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Transmedicalism and ‘trans enough’
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1558/genl.20230
Lex Konnelly
While gender dysphoria is a real and acute distress for many transgender people, it is not universal, and it is experienced and oriented to in a myriad of ways. However, its status as a prerequisite for gender-affirming care can lead trans people to feel compelled to amplify its salience in pursuit of medical support. Through a critical discourse analysis of nonbinary healthcare narratives, this article traces the relationship between linguistic practices in these care interactions and the gender and sexual logics of the transmedicalist model of trans-gender care. Individuals’ descriptions of dysphoria in the consultation room are not straightforward accounts of assimilation to transmedicalist expectations. Rather, when read from a trans linguistic perspective attentive to the biopolitics of transgender healthcare, these become strategies for nonbinary patients to enact their own interventions on a process over which (it may seem) they have minimal control, presenting a critical thirding (as described by Eve Tuck 2009) of a dichotomous view of either transnormativity or resistance.
虽然性别焦虑对许多跨性别者来说是一种真实而严重的痛苦,但它并不是普遍的,它是以无数种方式经历和导向的。然而,它作为性别确认护理的先决条件的地位,可能会导致跨性别者在寻求医疗支持时感到有必要扩大其重要性。通过对非二元医疗叙事的批判性话语分析,本文追溯了这些护理互动中的语言实践与跨性别护理的跨医学主义模式的性别和性逻辑之间的关系。个人在咨询室中对焦虑症的描述并不是对跨医学期望的直接同化。相反,当从关注跨性别医疗保健的生物政治的跨语言角度来解读时,这些成为非二元患者在一个他们(似乎)几乎无法控制的过程中实施自己干预的策略,呈现出跨规范性或抵抗的二分观点的关键三分之一(如Eve Tuck 2009所描述的)。
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引用次数: 0
Virtual Activism: Sexuality, the Internet, and a Social Movement in Singapore Robert Phillips 虚拟激进主义:性、互联网和新加坡的一场社会运动
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1558/genl.22459
Christian Go
Virtual Activism: Sexuality, the Internet, and a Social Movement in Singapore Robert Phillips (2020) University of Toronto Press, 180 pp.
《虚拟激进主义:性、互联网和新加坡的社会运动》Robert Phillips(2020),多伦多大学出版社,180页。
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引用次数: 0
Politics, pronouns and the players 政治,代词和玩家
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1558/genl.20250
Frazer Heritage
Despite being released in 2004, the online videogame World of Warcraft (WoW) introduced its first transgender character only in 2020. This article examines how players responded to this new character, named Pelagos, analysing how many players were for/against the inclusion of Pelagos, how these views were constructed and how players interact with each other. Data from official WoW fora demonstrate a surprising backlash against transphobia and overwhelming support for the inclusion of a transgender character. Those who were against the inclusion of Pelagos framed their arguments in terms of objections to political correctness, arguing that gaming should remain politically neutral. By contrast, those in favour of including Pelagos argued that videogames are political by nature. Further, examination of pronouns revealed that Pelagos is very rarely misgendered. Such a positive response has implications for research into Critical Discourse Studies and for videogame companies.
尽管在线电子游戏《魔兽世界》于2004年发布,但直到2020年才推出了第一个跨性别角色。本文将分析玩家对这个名为Pelagos的新角色的反应,分析有多少玩家支持/反对加入Pelagos,这些观点是如何构建的,以及玩家之间是如何互动的。来自《魔兽世界》官方论坛的数据显示,人们对跨性别恐惧症的强烈反对和对加入跨性别角色的压倒性支持令人惊讶。那些反对将Pelagos纳入其中的人从反对政治正确的角度来阐述他们的观点,认为游戏应该保持政治中立。相比之下,那些支持包括Pelagos的人认为电子游戏本质上是政治性的。此外,对代词的研究表明,佩拉戈斯很少出现性别错误。这种积极的反应对批评性话语研究和电子游戏公司的研究具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 2
Language and gender in North Africa 北非的语言和性别
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1558/genl.21526
Fatima Sadiqi
This essay investigates and contextualises the emergence and evolution of the discipline of ‘Language and Gender’ in North Africa in an attempt to remedy the underrepresentation of this region in scholarship. I ground this essay in my experiences with Language and Gender in Morocco and the International Gender and Language Association (IGALA), both of which were central in shaping my academic journey. The pre- and post-Uprisings periods surrounding what is often discussed as the ‘Arab Spring’ in the early 2010s carried serious consequences for the emergence of Language and Gender as a discipline. These moments and my involvement in them were deeply impacted by specific historical, sociopolitical and intellectual dimensions, most saliently the women’s movement and the discipline of linguistics. My essay draws on these experiences to advocate for the importance of decolonising the international language and gender canon with North African perspectives that move beyond English and the Global North.
