Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1557/s43581-024-00082-6
Mihrimah Ozkan
Abstract Two emerging materials, MXenes and MBenes, have garnered significant attention as promising candidates for CCS applications. Both materials possess unique properties that make them well-suited for CO_2 adsorption, such as high surface area, porosity, and tunable chemical functionality. This perspective article presents a comparative evaluation of MXenes and MBenes for CO_2 capture, leveraging advanced computational simulations and experimental data to elucidate their respective adsorption capacities, kinetic performance, and stability. The simulations reveal that both materials exhibit superior CO_2 adsorption performance compared to conventional CCS materials, with MXenes demonstrating a slight edge in adsorption capacity and selectivity. Furthermore, the potential of MXenes and MBenes for CCS applications is discussed, including their layer thickness, selective affinity to CO_2, advantages over conventional sorbents, regeneration, stability, and durability. The findings provide valuable insights into the structure–property relationships of MXenes and MBenes in the context of CO_2 capture and shed light on the technology readiness of these materials for specific CCS applications. Finally, this perspective article aims to advance the fundamental understanding of these novel 2D materials for CCS, paving the way for future developments in sustainable CO_2 capture technologies. Graphical abstract Highlights MXenes and MBenes are two-dimensional layered materials with the potential to revolutionize carbon capture and storage (CCS). MXenes have several advantages over other CCS materials, such as greater porosity, higher CO2 adsorption capacity, and easier and less expensive production. MBenes are more stable in humid environments and have higher oxidation resistance and thermal conductivity than MXenes, making them a better choice for CCS applications where the CO2 stream is humid, hot, and/or corrosive. MXenes and MBenes have the potential to make CCS more efficient, cost-effective, and versatile. Discussion Why are MXenes and MBenes ideal for carbon capture applications? In terms of carbon capture efficiency, how do MXenes and MBenes stack up against other materials such as MOFs, zeolites, and activated carbons? Which are better, MXenes or MBenes, for carbon capture? Why do MXenes and MBenes have a selective affinity to CO2 compared to other gases such as N2 and O2? What is the optimal number of layers for MXenes/MBenes for carbon capture, and does interlayer spacing affect performance? What is the best surface termination for CO2 capture? What happens to the CO2 after it is absorbed onto MXene and MBene surfaces, and how can one remove CO2 that has been adsorbed? What are the major challenges, besides scalability, that need to be overcome for these materials to be practical? How durable and stable are MXenes and MBenes?
{"title":"MXenes vs MBenes: Demystifying the materials of tomorrow’s carbon capture revolution","authors":"Mihrimah Ozkan","doi":"10.1557/s43581-024-00082-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-024-00082-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two emerging materials, MXenes and MBenes, have garnered significant attention as promising candidates for CCS applications. Both materials possess unique properties that make them well-suited for CO_2 adsorption, such as high surface area, porosity, and tunable chemical functionality. This perspective article presents a comparative evaluation of MXenes and MBenes for CO_2 capture, leveraging advanced computational simulations and experimental data to elucidate their respective adsorption capacities, kinetic performance, and stability. The simulations reveal that both materials exhibit superior CO_2 adsorption performance compared to conventional CCS materials, with MXenes demonstrating a slight edge in adsorption capacity and selectivity. Furthermore, the potential of MXenes and MBenes for CCS applications is discussed, including their layer thickness, selective affinity to CO_2, advantages over conventional sorbents, regeneration, stability, and durability. The findings provide valuable insights into the structure–property relationships of MXenes and MBenes in the context of CO_2 capture and shed light on the technology readiness of these materials for specific CCS applications. Finally, this perspective article aims to advance the fundamental understanding of these novel 2D materials for CCS, paving the way for future developments in sustainable CO_2 capture technologies. Graphical abstract Highlights MXenes and MBenes are two-dimensional layered materials with the potential to revolutionize carbon capture and storage (CCS). MXenes have several advantages over other CCS materials, such as greater porosity, higher CO2 adsorption capacity, and easier and less expensive production. MBenes