Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442984
M. S. Hapeez, N. R. Hamzah, M. K. Hamzah
The aim of this paper is to compare the experimental result of Single-phase Matrix Converter (SPMC) employing safe commutation strategy to the simulation of the SPMC using MATLAB/Simulink. A test rig of SPMC with safe commutation had been developed and its outputs (in terms of voltage and current) are monitored through an oscilloscope. One method is by recording the waveform on the oscilloscope onto a storage device and then processing it by propriety software. The method developed here is by connecting the oscilloscope to a PC via a LabVIEW interface. The advantages of the developed method are its ability to be processed without the hassle of external aid and ability to record a very much longer data length that is not limited to the capability of the storage of the oscilloscope.
{"title":"Comparison of the experimental results of a newly developed interfacing method on a Single-phase Matrix Converter employing safe commutation strategy","authors":"M. S. Hapeez, N. R. Hamzah, M. K. Hamzah","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442984","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to compare the experimental result of Single-phase Matrix Converter (SPMC) employing safe commutation strategy to the simulation of the SPMC using MATLAB/Simulink. A test rig of SPMC with safe commutation had been developed and its outputs (in terms of voltage and current) are monitored through an oscilloscope. One method is by recording the waveform on the oscilloscope onto a storage device and then processing it by propriety software. The method developed here is by connecting the oscilloscope to a PC via a LabVIEW interface. The advantages of the developed method are its ability to be processed without the hassle of external aid and ability to record a very much longer data length that is not limited to the capability of the storage of the oscilloscope.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127474177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442944
H. Abdullah, Malisa Shaziea Sabilurrashad, I. Ibrahim, R. Ariffin, S. A. Jalil, W. Ali, M. Taib
This paper presents the absorber in which it is designed and shaped to absorb incident radio frequency (RF) radiation. The absorber is designed using composite material since the significance of the project is to find a potential solution to construct a low cost anechoic chamber. This model of mini anechoic chamber, which is consisting of the new designed absorber, is portable and small in size so that it is more user friendly. The performance of the designed absorber are compared to commercial absorber available. The absorber that has been developed is a low cost absorber with the absorption rate is 16.6% less compared to the commercial absorber.
{"title":"Design of portable mini anechoic chamber using low cost composite absorber","authors":"H. Abdullah, Malisa Shaziea Sabilurrashad, I. Ibrahim, R. Ariffin, S. A. Jalil, W. Ali, M. Taib","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442944","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the absorber in which it is designed and shaped to absorb incident radio frequency (RF) radiation. The absorber is designed using composite material since the significance of the project is to find a potential solution to construct a low cost anechoic chamber. This model of mini anechoic chamber, which is consisting of the new designed absorber, is portable and small in size so that it is more user friendly. The performance of the designed absorber are compared to commercial absorber available. The absorber that has been developed is a low cost absorber with the absorption rate is 16.6% less compared to the commercial absorber.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114051417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442977
Nazurah Tajjudin, M. Tajjudin, M. Rahiman, M. Taib
This paper presents the simulation and assessment of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the steam distillation essential oil extraction process. The mathematical model of the plant was obtained beforehand from the system identification technique by using ARX model structure. The model is then applied to the MPC control structure as a predicted model. The objective of the controller design is to keep low overshoot in steam temperature in order to improve the dynamic response of the essential oil extraction process. The conventional feedback controller is good in terms of accuracy and to attain the stability of the controlled variable but it is rather complicated when dealing with the nonlinear characteristic and slow process dynamic. This is an important criterion when we opt for MPC since steam temperature was known to exhibit a very large time delay. The simulation results on both PID and MPC show that the MPC can sustain the steam temperature at required set point efficiently with acceptable value of overshoot and RMSE.
{"title":"Model Predictive Control for steam distillation essential oil extraction process","authors":"Nazurah Tajjudin, M. Tajjudin, M. Rahiman, M. Taib","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442977","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the simulation and assessment of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the steam distillation essential oil extraction process. The mathematical model of the plant was obtained beforehand from the system identification technique by using ARX model structure. The model is then applied to the MPC control structure as a predicted model. The objective of the controller design is to keep low overshoot in steam temperature in order to improve the dynamic response of the essential oil extraction process. The conventional feedback controller is good in terms of accuracy and to attain the stability of the controlled variable but it is rather complicated when dealing with the nonlinear characteristic and slow process dynamic. This is an important criterion when we opt for MPC since steam temperature was known to exhibit a very large time delay. The simulation results on both PID and MPC show that the MPC can sustain the steam temperature at required set point efficiently with acceptable value of overshoot and RMSE.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128904758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442934
N. Ismail, Nazurah Tajjudin, M. Rahiman, M. Taib
This paper presents estimation on nonlinear ARX model for steam distillation process by wavenet estimator. A set of input-output data samples was collected at a sampling rate of 0.1 second from an essential oil extraction pilot plant by using steam distillation technique. PRBS input signal delivered to the heating element of the plant while the output was the steam temperature. By applying interlacing technique the data was split into 2 equal size subsets of data. One set of data was used for model estimation and the other one was used for model validation. During the estimation, we applied Nonlinear ARX based on wavenet estimator with different unit i.e. unit 1, unit 2, unit 3 and unit 8 in order to see their performances. We also modeled linear ARX for performance comparison. The comparison was done in term of the agreement between measured data and those models based on wavenet with different unit and the result has shown that the nonlinear ARX based on wavenet estimator with 3 units has outperformed the other models. For future work, the result obtained from estimation is contributed for extended application such as Hammerstein-Wiener model.
