Water Research最新文献_第9页

Seasonal freeze-thaw significantly alters the distinct aquifers solute transport, microbial community assembly patterns, and molecular ecological networks in the hyporheic zone

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123555

Dong Li , Yuling Zhang , Xiaosi Su , Jili Wang , Ningfei Li

Elucidating the diversity patterns and assembly mechanisms of microbial communities is crucial for comprehending ecological processes and assessing biogeochemical cycles in the hyporheic zones of cold regions. The spatial and temporal diversity patterns and mechanisms governing these microbial communities are not yet well understood. Our study revealed that microbial richness decreased rapidly during the initial freezing period. However, it began to increase during the deep freezing period due to the role of cold-resistant microorganisms. Meanwhile, the diversity of microorganisms showed a trend that was in line with the lake water- groundwater changes in temperature. Achromobacter and Crenothrix have been designated as biomarkers for the initial freezing period and deep freezing period, respectively. In these phases, factors such as dispersal limitation (26.8 %-47.6 %) and drift (15.1 %-45.2 %), along with other random factors, are the primary drivers of bacterial community assembly. Physical properties (pH, T, DO, EC, Eh) have been identified as the predominant factors (r = 0.75, p < 0.01) affecting the progression of community succession in hyporheic systems throughout the freeze-thaw cycles. Conversely, nutrient properties (r = 0.36, p < 0.01) and the presence of heavy metals (r = 0.18, p < 0.01) play lesser roles, influencing community composition according to partial least squares path modeling. Our insights significantly enhance the understanding of microbial communities in the HZ of frigid areas and carry important consequences for the stewardship and safeguarding of lacustrine ecosystems.

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引用次数: 0

Salinity levels, trends and drivers of surface water salinization across China's river basins

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123556

Lin Gao , Ze Yuan , Xiaoteng Mao , Ting Ma

The salinization of freshwater resources constitutes an increasingly global challenge, exacerbated by climate change and human activities. Despite its growing significance, comprehensive assessments of salinity dynamics and the roles of natural and anthropogenic factors remain scarce. This study investigates surface water salinity levels and their long-term (2003–2022) and seasonal trends across 1356 sampling sites in ten major Chinese river basins. Our results reveal that >20 % of the sites exhibit relatively high long-term average salinity levels compared to the irrigation water threshold, primary in arid or semi-arid regions experiencing intensified human activities. Nearly 20 % of low-salinity sites exhibit significant trends towards increased salinity, primarily in humid region. Southern basins, such as the Pearl River and Yangtze River, generally have relatively low salinity but demonstrate upward trends, whereas northern basins, like the Yellow River and Huai River, experience moderate to high salinity levels with more rapid increases. Winter salinity levels and their rate of increase surpass those of other seasons. Anthropogenic drivers, particularly population density and agricultural water use, emerge as key contributors to rising salinity, in conjunction with hydroclimatic variables. Furthermore, seasonal salinity trends underscore the critical role of agricultural water use during summer and autumn months. These findings emphasize the necessity to address the compounded pressures of climate variability and human activities, which are increasingly threatening surface water quality through rising salinity and extreme weather events.

淡水资源盐碱化是一个日益严重的全球性挑战，气候变化和人类活动加剧了这一问题。尽管盐度的重要性与日俱增，但对盐度动态以及自然和人为因素作用的全面评估仍然很少。本研究调查了中国十大流域 1356 个采样点的地表水盐度水平及其长期（2003-2022 年）和季节变化趋势。研究结果表明，与灌溉水阈值相比，超过 20% 的采样点表现出相对较高的长期平均盐度水平，这些采样点主要位于人类活动加剧的干旱或半干旱地区。近 20% 的低盐度站点呈现出显著的盐度上升趋势，主要集中在潮湿地区。南方流域，如珠江和长江，盐度一般相对较低，但呈上升趋势；而北方流域，如黄河和淮河，盐度处于中等至高水平，且上升较快。冬季的盐度水平及其上升速度超过其他季节。人为因素，特别是人口密度和农业用水，与水文气候变量一起成为盐度上升的主要因素。此外，季节性盐度变化趋势突出表明了夏秋季节农业用水的关键作用。这些发现强调了应对气候多变性和人类活动的复合压力的必要性，这些压力正通过盐度上升和极端天气事件日益威胁着地表水的质量。

