Water Research最新文献_第9页

Amoeba-inspired nano-robots for trace low-molecular-weight emerging contaminant removal from water 受变形虫启发的纳米机器人，用于去除水中痕量低分子量新兴污染物

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125443

Lina Zhao , Shikun Cheng , Suwan Xing , Ahmed M. Elgarahy , Khalid Z. Elwakeel , Zhen Yang , Zhiling Guo , Zifu Li , Nigel J.D. Graham , Iseult Lynch

Trace low-molecular-weight emerging contaminants (LMWECs) in drinking water sources pose chronic health risks but remain challenging to remove using conventional treatment processes. Here, we describe an amoeba-inspired nano-robot (NR_m, where m refers to the molar ratio of Fe:Si), engineered with flexible polymer chains and iron (hydr)oxide nanodomains, for the simultaneous capture and catalytic degradation of 20 representative LMWECs at initial concentrations from 100 ng/L to 1 mg/L in a real surface water. Under optimized operational conditions, NR₁₀ achieved over twice the removal efficiencies compared to conventional water treatment chemicals involving FeCl₃ and polyacrylamide (PAM). The nano-robot autonomously extended polymer “pseudopodia” to bind LMWECs into flocs via hydrophobic association, and used H₂O₂ both as a “propulsion fuel” and as a source of •OH radicals via Fenton-like reactions to accelerate degradation of captured LMWECs. This multi-function mechanism enabled efficient capture and degradation of LMWECs, while reducing toxicity (from “acute” of raw water to “nontoxic” of the treated water) and improving sludge dewaterability. After use, 91% of NR₁₀ could be recovered from flocs, and the recovered nano-robots maintained high LMWEC REs with only ∼2% reduction for each recovery-reuse cycle. NR₁₀ offers a deployable, infrastructure-compatible solution to the growing problem of LMWECs in drinking water.

饮用水水源中的微量低分子量新出现污染物（LMWECs）构成慢性健康风险，但使用常规处理工艺仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们描述了一种受阿米巴启发的纳米机器人（NRm，其中m指铁：硅的摩尔比），采用柔性聚合物链和铁（水）氧化物纳米结构域进行工程设计，用于在真实地表水中同时捕获和催化降解20种具有代表性的低分子量微wecs，初始浓度从100 ng/L到1 mg/L。在优化的操作条件下，与使用FeCl3和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的传统水处理化学品相比，NR10的去除率达到了两倍以上。纳米机器人自主扩展聚合物“伪足”，通过疏水缔合将低分子量微wecs结合成絮凝体，并利用H2O2作为“推进燃料”和•OH自由基的来源，通过类芬顿反应加速捕获的低分子量微wecs的降解。这种多功能机制能够有效地捕获和降解低分子wecs，同时降低毒性（从原水的“急性”到处理水的“无毒”），并提高污泥的脱水能力。使用后，91%的NR10可以从絮凝体中回收，并且回收的纳米机器人在每个回收-再利用循环中保持较高的LMWEC REs，仅降低~ 2%。NR10为饮用水中日益严重的LMWECs问题提供了可部署的、基础设施兼容的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

The global proliferation of aquatic, benthic Microcoleus: taxonomy, distribution, toxin production, ecology, and future directions 水生底栖微藻的全球扩散：分类、分布、毒素产生、生态学和未来方向

IF 12.8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125441

Laura T. Kelly, Daniel G. Beach, Joanna R. Blaszczak, Keith Bouma-Gregson, Sydney M. Brown, Haowu Cheng, Janette L. Davidson, Jutta Fastner, Marcus Francis, Andrea Garcia Jimenez, Laurel Genzoli, Ramesh Goel, Diego Gonzalez, Kim M. Handley, Sabine Hilt, Jean-François Humbert, Rob Jamieson, Lindsay Johnston, Pilar Junier, Janice Lawrence, Pearse McCarron, Sven Meissner, Jacob Mormando, Jonathan Puddick, Catherine Quiblier, Nagasaijanani Rajpirathap, Charlotte Schampera, Andy Selwood, Karen Shearer, Abeer Sohrab, Rosalina Stancheva, Cecilio Valadez-Cano, Jordan M. Zabrecky, Susanna A. Wood

