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PROBLEMS OF IGNORANCE IN SPIRITUAL CULTURE AL-FARABI’S PHILOSOPHY 法拉比精神文化哲学中的无知问题
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.04
J. Kaukua, Akmaral Syrgakbayeva, Nelya Rushanova
This article provides a brief overview of al-Farabi’s contribution to science. Abu Nasr al-Farabi was the greatest philosopher and scientist of his time. Initially, he completed his studies in Farabi and Bukhara, later he went to Baghdad, where he studied and worked for a long time. During this time, al-Farabi mastered several languages as well as various branches of knowledge and technology. The article identifies specific problems of ignorance in the ethical philosophy of al-Farabi, founder of the actual political, ethical philosophy, especially Farabi synthesis of ancient and Muslim tradition, reveals the place of the Platonic political concepts in his system shows the influence of Farabi’s ideas on the further development of ethical thought in Islam. In addition, the article clearly indicates the thoughts, treatises, where al-Farabi implacably and harshly criticized ignorant, weak and lazy managers, unworthy to lead even small communities. The scientist in his works gives the characteristic features of such a “ruler”.
这篇文章简要概述了法拉比对科学的贡献。Abu Nasr al-Farabi是他那个时代最伟大的哲学家和科学家。最初,他在法拉比和布哈拉完成了学业,后来他去了巴格达,在那里学习和工作了很长时间。在此期间,法拉比掌握了几种语言,以及各种各样的知识和技术。文章指出了实际政治创始人法拉比伦理哲学中存在的具体问题,法拉比伦理哲学特别是古代与穆斯林传统的综合,揭示了柏拉图式政治观念在其体系中的地位,显示了法拉比思想对伊斯兰伦理思想进一步发展的影响。此外,这篇文章清楚地指出了al-Farabi的思想,论文,其中无情和严厉地批评无知,软弱和懒惰的管理者,不配领导即使是小社区。这位科学家在他的作品中给出了这样一个“统治者”的特征。
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引用次数: 0
The exposition of teaching the subject philosophy 学科哲学教学的论述
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.03
G. Nuradin, Dina Kulbaeva, Elmira Kuandykova
«Philosophy» is one of the compulsory disciplines at the university. A student studying in any educational program masters the subject of philosophy, consisting of 5 credits. It is difficult to say that philosophy is understandable and attractive to all students, but it is possible to achieve certain results by transforming and updating the exposition of teaching the subject, i.e. the purpose of explanation, description, definition or message. The exposition of the philosophy of education or the exposition of the philosophy of learning is directly related to the attempt of the teacher of the subject «philosophy» to gain the trust and audience in mastering the process of teaching and learning. The article presents several options that contribute to achieving the main goal - involving students in the development of the subject «philosophy» through logical and cognitive games aimed at teachers and students of educational programs of non-philosophical and socio-humanitarian directions. The use of variants is presented and practiced as an interesting and informative way to increase the attractiveness of the subject «practical philosophy». «Practical philosophy» is the ability to think broadly and reflect on the student’s activities, so it pursues a long-term goal and result based on virtue. The article presents the exposition of teaching the discipline «philosophy» in combination with the philosophy of teaching the discipline «philosophy».
《哲学》是这所大学的必修课之一。在任何教育项目学习的学生都是哲学学科的硕士,包括5个学分。很难说哲学对所有学生都是可理解的和有吸引力的,但通过改变和更新教学主题的阐述,即解释、描述、定义或信息的目的,是有可能达到一定的效果的。教育哲学的阐释或学习哲学的阐释,直接关系到学科“哲学”的教师在掌握教与学的过程中获得信任和受众的尝试。本文提出了有助于实现主要目标的几种选择-通过针对非哲学和社会人道主义方向的教育计划的教师和学生的逻辑和认知游戏,使学生参与主题“哲学”的发展。变体的使用是作为一种有趣和信息丰富的方式来增加“实践哲学”这一主题的吸引力。“实践哲学”是对学生活动的广泛思考和反思的能力,因此它追求的是基于美德的长期目标和结果。本文结合“哲学”学科的教学哲学对“哲学”学科的教学进行了阐述。
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引用次数: 0
The Religious Situation of the Late 19th Century and Early 20th Century 19世纪末和20世纪初的宗教状况
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.12
A. Shagyrbai, B. Sarsengali, Abdulla Mirzakhodjaev
The article summarizes the reflections and conclusions of Muslim scientists, religious figures of India, Egypt about the Islamic world within the framework of aspects of the world religious situation in the late XIX – early XX century. It is reported about the activities and religious education of the representatives of the school of “Jadidism”, begun by the scientists of Tatarstan, in connection with the historical features of the traditional Kazakh society within the named centuries. Information has been written about the influence of the “Jadidist” movement, the names of madrasahs and their location on the features of the development of Kazakh spirituality in the new era. A number of data on the religious environment and environment that influenced the youthful and life periods of the famous Kazakh poet, historian, scientist Mashkhur Zhusip Kopeyuly are considered. Among the factors that influenced the development of traditional Kazakh spirituality, the opinions of reformers in Muslim states that influenced the formation of the worldview of famous educators and scientists were recorded.