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引用次数: 0

The core anammox redox reaction system of 12 anammox bacterial genera and their evolution and application implications

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123551

Pengfei Hu , Mark van Loosdrecht , Ji-Dong Gu , Yuchun Yang

Anaerobic ammonium-oxidation (anammox) is a typical redox reaction driven by membrane electron transformation. However, the electron transfer mechanism of the core redox reaction and its evolutionary origins are still not thoroughly identified. In this study, a preliminary analysis was conducted for such interaction based on the 64 anammox bacterial genomes representing 12 genera available currently. The results suggested that enzymes involved in anammox reaction share the similar catalytic and electron transfer modes in different lineages, while the electron-carrying proteins shuttled between membrane and soluble enzymes are very different. A comparatively simple electronic shuttle protein system was encoded in the early-branching groundwater lineages Candidatus (Ca.) Avalokitesvara and Ca. Tripitaka, which was replaced by a sophisticated electron carrier scheme in the late-branching marine and terrestrial groups within family Ca. Brocadiaceae. Remarkably, the increasing availability of nitrite after Great Oxidation Event (GOE) potentially drove the adaptive evolution of the core redox systems by successively recruiting the nitrite reductase (NIR) for nitrite balance, a stable complex of two small cytochrome c proteins (NaxL and NaxS homologues) for electron transfer to HZS, as well as optimizing the structure of nitrite oxidoreductase gamma (NxrC) for electron conservation. In particular, a tubule-inducing nitrite oxidoreductase subunit (NxrT homologue) was further formed for electron transformation after the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event (NOE). Finally, based on two full-scale anammox-based wastewater treatment systems (WWTPs), we identified core gene transcriptional activities affecting the abundance of the family Ca. Brocadiaceae and their association with environmental factors. Overall, our study not only provides key information for understanding the dynamic patterns and evolutionary mechanisms of the anammox reactions and the associated electron transfers in conjunction with major geological events, but also provides new insights for future enrichment and effective applications.

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引用次数: 0

Anthropogenic imprint on riverine plasmidome diversity and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes following pollution and urbanization

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123553

Kenia Barrantes-Jiménez , Franck Lejzerowicz , Tam Tran , Melany Calderón-Osorno , Luis Rivera-Montero , César Rodríguez-Sánchez , Odd-Gunnar Wikmark , Alexander Eiler , Hans-Peter Grossart , María Arias-Andrés , Keilor Rojas-Jiménez

Plasmids are key determinants in microbial ecology and evolution, facilitating the dissemination of adaptive traits and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Although the molecular mechanisms governing plasmid replication, maintenance, and transfer have been extensively studied, the specific impacts of urbanization-induced pollution on plasmid ecology, diversity, and associated ARGs in tropical regions remain underexplored. This study investigates these dynamics in a tropical aquatic ecosystem, providing novel insights into how pollution shapes plasmid composition and function. In contrast to the observed decrease in chromosomal diversity, we demonstrate that pollution associated with urbanization increases the diversity and taxonomic composition of plasmids within a bacterial community (plasmidome). We analyzed eighteen water and sediment metagenomes, capturing a gradient of pollution and ARG contamination along a tropical urban river. Plasmid and chromosomal diversity profiles were found to be anti-correlated. Plasmid species enrichment along the pollution gradient led to significant compositional differences in water samples, where differentially abundant species suggest plasmid maintenance within specific taxonomic classes. Additionally, the diversity and abundance of ARGs related to the plasmidome increased concomitantly with the intensity of fecal and chemical pollution. These findings highlight the critical need for targeted plasmidome studies to better understand plasmids' environmental spread, as their dynamics are independent of chromosomal patterns. This research is crucial for understanding the consequences of bacterial evolution, particularly in the context of environmental and public health.

