纳米颗粒的结构-活性关系，而且强调了ML在设计和优化生物医学应用纳米材料方面的巨大潜力。声化学合成和ML建模的结合为加速纳米材料的开发提供了一个强大的框架，通过最大限度地减少试错实验，并提供对其生物学功能的机理见解。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the links between sonochemistry and sonomechanobiology 探索声化学和声机械生物学之间的联系

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107697

Timothy J. Mason , Mircea Vinatoru

Sonomechanobiology concerns the ways in which vibrational energy can stimulate biological cells. It is a multi-disciplinary subject involving contributions from fields including chemistry, food science, microbiology, medicine and physics. Early studies of the effects of ultrasound on living tissue can be traced back to the 1920′s but in those days, without the aid of modern specialised equipment, detailed explanations were not possible. The more recent work on the stimulation of cells has been of particular interest to microbiologists and medical physicists while sonochemists have not really been involved. But sonochemistry has an important part to play in the developing subject of sonomechanobiology and this opinion paper will re-examine those early studies which can be considered to be precursors to both sonomechanobiology and sonochemistry.

声力学关注的是振动能量刺激生物细胞的方式。它是一门多学科的学科，涉及化学、食品科学、微生物学、医学和物理学等领域的贡献。关于超声波对活组织影响的早期研究可以追溯到20世纪20年代，但在那个时候，没有现代专业设备的帮助，详细的解释是不可能的。最近，微生物学家和医学物理学家对刺激细胞的工作特别感兴趣，而声化学家还没有真正参与其中。但是声化学在声机械生物学的发展中起着重要的作用，本文将重新审视那些可以被认为是声机械生物学和声化学先驱的早期研究。

引用次数: 0

Ultrasound-assisted tannic acid crosslinking of myofibrillar protein-stabilized high internal phase emulsions: Enhanced stability, mechanical properties, and 3D printability 超声辅助单宁酸交联肌原纤维蛋白稳定高内相乳剂：增强稳定性、机械性能和3D打印能力

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107703

Zitong Dong, Feiyu Zhang, Peng Wang, Xinglian Xu

The study investigated the synergistic effects of high ultrasound (HS) treatment and tannic acid (TA) conjugation on the structural and interfacial properties of myofibrillar protein (MP), and their roles in stabilizing high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). Spectroscopic and interfacial analyses showed that HS promoted TA-induced covalent conjugation via exposure of reactive groups, driving conformational rearrangements and formation of more compact aggregates. At moderate TA concentrations, smaller particle size and enhanced interfacial performance were observed for MP–TA conjugates, as evidenced by accelerated adsorption kinetics and elevated dilatational moduli of interfacial films. In HIPEs, these changes yielded smaller and more uniform droplets, higher viscosity, larger linear viscoelastic regions, and greater yield stress. These improvements resulted in greater resistance to coalescence and oiling-off under storage, heating, and centrifugal stress. MP-based HIPEs with 10μM g⁻¹ TA and 240 W HS exhibited the most favorable balance of droplet architecture, rheology and stability. In addition, the optimized HIPEs displayed good printability in a preliminary 3D printing test, highlighting their potential for structuring food matrices. Overall, this work elucidates how HS-assisted TA conjugation alters MP conformation, interfacial assembly and emulsion rheology, providing a mechanistic basis for designing robust MP-stabilized HIPEs.

研究了高超声（HS）处理和单宁酸（TA）偶联对肌纤维蛋白（MP）结构和界面性质的协同作用，以及它们在稳定高内相乳剂（HIPEs）中的作用。光谱和界面分析表明，HS通过暴露反应基团促进ta诱导的共价偶联，驱动构象重排和形成更致密的聚集体。在中等TA浓度下，MP-TA缀合物的颗粒尺寸变小，界面性能增强，这可以通过加速吸附动力学和界面膜的扩张模量升高来证明。在HIPEs中，这些变化产生了更小、更均匀的液滴、更高的粘度、更大的线性粘弹性区域和更大的屈服应力。这些改进提高了在储存、加热和离心应力下抗聚结和脱油的能力。当TA为10μM g−1、HS为240 W时，mp基HIPEs在液滴结构、流变性和稳定性方面达到了最佳平衡。此外，优化后的HIPEs在初步3D打印测试中显示出良好的可打印性，突出了它们在构建食物基质方面的潜力。总的来说，这项工作阐明了hs辅助TA共轭如何改变MP构象、界面组装和乳液流变学，为设计稳健的MP稳定HIPEs提供了机制基础。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in ultrasound-enhanced recovery of marine algal polysaccharides: toward sustainable bioprocessing 海洋藻类多糖超声强化回收的研究进展：迈向可持续生物处理

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107683

Tehmina Naseem , Khushi Ali , Nisha Zahid , Syed Ali Hassan , Gholamreza Abdi , Seydi Yıkmış , Rana Muhammad Aadil

