This paper presents the introduction of frame semantics in SciE-Lex, a lexical database of biomedical English, in order to establish frame-based semantic networks among the lexical units contained in the database and draw attention to the domain-specific meanings and syntactic patterns that they exhibit. Taking the general English FrameNet database as a reference and the verbs diminish, compete, and perturb as an illustration, this paper shows how modelling the syntacticosemantic properties of biomedical English results in three scenarios: (a) the general English FrameNet analysis is fully adequate for biomedical usage (b) the frame elements in the general English FrameNet do not fully characterize the semantic and syntactic properties of the lexical items in biomedical English, so an existing frame needs to be customized (c) the frame(s) evoked in general English are different, so either the customization of an existing frame or the addition of a new frame is necessary.
{"title":"Frame semantics in the lexical database SciE-Lex","authors":"Emilia Castaño, Isabel Verdaguer Clavera","doi":"10.1075/term.22035.cas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.22035.cas","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper presents the introduction of frame semantics in SciE-Lex, a lexical database of biomedical English, in order to establish frame-based semantic networks among the lexical units contained in the database and draw attention to the domain-specific meanings and syntactic patterns that they exhibit. Taking the general English FrameNet database as a reference and the verbs diminish, compete, and perturb as an illustration, this paper shows how modelling the syntacticosemantic properties of biomedical English results in three scenarios: (a) the general English FrameNet analysis is fully adequate for biomedical usage (b) the frame elements in the general English FrameNet do not fully characterize the semantic and syntactic properties of the lexical items in biomedical English, so an existing frame needs to be customized (c) the frame(s) evoked in general English are different, so either the customization of an existing frame or the addition of a new frame is necessary.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47343465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A term is a lexical unit with specialized meaning in a particular domain. Terms may be simple (STs) or multi-word (MWTs). The organization of terms gives a representation of the structure of domain knowledge, which is based on the relationships between the concepts of the domain. However, relations between MWTs are often underrepresented in terminology resources. This work aims to explore distributional semantic models for capturing terminological relations between multi-word terms through lexical substitution and analogy. The experiments show that the results of the analogy-based method are globally better than those of the one based on lexical substitution and that analogy is well suited to the acquisition of synonymy, antonymy, and hyponymy while lexical substitution performs best for hypernymy.
{"title":"Exploring terminological relations between multi-word terms in distributional semantic models","authors":"Yizhe Wang, B. Daille, Nabil Hathout","doi":"10.1075/term.21053.wan","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21053.wan","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A term is a lexical unit with specialized meaning in a particular domain. Terms may be simple (STs) or multi-word\u0000 (MWTs). The organization of terms gives a representation of the structure of domain knowledge, which is based on the relationships\u0000 between the concepts of the domain. However, relations between MWTs are often underrepresented in terminology resources. This work\u0000 aims to explore distributional semantic models for capturing terminological relations between multi-word terms through lexical\u0000 substitution and analogy. The experiments show that the results of the analogy-based method are globally better than those of the\u0000 one based on lexical substitution and that analogy is well suited to the acquisition of synonymy, antonymy, and hyponymy while\u0000 lexical substitution performs best for hypernymy.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48574486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The essential attributes and pragmatic features of terms are reflected in their actual use. The diachronic dimension of terminology use has become a major concern in recent decades; however, few considerations are given to the use of translated terminology. In this paper, we report on a diachronic study on the use of the translated Chinese term zibenhua (资本化, capitalisation/capitalise) under Cabré’s theory of doors. We built a corpus by collecting the texts containing the translated term zibenhua from the People’s Daily (1950–2019) to investigate the changes in its use and the potential reasons for these changes. A usage-based methodology for researching the translated terminology is also described.
