Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-83582021000300001
Victor Delgadillo
{"title":"Financiarización de la vivienda y de la (re)producción del espacio urbano","authors":"Victor Delgadillo","doi":"10.4067/s0718-83582021000300001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-83582021000300001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45631885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-83582021000300323
J. V. Vergara Vidal, Daniela Álvarez Campos, Diego Asenjo Muñoz, Denisse Dintrans Bauer
In December 1972, the Sub Department of Design of the Corporación de la Vivienda (CORVI) published a document with eighteen housing prototypes developed by its teams between 1966 and 1971. This document was the result of the previous experience of those teams in developing a large part of the social housing built in Chile, of the work of systematization and standardization of that set of works, and of the design indications given by the managers of these teams. Drawing on the document itself, secondary sources that report on CORVI’s decisions, and interviews with Orlando Sepúlveda Mellado, an architect member of CORVI’s design teams, this paper analyzes the practical meaning of “Tipología de viviendas racionalizadas 1966-1972” and suggests that it performs a non-canonical mode of the notion of typology, articulates a standardization of project ideas, and responds to the contingencies of the sociomaterial environment. This helps to conclude that the inaccuracies observed in the document are part of an objectual strategy of communication of the technical aspect that aims at its practicality, that is, to efficiently narrate the complexity of architectonic rationalization as a political and socio-technical program.
1972年12月，Vivienda公司设计分部（CORVI）发布了一份文件，其中包含1966年至1971年间由其团队开发的18个住房原型。这份文件是这些小组以前在开发智利建造的大部分社会住房方面的经验、这套工程的系统化和标准化工作以及这些小组的管理人员提出的设计指示的结果。根据该文件本身、报告CORVI决策的次要来源，以及对CORVI设计团队建筑师Orlando Sepúlveda Mellado的采访，本文分析了“Tipología de viviendas racializadas 1966-1972”的实际意义，并认为它执行了类型学概念的非规范模式，阐明了项目理念的标准化，并对社会物质环境的偶然性做出了回应。这有助于得出这样的结论：文件中观察到的不准确之处是技术方面的客观沟通策略的一部分，该策略旨在实现其实用性，即有效地将建筑合理化的复杂性描述为一个政治和社会技术程序。
{"title":"Practicidad y comunicación de lo técnico en las tipologías de vivienda CORVI","authors":"J. V. Vergara Vidal, Daniela Álvarez Campos, Diego Asenjo Muñoz, Denisse Dintrans Bauer","doi":"10.4067/s0718-83582021000300323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-83582021000300323","url":null,"abstract":"In December 1972, the Sub Department of Design of the Corporación de la Vivienda (CORVI) published a document with eighteen housing prototypes developed by its teams between 1966 and 1971. This document was the result of the previous experience of those teams in developing a large part of the social housing built in Chile, of the work of systematization and standardization of that set of works, and of the design indications given by the managers of these teams. Drawing on the document itself, secondary sources that report on CORVI’s decisions, and interviews with Orlando Sepúlveda Mellado, an architect member of CORVI’s design teams, this paper analyzes the practical meaning of “Tipología de viviendas racionalizadas 1966-1972” and suggests that it performs a non-canonical mode of the notion of typology, articulates a standardization of project ideas, and responds to the contingencies of the sociomaterial environment. This helps to conclude that the inaccuracies observed in the document are part of an objectual strategy of communication of the technical aspect that aims at its practicality, that is, to efficiently narrate the complexity of architectonic rationalization as a political and socio-technical program.","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47140786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-83582021000300085
I. Socoloff
{"title":"Fondos inmobiliarios cotizados y financiarización de la vivienda en Argentina","authors":"I. Socoloff","doi":"10.4067/s0718-83582021000300085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-83582021000300085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41826494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-83582021000300054
David León Kornbluth Camblor
{"title":"El diseño político del proceso de financiarización de la vivienda y la infraestructura en Chile","authors":"David León Kornbluth Camblor","doi":"10.4067/s0718-83582021000300054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-83582021000300054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46505095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-83582021000300268
Marco Antonio Rojas Trejo, Luis Marcelo Silva Burgos
Starting from the discussion between residential segregation and social integration, this article analyzes the evaluation of various aspects of the residential habitat of two social housing projects executed by the Ministry of Housing and Urbanism in Gran Concepción, Chile. The projects sought to solve the housing problems of 4,140 families who resided in irregular settlements through two opposing strategies: in one case via settlement in central areas of the city and in another via eradication to the urban periphery. The data collects the evaluation of the beneficiary families through a quantitative study that considered a survey design with a total sample of 1,130 families. The results indicate that, regardless of the operating strategy of housing projects, families evaluate the home positively and the neighborhood negatively. In particular, a perception of social heterogeneity is observed that differs from the objective conditions, a negative evaluation of the neighbors and the social relations in the intra-neighborhood space, reflecting a clear tendency of distinction and differentiation. The results of the study open new questions in the discussion about social integration in social housing complexes.
