Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00018-4
E. Spoerke, H. Passell, Gabriel Cowles, T. Lambert, Gautam G. Yadav, Jinchao Huang, Sanjoy Banerjee, B. Chalamala
Highlights Zn-MnO_2 batteries promise safe, reliable energy storage, and this roadmap outlines a combination of manufacturing strategies and technical innovations that could make this goal achievable. Approaches such as improved efficiency of manufacturing and increasing active material utilization will be important to getting costs as low as $100/kWh, but key materials innovations that facilitate the full 2-electron capacity utilization of MnO_2, the use of high energy density 3D electrodes, and the promise of a separator-free battery with greater than 2V potential offer a route to batteries at $50/kWh or less. Abstract Large-scale energy storage is certain to play a significant, enabling role in the evolution of the emerging electrical grid. Battery-based storage, while not a dominant form of storage today, has opportunity to expand its utility through safe, reliable, and cost-effective technologies. Here, secondary Zn–MnO_2 batteries are highlighted as a promising extension of ubiquitous primary alkaline batteries, offering a safe, environmentally friendly chemistry in a scalable and practical energy dense technology. Importantly, there is a very realistic pathway to also making such batteries cost-effective at price points of $50/kWh or lower. By examining manufacturing examples at the Zn–MnO_2 battery manufacturer Urban Electric Power, a roadmap has been created to realize such low-cost systems. By focusing on manufacturing optimization through reduced materials waste, scalable manufacturing, and effective materials selection, costs can be significantly reduced. Ultimately, though, coupling these approaches with emerging research and development advances to enable full capacity active materials utilization and battery voltages greater than 2V are likely needed to drive costs below a target of $50/kWh. Reaching this commercially important goal, especially with a chemistry that is safe, well-known, and reliably effective stands to inject Zn–MnO_2 batteries in the storage landscape at a critical time in energy storage development and deployment. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Driving Zn-MnO_2 grid-scale batteries: A roadmap to cost-effective energy storage","authors":"E. Spoerke, H. Passell, Gabriel Cowles, T. Lambert, Gautam G. Yadav, Jinchao Huang, Sanjoy Banerjee, B. Chalamala","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00018-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00018-4","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights Zn-MnO_2 batteries promise safe, reliable energy storage, and this roadmap outlines a combination of manufacturing strategies and technical innovations that could make this goal achievable. Approaches such as improved efficiency of manufacturing and increasing active material utilization will be important to getting costs as low as $100/kWh, but key materials innovations that facilitate the full 2-electron capacity utilization of MnO_2, the use of high energy density 3D electrodes, and the promise of a separator-free battery with greater than 2V potential offer a route to batteries at $50/kWh or less. Abstract Large-scale energy storage is certain to play a significant, enabling role in the evolution of the emerging electrical grid. Battery-based storage, while not a dominant form of storage today, has opportunity to expand its utility through safe, reliable, and cost-effective technologies. Here, secondary Zn–MnO_2 batteries are highlighted as a promising extension of ubiquitous primary alkaline batteries, offering a safe, environmentally friendly chemistry in a scalable and practical energy dense technology. Importantly, there is a very realistic pathway to also making such batteries cost-effective at price points of $50/kWh or lower. By examining manufacturing examples at the Zn–MnO_2 battery manufacturer Urban Electric Power, a roadmap has been created to realize such low-cost systems. By focusing on manufacturing optimization through reduced materials waste, scalable manufacturing, and effective materials selection, costs can be significantly reduced. Ultimately, though, coupling these approaches with emerging research and development advances to enable full capacity active materials utilization and battery voltages greater than 2V are likely needed to drive costs below a target of $50/kWh. Reaching this commercially important goal, especially with a chemistry that is safe, well-known, and reliably effective stands to inject Zn–MnO_2 batteries in the storage landscape at a critical time in energy storage development and deployment. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67282608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00017-5
Fazia Taj, A. Dar, M. Dwivedi, H. Naik, Wasiya Farzana, S. Khan
Use of sustainable sources of energy is on the rise due to depletable nature of the conventional sources of energy generation. Renewable sources of energy such as wind, biomass, solar energy etc. are some of the most extensively available non-conventional source of energy. Pasteurisation refers to the phenomenon of mild thermal treatment to liquids or foods to eliminate the most resistant pathogenic bacteria. As such, the primary aim of this paper is to discuss about solar pasteurisation as an alternative to conventional pasteurisation and examine various research works on solar pasteurisation to achieve a solution for sustainable development. Various coatings’ materials and components used in the manufacturing of solar pasteurisation setup have been discussed with emphasis on increasing efficiency. Results reveal that use of PV/T support and certain design modifications leads to the reduction in the total pasteurisation time of raw milk.