{"title":"A usage-based diachronic study of translated terminology","authors":"Xiaona Dong, Xiangqing Wei, Runze Liu","doi":"10.1075/term.21044.don","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21044.don","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The essential attributes and pragmatic features of terms are reflected in their actual use. The diachronic dimension of terminology use has become a major concern in recent decades; however, few considerations are given to the use of translated terminology. In this paper, we report on a diachronic study on the use of the translated Chinese term zibenhua (资本化, capitalisation/capitalise) under Cabré’s theory of doors. We built a corpus by collecting the texts containing the translated term zibenhua from the People’s Daily (1950–2019) to investigate the changes in its use and the potential reasons for these changes. A usage-based methodology for researching the translated terminology is also described.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41673713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Delavigne & de Vecchi (2021): Termes en discours. Entreprises et organisations","authors":"Mojca Pecman","doi":"10.1075/term.22027.pec","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.22027.pec","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44273149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Theory of Doors (Cabré 2003) has been well established in the academia of terminology worldwide. Many follow-up terminology studies draw on the analytical framework of this theory, namely the linguistic, cognitive, and communicative dimensions of a terminological unit. This theory provides a comprehensive approach to the observation of terminology, which helps with the better understanding and description of terminology in real use. With this paradigm, a terminological unit can be investigated from any of the three dimensions, or “three doors”. However, the interrelationships among the three dimensions have not been further elaborated, which may fail to account for the complexity of actual terminology use, in cross-lingual settings particularly. The authors of the present study aim for an extension of the theory to cope with the research on cross-lingual and cross-cultural terminology use by focusing on the concept of “domestic violence” in the English and Chinese languages and cultures. To extend the Theory of Doors, the interrelatedness of the three descriptive dimensions is demonstrated based on a new metaphorical image of “a revolving door”, and more precisely a “three-wing revolving door”.
{"title":"From “three doors” to “one revolving door”","authors":"Yujing Liu, Xiangqing Wei","doi":"10.1075/term.22013.liu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.22013.liu","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Theory of Doors (Cabré 2003) has been well established in\u0000 the academia of terminology worldwide. Many follow-up terminology studies draw on the analytical framework of this theory, namely the\u0000 linguistic, cognitive, and communicative dimensions of a terminological unit. This theory provides a comprehensive approach to the\u0000 observation of terminology, which helps with the better understanding and description of terminology in real use. With this paradigm, a\u0000 terminological unit can be investigated from any of the three dimensions, or “three doors”. However, the interrelationships among the three\u0000 dimensions have not been further elaborated, which may fail to account for the complexity of actual terminology use, in cross-lingual\u0000 settings particularly. The authors of the present study aim for an extension of the theory to cope with the research on cross-lingual and\u0000 cross-cultural terminology use by focusing on the concept of “domestic violence” in the English and Chinese languages and cultures. To\u0000 extend the Theory of Doors, the interrelatedness of the three descriptive dimensions is demonstrated based on a new\u0000 metaphorical image of “a revolving door”, and more precisely a “three-wing revolving door”.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42763010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Terminological counselling is ad hoc terminology work that provides the terminology user with a relatively quick and credible answer to a terminological question. In this article, we present the Terminological Counselling Service offered by the Terminology Section of the ZRC SAZU Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language since 2013. Through a web form, users submit a question, which is answered by five terminologists in a joint opinion. For this article, all 75 questions received by the Terminological Counselling Service in 2020 were examined. They were analysed in terms of the subject fields in which the users have terminological problems, the institutions the users are affiliated with, and the content of the questions. We believe that the Terminological Counselling Service plays an important role, as the number of users is increasing year by year.
