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Tormented visibility: Extremism, stigma, and staging resistance in Omar El-Khairy and Nadia Latif’s Homegrown 折磨的能见度:极端主义,耻辱,和奥马尔·艾尔·凯里和纳迪亚·拉蒂夫的《本土》中的抵抗
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2216998
P. Morey
ABSTRACT This article examines the circumstances surrounding the cancellation of Omar El-Khairy and Nadia Latif’s play Homegrown in 2015. Commissioned by the National Youth Theatre, it was unexpectedly cancelled days before it was due to open. This move can be attributed to heightened sensitivity towards so-called “extreme” opinions of the kind Homegrown features, as the British government tightened definitions of unacceptable speech and placed the onus on civil society bodies to police it. Yet, as this article argues, Homegrown’s treatment can also be understood in terms of the historical commissioning processes for minority – especially Muslim – theatre, which privilege certain topics and modes of address that result in marginal communities’ continued stigmatization. From the outset, Homegrown was alert to these constraints and sought to counter them through a radical refusal to conduct its debates in the manner approved by the framing conventions of security discourse and the governing etiquette of post-9/11 theatre.
摘要:本文探讨了2015年奥马尔·哈里和纳迪亚·拉蒂夫的戏剧《土生土长》被取消的相关情况。受国家青年剧院委托,它在原定开幕前几天意外地被取消了。这一举动可以归因于对本土特色的所谓“极端”观点的高度敏感,因为英国政府收紧了对不可接受言论的定义,并将监管责任交给了民间社会机构。然而,正如本文所述,本土人的待遇也可以从少数民族——尤其是穆斯林——戏剧的历史委托过程中理解,这些戏剧对某些话题和处理方式给予特权,导致边缘社区持续被污名化。从一开始,Homegrown就对这些限制保持警惕,并试图通过彻底拒绝以安全话语框架公约和9/11后剧院管理礼仪批准的方式进行辩论来应对这些限制。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Secularism and the literary marketplace 引言:世俗主义与文学市场
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2215482
R. Ahmed, P. Morey
The last few years have witnessed a rising awareness across the media of the whiteness of Britain’s fiction publishing industry and an amplification of calls for racial diversity both within the workforce and within author lists. In 2015, shortly after the release of the allwhite authored list of books to be freely distributed across the UK for World Book Night 2016, The Guardian published a piece featuring a roster of British writers of colour critiquing the industry’s shameful record of race as well as class inclusivity (Shukla et al. 2015, n.p.; see also Flood 2015). Here, the words of trailblazing campaigner for Black, Asian, and People of Colour authors and Britain’s first female Black publisher, Margaret Busby, sit alongside those of relative newcomer Nikesh Shukla, whose own success as an anthologist and author has been accompanied by a tireless advocacy for a racially diverse literary marketplace (Shukla et al. 2015, n.p). In his contribution, Shukla alludes to his then forthcoming essay collection The Good Immigrant (Shukla 2016) whose publication in 2016 and commercial and critical success marked the beginning of a new shift – even a watershed moment – in the UK book industry. Together with Reni Eddo-Lodge’s (2017) chart-topping non-fiction book Why I’m No Longer Talking to White People About Race, Bernardine Evaristo’s (2019) history-making Booker Prize win Girl, Woman, Other, and Candice Carty-Williams’s (2019) novel Queenie, which won the British Book of the Year award in 2020, among others, Shukla’s high-profile collection helped to pave the way for a boom in books by Black and Brown writers. This was underpinned by new initiatives such as Penguin’s Black Britain: Writing Back list, curated by Evaristo and launched in 2021, and its WriteNow mentoring scheme for writers from under-represented backgrounds, established in 2016, as well as the inauguration of the Jhalak Prize for “British/British resident BAME [Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic] writers” in 2017. This shift took place against the backdrop of the worldwide rise of the Black Lives Matter movement, following the racist murder of George Floyd in 2020. By then, book publishers evidently felt an imperative to speak out against racial violence: that race was their business, or, more cynically, that they could no longer afford to remain silent on matters of race. Penguin Random House, Hachette UK, Pan Macmillan, and HarperCollins all issued statements affirming their solidarity or allyship with racialized people and their commitment to inclusivity in the wake of Floyd’s murder (Saha and van Lente 2022, 1804–1805).