are more stable in humid environments and have higher oxidation resistance and thermal conductivity than MXenes, making them a better choice for CCS applications where the CO2 stream is humid, hot, and/or corrosive. MXenes and MBenes have the potential to make CCS more efficient, cost-effective, and versatile. Discussion Why are MXenes and MBenes ideal for carbon capture applications? In terms of carbon capture efficiency, how do MXenes and MBenes stack up against other materials such as MOFs, zeolites, and activated carbons? Which are better, MXenes or MBenes, for carbon capture? Why do MXenes and MBenes have a selective affinity to CO2 compared to other gases such as N2 and O2? What is the optimal number of layers for MXenes/MBenes for carbon capture, and does interlayer spacing affect performance? What is the best surface termination for CO2 capture? What happens to the CO2 after it is absorbed onto MXene and MBene surfaces, and how can one remove CO2 that has been adsorbed? What are the major challenges, besides scalability, that need to be overcome for these materials to be practical? How durable and stable are MXenes and MBenes?","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.1557/s43581-023-00077-9
Anthony Y. Ku, Elizabeth A. Kocs, Yoshiko Fujita, Andrew Z. Haddad, Robert W. IV Gray
Abstract Efforts to reach net zero targets by the second half of the century will have profound materials supply implications. The anticipated scale and speed of the energy transition in both transportation and energy storage raises the question of whether we risk running out of the essential critical materials needed to enable this transition. Early projections suggest that disruptions are likely to occur in the short term for select critical materials, but at the same time these shortages provide a powerful incentive for the market to respond in a variety of ways before supply-level stress becomes dire. In April 2023, the MRS Focus on Sustainability subcommittee sponsored a panel discussion on the role of innovation in materials science and engineering in supporting supply chains for clean energy technologies. Drawing on examples from the panel discussion, this perspective examines the myth of materials scarcity, explains the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and illustrates how the Materials Research Society is facilitating engagement with industry to support materials innovation, now and in the future. Graphical Abstract Highlights In this commentary, we examine the myth of materials scarcity, explain the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and show how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry, policymakers, and funding agencies to drive the needed innovation in critical areas. Discussion Demand for certain materials used in clean energy technologies is forecasted to increase by multiples of current production over the next decades. This has drawn attention to supply chain risks and has created a myth that we will “run out” out of certain materials during the energy transition. The reality is that markets have multiple mechanisms to adapt over the long-term, and near-term shortages or expectations of shortages provide a powerful incentive for action. In this commentary, we highlight different ways materials innovation can help solve these issues in the near term and long term, and how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry and policymakers.
{"title":"Materials scarcity during the clean energy transition: Myths, challenges, and opportunities","authors":"Anthony Y. Ku, Elizabeth A. Kocs, Yoshiko Fujita, Andrew Z. Haddad, Robert W. IV Gray","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00077-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00077-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Efforts to reach net zero targets by the second half of the century will have profound materials supply implications. The anticipated scale and speed of the energy transition in both transportation and energy storage raises the question of whether we risk running out of the essential critical materials needed to enable this transition. Early projections suggest that disruptions are likely to occur in the short term for select critical materials, but at the same time these shortages provide a powerful incentive for the market to respond in a variety of ways before supply-level stress becomes dire. In April 2023, the MRS Focus on Sustainability subcommittee sponsored a panel discussion on the role of innovation in materials science and engineering in supporting supply chains for clean energy technologies. Drawing on examples from the panel discussion, this perspective examines the myth of materials scarcity, explains the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and illustrates how the Materials Research Society is facilitating engagement with industry to support materials innovation, now