引用次数: 0

Sulfur recovery from spent caustic streams: enabling selective transformation via tandem electrochemical–chemical strategy 从废碱流中回收硫：通过串联电化学-化学策略实现选择性转化

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125442

Haoran Chi , Jinghao Bi , Xiao Xu , Xuejing Yang , Qiang Yang , Hualin Wang

Spent caustic streams (SCS), rich in sulfides (predominantly HS^-), pose severe environmental risks and represent an underutilized sulfur resource, while existing treatment technologies suffer from high energy consumption, harsh operating conditions, or poor selectivity towards valuable sulfur products. To address the critical challenges of an unclear sulfide oxidation mechanism and an uncontrollable product distribution that hinder practical application, this study developed a tandem electrochemical–chemical strategy for selective sulfur recovery from SCS. A series of transition metal sulfide catalysts on nickel foam (TMS/NF) were synthesized via a two-step hydrothermal method. The optimized Cu_xS-0.2/NF electrode achieved 95% sulfide removal efficiency with up to 87% selectivity towards soluble polysulfides (S_n^2-) in a simulated SCS solution. A combined analytical approach using ion chromatography (IC) and UV–vis spectroscopy revealed that the Cu_xS-0.2/NF electrode catalyzes the oxidation of HS^- to S_n^2- via zero-order kinetics, ensuring stable performance under complex matrices. The superior activity is attributed to the synergistic effect between abundant Cu⁺ active sites (for HS^- adsorption and activation) and Cu²⁺ sites (for optimizing electron transfer). The process exhibits a low cell voltage of 0.81 ± 0.1 V, thus achieving a notably low energy consumption of 0.62 kWh·kg^-1 S, which confirms its techno-economic viability. Furthermore, high-purity elemental sulfur (α-S₈) was successfully recovered from real SCS through CO₂-induced protonation of S_n^2-, validating the practical feasibility of this resource-oriented treatment. This work elucidates the oxidation mechanism and kinetics of sulfide in alkaline media, providing a scalable, energy-efficient solution for sulfur resource recovery from SCS and advancing the development of green desulfurization technologies for industrial applications.

废碱流（SCS）富含硫化物（主要是HS-），具有严重的环境风险，是一种未充分利用的硫资源，而现有的处理技术存在高能耗、操作条件恶劣或对有价值的硫产物选择性差的问题。为了解决硫化物氧化机制不明确和产品分布不可控等阻碍实际应用的关键挑战，本研究开发了一种串联电化学-化学策略，用于从SCS中选择性回收硫。采用两步水热法制备了一系列泡沫镍表面过渡金属硫化物催化剂（TMS/NF）。优化后的CuxS-0.2/NF电极在模拟SCS溶液中对可溶性多硫化物（Sn2-）的去除效率达到95%，选择性高达87%。离子色谱（IC）和紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）相结合的分析方法表明，CuxS-0.2/NF电极通过零级动力学催化HS-氧化为Sn2-，在复杂基质下具有稳定的性能。这种优异的活性归因于丰富的Cu+活性位点（用于HS-吸附和活化）和Cu2+活性位点（用于优化电子转移）之间的协同作用。该工艺的电池电压低至0.81±0.1 V，能耗低至0.62 kWh·kg-1 S，证实了其技术经济可行性。通过二氧化碳诱导Sn2-质子化反应，从真实的SCS中成功回收了高纯度的单质硫（α-S₈），验证了该资源化处理的实际可行性。本研究阐明了硫化物在碱性介质中的氧化机理和动力学，为从SCS中回收硫资源提供了一种可扩展的、节能的解决方案，并推动了工业应用绿色脱硫技术的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Natural metal-containing nanoparticles as an important form of metals in their biogeochemical cycle and biological effect 天然含金属纳米粒子在生物地球化学循环和生物效应中的重要作用

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125440

Xiaoyan Zhang , Yingying Guo , Yanwei Liu , Fengbang Wang , Ligang Hu , Jianbo Shi , Maoyong Song , Yongguang Yin , Yong Cai , Guibin Jiang