质粒是微生物生态学和进化的关键决定因素，有助于适应性状和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的传播。尽管有关质粒复制、维护和转移的分子机制已被广泛研究，但城市化引起的污染对热带地区质粒生态学、多样性和相关 ARGs 的具体影响仍未得到充分探索。本研究调查了热带水生生态系统中的这些动态变化，为了解污染如何影响质粒的组成和功能提供了新的视角。与所观察到的染色体多样性减少相反，我们证明了与城市化相关的污染会增加细菌群落（质粒体组）中质粒的多样性和分类组成。我们分析了 18 个水体和沉积物元基因组，捕捉到了热带城市河流沿岸的污染和 ARG 污染梯度。结果发现，质粒和染色体的多样性特征是反相关的。沿污染梯度的质粒物种富集导致了水样中成分的显著差异，不同的富集物种表明质粒在特定的分类类别中得以维持。此外，与质粒组相关的 ARGs 的多样性和丰度随着粪便和化学污染强度的增加而增加。这些发现突出表明，为了更好地了解质粒在环境中的传播情况，亟需进行有针对性的质粒体研究，因为质粒的动态变化与染色体模式无关。这项研究对于了解细菌进化的后果至关重要，尤其是在环境和公共卫生方面。

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引用次数: 0

History of carbon supply shapes the metabolic response of photogranules to light shifts

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123557

Oriane Della-Negra , Anaïs Séguéla , Camille Guilmineau , Roselyne Gautier , Cécile Canlet , Rémi Servien , Kim Milferstedt , Jérôme Hamelin

Oxygenic photogranules mainly composed of cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria, have gained attention for their ability to treat wastewater (removal of C, N, and P) without external aeration. Currently, the metabolic dynamics of photogranules to varying nutrient and light conditions in wastewater treatment systems remains poorly studied. However, understanding how quickly the photogranule metabolism changes, and whether this change is temporary or permanent is important for the optimal use of photogranules. Here, an NMR-based metabolomics approach was applied to investigate the temporal dynamics of photogranule metabolism in the presence or absence of acetate and with or without light.

Our findings revealed that under carbon-limited conditions, photogranules relied on alternative carbon sources, such as N-acetylneuraminate (a constituent of EPS) and amino acids like hypotaurine and L-alanine. This adaptation affected key metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. When acetate was provided, both heterotrophic and phototrophic activities were maintained. Notably, the history of carbon supply influenced how photogranules responded to light shifts. Metabolic indicators showed that the lag in carbon addition altered fatty acid metabolism and carbon fixation, leading to shifts in amino acid concentrations and distinct metabolic profiles when the light was turned off. Thus, NMR metabolomics identified metabolic changes, induced by contrasting carbon conditions, lasting for several hours, and significantly affecting the photogranule response to light fluctuations. These results suggest that the history of carbon supplementation may shape metabolic responses of photogranules to other environmental changes or stressors.

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引用次数: 0

Comment on “Modeling the settling and resuspension of microplastics in rivers: Effect of particle properties and flow conditions”, published by Akdogan and Guven [Water Research 260 (2024) 121900]

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123502

Baoqing Deng, Qi Zheng, Nuo Chen

The present comment reveals the misuse of the mixing length theory in the settling velocity and the drawback in the mass conservation equations of microplastics for the compartments of water column, water-sediment interface and sediment.

本评论揭示了混合长度理论在沉降速度中的误用，以及微塑料在水体、水-沉积物界面和沉积物等分区的质量守恒方程中的缺陷。

引用次数: 0

Estimation of organic carbon source composition and riverine outflow using an integrated watershed hydrological–carbon modelling approach