{"title":"Estimation of nonlinear ARX model for steam distillation process by wavenet estimator","authors":"N. Ismail, Nazurah Tajjudin, M. Rahiman, M. Taib","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442934","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents estimation on nonlinear ARX model for steam distillation process by wavenet estimator. A set of input-output data samples was collected at a sampling rate of 0.1 second from an essential oil extraction pilot plant by using steam distillation technique. PRBS input signal delivered to the heating element of the plant while the output was the steam temperature. By applying interlacing technique the data was split into 2 equal size subsets of data. One set of data was used for model estimation and the other one was used for model validation. During the estimation, we applied Nonlinear ARX based on wavenet estimator with different unit i.e. unit 1, unit 2, unit 3 and unit 8 in order to see their performances. We also modeled linear ARX for performance comparison. The comparison was done in term of the agreement between measured data and those models based on wavenet with different unit and the result has shown that the nonlinear ARX based on wavenet estimator with 3 units has outperformed the other models. For future work, the result obtained from estimation is contributed for extended application such as Hammerstein-Wiener model.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132726141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443057
M. Muhamad, Sunaily Lokman, H. Hussin
In this paper, a 90 nm NMOS was designed and fabricate to study its electrical characteristics. ATHENA and ATLAS module of SILVACO software are the tools used in simulating the electrical performance of the transistor. The parameters under investigation were the VTH, Id-Vg and Id-Vd relationship. From the simulation result, it was shown that the gate oxide thickness, channel doping, VTH adjust implant and the dosage of halo implantation were contribute in determining the VTH value and Id-Vg curve. From the simulation result, optimum solution is found in which VTH value of 0.2685 is achieved. The value is in line with ITRS guideline for 90 nm device.
{"title":"Optimization in fabricating 90nm NMOS transistors using Silvaco","authors":"M. Muhamad, Sunaily Lokman, H. Hussin","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443057","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a 90 nm NMOS was designed and fabricate to study its electrical characteristics. ATHENA and ATLAS module of SILVACO software are the tools used in simulating the electrical performance of the transistor. The parameters under investigation were the VTH, Id-Vg and Id-Vd relationship. From the simulation result, it was shown that the gate oxide thickness, channel doping, VTH adjust implant and the dosage of halo implantation were contribute in determining the VTH value and Id-Vg curve. From the simulation result, optimum solution is found in which VTH value of 0.2685 is achieved. The value is in line with ITRS guideline for 90 nm device.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132727669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443098
Abduazimkhodjaev Aziz, N. S. Zamani
This paper presents the effect of various doping concentration of BF2+polysilicon from 1011 to 1020 (atoms/cm3) for PMOS device using SILVACO TCAD (Technology Computer Aided Design) software. The threshold voltage of polysilicon obtain from ID-VGS curve was analyzed. The results show that BF2+ at dose 1014 to 1019 (atoms/cm3) giving the better characteristics of the PMOS at the threshold voltage between 1.0V to 1.3V. The resistivity of the polysilicon is gradually decreased as a concentration of doping increase, while the conductivity is reciprocal of the resistivity. The resistivity of polysilicon varies considerably depending upon the requirement in PMOS applications. To determine the better doping, the leakage current can be extracted from the I-V curve.
{"title":"Effect of the various doping concentration of BF2+ on polysilicon-gate PMOS","authors":"Abduazimkhodjaev Aziz, N. S. Zamani","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443098","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the effect of various doping concentration of BF<inf>2</inf><sup>+</sup>polysilicon from 10<sup>11</sup> to 10<sup>20</sup> (atoms/cm<sup>3</sup>) for PMOS device using SILVACO TCAD (Technology Computer Aided Design) software. The threshold voltage of polysilicon obtain from I<inf>D</inf>-V<inf>GS</inf> curve was analyzed. The results show that BF<inf>2</inf><sup>+</sup> at dose 10<sup>14</sup> to 10<sup>19</sup> (atoms/cm<sup>3</sup>) giving the better characteristics of the PMOS at the threshold voltage between 1.0V to 1.3V. The resistivity of the polysilicon is gradually decreased as a concentration of doping increase, while the conductivity is reciprocal of the resistivity. The resistivity of polysilicon varies considerably depending upon the requirement in PMOS applications. To determine the better doping, the leakage current can be extracted from the I-V curve.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133890415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442958
N. Kasuan, M. Yunus, M. Rahiman, S. R. S. Aris, M. Taib
A controlled steam distillation process was performed to extract essential oil of Kaffir lime. Water temperature in the process was controlled by ON/OFF controller. System performance was quantified based on oil production rate and assessment on the compositions in Kaffir lime leaves and peels respectively. The Kaffir lime essential oil compounds were identified by retention time and percentage area by Gas Chromatography — Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Results showed the essential oil percentage yield given by modified steam distillation was 1.34% (peels) and 0.43% (leaves) whereas for hydrodistillation yielded 0.16% (peels) and 0.18% (leaves). Based on compositions, oil extracted by controlled steam distillation gain higher percentage of limonene (27.97%) and α/β-pinene (9.82%) compared to hydrodistillation.