{"title":"Integración social en proyectos de vivienda social. Un análisis en el Gran Concepción, Chile","authors":"Marco Antonio Rojas Trejo, Luis Marcelo Silva Burgos","doi":"10.4067/s0718-83582021000300268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-83582021000300268","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from the discussion between residential segregation and social integration, this article analyzes the evaluation of various aspects of the residential habitat of two social housing projects executed by the Ministry of Housing and Urbanism in Gran Concepción, Chile. The projects sought to solve the housing problems of 4,140 families who resided in irregular settlements through two opposing strategies: in one case via settlement in central areas of the city and in another via eradication to the urban periphery. The data collects the evaluation of the beneficiary families through a quantitative study that considered a survey design with a total sample of 1,130 families. The results indicate that, regardless of the operating strategy of housing projects, families evaluate the home positively and the neighborhood negatively. In particular, a perception of social heterogeneity is observed that differs from the objective conditions, a negative evaluation of the neighbors and the social relations in the intra-neighborhood space, reflecting a clear tendency of distinction and differentiation. The results of the study open new questions in the discussion about social integration in social housing complexes.","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44067683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-83582021000300349
Alejandro Gómez-Gonçalves, D. Corrochano
{"title":"Are urban green spaces used as didactical resources in Spanish Primary Education?","authors":"Alejandro Gómez-Gonçalves, D. Corrochano","doi":"10.4067/s0718-83582021000300349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-83582021000300349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48266009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-24DOI: 10.4067/S0718-83582021000200183
Fernando Carrión Mena, Paulina Cepeda Pico
Las nuevas formas de acumulacion global producen transformaciones constantes y aceleradas de las urbes, no solo en las escalas de analisis, sino tambien en los paradigmas de planificacion. Este articulo aborda la configuracion de los nodos de articulacion global de America Latina identificados como corredores urbanos o centralidades longitudinales, que configuran una relacion lugar-flujo de las actividades intraurbanas y transurbanas. Con el fin de determinar su transformacion de avenidas principales a centralidades globales, se analizan los casos de corredores urbanos mas importantes mediante una metodologia comparativa y en funcion de cuatro factores: historicos, de funcionalidad, de accesibilidad y de territorialidad. A partir de ello se verifica la transformacion de las avenidas urbanas en corredores globales y, sobre todo, en nuevas centralidades.
{"title":"Corredores urbanos: centralidades longitudinales de articulación global","authors":"Fernando Carrión Mena, Paulina Cepeda Pico","doi":"10.4067/S0718-83582021000200183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-83582021000200183","url":null,"abstract":"Las nuevas formas de acumulacion global producen transformaciones constantes y aceleradas de las urbes, no solo en las escalas de analisis, sino tambien en los paradigmas de planificacion. Este articulo aborda la configuracion de los nodos de articulacion global de America Latina identificados como corredores urbanos o centralidades longitudinales, que configuran una relacion lugar-flujo de las actividades intraurbanas y transurbanas. Con el fin de determinar su transformacion de avenidas principales a centralidades globales, se analizan los casos de corredores urbanos mas importantes mediante una metodologia comparativa y en funcion de cuatro factores: historicos, de funcionalidad, de accesibilidad y de territorialidad. A partir de ello se verifica la transformacion de las avenidas urbanas en corredores globales y, sobre todo, en nuevas centralidades.","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46254908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-24DOI: 10.4067/S0718-83582021000200302
A. Reyes
En Chile, el temor al delito ha producido una intensa agenda de participacion ciudadana en los territorios. Inspirados en los postulados de la criminologia ambiental y la ecologia urbana, se han difundido esquemas de participacion vecinal, cuyas teorias suponen que la organizacion y el lazo social actuan como una barrera informal frente a la inseguridad en los vecindarios. Un aspecto poco analizado refiere a como se producen de manera cotidiana estos procesos, cual es el rol que juega el Estado y cuales son los mecanismos que hacen posible la segurizacion. El articulo, fundado en un estudio etnografico en un barrio de Santiago, propone que el sentimiento de desproteccion que experimentan los sujetos moviliza practicas que adquieren la textura del cuidado que les permite lidiar con la incertidumbre que produce el peligro. Ello es posible en un contexto en el cual lo barrial y lo comunitario son moldeados a traves del llamado a participar a la ciudadania hecho por el Estado, que moviliza el cuidado mutuo al mismo tiempo que segrega y estigmatiza a los mas pobres. Estas practicas son promovidas por las politicas neoecologicas de seguridad en los territorios, la cuales ponen limites a la vida en comun en la ciudad.