Natural metal-containing nanoparticles (NMNs) represent a distinct and ubiquitous form of metals in the environment, characterized by reactivity intermediate between soluble ions/complexes and relatively inert macroscopic materials. This review uniquely synthesizes how the intrinsic nanoparticles properties enable NMNs to function as key transport vectors in the environment and unconventional carriers into organisms, roles systematically overlooked in existing models. Special emphasis is placed on aquatic systems, where NMNs exhibit intensified mobility and transformation through colloidal processes. As stabilized colloids, NMNs’ nanoscale size and organic-matter-induced stabilization enable prolonged suspension and long‑distance transport of metals in aquatic systems. Furthermore, through colloidal migration and adsorption and transformation involving dissolved ions and larger particles, NMNs regulate metal transport in porous media via mechanisms fundamentally different from dissolved ions and macroparticles. Biologically, NMNs enter organisms via pathways like the “Trojan horse” mechanism, resulting in cellular uptake, distribution, and toxicity profiles different from those of metal ions, which is not included in current models (e.g., biotic ligand model). By synthesizing these insights and identifying future research priorities, this review lays a foundation for incorporating the NMNs forms into models, advancing toward a more predictive and mechanistic framework for understanding metal fates and risks.

天然含金属纳米颗粒（NMNs）是一种独特而普遍存在于环境中的金属形式，其特征是介于可溶离子/配合物和相对惰性的宏观材料之间的反应性。这篇综述独特地综合了纳米颗粒的固有特性如何使纳米颗粒成为环境中的关键运输载体和进入生物体的非常规载体，这些作用在现有模型中被系统地忽视了。特别强调的是水生系统，其中nmn通过胶体过程表现出增强的流动性和转化。作为稳定的胶体，纳米颗粒的纳米级尺寸和有机物诱导的稳定性使得金属在水生系统中的长时间悬浮和长距离运输成为可能。此外，纳米颗粒通过胶体迁移和溶解离子和大颗粒的吸附转化，通过与溶解离子和大颗粒根本不同的机制调节金属在多孔介质中的运输。在生物学上，nmn通过类似“特洛伊木马”机制的途径进入生物体，导致细胞摄取、分布和毒性特征不同于金属离子，这没有包括在当前的模型中（例如，生物配体模型）。通过综合这些见解并确定未来的研究重点，本综述为将NMNs形式纳入模型奠定了基础，并朝着了解金属命运和风险的更具预测性和机械性的框架迈进。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating persistent mobile toxic chemicals and micropollutants into life cycle assessment: a cradle-to-grave evaluation of a low-carbon, nature-based wastewater treatment technology 将持久性移动有毒化学物质和微污染物纳入生命周期评估：低碳、基于自然的废水处理技术的从摇篮到坟墓的评估

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125430

Nooshin Barzegar Marvasti , Iestyn M.N. Stead , Christofer Betteridge , Ben Herbert , Peter Fantke , William A. Stubbings , Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah , Luisa Orsini

Persistent, mobile, and toxic chemicals (PMTs) and micropollutants (MPs) are widespread in aquatic environments, with wastewater as their primary source. As freshwater scarcity intensifies, wastewater reuse is critical for sustainable water management. However, traditional wastewater treatment processes are largely ineffective at removing PMTs and MPs. Advanced oxidation and chemical treatments, also known as tertiary treatments, can be effective, but are energy-intensive and may generate secondary pollution products. Nature-based solutions offer a promising alternative to mechano-chemical tertiary treatments, but they typically have a large land footprint and slow treatment rates limiting their scalability and economic viability. A recently developed nature-based solution leverages the filter-feeding capabilities of Daphnia (waterfleas) to capture and bioaccumulate a broad spectrum of PMTs and MPs, along with excess nutrients and suspended solids. As an emerging technology, its life cycle environmental impacts remain unassessed. This study presents the first cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) of this emerging technology. This study explicitly and systematically integrates PMTs and MPs into a cradle-to-grave assessment of this technology. It also assesses ecotoxicity and eutrophication as both life-cycle impacts and treatment-related indicators based on changes in these chemical pollutants and phosphorus concentrations in water, addressing effects rarely considered in wastewater treatment LCAs. Results show that the technology achieves a near zero overall environmental footprint while reducing ecotoxicity and eutrophication potential with net benefits of about 28 CTUe and 3.5E-05 kg P-eq, respectively. Scenario-based analysis indicates that recycling of infrastructure materials can reduce resource depletion, further reducing the carbon footprint of the technology. This LCA sets a new benchmark for evaluating Nature-Based tertiary wastewater treatment technologies by including PMT and MP removal and highlights the strong potential of the Daphnia-based technology as a sustainable, scalable option for tertiary water treatment and reuse.