本文从19世纪末至20世纪初世界宗教形势的各个方面,总结了穆斯林科学家、印度、埃及的宗教界人士对伊斯兰世界的思考和结论。据报道,由鞑靼斯坦科学家创立的“Jadidism”学派代表的活动和宗教教育与几个世纪以来传统哈萨克社会的历史特征有关。关于" Jadidist "运动的影响、伊斯兰学校的名称及其所在地对新时期哈萨克精神发展特点的影响,已经写了资料。本文考虑了影响哈萨克著名诗人、历史学家、科学家Mashkhur Zhusip Kopeyuly青年时期和生活时期的宗教环境和环境的若干数据。在影响哈萨克传统灵性发展的因素中,记载了穆斯林国家改革者的观点,这些观点影响了著名教育家和科学家世界观的形成。
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引用次数: 0
Current Status and Trends of Corruption in the Republic of Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦共和国腐败的现状和趋势
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.10
I. Turgel, I. Digel, A. Zhanbozova
The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of the spread of corruption in Kazakhstan. The relevance of the study is due to the need to provide analytical support to the national anti-corruption policy. The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends in the spread of corruption and assess the current situation based on the analysis of criminal statistics on acts of corruption, as well as international indices for assessing the corruption potential and the results of sociological studies of corruption in Kazakhstan. The article uses a systematic approach to the analysis of the prevalence of corruption, based on the use of quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis. The analysis was carried out by regions and by levels of government, by specific government institutions and individual areas of social activity. The results of the study present an assessment of the current state of corruption in Kazakhstan with the definition of corruption trends in the sectoral and regional context and may be of interest to a wide range of people interested in this topic.
这篇文章专门分析了哈萨克斯坦腐败蔓延的状况。该研究的相关性是由于需要为国家反腐败政策提供分析支持。本文的目的是确定腐败蔓延的主要趋势,并根据对腐败行为的犯罪统计数据的分析,以及评估腐败潜力的国际指数和哈萨克斯坦腐败的社会学研究结果,评估目前的情况。本文采用系统的方法对腐败的普遍性进行分析,在此基础上采用定量和定性的分析方法。分析是按地区和各级政府、具体政府机构和个别社会活动领域进行的。研究结果对哈萨克斯坦的腐败现状进行了评估,并在部门和区域范围内定义了腐败趋势,对这一主题感兴趣的广泛人士可能会感兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
The Continuity of Religion and Traditions is the Basis of the Nation’s Spirituality 宗教和传统的延续是民族精神的基础
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.14
Arnagul Zakhay, K. Tyshkhan
The article examines the relationship between religion and traditions, their place in society, and their significance. If at first the concepts of religion and tradition are explained, then the second part of the article tells about the influence of religion and tradition on spiritual values, the upbringing of descendants and the consequences of contrasting the principles of religion with tradition. The role and content of spiritual values in the Kazakh society are revealed. Religious contradictions are currently being discussed.