本文对“语言与性别”学科在北非的出现和发展进行了调查和背景分析,试图弥补该地区在学术界代表性不足的问题。我以我在摩洛哥的语言与性别以及国际性别与语言协会(IGALA)的经历为基础撰写了这篇文章,这两个组织都是我学术生涯的核心。2010年代初,起义前后的时期通常被称为“阿拉伯之春”,这对语言和性别作为一门学科的出现产生了严重影响。这些时刻以及我对它们的参与深受特定历史、社会政治和智力层面的影响,最突出的是妇女运动和语言学学科。我的文章借鉴了这些经验,以超越英语和全球北方的北非视角,倡导国际语言和性别规范非殖民化的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
Intersections of class, race and place 阶级、种族和地域的交集
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1558/genl.21524
Pia Pichler
This essay presents an analysis of place references in the spontaneous talk of young Londoners from a range of socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds. These place references function as ‘cultural concepts’ (Silverstein 2004) which index multilayered meanings well beyond their denotations, constituting important resources for speakers’ local and supralocal positionings. The essay argues that ‘place’ is an important filter for our experience of language, gender and sexuality and provides scholars with a valuable point of departure for explorations of intersectional identities.
本文分析了来自不同社会经济和种族背景的年轻伦敦人自发谈话中的地点参考。这些地方参考的功能是“文化概念”(Silverstein 2004),它索引了远远超出其外延的多层含义,构成了说话者的地方和超地方定位的重要资源。这篇文章认为,“地点”是我们对语言、性别和性体验的重要过滤器,并为学者们探索交叉身份提供了一个有价值的出发点。
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引用次数: 1
Untranslatable wounds 无法愈合的伤口
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1558/genl.21521
Maria Viteri
A good starting point for revisiting the intersections of language, gender and sexuality is to acknowledge and understand how colonial wounds and legacies play out in our everyday lives. This essay critically addresses the multiple ways in which we are all marked in one way or another by our colonial relations and their intersections. A careful unpacking of mechanisms and linkages is critical for identifying strategies and tactics of struggle that might lead to more equitable present-days characterised by esperanza (hope). Yet a desire to decolonise language and language practices without recognising the lived experience of our own messy and colonial entanglements will never be enough to resignify the systems that hold racial, ethnic, gender, sexual and linguistic inequalities in place. This essay highlights the acts of desbordar (undoing/overflowing), trasto-car (queering) and resentir (feeling again) as alternative strategies that can be used to fracture the architectures of colonialism, starting with our own.
重新审视语言、性别和性的交叉点的一个好的起点是承认和理解殖民创伤和遗产是如何在我们的日常生活中产生的。这篇文章批判性地论述了我们的殖民关系及其交叉点以某种方式标记我们的多种方式。仔细分析机制和联系对于确定可能导致以esperanza(希望)为特征的更公平的今天的斗争战略和战术至关重要。然而,在不承认我们自己混乱和殖民纠葛的生活经历的情况下,将语言和语言实践非殖民化的愿望永远不足以改变种族、族裔、性别、性和语言不平等的制度。这篇文章强调了desbordar(解开/溢出)、trasto-car(扭动)和resetir(再次感受)的行为,作为可以用来打破殖民主义建筑的替代策略,从我们自己的开始。
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引用次数: 1
How does water talk, and other hopeful questions about and beyond gender and language 水是如何说话的,以及其他关于性别和语言之外的充满希望的问题
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1558/genl.21520
B. McElhinny
The inaugural issue of Gender and Language focused on unanswered questions and unquestioned assumptions. This essay revisits these questions, thinking about next steps not only for the field, but also for the larger feminist, anti-racist, anticolonial world our work aims to build. In particular, I consider two questions with impacts for thinking about how to deepen the political impact of our own work, in the realms of social and environmental justice. First, how can we ensure the kind of work we are publishing in this journal has an impact beyond university conversations? Second, have we gone far enough, as a field, in reconsidering not just questions of gender and of language, but also of what we imagine as persons?