在过去的几年里,媒体对英国小说出版业白人化的认识不断提高,对劳动力和作家名单中种族多样性的呼吁也越来越强烈。2015年,在2016年世界图书之夜将在英国各地免费分发的全白人作家名单发布后不久,《卫报》发表了一篇文章,其中包括一批英国有色人种作家,他们批评该行业在种族和阶级包容性方面的可耻记录(Shukla等人,2015年,另见2015年洪水)。在这里,黑人、亚裔和有色人种作家的开拓性活动家以及英国第一位黑人女出版商玛格丽特·巴斯比的话与相对较新的妮克什·舒克拉的话并驾齐驱,舒克拉作为一名选集作家和作家的成功,伴随着他对种族多样性文学市场的不懈倡导(Shukla et al.2015,n.p),Shukla提到了他即将出版的散文集《好移民》(Shukla 2016),该集于2016年出版,在商业和评论方面取得了成功,标志着英国图书业新转变的开始,甚至是一个分水岭。与蕾妮·埃德多·洛奇(Reni Eddo Lodge)(2017年)的非小说类排行榜冠军《为什么我不再与白人谈论种族》(Why I’m Not More Talking to White People About Race)、伯纳丁·埃瓦里斯托(Bernardine Evaristo)(2019年)的历史性布克奖得主《女孩、女人、其他》(Girl,Woman,Other)以及坎迪斯·卡蒂·威廉姆斯(Candice Carty Williams)(2019)的小说《奎妮》(Queenie,舒克拉备受瞩目的收藏为黑人和布朗作家的书籍热潮铺平了道路。这一点得到了新举措的支持,如由Evaristo策划并于2021年推出的企鹅黑英国:回写名单,以及2016年成立的针对代表性不足背景的作家的WriteNow辅导计划,以及2017年为“英国/英国居民BAME(黑人、亚裔和少数民族)作家”设立的Jhalak奖。这一转变是在2020年乔治·弗洛伊德被种族主义谋杀后,“黑人的命也是命”运动在全球兴起的背景下发生的。到那时,图书出版商显然觉得有必要公开反对种族暴力:种族是他们的事,或者更愤世嫉俗的是,他们再也不能在种族问题上保持沉默了。企鹅兰登书屋(Penguin Random House)、英国哈切特出版社(Hachette UK)、潘麦克米伦出版社(Pan Macmillan)和哈珀柯林斯出版社(HarperCollins。
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引用次数: 0
Marketing secular anxieties: Mohsin Hamid’s planetary turn 营销世俗焦虑:莫辛·哈米德的行星转向
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2214857
P. Veyret
ABSTRACT This article unpacks Mohsin Hamid’s position as a global novelist invested in translating the world view of Muslim characters for a secular, western audience. Its approach to Hamid’s secularism combines materialist with textualist frames of reference, seeing the circulation and reception of The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) and Exit West (2017) as entangled with the novelist’s aesthetic strategies. The materialist approach, based on Graham Huggan’s and Sarah Brouillette’s work, questions how western audiences’ anxieties about religiously driven “Others” are marketed by the publishing industry, thus reinforcing the figure of the postcolonial author as a problematic interpreter of marginalized communities. The textualist approach argues that Hamid’s writing participates in the diffusion of global literature, and close reading will question how authors like him propose ways of reconsidering and rewriting hegemony through positioning themselves as “embedded with the world”, and by forging geocentred fictions which, paradoxically, trace lines of flight from the global marketplace.
