What happens when terms are used, translated and coined under the pressure of a global pandemic? By analyzing ad hoc corpora from the leaders of the World Health Organization (WHO), European Commission (EC), Spain and France, as well as Spanish and French press, this corpus-based study aims to identify the extent to which the WHO influenced and contributed to the standardization of COVID-19-related terminology in French and Spanish during the pandemic. Publicly available speeches from January 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021 delivered by these four institutional leaders were compiled and analyzed using corpus linguistics techniques. Use frequencies in the media provide contrasting data on term use in selected French and Spanish newspapers. Results indicate that terminological variation was less pronounced for more established terminology and more widespread for terms coined during COVID-19. Furthermore, in some cases the analyzed supranational and national institutions and the press failed to adopt standardized WHO terminology. The study concludes that national institutions and the press did not rise to their potential as agents for the standardization and harmonization of WHO’s COVID-19-related terminology.
{"title":"Adherence to WHO’s terminology?","authors":"Albert Morales Moreno","doi":"10.1075/term.00072.mor","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.00072.mor","url":null,"abstract":"What happens when terms are used, translated and coined under the pressure of a global pandemic? By analyzing ad hoc corpora from the leaders of the World Health Organization (WHO), European Commission (EC), Spain and France, as well as Spanish and French press, this corpus-based study aims to identify the extent to which the WHO influenced and contributed to the standardization of COVID-19-related terminology in French and Spanish during the pandemic. Publicly available speeches from January 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021 delivered by these four institutional leaders were compiled and analyzed using corpus linguistics techniques. Use frequencies in the media provide contrasting data on term use in selected French and Spanish newspapers. Results indicate that terminological variation was less pronounced for more established terminology and more widespread for terms coined during COVID-19. Furthermore, in some cases the analyzed supranational and national institutions and the press failed to adopt standardized WHO terminology. The study concludes that national institutions and the press did not rise to their potential as agents for the standardization and harmonization of WHO’s COVID-19-related terminology.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134908987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Rothwell, Moorkens, Fernández-Parra, Drugan & Austermuehl (2023): Translation Tools and Technologies","authors":"Haoda Feng, Gang Zeng","doi":"10.1075/term.23018.fen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.23018.fen","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polysemy, even when it is considered within specialized domains, is a recurrent phenomenon and the topic is debated from time to time in terminology literature. Part of this literature still advocates ways to prevent polysemy. Another portion recognizes the prevalence of polysemy, especially in specialized corpora, but considers it from the perspective of other phenomena, such as ambiguity, indeterminacy, categorization or variation. Although the number of perspectives on meaning have increased over the years, the treatment of polysemy in terminological resources is still unsatisfactory. This article first shows that polysemy is an integral part of specialized communication and that there are different kinds of domain-specific polysemy. Then, it reviews selected perspectives that have been taken on polysemy in terminology literature. The treatment of 45 polysemous lexical items in four specialized resources is then analysed. Finally, different methods based on lexical semantics are proposed to account for polysemy in terminological resources.
{"title":"Managing polysemy in terminological resources*","authors":"Marie-Claude L’Homme","doi":"10.1075/term.22017.lho","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.22017.lho","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Polysemy, even when it is considered within specialized domains, is a recurrent phenomenon and the topic is debated from time to time in terminology literature. Part of this literature still advocates ways to prevent polysemy. Another portion recognizes the prevalence of polysemy, especially in specialized corpora, but considers it from the perspective of other phenomena, such as ambiguity, indeterminacy, categorization or variation. Although the number of perspectives on meaning have increased over the years, the treatment of polysemy in terminological resources is still unsatisfactory. This article first shows that polysemy is an integral part of specialized communication and that there are different kinds of domain-specific polysemy. Then, it reviews selected perspectives that have been taken on polysemy in terminology literature. The treatment of 45 polysemous lexical items in four specialized resources is then analysed. Finally, different methods based on lexical semantics are proposed to account for polysemy in terminological resources.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43319932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the introduction of frame semantics in SciE-Lex, a lexical database of biomedical English, in order to establish frame-based semantic networks among the lexical units contained in the database and draw attention to the domain-specific meanings and syntactic patterns that they exhibit. Taking the general English FrameNet database as a reference and the verbs diminish, compete, and perturb as an illustration, this paper shows how modelling the syntacticosemantic properties of biomedical English results in three scenarios: (a) the general English FrameNet analysis is fully adequate for biomedical usage (b) the frame elements in the general English FrameNet do not fully characterize the semantic and syntactic properties of the lexical items in biomedical English, so an existing frame needs to be customized (c) the frame(s) evoked in general English are different, so either the customization of an existing frame or the addition of a new frame is necessary.