and in the future. Graphical Abstract Highlights In this commentary, we examine the myth of materials scarcity, explain the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and show how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry, policymakers, and funding agencies to drive the needed innovation in critical areas. Discussion Demand for certain materials used in clean energy technologies is forecasted to increase by multiples of current production over the next decades. This has drawn attention to supply chain risks and has created a myth that we will “run out” out of certain materials during the energy transition. The reality is that markets have multiple mechanisms to adapt over the long-term, and near-term shortages or expectations of shortages provide a powerful incentive for action. In this commentary, we highlight different ways materials innovation can help solve these issues in the near term and long term, and how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry and policymakers.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139525072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-08DOI: 10.1557/s43581-023-00074-y
Ching-Feng Chen, S. K. Chen
Abstract Using Life Cycle Energy Analysis (LCEA), the authors conduct the case study of the global most extensive 181-MWp offshore floating photovoltaic (OFPV) deployment at Taiwan’s Changhua Coastal Industrial Park station on carbon footprint inventory (CFI) by tracking one of the world’s top ten solar cell and module manufacturers with a high-quality management system. The EU initiated the “Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism” (CBAM) 2021 to achieve the 2050 net-zero-carbon emission objective. Land elements challenge Taiwan’s solar energy industry due to its territory scarcity. Installing the OFPV system is attainable after the sector has demonstrated convincing attempts on reservoirs, detention ponds, and sea coasts in the past few years. The results show the project will produce 4529.2 GWh over 25 years and subside approximately 2305.4 kilo-tons (kt) of CO_2 emission. It generates an average of about 496 MWh daily into the grid, accounting for 1.41% of Taiwan’s 35 GWh peak energy generation. Additionally, the investor will achieve approximately US$43.8 million of potential carbon credit. The findings help PV systems’ CFI and decision-makers determine energy infrastructure strategies. Graphical abstract Monthly power generation duration curves Highlights 1. As greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have not reached the promises, many countries addressed ensuring net-zero CO_2 emissions by 2050 to curtail the global temperature rise by 1.5 °C. 2. The EU initiated a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) to impose carbon credit from 2023. 3. Establishing the EU emissions trading systems (ETS) benefits a zero-carbon economy and GHG emissions. 4. The life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) is a practical energy return evaluation for carbon footprint inventory (CFI). 5. Using the CFI of product-product category rules (CFP-PCR) formulated by Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Agency (TEPA), the author performed the global most extensive 181-MWp offshore FPV system at Taiwan’s Changhua Coastal Industrial Park in a 25-year lifespan. Discussion Performing emission mitigation measures results in cost savings through enhanced energy efficiency; establishing ETS to serve carbon credit transactions will bring potential benefits [92]. The CFI is critical for organizations committed to taking proactive steps to address climate change and sustainability, and see-through addressing CFI strengthens stakeholder confidence and association with investors and customers. Taiwan’s land scarcity confines its PV industry development. It is crucial for the authorities to thoroughly investigate and affirm which coastal areas are accessible for erecting FPV to increase clean energy use, as improving the CFI is imperative.
{"title":"Carbon footprint inventory using life cycle energy analysis","authors":"Ching-Feng Chen, S. K. Chen","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00074-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00074-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using Life Cycle Energy Analysis (LCEA), the authors conduct the case study of the global most extensive 181-MWp offshore floating photovoltaic (OFPV) deployment at Taiwan’s Changhua Coastal Industrial Park station on carbon footprint inventory (CFI) by tracking one of the world’s top ten solar cell and module manufacturers with a high-quality management system. The EU initiated the “Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism” (CBAM) 2021 to achieve the 2050 net-zero-carbon emission objective. Land elements challenge Taiwan’s solar energy industry due to its territory scarcity. Installing the OFPV system is