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123545

Yongyong Zhang , Jian Wu , Yang Gao , Gangsheng Wang , Jing Wang , Xuefa Wen

Carbon source apportionment and outflow estimation are the primary scientific considerations for reducing carbon output from watershed ecosystems to ocean. However, carbon loss and transportation mechanisms from soil to river system driven by watershed hydrological cycle, remain unclear. Our study developed a process–based watershed organic carbon model that integrates soil biogeochemical processes, overland loss, riverine metabolism and transportation driven by hydrological processes, and estimates the sources, outflows and their spatial distributions. The proposed model was validated using long-term field observations of runoff and labile particulate, dissolved, and total organic carbon (LOC, DOC and TOC) loads across the Xiangxi Watershed in China. The biases within ±0.25 were for all runoff simulations and for 71.4 % (30/42) of carbon load simulations, and both Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and correlation coefficient were over 0.60 for runoff simulation and for 83.3 % (35/42) of carbon load simulations. Annual average TOC load flowing into rivers was 11.3 ton^.km^-2.yr^-1, with resistant particulate organic carbon (ROC) as the main form, accounting for 88.7 % of the TOC load. Atmospheric deposition was the primary TOC source with a contribution of 87.9 %, followed by soil loss. Annual average riverine TOC outflow was 3.8 ton^.yr^-1, with LOC and DOC accounting for 57.5 % and 40.0 %, respectively. This indicates that a majority of ROC decomposed into DOC and LOC via riverine metabolism and sedimentation. Our study provides insights into integration mechanisms of watershed hydrological and carbon cycles, and contributes to strategies for controlling water and carbon losses to strengthen terrestrial carbon sequestration.

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引用次数: 0

Critical field evaluations of biochar-amended stormwater biofilters for PFAS and other organic micropollutant removals

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123547

Ali Beryani , Kelsey Flanagan , Shujie You , Fredrik Forsberg , Maria Viklander , Godecke-Tobias Blecken

Biochar is often promoted as an ideal amendment for stormwater biofilters; however, its effectiveness has rarely been tested under field conditions. This study evaluates the impact of biochar addition on the removal of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in field-scale biofilters operating under real-world conditions for the first time. The research comprised four vegetated biofilter facilities (3 − 5 years old), two without and two with 2.1 wt. % (10 vol. %) biochar amendment. Stormwater and filter material samples from various locations after four years of operation were analyzed for a wide range of common and emerging OMPs found in urban runoff. Unlike hydrophobic OMPs (hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate), the investigated biofilters demonstrated low, or inconsistent, removal of hydrophilic and slow-adsorbing OMPs like bisphenol A, monobutyltin, and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Although the physiochemical properties of biochar were well-adapted to pollutant removal, biochar amendment did not significantly improve OMP removal when compared with the status quo. This can be attributed to several field conditions and suboptimal design interfering with the biochar's sorption capacity, namely, the large particle size (D₅₀ ∼4 mm) and low quantity of biochar, high levels of competing agents (i.e., dissolved oxygen carbon (DOC) and cations), co-contaminants in stormwater, limited contact time, biochar pore blockage (e.g., by DOC molecules and sediments/minerals), diminished biochar surface porosity, and sometimes increased removal uncertainty due to low influent concentrations. Our findings demonstrated the complexities associated with applying biochar for stormwater treatment. Further research on biochar-specific biofilter designs is needed to optimize the sorption potential of this material under field conditions.

生物炭通常被宣传为雨水生物滤池的理想添加剂，但其有效性很少在现场条件下进行测试。本研究首次评估了添加生物炭对在实际条件下运行的实地生物滤池去除有机微污染物（OMPs）的影响。研究包括四个植被生物滤池设施（3-5 年），其中两个未添加生物炭，另两个添加了 2.1 wt.%（10 vol.%）的生物炭。对运行四年后来自不同地点的雨水和过滤材料样本进行了分析，以检测城市径流中常见和新出现的各种 OMP。与疏水性 OMPs（碳氢化合物、多氯联苯和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己酯））不同，所调查的生物过滤器对亲水性和慢吸附性 OMPs（如双酚 A、单丁基锡和全氟烷基物质）的去除率较低或不一致。虽然生物炭的理化特性非常适合去除污染物，但与现状相比，生物炭添加剂并没有显著提高对 OMP 的去除率。这可能是由于一些现场条件和次优设计干扰了生物炭的吸附能力，即生物炭的粒径大（D50 ∼ 4 毫米）、数量少、竞争介质（即溶解氧碳（DOC））含量高、生物炭的物理化学特性（D50 ∼ 4 毫米）和生物炭的化学性能（D50 ∼ 4 毫米）均影响了生物炭的吸附能力、例如，溶解氧碳 (DOC) 和阳离子）、雨水中的共污染物、有限的接触时间、生物炭孔隙阻塞（如 DOC 分子和沉积物/矿物质）、生物炭表面孔隙率降低，以及有时因进水浓度低而增加的去除不确定性。我们的研究结果表明了将生物炭用于雨水处理的复杂性。需要进一步研究生物炭特定的生物滤池设计，以优化这种材料在现场条件下的吸附潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular identification of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification bacteria: From methods development to application demonstration