本文考察了宗教与传统之间的关系,它们在社会中的地位,以及它们的意义。如果首先解释了宗教和传统的概念,那么文章的第二部分将讲述宗教和传统对精神价值观的影响,后代的养育以及宗教原则与传统对比的后果。揭示了精神价值观在哈萨克社会中的作用和内容。目前正在讨论宗教矛盾。
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引用次数: 0
Modernization of Consciousness as a Task and as a Problem 作为任务和问题的意识现代化
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.06
Alexander Khamidov
The article is devoted to the problem of modernizing the current Kazakhstani public and individual consciousness. It is noted that in the process of gaining state independence by Kazakhstan, such negative elements of capitalism as property relations, individualism, consumer ideology, etc. penetrated into the country. For further development, Kazakhstan needs a serious modernization of all spheres of life, including especially public and individual consciousness. It is noted that not everything that is now modern in the West is suitable for it to be included in the modernized Kazakhstani consciousness. It is noted that, on the one hand, it is necessary to inherit everything that is deeply positive that has been accumulated in the minds of the peoples living on the territory of Kazakhstan (but not just copy, to accept schematism) and synthesize it with what is acceptable among the peoples of the planet.
这篇文章致力于探讨当前哈萨克斯坦公众和个人意识的现代化问题。值得注意的是,在哈萨克斯坦争取国家独立的过程中,财产关系、个人主义、消费意识形态等资本主义的消极因素渗透到该国。为了进一步发展,哈萨克斯坦需要对生活的所有领域,特别是公众和个人意识进行认真的现代化。值得注意的是,并非西方现代的一切都适合纳入现代化的哈萨克斯坦意识。人们指出,一方面,必须继承生活在哈萨克斯坦领土上的人民头脑中积累的一切非常积极的东西(但不仅仅是照搬照抄,接受模式化),并将其与地球各国人民可以接受的东西结合起来。
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引用次数: 0
About Mass Political Consciousness Kazakhstani in the Conditions of Transition From Post-Soviet to «New Kazakhstan» 后苏联向“新哈萨克斯坦”过渡条件下哈萨克斯坦人的群众政治意识
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.07
Aidar Amrebaev, D. Eshpanova
The purpose of the article is to study the mass political consciousness in Kazakhstani society. The paper provides a theoretical substantiation of the phenomena of “political consciousness” and “mass political consciousness”, as well as analyzes the materials of sociological surveys. As a result, some characteristic features of the mass political consciousness were revealed. The article notes that in the mass political consciousness of Kazakhstanis, opposite attitudes and guidelines are combined: on the one hand, support for democracy and human rights, and on the other, political passivity and distrust of government institutions, inability to civil self-organization. The real political behavior of citizens is characterized by a high emotional involvement and a low level of real activity. A feature of the mass political consciousness of Kazakhstanis is the alienation of society from politics and power. In this process, the issues of both the transformation of the mass political consciousness of the population itself and the renewal of the strategy of the authorities for managing public consciousness on the basis of certain ideological narratives are extremely relevant. This issue is of applied importance for the conceptualization of the “New Kazakhstan».
本文的目的是研究哈萨克斯坦社会的群众政治意识。本文对“政治自觉”和“群众政治自觉”现象进行了理论论证,并对社会学调查资料进行了分析。从而揭示了群众政治意识的一些特征。文章指出,在哈萨克民众的政治意识中,相反的态度和方针是结合在一起的:一方面,支持民主和人权,另一方面,政治被动,不信任政府机构,无法进行公民自我组织。公民真实的政治行为表现为高度的情感参与和低水平的实际活动。哈萨克斯坦大众政治意识的一个特征是社会与政治和权力的异化。在这个过程中,人口本身的群众政治意识的转变和当局在某些意识形态叙述的基础上管理公众意识的战略的更新这两个问题都是极其相关的。这个问题对“新哈萨克斯坦”的概念化具有实际重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Muhammad İqbal and the Reconstruction of Epistemology in İslam 穆罕默德İqbal与İslam的认识论重建
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.16
Asyltai Tasbolat, N. Kaldybekov, Zhuzey Myrzakhmet
The article analyzes Muhammad Iqbal’s (1877-1939) research into the reconstruction of Islamic epistemology. Based on Muhammad Iqbal’s book The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, it is considered in the context of three themes: the revelation of the Qur’an, prophecy and the human ego. The analysis of his epistemology in the context of these three themes reveals the essence of Iqbal’s philosophy and allows us to recognize the main paradigms of modern Islamic thought. In the context of Iqbal’s views, criticism of the positivist position, which reflects the philosophy of the modern era, is also discussed.