《性别与语言》的创刊号聚焦于未解决的问题和毋庸置疑的假设。这篇文章重新审视了这些问题,不仅为这个领域,而且为我们的工作旨在建立的更大的女权主义、反种族主义、反殖民主义世界,思考下一步的步骤。特别是,我考虑了两个具有影响的问题,以思考如何深化我们自己的工作在社会和环境正义领域的政治影响。首先,我们如何确保我们在这本杂志上发表的研究成果对大学对话之外的领域产生影响?第二,作为一个领域,我们是否已经走得足够远,不仅重新思考性别和语言的问题,还重新思考我们作为人的想象?
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引用次数: 0
‘A pair of buttocks’ that everybody hates 一双人人都讨厌的屁股
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1558/genl.21522
Busi Makoni
This article explores radical rudeness, a resistance strategy of deliberate rudeness to disrupt normative structures. Using the Uganda activist Dr Stella Nyanzi as a case study, I examine how women experiencing extreme structural marginalisation and systemic violence use radical rudeness in a nonlinguistic form (defiant disrobing) to speak back to power. Drawing from Black feminist theories of rage, I argue that radical rudeness is an instance of rage, not as a pernicious emotion, but as a legitimate strategy against patriarchy and dictatorial authoritarianism. I argue that Dr Stella Nyanzi’s naked protest utilises three intersecting forms of power – biopower, symbolic power and cosmological power – to resist the authoritarian Ugandan regime, turning her naked body into a powerful weapon of resistance.
这篇文章探讨了激进的粗鲁,一种蓄意粗鲁以破坏规范结构的抵抗策略。我以乌干达活动家Stella Nyanzi博士为案例研究,研究了经历极端结构性边缘化和系统性暴力的女性如何以非语言形式使用激进的粗鲁(挑衅的脱衣服)来反击权力。根据黑人女权主义的愤怒理论,我认为激进的粗鲁是愤怒的一个例子,不是一种有害的情绪,而是一种反对父权制和独裁威权主义的合法策略。我认为,Stella Nyanzi博士的裸体抗议利用了三种交叉的权力形式——生物权力、象征性权力和宇宙学权力——来抵抗乌干达独裁政权,将她的裸体变成了强大的抵抗武器。
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引用次数: 4
Say my name 呼唤我的名字
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1558/genl.21523
S. Lanehart
This essay is a call out and a roll call of Black women scholars – Black Feminists, Critical Race Theorists, Intersectionality Theorists and co-conspirators – doing the work of the elder women and ancestors whose shoulders we stand on. I frame the research on African American Women’s Language around Hull, Bell-Scott and Smith’s (1982) seminal book All the Women Are White, All the Blacks Are Men, But Some of Us Are Brave to shout out not only how language and linguistics researchers got it twisted and need to reckon with truth and say my (language’s) name: African American Women’s Language. And put some respeck on it while you’re at it.