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123542

Rui-chun Yang, You-wei Cui, Zhen-ying Li, Ming-teng Li, Liu-xu Jiang, Ya-nan Mi, Yuan Sui, Hui-kai Liang

Although heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria, a novel functional group involved in nitrogen conversion, have been isolated and characterized, the lack of specific molecular markers for identification severely limits the study of their role in geochemical cycling and the contribution in ecosystems. Here, a set of molecular markers was developed for the rapid identification of HN-AD bacteria, via delving into the genomics and transcriptomics of a HN-AD isolate (Pseudomonas aeruginosa SNDPR-01). Among the nine candidate genes that were significantly expressed during heterotrophic nitrification, three were involved in the conversion of hydroxylamine to nitrite, a characteristic process of HN-AD. The universality and stability of the identification methods based on the gene primer set were validated using pure HN-AD strains, mixed cultures of pure HN-AD strains, and activated sludge from laboratory-scale and real wastewater treatment plants. In all cases, the amplification outcome was positively correlated with the function and population of HN-AD bacteria, demonstrating its validity as a molecular marker. This study supports the paradigm of heterotrophic nitrification from hydroxylamine to nitrite. As an effective tool for the identification of classic HN-AD bacteria, this study lays the groundwork for research on environmental ecology and biotechnological application of HN-AD bacteria.

异养硝化和好氧反硝化（HN-AD）细菌是一种参与氮转化的新型功能群，虽然它们已经被分离和定性，但由于缺乏特异的分子标记来鉴定，严重限制了对它们在地球化学循环中的作用和在生态系统中的贡献的研究。在此，通过深入研究一种 HN-AD 分离物（铜绿假单胞菌 SNDPR-01）的基因组学和转录组学，开发了一套用于快速鉴定 HN-AD 细菌的分子标记。在异养硝化过程中显著表达的九个候选基因中，有三个参与羟胺向亚硝酸盐的转化，这是 HN-AD 的特征过程。利用纯 HN-AD 菌株、纯 HN-AD 菌株的混合培养物以及实验室规模和实际污水处理厂的活性污泥验证了基于基因引物集的鉴定方法的普遍性和稳定性。在所有情况下，扩增结果都与 HN-AD 细菌的功能和数量呈正相关，证明了其作为分子标记的有效性。这项研究支持从羟胺到亚硝酸盐的异养硝化模式。作为鉴定典型 HN-AD 细菌的有效工具，本研究为 HN-AD 细菌的环境生态学研究和生物技术应用奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning strategy secures urban smart drinking water treatment plant through incremental advances

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123541

Yu-Qi Wang , Hong-Cheng Wang , Zi-Jie Xiao , Ling-Jun Bu , Jiuling Li , Xiao-Chi Feng , Bin Liang , Wen-Zong Liu , Fei-Yun Sun , Shi-Qing Zhou , Ai-Jie Wang

The integration of machine learning into urban drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) offers a transformative pathway to ensure drinking water safety while promoting the development of smart, low-carbon cities. However, the effectiveness of these systems is frequently hindered by challenges related to data security and reliability, including imprecise control logic, sensor inconsistencies, and data transmission errors. In this study, we introduce a novel progressive Step-by-Step (SBS) machine learning strategy, initially applied to precise disinfectant dosage control in drinking water treatment and subsequently extended to enhance the data security of the entire water supply system. Among eight evaluated methods, the deep neural network integrated with the SBS strategy demonstrated superior performance. In a real-world DWTP, the SBS model significantly outperformed manual fuzzy control, reducing disinfectant dosage by 22.0 % and effluent turbidity by 16.0 %. Furthermore, through simulations of extreme data-missing scenarios and the application of SBS-based corrections, the robustness and security of DWTPs were maintained. The integration of the SBS strategy has the potential to significantly improve emergency management in urban water systems and elevate the intelligence of water supply networks. This approach not only strengthens urban resilience but also supports the safe and sustainable evolution of smart urban water systems.

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引用次数: 0