{"title":"Design strategies and recent advances in utilisation of solar energy for pasteurisation","authors":"Fazia Taj, A. Dar, M. Dwivedi, H. Naik, Wasiya Farzana, S. Khan","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00017-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00017-5","url":null,"abstract":"Use of sustainable sources of energy is on the rise due to depletable nature of the conventional sources of energy generation. Renewable sources of energy such as wind, biomass, solar energy etc. are some of the most extensively available non-conventional source of energy. Pasteurisation refers to the phenomenon of mild thermal treatment to liquids or foods to eliminate the most resistant pathogenic bacteria. As such, the primary aim of this paper is to discuss about solar pasteurisation as an alternative to conventional pasteurisation and examine various research works on solar pasteurisation to achieve a solution for sustainable development. Various coatings’ materials and components used in the manufacturing of solar pasteurisation setup have been discussed with emphasis on increasing efficiency. Results reveal that use of PV/T support and certain design modifications leads to the reduction in the total pasteurisation time of raw milk.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67282854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00016-6
Julio N. Campos, J. E. Viglio
The development of ethanol as a vehicle fuel in Brazil is the result of a historical trajectory shaped by the interaction of several societal and technological elements. This article addresses this relationship from the perspective of sociotechnical systems, by framing how each sociotechnical element (actors, exogenous shocks, infrastructure, knowledge, social institutions and technologies) enabled the consolidation of ethanol as a fuel alternative to gasoline in Brazil. The section dedicated to institutional change provides a historical overview emphasizing institutional arrangements aimed toward ethanol fuel specifically, as well as an updated review of formal incentive mechanisms. To discuss the expertise system, we analyze the role of private and public actors of research and development (R&D) related with ethanol fuel. We also provide a summary table of the associated sociotechnical elements for researchers interested in applying the sociotechnical transitions framework in the context of biofuels. This article suggests that the strengthening of the sociotechnical system has enabled flexible-fuel vehicles to reach over 70% of the Brazilian light vehicle fleet since their introduction in 2003, a threshold that may indicate an energy transition if changes in fleets, instead of new vehicle sales, are accounted for as an energy transition by itself. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Drivers of ethanol fuel development in Brazil: A sociotechnical review","authors":"Julio N. Campos, J. E. Viglio","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00016-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00016-6","url":null,"abstract":"The development of ethanol as a vehicle fuel in Brazil is the result of a historical trajectory shaped by the interaction of several societal and technological elements. This article addresses this relationship from the perspective of sociotechnical systems, by framing how each sociotechnical element (actors, exogenous shocks, infrastructure, knowledge, social institutions and technologies) enabled the consolidation of ethanol as a fuel alternative to gasoline in Brazil. The section dedicated to institutional change provides a historical overview emphasizing institutional arrangements aimed toward ethanol fuel specifically, as well as an updated review of formal incentive mechanisms. To discuss the expertise system, we analyze the role of private and public actors of research and development (R&D) related with ethanol fuel. We also provide a summary table of the associated sociotechnical elements for researchers interested in applying the sociotechnical transitions framework in the context of biofuels. This article suggests that the strengthening of the sociotechnical system has enabled flexible-fuel vehicles to reach over 70% of the Brazilian light vehicle fleet since their introduction in 2003, a threshold that may indicate an energy transition if changes in fleets, instead of new vehicle sales, are accounted for as an energy transition by itself. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67282579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-022-00022-2
Helanka J. Perera, Anjali Goyal, Hussaina Banu, S. Alhassan
In the present work, we intend to focus on the synthesis, characterization, and application of a high-performing hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane foam functionalized with diatomaceous earth and fluorosilane, which are eco-friendly and low-cost materials for their potential use as absorbents for hydrophobic materials. The scanning electron microscopic studies and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the surface-modified polyurethane has a significant micro–nano-structure and surface functionalization, and the water contact angle measurement showed an increase in hydrophobicity due to the fluorosilane-functionalized diatomaceous earth particles anchoring onto the polyurethane foam. Also, the thermogravimetric analysis revealed an increased thermal stability due to the surface functionalization. The novel fluorosilane—diatomaceous earth—polyurethane foam exhibited a silver mirror-like effect when immersed into water due to inherent hydrophobicity and had an enhanced absorption of oil and organic solvents compared to the unmodified polyurethane. This research presents the successful synthesis of surface-modified polyurethane for its suitability for oil absorption capacity for cleaning the oil pollutants from water and for organic solvents clean-up purposes. Graphical abstract Overview of the research approach, which represents stepwise synthesis of the polyurethane (PU) foam surface modified with diatomaceous earth (DE) and fluorosilane (FS) to form low-density and high-absorbing surface-functionalized PU foam exhibiting enhanced oil absorption making this novel composite as a potential candidate for crude oil clean-up and recovery process.