attainable after the sector has demonstrated convincing attempts on reservoirs, detention ponds, and sea coasts in the past few years. The results show the project will produce 4529.2 GWh over 25 years and subside approximately 2305.4 kilo-tons (kt) of CO_2 emission. It generates an average of about 496 MWh daily into the grid, accounting for 1.41% of Taiwan’s 35 GWh peak energy generation. Additionally, the investor will achieve approximately US$43.8 million of potential carbon credit. The findings help PV systems’ CFI and decision-makers determine energy infrastructure strategies. Graphical abstract Monthly power generation duration curves Highlights 1. As greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have not reached the promises, many countries addressed ensuring net-zero CO_2 emissions by 2050 to curtail the global temperature rise by 1.5 °C. 2. The EU initiated a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) to impose carbon credit from 2023. 3. Establishing the EU emissions trading systems (ETS) benefits a zero-carbon economy and GHG emissions. 4. The life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) is a practical energy return evaluation for carbon footprint inventory (CFI). 5. Using the CFI of product-product category rules (CFP-PCR) formulated by Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Agency (TEPA), the author performed the global most extensive 181-MWp offshore FPV system at Taiwan’s Changhua Coastal Industrial Park in a 25-year lifespan. Discussion Performing emission mitigation measures results in cost savings through enhanced energy efficiency; establishing ETS to serve carbon credit transactions will bring potential benefits [92]. The CFI is critical for organizations committed to taking proactive steps to address climate change and sustainability, and see-through addressing CFI strengthens stakeholder confidence and association with investors and customers. Taiwan’s land scarcity confines its PV industry development. It is crucial for the authorities to thoroughly investigate and affirm which coastal areas are accessible for erecting FPV to increase clean energy use, as improving the CFI is imperative.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-08DOI: 10.1557/s43581-023-00079-7
M. Puškár, M. Kopas
Abstract Global goals, including those of the EU, are focussed on transition to the green, circular and low-carbon economy. The intention within the framework of EU is to achieve the zero level of CO_2 emissions for the new cars till the year 2035. An important part of this plan is the agreement between Germany and the European Union that the new vehicles equipped with the internal combustion engines can continue to be sold only in such a case if they will use solely the climate-neutral fuel. Therefore, the future will probably belong to application of the advanced low-temperature technologies in combination with the climate-sustainable fuels (e.g. synthetic fuels, hydrogen). The presented scientific-research work introduces two new low-temperature combustion systems, which were developed and patented at the national level. At the same time, these new combustion systems are tested in cooperation with a reputable automotive producer. It is necessary to emphasize such a positive fact that the obtained results prove relevance of the innovative combustion systems as well as their possible future applicability in the real vehicles as a part of the advanced hybrid drive system. Graphical abstract Highlights Nowadays, the significant efforts are focussed on reduction of gaseous emissions generated by the transport, what is resulting in development of electromobility. CO_2 neutrality in the transport sector cannot be reached by the electromobility alone. A potential solution is a combination of the sustainable fuels and advanced low-temperature combustion technologies. These two systems, which are presented in the article, were the subject of experimental research and development. Discussion Within the EU, there are strong efforts for a total restriction of internal combustion engines. The German Association of Automotive Industry (VDA) declares that “CO_2 neutrality in the transport sector cannot be solved by the electromobility alone”. The official statement of VDA continues: “Even if, in ideal case, we had 15 million electric cars on the roads in 2030, most of the vehicles will still be equipped with combustion engines. Nowadays, 280 million cars are using combustion engines in everyday operation in the EU and there are 1.5 billion of them worldwide. Climate-neutral transport is impossible without new structure of global vehicle fleet and its decarbonisation”. According to VDA, the only solution, how to reduce emission footprint, using the current vehicle fleet, is application of the synthetic fuels. Therefore, still more resources should be invested into research and development of new sustainable fuels.