持久性、流动性和有毒化学物质（pmt）和微污染物（MPs）在水生环境中广泛存在，废水是其主要来源。随着淡水短缺的加剧，废水回用对可持续水管理至关重要。然而，传统的废水处理工艺在去除pmt和MPs方面基本上无效。高级氧化和化学处理，也称为三级处理，可能是有效的，但是能源密集型的，可能产生二次污染产品。基于自然的解决方案为机械化学三级处理提供了一种很有前途的替代方案，但它们通常占地面积大，处理速度慢，限制了其可扩展性和经济可行性。最近开发的一种基于自然的解决方案利用水蚤（水蚤）的滤食能力来捕获和生物积累广谱的pmt和MPs，以及多余的营养物质和悬浮固体。作为一项新兴技术，其生命周期对环境的影响尚未得到评估。本研究提出了这种新兴技术的第一个从摇篮到坟墓的生命周期评估（LCA）。这项研究明确而系统地将pmt和MPs整合到这项技术的从摇篮到坟墓的评估中。它还根据这些化学污染物和水中磷浓度的变化，将生态毒性和富营养化作为生命周期影响和处理相关指标进行评估，解决了废水处理lca中很少考虑的影响。结果表明，该技术实现了接近零的总体环境足迹，同时降低了生态毒性和富营养化潜力，净效益分别约为28 CTUe和3.5E-05 kg P-eq。基于场景的分析表明，基础设施材料的回收利用可以减少资源消耗，进一步减少该技术的碳足迹。该LCA为评估基于自然的三级废水处理技术（包括PMT和MP去除）设定了新的基准，并强调了基于daphnia的技术作为可持续、可扩展的三级水处理和回用选择的巨大潜力。

{"title":"Integrating persistent mobile toxic chemicals and micropollutants into life cycle assessment: a cradle-to-grave evaluation of a low-carbon, nature-based wastewater treatment technology","authors":"Nooshin Barzegar Marvasti , Iestyn M.N. Stead , Christofer Betteridge , Ben Herbert , Peter Fantke , William A. Stubbings , Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah , Luisa Orsini","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2026.125430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2026.125430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent, mobile, and toxic chemicals (PMTs) and micropollutants (MPs) are widespread in aquatic environments, with wastewater as their primary source. As freshwater scarcity intensifies, wastewater reuse is critical for sustainable water management. However, traditional wastewater treatment processes are largely ineffective at removing PMTs and MPs. Advanced oxidation and chemical treatments, also known as tertiary treatments, can be effective, but are energy-intensive and may generate secondary pollution products. Nature-based solutions offer a promising alternative to mechano-chemical tertiary treatments, but they typically have a large land footprint and slow treatment rates limiting their scalability and economic viability. A recently developed nature-based solution leverages the filter-feeding capabilities of <em>Daphnia</em> (waterfleas) to capture and bioaccumulate a broad spectrum of PMTs and MPs, along with excess nutrients and suspended solids. As an emerging technology, its life cycle environmental impacts remain unassessed. This study presents the first cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) of this emerging technology. This study explicitly and systematically integrates PMTs and MPs into a cradle-to-grave assessment of this technology. It also assesses ecotoxicity and eutrophication as both life-cycle impacts and treatment-related indicators based on changes in these chemical pollutants and phosphorus concentrations in water, addressing effects rarely considered in wastewater treatment LCAs. Results show that the technology achieves a near zero overall environmental footprint while reducing ecotoxicity and eutrophication potential with net benefits of about 28 CTUe and 3.5E-05 kg P-eq, respectively. Scenario-based analysis indicates that recycling of infrastructure materials can reduce resource depletion, further reducing the carbon footprint of the technology. This LCA sets a new benchmark for evaluating Nature-Based tertiary wastewater treatment technologies by including PMT and MP removal and highlights the strong potential of the <em>Daphnia</em>-based technology as a sustainable, scalable option for tertiary water treatment and reuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 125430"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and verification of a microbial consortium with an anchoring-interface enhancement strategy for efficient PAHs degradation in groundwater 具有锚定界面增强策略的微生物群落设计与验证，用于地下水中PAHs的有效降解