{"title":"Essential oil composition of Kaffir lime: Comparative analysis between controlled steam distillation and hydrodistillation extraction process","authors":"N. Kasuan, M. Yunus, M. Rahiman, S. R. S. Aris, M. Taib","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442958","url":null,"abstract":"A controlled steam distillation process was performed to extract essential oil of Kaffir lime. Water temperature in the process was controlled by ON/OFF controller. System performance was quantified based on oil production rate and assessment on the compositions in Kaffir lime leaves and peels respectively. The Kaffir lime essential oil compounds were identified by retention time and percentage area by Gas Chromatography — Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Results showed the essential oil percentage yield given by modified steam distillation was 1.34% (peels) and 0.43% (leaves) whereas for hydrodistillation yielded 0.16% (peels) and 0.18% (leaves). Based on compositions, oil extracted by controlled steam distillation gain higher percentage of limonene (27.97%) and α/β-pinene (9.82%) compared to hydrodistillation.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126374430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442986
M. Othman, M. Yusoff
Forecasting electricity load is an important economic problem. For an electric load forecasting task with a prediction horizon of 1–31 days ahead we decide to develop a simple model based on a system identification using the ARX model. The linear structure of the ARX model is concerned with the number of time lags of the model and coefficients. The determination of the system order is very important in the performance of the estimated model which is estimated using the training data collected by the Eastern Slovakian Electricity Corporation during the period of 1997–1998. The model is validated by using real data from the first 20 days of December 1998. For final application, the model is retrained and the requested forecasts are then performed
{"title":"System identification to forecast electricity loads","authors":"M. Othman, M. Yusoff","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442986","url":null,"abstract":"Forecasting electricity load is an important economic problem. For an electric load forecasting task with a prediction horizon of 1–31 days ahead we decide to develop a simple model based on a system identification using the ARX model. The linear structure of the ARX model is concerned with the number of time lags of the model and coefficients. The determination of the system order is very important in the performance of the estimated model which is estimated using the training data collected by the Eastern Slovakian Electricity Corporation during the period of 1997–1998. The model is validated by using real data from the first 20 days of December 1998. For final application, the model is retrained and the requested forecasts are then performed","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123871904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443006
N. A. Salim, T. Rahman, M. F. Jamaludin, M. Musa
This paper presents the Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF) to predict the demand in the future. STLF is a method used to predict a day ahead, 24 hours load demand. Two factors were considered in this forecasting: time and also the temperature of the day. The main objective of this project is to analyze the profile or pattern of the forecasted load and also to predict the load demand during weekends. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in MATLAB software was used in solving the forecasting problem. The percentage of average error was determined by using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE).
{"title":"Case study of Short Term Load Forecasting for weekends","authors":"N. A. Salim, T. Rahman, M. F. Jamaludin, M. Musa","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5443006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF) to predict the demand in the future. STLF is a method used to predict a day ahead, 24 hours load demand. Two factors were considered in this forecasting: time and also the temperature of the day. The main objective of this project is to analyze the profile or pattern of the forecasted load and also to predict the load demand during weekends. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in MATLAB software was used in solving the forecasting problem. The percentage of average error was determined by using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE).","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126263732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442979
Z. Yusuf, Z. Janin, M. Taib
This paper describes the development of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for a glycerin bleaching process based on simulation study. The first order plus dead time (FPODT) model of the glycerin bleaching temperature is obtained using open loop step test from a glycerin bleaching pilot plant. Fuzzy PI and Fuzzy PD controller was developed to replace the existing PID controller. The performances of the controllers are measured and compared with conventional PID controller. The result shows the fuzzy logic controllers performed much better compared with a PID controller in controlling glycerin bleaching temperature.
{"title":"Application of Fuzzy Logic Controller for glycerin bleaching process","authors":"Z. Yusuf, Z. Janin, M. Taib","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2009.5442979","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for a glycerin bleaching process based on simulation study. The first order plus dead time (FPODT) model of the glycerin bleaching temperature is obtained using open loop step test from a glycerin bleaching pilot plant. Fuzzy PI and Fuzzy PD controller was developed to replace the existing PID controller. The performances of the controllers are measured and compared with conventional PID controller. The result shows the fuzzy logic controllers performed much better compared with a PID controller in controlling glycerin bleaching temperature.","PeriodicalId":443287,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126943602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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