本文分析了伊克巴尔(1877-1939)对伊斯兰认识论重建的研究。它以穆罕默德·伊克巴尔的著作《伊斯兰宗教思想的重建》为基础,在三个主题的背景下进行思考:古兰经的启示、预言和人类的自我。在这三个主题的背景下分析他的认识论,揭示了伊克巴尔哲学的本质,并使我们认识到现代伊斯兰思想的主要范式。在伊克巴尔观点的背景下,对反映现代哲学的实证主义立场的批判也进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Reflection of Problems of National and Cultural Identity of Kazakhs in Modern Literature 哈萨克族民族文化认同问题在现代文学中的反映
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.01
G. Abdurazakova, D. Kussainov, G. Mussabekova
The article provides a literary review of articles published over the past two years in highly indexed world journals and publications devoted to the problems of national and cultural identity of Kazakhs. The author selected and reviewed three main articles that meet these requirements. To analyze the Kazakh national and cultural identity, the article first examines national identity in modern education, and then raises the question of creating citizenship in Kazakhstan between the Soviet era and globalization. These questions will help to identify the concepts of national identity, citizenship and nation in Kazakhstan. In response to the main questions of the article, the interaction of globalization and culture in the modern world is considered and analyzed, and in this regard, the final part provides an answer to specific questions. In addition, the article found that in the future, when analyzing the national and cultural identity of Kazakhs, special attention should be paid to empirical research.
本文对过去两年在高索引的世界期刊和出版物上发表的文章进行了文学评论,这些文章专门讨论哈萨克人的民族和文化特性问题。作者选择并审查了符合这些要求的三篇主要文章。为了分析哈萨克斯坦的民族认同和文化认同,本文首先考察了现代教育中的民族认同,然后提出了在苏联时代和全球化之间创造哈萨克斯坦公民身份的问题。这些问题将有助于确定哈萨克斯坦的民族认同、公民身份和民族的概念。针对文章的主要问题,对全球化与现代世界文化的互动进行了思考和分析,并在最后部分给出了具体问题的答案。此外,本文还发现,今后在分析哈萨克族的民族文化认同时,应特别重视实证研究。
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引用次数: 0
AN INVESTIGATIVE RESEARCH INTO THE EMPLOYABILITY OF HIJAB WEARING WOMEN IN KAZAKHSTAN 对哈萨克斯坦戴头巾妇女就业能力的调查研究
Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.48010/2022.3/1999-5849.15
K. Kaldybay, Turganbay Abdrassilov, Zh. Nurmatov
This article examines the employability of the hijab wearing women in Kazakhstan. The aim of this investigation is to analyze how hijab wearing and religious identity influence on women’s work prospects and the negotiation around her appearance as a symbol of culture and religion. Despite the plethora of research exploring the meanings and functions of hijab in society, very little research on discrimination towards hijabis in the workplace could be found. The importance of this topic is revealed by the fact that many Kazakh hijabis encounter difficulties finding a job in Kazakhstan owing to their appearance, despite the general understanding that work discrimination based on religion is unfair. The first section of the study is dedicated to the theoretical framework discussing the hijab and its relation to employment from relational demography theory of Ghumman and the concept of Hebl in identifying what kind of discrimination hijabis encounter. This will be complemented by a survey that examines the case of four Kazakh hijab-wearing women. The final section will interpret the findings, concluding that religious attire puts hijab wearing women into a dilemma between work and faith in Kazakhstan.
本文考察了哈萨克斯坦戴头巾妇女的就业能力。本调查的目的是分析佩戴头巾和宗教身份如何影响妇女的工作前景,以及围绕她作为文化和宗教象征的外表进行的谈判。尽管有大量研究探讨了头巾在社会中的意义和功能,但很少有研究发现工作场所对头巾的歧视。这一专题的重要性体现在许多哈萨克族头巾妇女在哈萨克斯坦找工作时由于她们的外表而遇到困难,尽管人们普遍认为基于宗教的工作歧视是不公平的。本研究的第一部分致力于从Ghumman的关系人口学理论和Hebl的概念讨论头巾及其与就业的关系的理论框架,以确定头巾遇到什么样的歧视。此外,还将进行一项调查,审查四名戴头巾的哈萨克妇女的情况。最后一部分将对调查结果进行解释,得出结论认为,在哈萨克斯坦,宗教服装使戴头巾的妇女陷入了工作和信仰之间的两难境地。
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引用次数: 0
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Adam alemi
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