摘要本文揭示了莫辛·哈米德作为一位致力于为世俗西方观众翻译穆斯林人物世界观的全球小说家的地位。它对哈米德世俗主义的态度结合了唯物主义和文本主义的参考框架,认为《不情愿的原教旨主义者》(2007)和《退出西方》(2017)的传播和接受与小说家的美学策略纠缠在一起。唯物主义方法基于Graham Huggan和Sarah Brouillette的作品,质疑西方观众对宗教驱动的“他人”的焦虑是如何被出版业营销的,从而强化了后殖民作家作为边缘化社区的问题诠释者的形象。文本主义方法认为,哈米德的写作参与了全球文学的传播,细读会质疑像他这样的作家是如何通过将自己定位为“与世界融为一体”,以及通过创作以地理为中心的小说来重新思考和改写霸权的,这些小说矛盾地追踪着全球市场的逃亡路线。
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引用次数: 0
Marketing stories: Writing with faith and reading in search of spirituality in Elif Shafak’s fiction 营销故事:带着信仰写作和阅读在Elif Shafak小说中寻找精神
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2215487
Rachel Gregory Fox
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the reception of Elif Shafak’s fiction as it circulates within the global literary marketplace, examining the responses of secular and religious readerships in English and Turkish. Taking Shafak’s 2010 novel, The Forty Rules of Love, and her 2016 work, Three Daughters of Eve, as case studies, and referring to media and reader reviews of these books, and public commentary by the author, it evaluates the readerly relationships with spirituality and faith that Shafak constructs as they are emulated by both the readers in her novels and the readers of her novels. In doing so, it asks what reading methodologies Shafak forges in a marketplace that situates books as both stories and products. In the urgent defence of a cosmopolitan ideal, and amidst transcontinental markets and metropoles, this article argues that Shafak puts faith in the potential for conviviality to be fostered by the process of reading.
摘要本文关注的是Elif Shafak小说在全球文学市场上的传播,考察了世俗和宗教读者对英语和土耳其语的反应。以沙法克2010年的小说《爱的四十条规则》和她2016年的作品《夏娃的三个女儿》为个案研究,并参考媒体和读者对这些书的评论,以及作者的公开评论,评估了沙法克构建的与精神和信仰的阅读关系,因为这些关系被她的小说读者和小说读者所效仿。在这样做的过程中,它询问Shafak在一个将书籍视为故事和产品的市场中伪造了什么阅读方法。在迫切捍卫世界主义理想的情况下,在跨洲的市场和大都市中,本文认为沙法克相信阅读过程可以培养欢乐的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A conversation with Leila Aboulela 与Leila Aboulela的对话
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2216491
R. Ahmed
ABSTRACT This conversation with Leila Aboulela is shaped primarily by an interest in her work’s position in the literary marketplace, especially in the UK. It explores Aboulela’s considerable success as a Muslim writer whose fictional worlds are infused with Islam, and asks what this might tell us about the place of faith within the marketplace. The discussion ranges from the author’s journey to publication through the roles played by editors and designers in the production of her fiction to the marketing and reception of her work, also exploring the question of whether and how to translate faith to a secular readership. Mindful of shifts in the reception of writers of colour, including Muslim-heritage writers, through Aboulela’s long career, it concludes with a consideration of a new generation of writers whose work does not shy away from Islamic perspectives, suggesting an openness to unfamiliar world views among readers and some publishers.
这次与蕾拉·阿布拉的对话主要是出于对她的作品在文学市场,尤其是在英国的地位的兴趣。这本书探讨了阿布拉作为一个穆斯林作家的巨大成功,他的小说世界融入了伊斯兰教,并探讨了这可能告诉我们的关于信仰在市场中的地位的问题。讨论范围从作者的出版之旅,到编辑和设计师在小说创作中所扮演的角色,再到作品的营销和接受,还探讨了是否以及如何将信仰转化为世俗读者的问题。考虑到在阿布拉漫长的写作生涯中,人们对有色人种作家(包括穆斯林传统作家)的接受程度发生了变化,本书最后对新一代作家进行了思考,他们的作品不回避伊斯兰观点,这表明读者和一些出版商对陌生的世界观持开放态度。
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引用次数: 0
An agent’s view on diversity, secularism and religion: A conversation with Rukhsana Yasmin 代理人对多样性、世俗主义和宗教的看法:与鲁卡珊娜·亚斯明的对话
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2215972
P. Morey
ABSTRACT In this interview, Rukhsana Yasmin describes her experiences as a literary agent from a Muslim cultural background. She recalls how, early in her career, she was somewhat limitingly regarded as a representative of “diversity” within the industry, but also notes the advantages of her insider’s ability to recognize potential areas of sensitivity and broker conversations between authors and publishers to ensure the writer’s experience is respected in the editing process and that unconscious biases resulting from a predominantly white, middle-class majority viewpoint are minimized. Although she still receives comparatively few novels addressing faith, Rukhsana is heartened by the success of recent essay anthologies by Muslim women. Along with the determination of younger writers to resist being pigeonholed by producing tonally and thematically varied work that better reflects their experiences, such publications push back against the trend for Muslim trauma narratives that have been a staple feature of minority publishing.