这篇文章是黑人女性学者——黑人女权主义者、批判性种族理论家、跨学科理论家和同谋者——的一次呼吁和点名,他们为我们所站在他们肩膀上的年长女性和祖先所做的工作,所有的黑人都是男人,但我们中的一些人不仅勇敢地喊出语言和语言学研究人员是如何扭曲它的,而且需要考虑到真相,说出我(语言)的名字:非裔美国女性语言。当你在做的时候,给它重新检查一下。
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引用次数: 0
Thirty-year retrospective on language, gender and sexuality research 回顾三十年的语言、性别和性研究
IF 1.3 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1558/genl.21540
Kira Hall,Rodrigo Borba,Mie Hiramoto
This thirty-year retrospective on language, gender and sexuality research, launched in anticipation of the thirtieth anniversary of the 1992 Berkeley Women and Language Conference, showcases essays by luminaries who presented papers at the conference as well as allied scholars who have taken the field in new directions. Revitalising a tradition set out by the First Berkeley Women and Language Conference in 1985, the four biennial Berkeley conferences held in the 1990s led to the establishment of the International Gender and Language Association and subsequently of the journal Gender and Language, contributing to the field’s institutionalisation and its current panglobal character. Retrospective essays addressing the themes of Politics, Practice, Intersectionality and Place will be published across four issues of the journal in 2021. The final issue of our thirty-year retrospective shows how studies of language, gender and sexuality may be enlivened by seriously engaging with the notion of place – understood as one’s geographical location, locus of enunciation and/or position within the field. Bonnie S. McElhinny and María Amelia Viteri scrutinise lingering effects of colonialism and advocate for hope as a central affective dimension of decolonial practice. Drawing upon Black feminisms, Busi Makoni discusses the embodiment of refusal to racialised forms of patriarchy and Sonja L. Lanehart underlines the importance of bringing African American Women’s Language more centrally into the field’s remit. The next three essays move their foci to specific regions: Pia Pichler reflects on the entanglement of place, race and intersectionality in the UK; Janet S. Shibamoto-Smith warns against the dangers of reifying essentialised categories in Japanese language and gender research; Fatima Sadiqi criticises the underrepresentation of North Africa in the field by reviewing the emergence and resilience of feminist linguistics in the region. The two final essays highlight the importance of sociolinguistic activism and the urgent need of moving beyond the field’s Global North emphasis. Amiena Peck discusses the power of digital activism and the way it has reignited her passion for engaged scholarship. Ana Cristina Ostermann advocates for micro-interactional analysis as a method for illuminating Southern epistemologies of gender and sexuality. The theme series also pays tribute to significant scholars present at the 1992 Berkeley conference who are no longer with us; in this issue, Rusty Barrett and Robin Queen offer a lively account of the life and work of linguist and novelist Anna Livia.
这本关于语言、性别和性研究的三十年回顾,是在1992年伯克利妇女与语言会议三十周年之际推出的,它展示了在会议上发表论文的杰出人物以及将该领域推向新方向的联合学者的论文。复兴了1985年第一届伯克利妇女与语言会议确立的传统,在20世纪90年代举行的四次两年一度的伯克利会议促成了国际性别与语言协会的成立,随后又促成了《性别与语言》杂志的出版,为该领域的制度化和目前的泛全球特征做出了贡献。关于政治、实践、交叉性和地点主题的回顾性论文将在2021年的四期杂志上发表。我们三十年回顾的最后一期展示了语言、性别和性的研究如何通过认真地参与地方的概念而活跃起来——被理解为一个人的地理位置、表达的地点和/或领域内的位置。Bonnie S. McElhinny和María Amelia Viteri仔细研究了殖民主义的挥之不去的影响,并提倡将希望作为非殖民实践的核心情感维度。利用黑人女权主义,Busi Makoni讨论了拒绝父权制的种族化形式的体现,Sonja L. Lanehart强调了将非裔美国女性语言更集中到该领域的重要性。接下来的三篇文章将他们的焦点转移到特定的地区:皮娅·皮切勒反思了英国的地方、种族和交叉性的纠缠;Janet S. Shibamoto-Smith对日本语言和性别研究中物化本质类别的危险提出了警告;Fatima Sadiqi通过回顾女权主义语言学在该地区的出现和恢复力,批评北非在该领域的代表性不足。最后的两篇文章强调了社会语言学行动主义的重要性,以及超越该领域的全球北方重点的迫切需要。Amiena Peck讨论了数字行动主义的力量,以及它如何重新点燃了她对从事学术研究的热情。安娜·克里斯蒂娜·奥斯特曼提倡微观互动分析作为一种方法来阐明南方的性别和性的认识论。这个主题系列还向出席1992年伯克利会议的重要学者致敬,他们已经不在我们身边;在本期节目中,拉什蒂·巴雷特和罗宾·奎恩生动地讲述了语言学家和小说家安娜·利维娅的生活和工作。
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Gender and Language
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