The growing emphasis on environmental sustainability has intensified interest in the extraction and valorization of polysaccharides from marine algal species due to their non-toxic nature and notable bioactivities. Although various conventional extraction techniques have been employed, these often involve high energy consumption, prolonged processing times, limited selectivity, and the potential degradation of polysaccharide bioactivity. To address these limitations, a range of sustainable and cost-effective extraction methods has been developed, including enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), subcritical water extraction (SWE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Among these, the UAE, either as a standalone method or integrated within a biorefinery framework, has emerged as a promising and green technology. It offers higher extraction efficiency with reduced time, energy, and cost requirements. Polysaccharides extracted via ultrasound (US) have demonstrated enhanced anticancer, bioactive, and rheological properties. Furthermore, integrating the UAE with green solvents, such as natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs), or complementary techniques, including MAE, hot water extraction (HWE), and EAE, has been shown to further improve yields by 2–6 % and enhance functional quality. This review highlights the potential of the UAE, both individually and in combination with other methods for the efficient recovery of algal polysaccharides. It also evaluates the influence of the UAE on the biofunctional properties of the extracted compounds, underscoring their applicability across diverse industrial sectors. Nonetheless, further research is warranted to optimize process parameters, ensure safety, enhance antioxidant activity (AOA), and improve purification and characterization, as well as better understand the structure–activity relationships of these valuable biopolymers.

随着对环境可持续性的日益重视，人们对从海洋藻类中提取和增值多糖的兴趣日益浓厚，因为它们具有无毒的性质和显著的生物活性。尽管采用了各种传统的提取技术，但这些技术通常涉及高能耗、长时间的处理、有限的选择性和多糖生物活性的潜在降解。为了解决这些限制，人们开发了一系列可持续且具有成本效益的提取方法，包括酶辅助提取（EAE）、超临界流体提取（SFE）、亚临界水提取（SWE）、微波辅助提取（MAE）和超声辅助提取（UAE）。其中，无论是作为一种独立的方法，还是与生物炼制框架相结合，阿联酋都已成为一种有前途的绿色技术。它提供了更高的萃取效率，减少了时间、能源和成本要求。通过超声波提取的多糖（US）已经证明了增强的抗癌、生物活性和流变学特性。此外，将UAE与绿色溶剂（如天然深共晶溶剂（NaDESs））或互补技术（包括MAE、热水萃取（HWE）和EAE）相结合，已被证明可进一步提高产率2-6%，并提高功能质量。这篇综述强调了阿联酋的潜力，无论是单独还是与其他方法相结合，有效地回收藻类多糖。它还评估了阿联酋对提取化合物的生物功能特性的影响，强调了它们在不同工业部门的适用性。尽管如此，需要进一步的研究来优化工艺参数，确保安全性，提高抗氧化活性（AOA），改进纯化和表征，以及更好地了解这些有价值的生物聚合物的结构-活性关系。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-dendrite fragmentation dynamics in acoustic flow with oscillating cavitation bubbles revealed in situ by synchrotron X-ray radiography 同步加速器x射线成像原位显示了振荡空化气泡声流中的多枝晶破碎动力学

IF 9.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107684

S. Wang , J. Kang , Z. Guo , K. Xiang , J. Wang , X. Li , M. Zou , J. Mi

We used synchrotron X-ray radiography to study in-situ and in real-time the fragmentation dynamics of multiple dendritic microstructures in a Ga-40wt.% In alloy under ultrasound. A dedicated U-shaped quartz tube was designed and used as the sample holder to create well-controlled solidification conditions in a relatively large field of view suitable for imaging acoustic flow, cavitation bubbles, and their dynamic interactions with growing multiple dendrites. Without the presence of oscillating cavitation bubbles, the acoustic flow is able to bend multiple dendrites and then fragment them through cyclic fatigue mechanism over tens to hundreds of seconds. The local swirling flow, formed due to geometric constraints or flow obstacles, can trap and encircle multiple dendrites within the swirl, resulting in 3–4 times higher dendrite fragmentation efficiency than the linear streaming flow. The oscillating cavitation bubbles are more energetic and effective in causing mechanical fatigue fragmentation of dendrites, which often occur at the roots of dendrite arms in a time scale of ∼ 10 ms. Dendrite main trunks may also be fragmented by cavitation bubbles in a much longer time scale (i.e., a few seconds). The real-time observations have unambiguously revealed the fragmentation efficiency of multiple dendrites caused by different flow types and cavitation bubbles in the ultrasound processing conditions that are often found in industrial operations.

我们使用同步加速器x射线摄影技术对Ga-40 %中多个枝晶微观结构的断裂动力学进行了原位和实时研究。超声作用下的合金。设计了一个专用的u形石英管作为样品支架，在大视场内创造良好控制的凝固条件，用于成像声波流动、空化气泡及其与生长的多枝晶的动态相互作用。在没有振荡空化气泡存在的情况下，声波流能够弯曲多个枝晶，然后通过循环疲劳机制在数十到数百秒内将它们破碎。由于几何约束或流动障碍而形成的局部旋流，可以在旋流内捕获和包围多个枝晶，使枝晶破碎效率比线性流高3-4倍。振荡空化气泡更能有效地引起枝晶的机械疲劳断裂，这种断裂通常发生在枝晶臂的根部，时间尺度为 ~ 10 ms。在更长的时间尺度（即几秒钟）内，树突主干也可能被空化气泡破碎。实时观测结果明确地揭示了工业操作中常见的超声条件下由不同流动类型和空化气泡引起的各种枝晶破碎机制的相对重要性和效率

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