{"title":"Low-cost fluorinated diatomaceous earth polyurethane foam for the absorption of oil","authors":"Helanka J. Perera, Anjali Goyal, Hussaina Banu, S. Alhassan","doi":"10.1557/s43581-022-00022-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-022-00022-2","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, we intend to focus on the synthesis, characterization, and application of a high-performing hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane foam functionalized with diatomaceous earth and fluorosilane, which are eco-friendly and low-cost materials for their potential use as absorbents for hydrophobic materials. The scanning electron microscopic studies and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the surface-modified polyurethane has a significant micro–nano-structure and surface functionalization, and the water contact angle measurement showed an increase in hydrophobicity due to the fluorosilane-functionalized diatomaceous earth particles anchoring onto the polyurethane foam. Also, the thermogravimetric analysis revealed an increased thermal stability due to the surface functionalization. The novel fluorosilane—diatomaceous earth—polyurethane foam exhibited a silver mirror-like effect when immersed into water due to inherent hydrophobicity and had an enhanced absorption of oil and organic solvents compared to the unmodified polyurethane. This research presents the successful synthesis of surface-modified polyurethane for its suitability for oil absorption capacity for cleaning the oil pollutants from water and for organic solvents clean-up purposes. Graphical abstract Overview of the research approach, which represents stepwise synthesis of the polyurethane (PU) foam surface modified with diatomaceous earth (DE) and fluorosilane (FS) to form low-density and high-absorbing surface-functionalized PU foam exhibiting enhanced oil absorption making this novel composite as a potential candidate for crude oil clean-up and recovery process.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67283044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00019-3
V. Kioupi, T. Vakhitova, K. Whalen
Active learning is a promising teaching approach that can develop sustainability competences in learners. In this paper, we investigate the potential of active-learning pedagogies such as serious games and active-learning toolkits to deliver sustainability knowledge and skills in materials education. We organised a workshop for 20 participants from UK Universities where they played the serious game In the Loop around critical materials and circular economy and engaged in the Active-Learning ToolKit Sustainable Development (Granta Design/now Ansys UK Ltd.) to assess the sustainability of a proposed policy intervention around the use of electric cars. We used a self-assessment questionnaire and reflection sessions to deduce the level of sustainability skill developed by the participants as well as importance and performance analysis (IPA) to help the educators understand crucial components they should concentrate their teaching and learning efforts on in the future. Finally, we provide recommendations for educators on how to implement active learning in materials education in order to empower students with skills for sustainability.
{"title":"Active learning as enabler of sustainability learning outcomes: Capturing the perceptions of learners during a materials education workshop","authors":"V. Kioupi, T. Vakhitova, K. Whalen","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00019-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00019-3","url":null,"abstract":"Active learning is a promising teaching approach that can develop sustainability competences in learners. In this paper, we investigate the potential of active-learning pedagogies such as serious games and active-learning toolkits to deliver sustainability knowledge and skills in materials education. We organised a workshop for 20 participants from UK Universities where they played the serious game In the Loop around critical materials and circular economy and engaged in the Active-Learning ToolKit Sustainable Development (Granta Design/now Ansys UK Ltd.) to assess the sustainability of a proposed policy intervention around the use of electric cars. We used a self-assessment questionnaire and reflection sessions to deduce the level of sustainability skill developed by the participants as well as importance and performance analysis (IPA) to help the educators understand crucial components they should concentrate their teaching and learning efforts on in the future. Finally, we provide recommendations for educators on how to implement active learning in materials education in order to empower students with skills for sustainability.","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46288267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00006-8
Djamila Boukhelkhal, Mohamed Guendouz, Alexandra Bourdot, Hanane Cheriet, Kaouther Messaoudi
Highlights Use of olive core wastes as sand in self-compacting mortar (SCM). The behavior of SCM with olive core waste is evaluated by the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of different mixes. The bulk density and thermal conductivity are improved by using of olive core wastes. Abstract The recycling of organic wastes in the field of civil engineering is a very important process as long as the products to be obtained are not subjected to stringent quality standards. This research is a part of the general policy of saving energy and protecting the environment. Its aim is to study the possibility of developing a new insulating building material by recycling vegetable waste from the olive processing industry (olive core) that discarded in nature. After having been sorted, dried and then extruded in the form of grains, these wastes are incorporated as fine aggregate (sand) in the manufacturing of self-compacting mortar (SCM) by substituting the mass of sand with different percentages (10, 20, 30 40 and 50%). The physico-mechanical and thermal properties of the obtained SCMs are analyzed and compared to the control. The results of this study show a decrease in density and compressive strength of SCM by increasing the content of olive core wastes. However, the thermal properties of SCM are improved through replacing sand by such wastes, which could allow using olive waste core based SCM in various types of nonstructural components with intriguing insulating properties. Graphic abstract