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125439

Wang Kai Tong , Jiajun Hu , Chaomeng Dai , Jia Jie Zou , Han Tang , Piao Yi Jiang , Min-tian Gao , Jixiang Li , Xihua Wang , Yalei Zhang , Ken-Lin Chang , Kah Hon Leong , Yeap Swee Pin , Lang Zhou , Zhe Zhou

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) threaten 30% of drinking water sources worldwide. Compared to single strains or physicochemical approaches, microbial consortium provides a more stable and adaptive solution for complex groundwater remediation. Existing construction strategies focus too much on static degradation rates but overlook microbial migration under hydrodynamic disturbances. This leads to overestimations of dynamic remediation performance. Informed by the unique structural and functional traits of microorganisms, this study developed a microbial consortium capable of anchoring in groundwater porous media and enhancing interfacial bioavailability. Three strains were selected from 100 candidates to form the consortium: Agrobacterium pusense BN2 (anchoring via slime layer), Pseudoxanthomonas beigongshangi FL2 (bioavailability enhancement), and Pseudoxanthomonas beigongshangi BN8 (high degradation). This consortium degraded 16.02 mg/L of phenanthrene. It was found that Agrobacterium pusense BN2′s slime layers exhibit a dual regulatory mechanism: β-Sheet/α-Helix proteins form a highly stable corona that drives microbial consortium transport toward the pollutant source; the polysaccharide matrix anchors the microbial consortium to the pollutant source and resists water flow impact to regulate transport and anchoring. In a saturated soil microcosm, the microbial consortium increased the bioavailability of difficult to degrade bulk crystalline PAHs to 39.1 mg/kg. Ecological acute toxicity decreased by 88.3% compared to the phenanthrene contaminated control group. This mechanism results from the cooperative effects within the microbial consortium. It is also linked to the increased abundance of key genes in the degradation pathway. This study provided a new design perspective and paradigm for the design of application oriented microbial consortium, and offered a framework to construct remediation strategies based on bacterial functional structures for PAHs removal in groundwater dynamic environments.

多环芳烃（PAHs）威胁着全球30%的饮用水源。与单一菌株或物理化学方法相比，微生物联合修复为复杂的地下水修复提供了更稳定、适应性更强的解决方案。现有的构建策略过于关注静态降解率，而忽视了水动力扰动下微生物的迁移。这导致了对动态修复性能的高估。根据微生物独特的结构和功能特征，本研究开发了一个能够锚定地下水多孔介质并提高界面生物利用度的微生物联合体。从100株候选菌株中筛选出3株组成联合体，分别为：泊根农杆菌BN2（通过黏液层锚定）、北工上海假黄单胞菌FL2（生物利用度增强）和北工上海假黄单胞菌BN8（高降解）。该联合体对菲的降解率为16.02 mg/L。研究发现，pusense农杆菌BN2的黏液层具有双重调控机制：β-Sheet/α-Helix蛋白形成高度稳定的电晕，驱动微生物联合体向污染源运输；多糖基质将微生物群落锚定在污染源上，并抵抗水流影响，调节其迁移和锚定。在饱和土壤微观环境中，微生物联合体将难以降解的块状结晶多环芳烃的生物利用度提高到39.1 mg/kg。与菲污染对照组相比，生态急性毒性降低了88.3%。这一机制是由微生物群落内部的协同效应引起的。它还与降解途径中关键基因的丰度增加有关。本研究为面向应用的微生物群落设计提供了新的设计视角和范式，并为构建基于细菌功能结构的地下水动态环境多环芳烃修复策略提供了框架。