{"title":"Advanced hybrid combustion systems as a part of efforts to achieve carbon neutrality of the vehicles","authors":"M. Puškár, M. Kopas","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00079-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00079-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Global goals, including those of the EU, are focussed on transition to the green, circular and low-carbon economy. The intention within the framework of EU is to achieve the zero level of CO_2 emissions for the new cars till the year 2035. An important part of this plan is the agreement between Germany and the European Union that the new vehicles equipped with the internal combustion engines can continue to be sold only in such a case if they will use solely the climate-neutral fuel. Therefore, the future will probably belong to application of the advanced low-temperature technologies in combination with the climate-sustainable fuels (e.g. synthetic fuels, hydrogen). The presented scientific-research work introduces two new low-temperature combustion systems, which were developed and patented at the national level. At the same time, these new combustion systems are tested in cooperation with a reputable automotive producer. It is necessary to emphasize such a positive fact that the obtained results prove relevance of the innovative combustion systems as well as their possible future applicability in the real vehicles as a part of the advanced hybrid drive system. Graphical abstract Highlights Nowadays, the significant efforts are focussed on reduction of gaseous emissions generated by the transport, what is resulting in development of electromobility. CO_2 neutrality in the transport sector cannot be reached by the electromobility alone. A potential solution is a combination of the sustainable fuels and advanced low-temperature combustion technologies. These two systems, which are presented in the article, were the subject of experimental research and development. Discussion Within the EU, there are strong efforts for a total restriction of internal combustion engines. The German Association of Automotive Industry (VDA) declares that “CO_2 neutrality in the transport sector cannot be solved by the electromobility alone”. The official statement of VDA continues: “Even if, in ideal case, we had 15 million electric cars on the roads in 2030, most of the vehicles will still be equipped with combustion engines. Nowadays, 280 million cars are using combustion engines in everyday operation in the EU and there are 1.5 billion of them worldwide. Climate-neutral transport is impossible without new structure of global vehicle fleet and its decarbonisation”. According to VDA, the only solution, how to reduce emission footprint, using the current vehicle fleet, is application of the synthetic fuels. Therefore, still more resources should be invested into research and development of new sustainable fuels.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the penetration impact of renewable-rich electrical grids: The Jordanian grid as a case study","authors":"Mallak Alrai, Mahmoud Abuwardeh, Mutaz Al-Ghzaiwat, Samer As’ad","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00071-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00071-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135589184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1557/s43581-023-00070-2
Y. Shirley Meng
{"title":"Celebrating 50 years of the Materials Research Society","authors":"Y. Shirley Meng","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00070-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00070-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135421121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the rapid growth of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, the application of traditional ships brings more and more serious pollution problems to the marine environment. For this reason, this paper aims at developing a novel optimal energy scheduling for hybrid ship power system based on bi-level optimization model to reduce fossil fuel consumption and protect the environment. Firstly, a hybrid ship power system model including the diesel generator system, energy storage system, propulsion system, service load system, and photovoltaic generation system is established. Taking the nonlinear and non-convex constraints in solving power generation scheduling and speed scheduling problems into account, an improved genetic algorithm-based bi-level energy optimization strategy is developed. Considering the mileage constraints in coupling constraints, an upper level model for ship energy scheduling is established with the objective of reducing fuel consumption; a lower level optimization model with the goal of minimizing mileage deviation is established through constraint decomposition and fed back to the upper level optimization model. Considering the normal and fault navigation conditions, simulation results verify that the proposed method can significantly minimize operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions by 5.33% and 2.46%, respectively.
{"title":"A novel bi-level optimization model-based optimal energy scheduling for hybrid ship power system","authors":"Xinyu Wang, Zibin Li, Xiaoyuan Luo, Shaoping Chang, Hongyu Zhu, Xinping Guan, Shuzheng Wang","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00068-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00068-w","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid growth of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, the application of traditional ships brings more and more serious pollution problems to the marine environment. For this reason, this paper aims at developing a novel optimal energy scheduling for hybrid ship power system based on bi-level optimization model to reduce fossil fuel consumption and protect the environment. Firstly, a hybrid ship power system model including the diesel generator system, energy storage system, propulsion system, service load system, and photovoltaic generation system is established. Taking the nonlinear and non-convex constraints in solving power generation scheduling