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Ruh dalam Perspektif al-Qur’an dan Sains Moderen 古兰经和现代科学的观点
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.30762/universum.v9i2.90
Zaenatul Hakamah
The development of interpretation method and its approach have given place for academician to discuss about soul through scientific approach. It raises debate which has not been finished yet. In one side, there is a claim that this approach results inappropriate interpretation of Al-Qur’an. However, in other side, this approach can result contextual meaning of Al-Qur’an. Soul, the mysterious thing in life, can be used to be an object of research in science. Therefore, the research on the interpretation of Al-Qur’an through scientific approach results the definition of soul and the detection of its place which can be explained through scientific research.  Keywords: Soul, interpretation of knowledge, scientific perspective
解释方法及其途径的发展,为学者们从科学的角度探讨灵魂问题提供了空间。这引发了一场尚未结束的辩论。一方面,有人声称这种方法会导致对古兰经的不恰当解释。然而,在另一方面,这种方法可以导致古兰经的上下文意义。灵魂,生命中神秘的东西,可以作为科学研究的对象。因此,用科学的方法对《古兰经》的解释进行研究,其结果是对灵魂的定义和灵魂位置的探测,这些都可以通过科学的研究来解释。关键词:灵魂,知识解读,科学视角
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引用次数: 3
KONFLIK KEWENANGAN ANTARA PENGADILAN NEGERI DAN PENGADILAN AGAMA DALAM MENANGAI PERKARA SENGKETA WARIS ORANG ISLAM 初审法院和宗教法庭之间关于伊斯兰继承人问题的权力斗争
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.30762/UNIVERSUM.V9I2.84
Ilham Thohari
This article aims at discussing about a lawsuit of authority between a state court and a religion court related to authorities to receive, investigate, and decide a lawsuit of heir among Muslim. In this article, it is explained that receiving, investigating, and deciding a lawsuit of heir among Muslim are not absolutely the authorities of the religion court, but the state court also has these authorities. It is based on (1) The Law number 2, 1986 jo Stbl . 1937 number 116, the article 50 which states that the state court has duty and authority to investigate, decide, and solve criminal and civil cases in the first level, and (2) the explanation of The Law number 3, 2006, article 49 about the religion court which states that the meaning of among Muslim is included people or companies which voluntarily follow Islamic law. Therefore, it can be conclude that the religion court has authorities to receive, investigate, and decide a lawsuit of heir among Muslim if they voluntarily follow the Islamic law, and the state court has authorities to receive, investigate, and decide a lawsuit of heir among Muslim if they do not voluntarily follow the Islamic law. Keywords: Konflik Kewenangan, Pengadilan Negeri, Pengadilan Agama, Perkara Sengketa Waris Orang Islam
本文旨在探讨国家法院与宗教法院之间有关受理、调查、判决穆斯林继承人诉讼的权力诉讼问题。本文阐述了受理、调查和裁决穆斯林继承人诉讼并非宗教法院的绝对权力,而州法院也具有这些权力。它是基于(1)1986年第2号法律。1937年第116号,第50条,其中规定国家法院有责任和权力调查,决定和解决第一级的刑事和民事案件,以及(2)对2006年第3号法律的解释,第49条关于宗教法院,其中规定穆斯林的含义包括自愿遵守伊斯兰法律的个人或公司。因此,可以得出结论,宗教法院对自愿遵守伊斯兰教法的穆斯林继承人的诉讼具有受理、调查和判决的权力,而国家法院对非自愿遵守伊斯兰教法的穆斯林继承人的诉讼具有受理、调查和判决的权力。关键词:Konflik Kewenangan, Pengadilan Negeri, Pengadilan Agama, Perkara Sengketa Waris Orang Islam
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引用次数: 2
PLURALISME AGAMA DALAM BUDDHISME
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.30762/UNIVERSUM.V9I2.88
M. Maufur
In Indonesia, religious pluralism remains a heated debate in Indonesia where pros and cons are dominated by whether it is compatible with Islam or not. There is still less discussion in regard with other religions. This paper attempts to explain the concept of religious pluralism in Buddhism, focusing on the fundamental issues such as truth claim, relation with other religions, as well as religious dialogue. It found out that Buddhism suggests a moderate way of religious pluralism which is based on “critical-tolerance”. It also accepts that all other religions are true but are not the right paths toward enlightment. Keywords: Buddhism, religious pluralism, critical tolerance
在印度尼西亚,宗教多元化仍然是一个激烈的争论,在印度尼西亚,是否与伊斯兰教兼容是赞成和反对的主要问题。关于其他宗教的讨论就更少了。本文试图从佛教的真理主张、与其他宗教的关系、宗教对话等基本问题来阐释佛教的宗教多元主义理念。研究发现,佛教倡导的是一种以“批判-宽容”为基础的温和的宗教多元主义道路。它也接受所有其他宗教都是正确的,但不是通往启蒙的正确道路。关键词:佛教,宗教多元化,批判宽容
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引用次数: 0
Значение административно-правовых режимов в системе обеспечения национальной безопасности китайской Народной Республики 中华人民共和国国家安全保障制度中的行政和法律制度意义
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7256/2306-4218.2013.3.8915
Манцуров Александр Юрьевич
В статье на основе анализа нормативных правовых актов показано значение административно-правовых режимов в системе обеспечения национальной безопасности Китайской Народной Республики. Особое внимание уделяется возможностям использования положительного опыта Китая для совершенствования законодательства России в рассматриваемой сфере.