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引用次数: 0

Nitrogen loading fluctuations impact microbial community assembly and functional redundancy in anammox reactors 氮负荷波动影响厌氧氨氧化反应器中微生物群落的组装和功能冗余

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125434

Hoang Phuc Trinh , Sang-Hoon Lee , Hee-Deung Park

Nitrogen loading rate (NLR) fluctuations are common in full-scale anammox systems and can compromise process stability, yet the ecological mechanisms underlying system resilience under disturbed conditions remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated how different intensities of NLR disturbances influence microbial community assembly processes and functional redundancy, and how these ecological responses shape nitrogen removal performance. Two anammox sequencing batch reactors were operated for 180 days under either stable (R1) or fluctuating (R2) NLR conditions. Moderate NLR fluctuations (1.4-fold, Phase A) enhanced nitrogen removal efficiency (up to 99.7%) and increased the relative abundance of anammox bacteria to 26.4%, whereas severe fluctuations (2.0-fold, Phase B) caused deterioration in nitrogen removal efficiency (to 72.2%) and a decline in anammox bacteria abundance (7.1%). Metagenome-assembled genome analysis revealed pathway-level reorganization of nitrogen metabolism under fluctuating conditions, with increases in anammox-associated genes (hzsABC and hdh/hao-like) and the DNRA gene (nrfAH) during Phase A, followed by partial declines in Phase B. Neutral community modeling showed that stochastic processes dominated microbial assembly under moderate fluctuations (R² = 0.77), promoting coexistence and community adaptability, while deterministic selection prevailed under severe fluctuations (R² = 0.56). Functional redundancy exhibited a similar non-linear response, increasing under moderate disturbance (0.73) and declining sharply under severe disturbance (0.48), indicating reduced buffering capacity. These findings provide quantitative insight into the mechanistic link between loading disturbances and ecosystem resilience, offering a foundation for developing operational strategies that enhance the robustness of anammox-based nitrogen removal systems.

氮负荷率（NLR）波动在全规模厌氧氨氧化系统中很常见，并可能损害过程稳定性，但在扰动条件下系统恢复能力的生态机制尚不清楚。本研究探讨了不同强度的NLR干扰对微生物群落组装过程和功能冗余的影响，以及这些生态响应如何影响脱氮性能。两个厌氧氨氧化序批式反应器分别在稳定（R1）和波动（R2） NLR条件下运行180天。中度NLR波动（1.4倍，A期）可提高厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮效率（高达99.7%），使厌氧氨氧化菌的相对丰度提高到26.4%，而剧烈波动（2.0倍，B期）导致厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮效率下降（至72.2%），厌氧氨氧化菌的丰度下降（7.1%）。宏基因组组装基因组分析揭示了波动条件下氮代谢的通路水平重组，厌氧氨氧化相关基因（hzsABC和hdh/hao-like）和DNRA基因（nrfAH）在A阶段增加，随后在b阶段部分下降。中性群落模型显示，随机过程主导了适度波动下的微生物组装（R² = 0.77），促进了共存和群落适应性。而确定性选择在剧烈波动下占优势（R² = 0.56）。功能冗余表现出类似的非线性响应，在中度干扰下增加（0.73），在严重干扰下急剧下降（0.48），表明缓冲能力下降。这些发现为负载干扰与生态系统恢复力之间的机制联系提供了定量的见解，为开发增强厌氧氨氧化脱氮系统稳健性的操作策略提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Responses of ecological stability in subtropical coastal phytoplankton communities to varying N:P ratios under present and future scenarios 当前和未来情景下亚热带沿海浮游植物群落生态稳定性对N:P比值变化的响应

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125438

Jichen Chen , Yonglong Xiong , Jingke Ge , Xin Zhao , Yuan Feng , Xu Li , Chi Song , Xiao Yang , Rui Zhang , Jin-Yu Terence Yang , Wuchang Zhang , Shengyao Sun , Chao Zhang , Huijie Xue , Dazhi Wang , Kunshan Gao , Guang Gao