{"title":"Terminological problems of terminology users","authors":"Mojca Žagar Karer, T. Fajfar","doi":"10.1075/term.21046.zag","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21046.zag","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Terminological counselling is ad hoc terminology work that provides the terminology user with a relatively quick\u0000 and credible answer to a terminological question. In this article, we present the Terminological Counselling Service offered by\u0000 the Terminology Section of the ZRC SAZU Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language since 2013. Through a web form, users\u0000 submit a question, which is answered by five terminologists in a joint opinion. For this article, all 75 questions received by the\u0000 Terminological Counselling Service in 2020 were examined. They were analysed in terms of the subject fields in which the users\u0000 have terminological problems, the institutions the users are affiliated with, and the content of the questions. We believe that\u0000 the Terminological Counselling Service plays an important role, as the number of users is increasing year by year.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47562734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The analysis of domain-specific terminology is essential for characterizing specialized discourses, and emerges as a useful means of measuring the thematic hybridity of law and legal translation in particular. This paper accordingly presents a large-scale mapping of terminological and phraseological features in a multi-genre corpus that was built as part of the LETRINT project on institutional legal translation. The corpus-driven analysis focuses on the density of legal terminology and phraseology, on the one hand, and that of terminology of other specialized domains, on the other, in nine genres that are considered representative of three central legal functions (law-making, compliance monitoring and adjudication) in three international settings (the European Union, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization). The comparative examination of density scores provides empirical evidence of the common core features of the selected genres, and reveals variations based on institutional thematic focus, primary legal function and genre specificities. These insights nuance our understanding of international legal discourses and domain specialization in institutional translation.
{"title":"Terminological hybridity in institutional legal translation","authors":"F. Prieto Ramos, Giorgina Cerutti","doi":"10.1075/term.21047.pri","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21047.pri","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The analysis of domain-specific terminology is essential for characterizing specialized discourses, and emerges as\u0000 a useful means of measuring the thematic hybridity of law and legal translation in particular. This paper accordingly presents a\u0000 large-scale mapping of terminological and phraseological features in a multi-genre corpus that was built as part of the LETRINT\u0000 project on institutional legal translation. The corpus-driven analysis focuses on the density of legal terminology and\u0000 phraseology, on the one hand, and that of terminology of other specialized domains, on the other, in nine genres that are\u0000 considered representative of three central legal functions (law-making, compliance monitoring and adjudication) in three\u0000 international settings (the European Union, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization). The comparative examination of\u0000 density scores provides empirical evidence of the common core features of the selected genres, and reveals variations based on\u0000 institutional thematic focus, primary legal function and genre specificities. These insights nuance our understanding of\u0000 international legal discourses and domain specialization in institutional translation.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44792301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the last decades, the study of phraseology within general and specialized lexicographic resources has been of interest to scholars. However, phraseology has not been studied in language for specific purposes (LSP) as much as in language for general purposes (LGP). Therefore, this study (i) offers an overview of the definitions regarding LSP phraseology, (ii) provides a series of linguistic analyses of specialized phraseological units (SPUs) extracted from a specialized bilingual dictionary, and (iii) draws a comparative line between LGP and LSP phraseology. To do so, 11,086 entries were extracted to build the analysis database. This study provides 1,054 morphosyntactic and 4,369 semantic patterns, a definition and a taxonomy of SPUs based on the data analysis and revision of LGP phraseology notions, and a hybrid lexicographic indexation method for SPUs. The contributions of this paper answer the question ‘what is a SPU?’; while highlighting similarities and differences with LGP phraseology.
{"title":"‘Arm’s length’ phraseology?","authors":"José Luis Rojas Díaz","doi":"10.1075/term.21028.roj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.21028.roj","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In the last decades, the study of phraseology within general and specialized lexicographic resources has been of interest to scholars. However, phraseology has not been studied in language for specific purposes (LSP) as much as in language for general purposes (LGP). Therefore, this study (i) offers an overview of the definitions regarding LSP phraseology, (ii) provides a series of linguistic analyses of specialized phraseological units (SPUs) extracted from a specialized bilingual dictionary, and (iii) draws a comparative line between LGP and LSP phraseology. To do so, 11,086 entries were extracted to build the analysis database. This study provides 1,054 morphosyntactic and 4,369 semantic patterns, a definition and a taxonomy of SPUs based on the data analysis and revision of LGP phraseology notions, and a hybrid lexicographic indexation method for SPUs. The contributions of this paper answer the question ‘what is a SPU?’; while highlighting similarities and differences with LGP phraseology.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48634736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we propose the first method for automatic Vietnamese medical term discovery and extraction from clinical texts. The method combines linguistic filtering based on our defined open patterns with nested term extraction and statistical ranking using C-value. It does not require annotated corpora, external data resources, parameter settings, or term length restriction. Beside its specialty in handling Vietnamese medical terms, another novelty is that it uses Pointwise Mutual Information to split nested terms and the disjunctive acceptance condition to extract them. Evaluated on real Vietnamese electronic medical records, it achieves a precision of about 74% and recall of about 92% and is proved stably effective with small datasets. It outperforms the previous works in the same category of not using annotated corpora and external data resources. Our method and empirical evaluation analysis can lay a foundation for further research and development in Vietnamese medical term discovery and extraction.