{"title":"Elaboration of bio-based building materials made from recycled olive core","authors":"Djamila Boukhelkhal, Mohamed Guendouz, Alexandra Bourdot, Hanane Cheriet, Kaouther Messaoudi","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00006-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00006-8","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights Use of olive core wastes as sand in self-compacting mortar (SCM). The behavior of SCM with olive core waste is evaluated by the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of different mixes. The bulk density and thermal conductivity are improved by using of olive core wastes. Abstract The recycling of organic wastes in the field of civil engineering is a very important process as long as the products to be obtained are not subjected to stringent quality standards. This research is a part of the general policy of saving energy and protecting the environment. Its aim is to study the possibility of developing a new insulating building material by recycling vegetable waste from the olive processing industry (olive core) that discarded in nature. After having been sorted, dried and then extruded in the form of grains, these wastes are incorporated as fine aggregate (sand) in the manufacturing of self-compacting mortar (SCM) by substituting the mass of sand with different percentages (10, 20, 30 40 and 50%). The physico-mechanical and thermal properties of the obtained SCMs are analyzed and compared to the control. The results of this study show a decrease in density and compressive strength of SCM by increasing the content of olive core wastes. However, the thermal properties of SCM are improved through replacing sand by such wastes, which could allow using olive waste core based SCM in various types of nonstructural components with intriguing insulating properties. Graphic abstract","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67282384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00010-y
Djamila Boukhelkhal, Mohamed Guendouz, Alexandra Bourdot, Hanane Cheriet, Kaouther Messaoudi
{"title":"Correction to: Elaboration of bio-based building materials made from recycled olive core","authors":"Djamila Boukhelkhal, Mohamed Guendouz, Alexandra Bourdot, Hanane Cheriet, Kaouther Messaoudi","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00010-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00010-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67282821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00014-8
Yue Meng
{"title":"Public trust in science: Climate, energy and public health","authors":"Yue Meng","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00014-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00014-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45423315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00007-7
M. D. Sarmouk, A. Smaili, A. Merabtine, H. Fellouah
Highlights The hybrid solar heating systems help in increasing energy savings. However, an optimal configuration along with suitable control strategies will be required to enhance the thermal performance of the system. Abstract In the present work, a hybrid solar-gas heating system is built up in Algiers, Algeria, to investigate its thermal performances and thus highlight the annual solar coverage rate. The system consists essentially of two flat plate solar collectors, a gas boiler, and a hot water storage tank. The operation of the installation is controlled by data acquisition card through LabVIEW software. For this purpose, experiment tests have been conducted for different weather conditions on which the hybrid system was operating under three different scenarios simulating working days and weekends. It has been found that temperatures of the storage tank water can reach 36, 34 and 27 °C for days with a global horizontal irradiation of 390, 400 and 533 W/m^2, respectively. These preliminary results showed that temperatures of the tank under the steady state operating modes might contribute to the reduction of energy consumption for a given space heating application. Graphic abstract
{"title":"Experimental development of a hybrid solar-gas heating system","authors":"M. D. Sarmouk, A. Smaili, A. Merabtine, H. Fellouah","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00007-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00007-7","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights The hybrid solar heating systems help in increasing energy savings. However, an optimal configuration along with suitable control strategies will be required to enhance the thermal performance of the system. Abstract In the present work, a hybrid solar-gas heating system is built up in Algiers, Algeria, to investigate its thermal performances and thus highlight the annual solar coverage rate. The system consists essentially of two flat plate solar collectors, a gas boiler, and a hot water storage tank. The operation of the installation is controlled by data acquisition card through LabVIEW software. For this purpose, experiment tests have been conducted for different weather conditions on which the hybrid system was operating under three different scenarios simulating working days and weekends. It has been found that temperatures of the storage tank water can reach 36, 34 and 27 °C for days with a global horizontal irradiation of 390, 400 and 533 W/m^2, respectively. These preliminary results showed that temperatures of the tank under the steady state operating modes might contribute to the reduction of energy consumption for a given space heating application. Graphic abstract","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67282628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1557/s43581-021-00003-x
A. Braun, R. Toth, S. Erat
{"title":"Solar energy and the circular economy: An introduction","authors":"A. Braun, R. Toth, S. Erat","doi":"10.1557/s43581-021-00003-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43581-021-00003-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44802,"journal":{"name":"MRS Energy & Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45974700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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