这篇文章基于对监管法案的分析,显示了中华人民共和国国家安全系统中的行政和法律制度的重要性。特别关注中国利用积极经验改进俄罗斯法律的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Нутритивный статус пациентов с детским церебральным параличом и сопутствующей белково-энергетической недостаточностью 儿童脑瘫和伴随的蛋白质能量不足的内在状态
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36711/2686-7656-2020-2-1-13-36
Токарчук Надежда Ивановна, Чигирь Ирина Викторовна
The article presents the results of clinical and laboratory studies of 60 toddler with protein-energy malnutrition. We estimated that level of cortisol in toddler depends on the degree of protein-energy malnutrition.
本文介绍了60例患有蛋白质能量营养不良的幼儿的临床和实验室研究结果。我们估计幼儿的皮质醇水平取决于蛋白质-能量营养不良的程度。
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引用次数: 1
Смысл и трансгрессия (смыслообразование как трансгрессивный феномен) 意义和幻灭(形容词作为幻灭现象)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.10.10415
Фаритов Вячеслав Тависович
This article examines the role and place of the phenomenon of transgression in the formation of meaning. The author identifies pure transgression (chaos) as a precondition for the constitution of meaning. Transgression as the intersection of diverse areas of language and thought is a direct ontological foundation of educational sense. Transgression already established meanings (discourses) serves as a mechanism for generating new meanings.
本文探讨了越界现象在意义形成中的作用和地位。作者认为纯粹的越界(混沌)是意义构成的先决条件。越界作为语言和思想各领域的交叉点,是教育意义的直接本体论基础。违背已经确立的意义(话语)是产生新意义的机制。
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引用次数: 0
MANAJEMEN LIKUIDITAS BANK SYARI’AH (Upaya Peningkatan Good Corporate Governance) 叙利亚银行流动性管理。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30762/universum.v9i1.71
Sulistyowati Sulistyowati
Both of conventional and syari’ah bank have an obligation to reassure the customers that the money they save is secured. Thus, in order to provide security to the customers, the bank should have a liquidity management which forces the bank to meet the current or the future obligation in the event of withdrawal or redemption of liability asset. So it is able to meet its obligations, particularly a short term fund obligation. From the point of asset, liquidity is an ability to change the entire assets into cash. While liability is an ability to meet the financing need through an increase in a portfolio liability. There are some liquidity instruments that can be run by the syari’ah bank in order to meet its obligation, namely: the first is the Statuary Reserve Requirement (SRR). It is a minimum deposit of a commercial bank in a current account as has been stipulated by Bank Indonesia based on a certain percentage of the third party fund; the second is the so called cliring which is understood as an activity which has been going since the time of a transactional agreement to a completion of such agreement (an agreement between financial institution regarding with a payable account in a financial transaction). In order to improve the management of the bank’s fund, namely the advantage and disadvantage of the fund management, it needs the Inter-Bank Money Market. Based on the principles of syari’ah and to manage the advantage and disadvantage of the fund efficiently, it is necessarily in need of the Inter-Bank Money Market which uses the mudharabah investment for inter-bank; the third is the instrument of the wadi’ah certificate of Bank Indonesia which can be used as a means of deposit short-term fund, especially for those that have an excess of liquidity; and the fourth is the syari’ah capital market which has relationship with the offering and trading of the stock exchange, the public companies related to the issuance of the stock exchange, and the institution and profession of the stock exchange in accordance with the syari’ah principles. Keywords : Likuiditas, Manajemen Likuiditas, Instrumen Likuiditas
传统银行和伊斯兰银行都有义务向客户保证他们的存款是安全的。因此,为了向客户提供安全保障,银行应该有一个流动性管理,迫使银行在提取或赎回负债资产的情况下履行当前或未来的义务。因此,它能够履行其义务,特别是短期资金义务。从资产的角度来看,流动性是将整个资产变为现金的能力。而负债是一种通过增加投资组合来满足融资需求的能力。伊斯兰银行可以使用一些流动性工具来履行其义务,即:第一种是法定准备金要求(SRR)。它是商业银行在往来账户中的最低存款,由印度尼西亚银行规定,基于第三方资金的一定百分比;第二种是所谓的催收,它被理解为一种活动,从交易协议的时间开始一直持续到该协议的完成(金融机构之间关于金融交易中应付账款的协议)。为了改善银行的资金管理,即资金管理的优势和劣势,需要银行间货币市场。基于伊斯兰教的原则,为了有效地管理资金的优势和劣势,银行间货币市场必然需要利用mudharabah投资进行银行间交易;第三种是印尼银行的wadi 'ah证书,它可以作为短期资金的存款工具,特别是对于那些流动性过剩的企业;第四是伊斯兰资本市场,它与证券交易所的发行和交易,与证券交易所发行相关的上市公司,以及证券交易所按照伊斯兰原则的机构和职业有关。关键词:利库德集团;利库德集团;利库德集团