Anthropogenic activities are driving elevated N:P ratios in coastal waters and climate change. However, the ecological stability of plankton ecosystems under these combined stressors remains poorly understood. Using 32-day mesocosm experiments, we evaluated how subtropical plankton ecosystems respond to elevated N:P ratios (40:1) under present (20°C, 440 ppm CO₂) and future (23°C, 1000 ppm CO₂) scenarios in the first half period, followed by the next half period of restoration to Redfield ratio (16:1). A control group maintained a N:P ratio of 16:1 throughout the experiment. Elevated N:P stimulated phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity, with more pronounced effects observed under the future climate scenario. After 5-day nutrient restructuring, phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity returned to the control levels. However, a rapid rebound was detected after day 23, particularly under the future scenario. Relative to the present scenario, ecological stability (resistance, resilience, and recovery) of phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity declined in the future scenario. Furthermore, nutrient restructuring led to a marked shift from diatom- to dinoflagellate and chlorophyte-dominated assemblages, which was more significant in the future scenario. Elevated N:P ratios also enhanced grazing rates of zooplankton, with stronger effects in the future scenario, though grazing rates returned to control levels following nutrient restoration. Elevated N:P did not affect elemental stoichiometry immediately but enhanced POC:POP and PON:POP by the end of the experiment, particularly in the future scenario. Our findings highlight that mitigating nitrogen inputs alone may be insufficient to restore coastal ecosystems; climate change would increase the challenges of coastal restoration due to nutrient restructuring.

人为活动正在推动沿海水域氮磷比升高和气候变化。然而，浮游生物生态系统在这些综合压力下的生态稳定性仍然知之甚少。通过32天的中尺度实验，我们评估了亚热带浮游生物生态系统在当前（20°C, 440 ppm CO2）和未来（23°C, 1000 ppm CO2）情景下对N:P比（40:1）升高的响应，以及在恢复到Redfield比（16:1）的后半期。对照组在整个试验过程中保持16:1的氮磷比。N:P升高刺激了浮游植物生物量和初级生产力，在未来气候情景下观察到的影响更为明显。经过5 d的养分重组，浮游植物生物量和初级生产力恢复到对照水平。然而，在第23天之后检测到快速反弹，特别是在未来的情况下。与当前情景相比，未来情景浮游植物生物量和初级生产力的生态稳定性（抗性、恢复力和恢复力）有所下降。此外，营养物重组导致以硅藻为主的组合向以甲藻和绿藻为主的组合明显转变，这在未来的情景中更为显著。氮磷比的提高也提高了浮游动物的放牧率，在未来的情景中会有更强的影响，尽管放牧率在养分恢复后会恢复到控制水平。升高的N:P不会立即影响元素化学计量，但会在实验结束时增强POC:POP和PON:POP，特别是在未来的情景中。我们的研究结果强调，仅仅减少氮输入可能不足以恢复沿海生态系统；气候变化将增加沿海恢复的挑战，因为营养物质的重组。

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引用次数: 0

A review of premise plumbing systems: from design and key performance domains to challenges and future research pathways for full-scale integration 住宅管道系统综述：从设计和关键性能领域到全面集成的挑战和未来研究途径

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125437

Muhammad Bilal, Steven G. Sandi, Brendan M. Josey, Jinzhe Gong

Premise plumbing systems (PPS) are essential for delivering safe, efficient, and sustainable water services in buildings. However, current design practices rely on outdated assumptions, including static demand curves and prescriptive codes, which contribute to oversizing, stagnation, water quality degradation, and energy–health trade-offs. This review offers the first integrated synthesis of recent advances across five interrelated domains: (i) hydraulic design, (ii) water conservation, (iii) water quality, (iv) energy efficiency, and (v) socio-economic factors. Each domain influences PPS performance but is often treated in isolation. Drawing on empirical evidence, international standards, and emerging modelling frameworks, the paper frames PPS design as the alignment of hydraulic, thermal, water quality (including microbial and chemical), and economic processes across the system life cycle. It identifies persistent barriers such as fragmented workforce training, economic constraints, and misaligned conservation strategies, while also highlighting emerging enablers, including digitalization, policy support, and industrialized construction. Future research priorities are outlined for dynamic sizing, water quality risk modelling, and life-cycle cost analysis. This review provides a roadmap for transforming PPS into adaptive, health-protective systems aligned with global sustainability targets.