and speed scheduling problems into account, an improved genetic algorithm-based bi-level energy optimization strategy is developed. Considering the mileage constraints in coupling constraints, an upper level model for ship energy scheduling is established with the objective of reducing fuel consumption; a lower level optimization model with the goal of minimizing mileage deviation is established through constraint decomposition and fed back to the upper level optimization model. Considering the normal and fault navigation conditions, simulation results verify that the proposed method can significantly minimize operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions by 5.33% and 2.46%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135061179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy is essential in our daily lives to increase human development, which leads to economic growth and productivity. In recent national development plans and policies, numerous nations have prioritized sustainable energy storage. To promote sustainable energy use, energy storage systems are being deployed to store excess energy generated from renewable sources. Energy storage provides a cost-efficient solution to boost total energy efficiency by modulating the timing and location of electric energy generation and consumption. The purpose of this study is to present an overview of energy storage methods, uses, and recent developments. The emphasis is on power industry-relevant, environmentally friendly energy storage options. It discusses the various energy storage options available, including batteries, flywheels, thermal storage, pumped hydro storage, and many others. It also discusses how these technologies are used in the power sector and their benefits and drawbacks. The utilization of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery in hybrid propulsion systems for marine applications, as well as the creation of a high energy density portable/mobile hydrogen energy storage system with an electrolyzer, a metal hydride, and a fuel cell are both covered in detail with a case study. The difficulties and prospects of each system, as well as the potential for further growth, are covered in detail in two case studies. The results of this study suggest that these technologies can be viable alternatives to traditional fuel sources, especially in remote areas and applications where the need for low-emission, unwavering, and cost-efficient energy storage is critical. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Energy storage techniques, applications, and recent trends: A sustainable solution for power storage","authors":"Parth Vaghela, Vaishnavi Pandey, Anirbid Sircar, Kriti Yadav, Namrata Bist, Roshni Kumari","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00069-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00069-9","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is essential in our daily lives to increase human development, which leads to economic growth and productivity. In recent national development plans and policies, numerous nations have prioritized sustainable energy storage. To promote sustainable energy use, energy storage systems are being deployed to store excess energy generated from renewable sources. Energy storage provides a cost-efficient solution to boost total energy efficiency by modulating the timing and location of electric energy generation and consumption. The purpose of this study is to present an overview of energy storage methods, uses, and recent developments. The emphasis is on power industry-relevant, environmentally friendly energy storage options. It discusses the various energy storage options available, including batteries, flywheels, thermal storage, pumped hydro storage, and many others. It also discusses how these technologies are used in the power sector and their benefits and drawbacks. The utilization of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery in hybrid propulsion systems for marine applications, as well as the creation of a high energy density portable/mobile hydrogen energy storage system with an electrolyzer, a metal hydride, and a fuel cell are both covered in detail with a case study. The difficulties and prospects of each system, as well as the potential for further growth, are covered in detail in two case studies. The results of this study suggest that these technologies can be viable alternatives to traditional fuel sources, especially in remote areas and applications where the need for low-emission, unwavering, and cost-efficient energy storage is critical. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135060956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1557/s43581-023-00067-x
Sunil Kumar, R. N. Rai, Darshan Singh, Anees A. Ansari, Youngil Lee, Laxman Singh
Electrode functionalization (shape-selective materials) has transformed the energy storage and production technology in the modern age of developing Batteries science. Sodium-ion batteries are promising electrochemical energy supply system suitable alternative to Li-ion batteries, particularly for low cost, earth abundance Na ion, high structural stability, and better functioning behavior at cooler temperatures. In Na-ion batteries (NIBs), lowest potential electrode (negative electrode) act as primary charge carrier and thermodynamically susceptible to reduce alkali Na +. However, conventional anode material suffers from volume variation and stability issues. Quantum dots (QDs) size (1–10 nm) supported nanofiber (1D) functions as high rate redox-active materials due to synergistic interaction and structural confinement effect. Present perspective shed light on various structural interactions, thermodynamic interactions and interfaces which may lower the energy barrier (activation energy) during electrode electrochemical performance. Quantum dots provide functional sites in nanofiber resulting in expansion of Na+ storage and sodiation reaction. Thus, structural and chemical variation unveil future research for high capacity, robust Na+ storage, and better thermodynamic stability of fibrous Na-ion anode materials to upgrade the futuristic electrode technology.