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引用次数: 1
MEMAHAMI MAKNA HILAL MENURUT TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN DAN SAINS 根据可兰经和科学的解释理解希拉尔的意思
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30762/UNIVERSUM.V9I1.78
Qomarus Zaman
Interpretation of surah Al-Baqarah verse 189 which uses a method of transmission saying that the verse would describe the times predetermined by God to mankind in serve him well to explain when fasting, and pilgrimage feast. Similarly, the new moon will also indicate the prescribed period for women. Narrated by Bisyri bin Mu'adh said that Qatada once said: The Prophet Muhammad was asked one day by his people will paragraph يسألونك عن الأهلة قل هي مواقيت للناس at the time of the new moon has not yet appeared? Then the Prophet said to them; Then the Prophet said to them; Allah have it appear as what ever you know. هي مواقيت للناس therefore to bring it up then he is as a sign on the start of fasting for the Muslims and for Iftar (feast) and indicates the time for those with the arrival of the rituals of Hajj and to determine the future iddahnya women. Hilal is a sign or marker clue is a unity of time and timing system consisting of day, month and year. This has been the form of a calendar (almanac, Taqwim ) used easily for the benefit of mankind in the implementation of fasting, pilgrimage, prayer time, the determination of the prescribed period and other mualamah agreement. In view of modern astronomy as Danjon, the new moon will be visible if the position of the moon within a minimum of 8 degrees in addition to the sun (the moon's crescent cauld rot be seen closer to the sun for elongation less that 80). This opinion was never confirmed by Muammer Dizer the International Islamic Conference in Istanbul Turkey in 1978, according to research that has been accepted by international astronomers declared that the moon looks at the position of the sun distance (angle of azimut) 80 and the position of elevation above the horizon of 50. He stated it is impossible if there is a majority opinion expressed in the following 50 positions height above the horizon can be seen with the eye. While MABIMS including Indonesia make imkan al-rukyat criteria states that the size of the moon positions can be seen at a height of 20, 30 the azimut distance elongation angle and distance when ijtimak and sunset time of 8 hours (kiteria to 20, 30 and 8 hours). MABIMS criteria is lower than the criterion Istanbul. This last criterion used Malaysia Singapore and Brunei, while Indonesia is still no difference and there is no agreement on these criteria. Keywords; Hilal, Masa Iddah, Taqwim , Imkan al-rukyat
对巴卡拉章第189节的解释使用了一种传递的方法,说这节经文描述了上帝给人类预定的时间,这对他解释斋戒和朝圣盛宴很有帮助。同样,新月也预示着女性的经期。比西里·本·穆阿德叙述说,卡塔达曾经说过:先知穆罕默德有一天被他的族人问会不会有段يسألونك عن الأهلة هي مواقيت للناس新月的时候还没有出现?于是先知对他们说:于是先知对他们说:安拉让它像你所知道的那样出现。هي مواقيت للناس因此,把它提出来,然后他作为一个标志,开始为穆斯林和开斋(盛宴)的禁食,并指出时间为那些与朝觐仪式的到来,并决定未来的伊达尼亚妇女。希拉勒是一种符号或标记,线索是由日、月、年组成的统一的时间和计时系统。这是一种历法(almanac, Taqwim)的形式,便于人类在执行斋戒、朝圣、祈祷时间、确定规定时期和其他穆阿拉玛协议时使用。在现代天文学中,如果月亮的位置除了太阳至少在8度以内,新月就会被看到(月亮的新月不能被看到,因为它的延伸小于80)。这一观点从未得到Muammer Dizer的证实,1978年在土耳其伊斯坦布尔举行的国际伊斯兰会议上,根据已被国际天文学家接受的研究宣布,月球看太阳的位置距离(方位角)为80,高度高于地平线的位置为50。他表示,如果在以下50个位置中有多数人表达意见,则不可能用眼睛看到地平线以上的高度。而包括印尼在内的MABIMS制定的imkan al-rukyat标准则指出,月球的大小位置可以在高度20,30的方位角距离和距离上看到,当日全食和日落时间为8小时(标准为20,30和8小时)。MABIMS标准低于伊斯坦布尔标准。最后一个标准使用了马来西亚、新加坡和文莱,而印度尼西亚仍然没有区别,在这些标准上没有达成一致。关键字;希拉尔,马萨·伊达,塔克温,伊姆坎·鲁卡特
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引用次数: 0
ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ ПОДРОСТКОВ И ВОСПИТАТЕЛЬНАЯ РОЛЬ БИОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО МЕТОДА В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46916/31032021-3-978-5-00174-181-7
Смелкова Татьяна Дмитриевна
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引用次数: 0
Проблема адаптации молодого специалиста в различных сферах профессиональной деятельности 年轻人适应不同专业领域的问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2018.1.24214
Камкова Ольга Викторовна
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Revista Universum
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