{"title":"Frame semantics in the lexical database SciE-Lex","authors":"Emilia Castaño, Isabel Verdaguer Clavera","doi":"10.1075/term.22035.cas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.22035.cas","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper presents the introduction of frame semantics in SciE-Lex, a lexical database of biomedical English, in order to establish frame-based semantic networks among the lexical units contained in the database and draw attention to the domain-specific meanings and syntactic patterns that they exhibit. Taking the general English FrameNet database as a reference and the verbs diminish, compete, and perturb as an illustration, this paper shows how modelling the syntacticosemantic properties of biomedical English results in three scenarios: (a) the general English FrameNet analysis is fully adequate for biomedical usage (b) the frame elements in the general English FrameNet do not fully characterize the semantic and syntactic properties of the lexical items in biomedical English, so an existing frame needs to be customized (c) the frame(s) evoked in general English are different, so either the customization of an existing frame or the addition of a new frame is necessary.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47343465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A term is a lexical unit with specialized meaning in a particular domain. Terms may be simple (STs) or multi-word (MWTs). The organization of terms gives a representation of the structure of domain knowledge, which is based on the relationships between the concepts of the domain. However, relations between MWTs are often underrepresented in terminology resources. This work aims to explore distributional semantic models for capturing terminological relations between multi-word terms through lexical substitution and analogy. The experiments show that the results of the analogy-based method are globally better than those of the one based on lexical substitution and that analogy is well suited to the acquisition of synonymy, antonymy, and hyponymy while lexical substitution performs best for hypernymy.
{"title":"Exploring terminological relations between multi-word terms in distributional semantic models","authors":"Yizhe Wang, B. Daille, Nabil Hathout","doi":"10.1075/term.21053.wan","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21053.wan","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A term is a lexical unit with specialized meaning in a particular domain. Terms may be simple (STs) or multi-word\u0000 (MWTs). The organization of terms gives a representation of the structure of domain knowledge, which is based on the relationships\u0000 between the concepts of the domain. However, relations between MWTs are often underrepresented in terminology resources. This work\u0000 aims to explore distributional semantic models for capturing terminological relations between multi-word terms through lexical\u0000 substitution and analogy. The experiments show that the results of the analogy-based method are globally better than those of the\u0000 one based on lexical substitution and that analogy is well suited to the acquisition of synonymy, antonymy, and hyponymy while\u0000 lexical substitution performs best for hypernymy.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48574486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The essential attributes and pragmatic features of terms are reflected in their actual use. The diachronic dimension of terminology use has become a major concern in recent decades; however, few considerations are given to the use of translated terminology. In this paper, we report on a diachronic study on the use of the translated Chinese term zibenhua (资本化, capitalisation/capitalise) under Cabré’s theory of doors. We built a corpus by collecting the texts containing the translated term zibenhua from the People’s Daily (1950–2019) to investigate the changes in its use and the potential reasons for these changes. A usage-based methodology for researching the translated terminology is also described.
{"title":"A usage-based diachronic study of translated terminology","authors":"Xiaona Dong, Xiangqing Wei, Runze Liu","doi":"10.1075/term.21044.don","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21044.don","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The essential attributes and pragmatic features of terms are reflected in their actual use. The diachronic dimension of terminology use has become a major concern in recent decades; however, few considerations are given to the use of translated terminology. In this paper, we report on a diachronic study on the use of the translated Chinese term zibenhua (资本化, capitalisation/capitalise) under Cabré’s theory of doors. We built a corpus by collecting the texts containing the translated term zibenhua from the People’s Daily (1950–2019) to investigate the changes in its use and the potential reasons for these changes. A usage-based methodology for researching the translated terminology is also described.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41673713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Delavigne & de Vecchi (2021): Termes en discours. Entreprises et organisations","authors":"Mojca Pecman","doi":"10.1075/term.22027.pec","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.22027.pec","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44273149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Theory of Doors (Cabré 2003) has been well established in the academia of terminology worldwide. Many follow-up terminology studies draw on the analytical framework of this theory, namely the linguistic, cognitive, and communicative dimensions of a terminological unit. This theory provides a comprehensive approach to the observation of terminology, which helps with the better understanding and description of terminology in real use. With this paradigm, a terminological unit can be investigated from any of the three dimensions, or “three doors”. However, the interrelationships among the three dimensions have not been further elaborated, which may fail to account for the complexity of actual terminology use, in cross-lingual settings particularly. The authors of the present study aim for an extension of the theory to cope with the research on cross-lingual and cross-cultural terminology use by focusing on the concept of “domestic violence” in the English and Chinese languages and cultures. To extend the Theory of Doors, the interrelatedness of the three descriptive dimensions is demonstrated based on a new metaphorical image of “a revolving door”, and more precisely a “three-wing revolving door”.