摘要在这次采访中,Rukhsana Yasmin描述了她作为穆斯林文化背景下的文学代理人的经历。她回忆道,在她职业生涯的早期,她在某种程度上被视为行业内“多样性”的代表,但她也指出,她的内部人士能够识别潜在的敏感领域,并促成作者和出版商之间的对话,以确保作者的经验在编辑过程中得到尊重,并最大限度地减少由白人为主、中产阶级占多数的观点产生的无意识偏见。尽管Rukhsana收到的关于信仰的小说相对较少,但她对最近穆斯林女性散文集的成功感到鼓舞。随着年轻作家决心通过创作能更好地反映他们经历的音调和主题变化的作品来抵制被归类,这些出版物抵制了穆斯林创伤叙事的趋势,而穆斯林创伤叙事一直是少数族裔出版的主要特色。
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking Muslim narratives: Stereotypes reinforced or contested in recent genre fiction? 反思穆斯林叙事:刻板印象在最近的类型小说中得到强化或受到质疑?
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2209907
C. Chambers, Sairish Hussain
ABSTRACT This article discusses the challenges British Muslim writers and publishers face in a largely secular literary marketplace and a society marked by Islamophobia. It explores these authors’ publication experiences, analysing examples from industry diversity initiatives and from conducting interviews with authors. Arguing that distorted representations strip Muslims of their complex humanity, while more nuanced portrayals can humanize them without resorting to stereotypes, we analyse the thrillers East of Hounslow (2017) by Khurrum Rahman and Take it Back (2019) by Kia Abdullah. The article provides unique insights into the publication tactics of Muslim-heritage writers while also demonstrating genre fiction’s potential as a powerful tool for promoting inclusive narratives and challenging stereotypes. It concludes that genre fiction’s popularity and accessibility can help expand readership beyond literary circles and provide a wider audience for diverse storytelling that might otherwise go unheard in mainstream publishing, thus contributing over time to a more inclusive literary landscape.
摘要本文讨论了英国穆斯林作家和出版商在一个世俗的文学市场和一个伊斯兰恐惧症社会中所面临的挑战。它探讨了这些作者的出版经验,分析了行业多样性倡议和对作者进行采访的例子。我们分析了Khurrum Rahman的惊悚片《东洪斯洛》(2017)和Kia Abdullah的惊悚片“夺回它”(2019)。这篇文章对穆斯林传统作家的出版策略提供了独特的见解,同时也展示了类型小说作为促进包容性叙事和挑战刻板印象的强大工具的潜力。它得出的结论是,类型小说的受欢迎程度和可访问性有助于将读者群扩大到文学圈之外,并为主流出版中可能闻所未闻的多样化故事提供更广泛的受众,从而随着时间的推移,为更具包容性的文学景观做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Exclusion, empathy, and Islam: The Runaways in the literary marketplace 排斥、同理心与伊斯兰:文学市场中的逃亡者
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2209906
Sauleha Kamal
ABSTRACT With the location of the global literary marketplace in western centres, post-9/11 interest in anglophone Pakistani literature comes with the fetishization of minoritized identities. Fatima Bhutto’s The Runaways combats Islamophobic arguments about the Islamic origins of radicalization, showing that it emerges out of exclusion stemming from material facts of race, class, and gender. However, the novel's place in the literary marketplace complicates Bhutto's efforts to elicit empathy from readers. This article argues that although The Runaways is ideologically opposed to Eurocentric cosmopolitan liberalism, it occasionally falters in its representation of Pakistan and Islamic practices. The novel’s empathy is invested in universalism, suggesting a blind spot which is attributable to the global literary marketplace’s anticipation of a secular cosmopolitan “elite” readership. Through analysis of Bhutto’s novel, this article explores the possibility of productive empathy, and interrogates the ethics of reading and writing the other.