住宅供水系统（PPS）对于提供安全、高效和可持续的供水服务至关重要。然而，目前的设计实践依赖于过时的假设，包括静态需求曲线和规范性代码，这导致了超大规模、停滞、水质退化和能源健康权衡。这篇综述首次综合了五个相互关联领域的最新进展：(i)水力设计，（ii）节水，（iii）水质，（iv）能源效率，(v)社会经济因素。每个域都影响PPS性能，但通常是单独处理的。根据经验证据、国际标准和新兴的建模框架，本文将PPS设计框架为整个系统生命周期中水力、热力、水质（包括微生物和化学）和经济过程的一致性。报告指出了持续存在的障碍，如分散的劳动力培训、经济约束和不一致的保护战略，同时也强调了新兴的推动因素，包括数字化、政策支持和工业化建设。未来的研究重点概述了动态规模，水质风险建模和生命周期成本分析。这篇综述为将PPS转变为符合全球可持续性目标的适应性健康保护系统提供了路线图。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a dual-metric operational decision-support model for full-scale submerged membrane bioreactors (MBRs) 全尺寸浸没膜生物反应器（mbr）双度量操作决策支持模型的建立

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125435

Changyoon Jun , Kimia Aghasadeghi , Glen T. Daigger

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) operations are often characterized by reactive and suboptimal responses to complex fouling phenomena, leading to high operational costs. To facilitate a shift toward proactive management, this study developed and evaluated a novel dual-metric operational decision-support model. We analyzed year-long operational data from a full-scale MBR facility, integrating the hydrodynamic index (H) with detailed resistance component analysis (back-pulsing resistance, R_BP; cake resistance, R_cake). The study identified two critical hydrodynamic thresholds: H_Target, representing sustainable capacity and the onset of accelerated fouling, and H_Lim, defining the absolute operational limit. Detailed trajectory analysis revealed two primary fouling pathways: Pathway A (R_BP-initiated cyclical degradation) and Pathway B (R_cake-dominant response to acute stress). A key finding is that the system's fouling maturity (baseline R_cake, R_BP) influences its sensitivity and response pathway. Based on these insights, a control matrix was developed, categorizing the operation into nine statistically distinct fouling states defined by H values and resistance thresholds. This was further simplified into a practical action matrix to guide targeted operator interventions. The proposed model aims to improve system performance, most notably through dynamic air scour control using H_Target as a practical setpoint and the diagnosis of resistance components. This physics-informed, data-driven methodology is expected to bridge the gap between field operations and future machine learning-based control policies, facilitating reduced energy and chemical consumption through optimized operational decision-making.

膜生物反应器（MBR）的运行通常具有反应性和低效率的特点，导致运行成本高。为了促进向主动管理的转变，本研究开发并评估了一种新的双度量操作决策支持模型。我们分析了一个全尺寸MBR设施一年的运行数据，将流体动力指数(H)与详细的阻力成分分析（反脉冲阻力，RBP；饼阻力，Rcake）结合起来。该研究确定了两个关键的水动力阈值：HTarget，代表可持续能力和加速结垢的开始，HLim，定义绝对运行极限。详细的轨迹分析揭示了两个主要的污染途径：途径A （RBP启动的周期性降解）和途径B（蛋糕对急性应激的显性反应）。一个关键的发现是，系统的污染成熟度（基线Rcake， RBP）决定了其敏感性和响应途径。基于这些见解，开发了一个控制矩阵，根据H值和阻力阈值将操作分为9个统计上不同的污染状态。这进一步简化为实际的行动矩阵，以指导有针对性的操作人员干预。提出的模型旨在提高系统性能，最显著的是通过使用HTarget作为实际设定值的动态空气冲刷控制。该研究提供了一种数据驱动的方法，旨在支持操作决策的优化，提供减少能耗和化学品使用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0