{"title":"From “three doors” to “one revolving door”","authors":"Yujing Liu, Xiangqing Wei","doi":"10.1075/term.22013.liu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.22013.liu","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Theory of Doors (Cabré 2003) has been well established in\u0000 the academia of terminology worldwide. Many follow-up terminology studies draw on the analytical framework of this theory, namely the\u0000 linguistic, cognitive, and communicative dimensions of a terminological unit. This theory provides a comprehensive approach to the\u0000 observation of terminology, which helps with the better understanding and description of terminology in real use. With this paradigm, a\u0000 terminological unit can be investigated from any of the three dimensions, or “three doors”. However, the interrelationships among the three\u0000 dimensions have not been further elaborated, which may fail to account for the complexity of actual terminology use, in cross-lingual\u0000 settings particularly. The authors of the present study aim for an extension of the theory to cope with the research on cross-lingual and\u0000 cross-cultural terminology use by focusing on the concept of “domestic violence” in the English and Chinese languages and cultures. To\u0000 extend the Theory of Doors, the interrelatedness of the three descriptive dimensions is demonstrated based on a new\u0000 metaphorical image of “a revolving door”, and more precisely a “three-wing revolving door”.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42763010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Terminological counselling is ad hoc terminology work that provides the terminology user with a relatively quick and credible answer to a terminological question. In this article, we present the Terminological Counselling Service offered by the Terminology Section of the ZRC SAZU Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language since 2013. Through a web form, users submit a question, which is answered by five terminologists in a joint opinion. For this article, all 75 questions received by the Terminological Counselling Service in 2020 were examined. They were analysed in terms of the subject fields in which the users have terminological problems, the institutions the users are affiliated with, and the content of the questions. We believe that the Terminological Counselling Service plays an important role, as the number of users is increasing year by year.
{"title":"Terminological problems of terminology users","authors":"Mojca Žagar Karer, T. Fajfar","doi":"10.1075/term.21046.zag","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21046.zag","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Terminological counselling is ad hoc terminology work that provides the terminology user with a relatively quick\u0000 and credible answer to a terminological question. In this article, we present the Terminological Counselling Service offered by\u0000 the Terminology Section of the ZRC SAZU Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language since 2013. Through a web form, users\u0000 submit a question, which is answered by five terminologists in a joint opinion. For this article, all 75 questions received by the\u0000 Terminological Counselling Service in 2020 were examined. They were analysed in terms of the subject fields in which the users\u0000 have terminological problems, the institutions the users are affiliated with, and the content of the questions. We believe that\u0000 the Terminological Counselling Service plays an important role, as the number of users is increasing year by year.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47562734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The analysis of domain-specific terminology is essential for characterizing specialized discourses, and emerges as a useful means of measuring the thematic hybridity of law and legal translation in particular. This paper accordingly presents a large-scale mapping of terminological and phraseological features in a multi-genre corpus that was built as part of the LETRINT project on institutional legal translation. The corpus-driven analysis focuses on the density of legal terminology and phraseology, on the one hand, and that of terminology of other specialized domains, on the other, in nine genres that are considered representative of three central legal functions (law-making, compliance monitoring and adjudication) in three international settings (the European Union, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization). The comparative examination of density scores provides empirical evidence of the common core features of the selected genres, and reveals variations based on institutional thematic focus, primary legal function and genre specificities. These insights nuance our understanding of international legal discourses and domain specialization in institutional translation.
{"title":"Terminological hybridity in institutional legal translation","authors":"F. Prieto Ramos, Giorgina Cerutti","doi":"10.1075/term.21047.pri","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21047.pri","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The analysis of domain-specific terminology is essential for characterizing specialized discourses, and emerges as\u0000 a useful means of measuring the thematic hybridity of law and legal translation in particular. This paper accordingly presents a\u0000 large-scale mapping of terminological and phraseological features in a multi-genre corpus that was built as part of the LETRINT\u0000 project on institutional legal translation. The corpus-driven analysis focuses on the density of legal terminology and\u0000 phraseology, on the one hand, and that of terminology of other specialized domains, on the other, in nine genres that are\u0000 considered representative of three central legal functions (law-making, compliance monitoring and adjudication) in three\u0000 international settings (the European Union, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization). The comparative examination of\u0000 density scores provides empirical evidence of the common core features of the selected genres, and reveals variations based on\u0000 institutional thematic focus, primary legal function and genre specificities. These insights nuance our understanding of\u0000 international legal discourses and domain specialization in institutional translation.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44792301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：