{"title":"Automatic medical term extraction from Vietnamese clinical texts","authors":"C. Vo, T. Cao, Ngoc Truong, T. Ngo, Dai Bui","doi":"10.1075/term.20037.vo","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.20037.vo","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, we propose the first method for automatic Vietnamese medical term discovery and extraction from\u0000 clinical texts. The method combines linguistic filtering based on our defined open patterns with nested term extraction and\u0000 statistical ranking using C-value. It does not require annotated corpora, external data resources, parameter\u0000 settings, or term length restriction. Beside its specialty in handling Vietnamese medical terms, another novelty is that it uses\u0000 Pointwise Mutual Information to split nested terms and the disjunctive acceptance condition to extract them. Evaluated on real\u0000 Vietnamese electronic medical records, it achieves a precision of about 74% and recall of about 92% and is proved stably effective\u0000 with small datasets. It outperforms the previous works in the same category of not using annotated corpora and external data\u0000 resources. Our method and empirical evaluation analysis can lay a foundation for further research and development in Vietnamese\u0000 medical term discovery and extraction.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49564308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the study is to explore interlingual terminological asymmetry from the cognitive-onomasiological standpoints. False synonymy of adjectives in anatomical terminology of Latin, Ukrainian, Russian, and English have been analyzed and interpreted as factors causing interlingual terminological asymmetry. In Latin anatomical terminology, there is a significant number of nominative units with similar meanings. They often have one equivalent in other (modern) languages or can be simply confused as a result of misunderstanding. It creates difficulties in the process of interlingual terminological communication. Despite the substrate nature of the Latin anatomical terminology, national terminological systems undergo different types of correlations in their functioning. The author assumes such correlations are related to the concepts of “terminological asymmetry” (lack of interlingual interchangeability of terms) and “quasi-synonymous effect” (the loss of cognitive-differential function of the term). Attention is also paid to the preparation of a theoretical basis for creating a special thesaurus to help speakers of Ukrainian study medical terminology in Latin and English.
{"title":"Interlingual terminological asymmetry as one of the aspects of studying foreign languages","authors":"Tetyana Karlova","doi":"10.1075/term.00065.kar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/term.00065.kar","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The purpose of the study is to explore interlingual terminological asymmetry from the cognitive-onomasiological standpoints. False synonymy of adjectives in anatomical terminology of Latin, Ukrainian, Russian, and English have been analyzed and interpreted as factors causing interlingual terminological asymmetry.\u0000In Latin anatomical terminology, there is a significant number of nominative units with similar meanings. They often have one equivalent in other (modern) languages or can be simply confused as a result of misunderstanding. It creates difficulties in the process of interlingual terminological communication. Despite the substrate nature of the Latin anatomical terminology, national terminological systems undergo different types of correlations in their functioning. The author assumes such correlations are related to the concepts of “terminological asymmetry” (lack of interlingual interchangeability of terms) and “quasi-synonymous effect” (the loss of cognitive-differential function of the term).\u0000Attention is also paid to the preparation of a theoretical basis for creating a special thesaurus to help speakers of Ukrainian study medical terminology in Latin and English.","PeriodicalId":44429,"journal":{"name":"Terminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47792480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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