{"title":"Future perspectives on QDs embedded nano-fibrous materials as high capacity sustainable anode for Na-ion batteries technology","authors":"Sunil Kumar, R. N. Rai, Darshan Singh, Anees A. Ansari, Youngil Lee, Laxman Singh","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00067-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00067-x","url":null,"abstract":"Electrode functionalization (shape-selective materials) has transformed the energy storage and production technology in the modern age of developing Batteries science. Sodium-ion batteries are promising electrochemical energy supply system suitable alternative to Li-ion batteries, particularly for low cost, earth abundance Na ion, high structural stability, and better functioning behavior at cooler temperatures. In Na-ion batteries (NIBs), lowest potential electrode (negative electrode) act as primary charge carrier and thermodynamically susceptible to reduce alkali Na +. However, conventional anode material suffers from volume variation and stability issues. Quantum dots (QDs) size (1–10 nm) supported nanofiber (1D) functions as high rate redox-active materials due to synergistic interaction and structural confinement effect. Present perspective shed light on various structural interactions, thermodynamic interactions and interfaces which may lower the energy barrier (activation energy) during electrode electrochemical performance. Quantum dots provide functional sites in nanofiber resulting in expansion of Na+ storage and sodiation reaction. Thus, structural and chemical variation unveil future research for high capacity, robust Na+ storage, and better thermodynamic stability of fibrous Na-ion anode materials to upgrade the futuristic electrode technology.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1557/s43581-023-00065-z
Ching-Feng Chen
This paper determines which floating photovoltaic (FPV) commerce investment is more favorable for Taiwan’s Agongdian Reservoir or Japan’s Yamakura Dam integrating time-series forecasting, analytical network process (ANP), and financial analyses. Although much literature is associated with the FPV environmental impact, energy generation, and photovoltaic (PV) units on water, there needs to be more discourse on comparative economic analysis in optimal schemes to help investors make decisions. The finances of various countries cannot support long-term renewable energy development, especially after the happenings of the epidemic, the Russian–Ukrainian war, extreme environment, inflation, and interest rate hike in the USA. The results reveal that the metrics impacting FPV deployment scales are system capacity, installation cost, bank rate, and emissions trading systems (ETSs) and electricity bills with weights of 0.23, 0.23, 0.12, and 0.42, respectively. In the post-feed-in tariff (FIT) era, investing in Japan is more favorable than in Taiwan as the former’s net present value (NPV) is promising (7269.8, at a discount rate of 5%). The internal rate of return (IRR), 10.1%, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), 1.71 at a discount of 5%, and the breakpoint point, 55.2%, are affirmative. The approach proposed in the study benefits stakeholders’ decision-making while funding a project. Floating photovoltaic (FPV) deployment Floating photovoltaic (FPV) deployment
{"title":"A holistic method for determining floating photovoltaic schemes","authors":"Ching-Feng Chen","doi":"10.1557/s43581-023-00065-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-023-00065-z","url":null,"abstract":"This paper determines which floating photovoltaic (FPV) commerce investment is more favorable for Taiwan’s Agongdian Reservoir or Japan’s Yamakura Dam integrating time-series forecasting, analytical network process (ANP), and financial analyses. Although much literature is associated with the FPV environmental impact, energy generation, and photovoltaic (PV) units on water, there needs to be more discourse on comparative economic analysis in optimal schemes to help investors make decisions. The finances of various countries cannot support long-term renewable energy development, especially after the happenings of the epidemic, the Russian–Ukrainian war, extreme environment, inflation, and interest rate hike in the USA. The results reveal that the metrics impacting FPV deployment scales are system capacity, installation cost, bank rate, and emissions trading systems (ETSs) and electricity bills with weights of 0.23, 0.23, 0.12, and 0.42, respectively. In the post-feed-in tariff (FIT) era, investing in Japan is more favorable than in Taiwan as the former’s net present value (NPV) is promising (7269.8, at a discount rate of 5%). The internal rate of return (IRR), 10.1%, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), 1.71 at a discount of 5%, and the breakpoint point, 55.2%, are affirmative. The approach proposed in the study benefits stakeholders’ decision-making while funding a project. Floating photovoltaic (FPV) deployment Floating photovoltaic (FPV) deployment","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44641200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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