随着全球文学市场在西方中心的定位,9/11事件后对英语巴基斯坦文学的兴趣伴随着对少数民族身份的崇拜。法蒂玛·布托的《逃亡者》驳斥了有关激进化起源于伊斯兰教的恐伊斯兰论调,表明激进化源于种族、阶级和性别等物质事实的排斥。然而,这部小说在文学市场上的地位使布托试图引起读者共鸣的努力复杂化了。本文认为,尽管《逃亡者》在意识形态上反对以欧洲为中心的世界主义自由主义,但它对巴基斯坦和伊斯兰实践的表现偶尔也会有所动摇。小说的同理心被投入到普遍主义中,暗示了一个盲点,这可归因于全球文学市场对世俗世界“精英”读者的期望。通过对布托小说的分析,本文探讨了产生同理心的可能性,并对阅读和写作他人的伦理进行了质疑。
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引用次数: 0
A publisher’s perspective on diversity: A conversation with Hermione Thompson 出版商对多样性的看法:与赫敏·汤普森的对话
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2216037
P. Morey
ABSTRACT In this conversation, Hamish Hamilton’s editorial director Hermione Thompson discusses the stages by which a book reaches the buying public. The role of agents and the different expectations of literary and genre-focused publishers are considered. The Black Lives Matter movement has been instrumental in the upsurge of interest in black writing and, while welcoming this development, Thompson acknowledges the importance of not pigeonholing writers according to their identity. That matters of religious difference seldom occur in editorial discussions may be a result of the kinds of submissions received, but Thompson acknowledges that it may also indicate a secular norm, of a piece with the white middle-class norms still governing the industry. The interview ends with a consideration of new developments, such as social media and podcasting, and the tendency in some literary festivals to rely on big-name authors to pull in a crowd, thereby further entrenching ethnic and cultural norms.
在这段对话中,哈米什·汉密尔顿的编辑总监赫敏·汤普森讨论了一本书到达购买大众的各个阶段。本文考虑了代理人的角色以及文学和体裁出版商的不同期望。“黑人的命也是命”运动在人们对黑人写作兴趣高涨的过程中发挥了重要作用,汤普森在欢迎这一发展的同时,也承认不要根据作家的身份将他们分类的重要性。宗教差异问题很少出现在编辑讨论中,这可能是收到的各种意见书的结果,但汤普森承认,这也可能表明了一种世俗规范,一种白人中产阶级规范仍然统治着这个行业的作品。采访结束时,他谈到了一些新的发展,比如社交媒体和播客,以及一些文学节依靠大牌作家吸引观众的趋势,从而进一步巩固了民族和文化规范。
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引用次数: 0
“We tick: Other” – race, religion, and literary solidarities in three essay anthologies and the neo-liberal marketplace “我们滴答:他者”——种族、宗教和文学团结在三个散文选集和新自由主义市场
IF 0.4 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2023.2216039
R. Ahmed
ABSTRACT This article considers Nikesh Shukla’s The Good Immigrant (2016) alongside two anthologies of essays by British Muslim women: Mariam Khan’s It’s Not About the Burqa (2019) and Sabeena Akhtar’s Cut from the Same Cloth? (2021). Situating them within the publishing industry’s racializing practices, which valorize writing by authors of colour as authentically representative of their cultures while devaluing it as less “literary” than white British writing, the article asks how the foregrounding of religiosity rather than race in Akhtar’s and Khan’s anthologies works to confirm or challenge these dominant terms of reception. The article is interested in how these anthologies might trouble the boundary between “culture” as the values and practices subscribed to by a racially minoritized community, and “culture” as the self-reflexive expression of individual creativity. Ultimately, it suggests the essay anthology might point to a form of literary solidarity that reaches beyond the confines of the neo-liberal marketplace even while remaining partly constrained by them.
摘要本文将奈基什·舒克拉(Nikesh Shukla)的《好移民》(The Good Immigrant,2016)与英国穆斯林女性的两本散文选集放在一起:玛丽亚姆·汗(Mariam Khan)的《与罩袍无关》(It’s Not About The Burqa,2019)和萨比娜·阿赫塔尔(Sabeena Akhtar)的《同一块布上的剪裁?(2021)。将其置于出版业的种族化做法中,这种做法将有色人种作家的作品视为其文化的真实代表,同时将其贬低为不如英国白人作品“文学性”,这篇文章询问了阿赫塔和可汗选集中宗教而非种族的前景如何证实或挑战这些主流的接受条件。这篇文章感兴趣的是,这些选集可能会如何打破“文化”和“文化”之间的界限,“文化”是少数种族社区认同的价值观和实践,而“文化”则是个人创造力的自我反射表达。最终,它表明,这本散文集可能指向一种超越新自由主义市场界限的文学团结形式,即使在一定程度上仍受其约束。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Postcolonial Writing
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