{"title":"Inseguridad urbana, participación ciudadana y cuidado vecinal: la búsqueda por protección en los barrios","authors":"A. Reyes","doi":"10.4067/S0718-83582021000200302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-83582021000200302","url":null,"abstract":"En Chile, el temor al delito ha producido una intensa agenda de participacion ciudadana en los territorios. Inspirados en los postulados de la criminologia ambiental y la ecologia urbana, se han difundido esquemas de participacion vecinal, cuyas teorias suponen que la organizacion y el lazo social actuan como una barrera informal frente a la inseguridad en los vecindarios. Un aspecto poco analizado refiere a como se producen de manera cotidiana estos procesos, cual es el rol que juega el Estado y cuales son los mecanismos que hacen posible la segurizacion. El articulo, fundado en un estudio etnografico en un barrio de Santiago, propone que el sentimiento de desproteccion que experimentan los sujetos moviliza practicas que adquieren la textura del cuidado que les permite lidiar con la incertidumbre que produce el peligro. Ello es posible en un contexto en el cual lo barrial y lo comunitario son moldeados a traves del llamado a participar a la ciudadania hecho por el Estado, que moviliza el cuidado mutuo al mismo tiempo que segrega y estigmatiza a los mas pobres. Estas practicas son promovidas por las politicas neoecologicas de seguridad en los territorios, la cuales ponen limites a la vida en comun en la ciudad.","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44251434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-24DOI: 10.4067/S0718-83582021000200279
Juan Cristóbal Moreno Crossley
Reconociendo su caracter multiple y rechazando su mal adjudicada calificacion de practicas residuales o perifericas, el presente articulo aborda la tarea de describir, catalogar y cuantificar algunas de las principales estrategias contemporaneas de autogestion del habitat en Chile, subrayando como en ellas pueden identificarse claves significativas para promover mejoras en las condiciones de vida de algunos grupos de poblacion. Para esto se aplica una metodologia cuantitativa y descriptiva, basada en el analisis de los datos de Encuesta Casen 2017, que busca estimar la incidencia de diferentes practicas ligadas a la autogestion del habitat entre los hogares del primer quintil de ingreso y analizar sus intersecciones. Del analisis realizado se concluye que estas practicas resultan sumamente variadas y revisten una alta significacion numerica. Segun se observa, mas de 930 mil hogares (83% de hogares en el primer quintil de ingreso) dispone de experiencia concreta o capacidades para la autogestion del habitat en al menos una de las dimensiones identificadas. Asimismo, se observa que la movilizacion de redes de apoyo, la provision comunitaria o autogestionada de servicios basicos, junto al mejoramiento y autoconstruccion de vivienda constituyen las modalidades mas frecuentes.
{"title":"¿Al lado del camino? Inventariando estrategias de autogestión del hábitat en Chile","authors":"Juan Cristóbal Moreno Crossley","doi":"10.4067/S0718-83582021000200279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-83582021000200279","url":null,"abstract":"Reconociendo su caracter multiple y rechazando su mal adjudicada calificacion de practicas residuales o perifericas, el presente articulo aborda la tarea de describir, catalogar y cuantificar algunas de las principales estrategias contemporaneas de autogestion del habitat en Chile, subrayando como en ellas pueden identificarse claves significativas para promover mejoras en las condiciones de vida de algunos grupos de poblacion. Para esto se aplica una metodologia cuantitativa y descriptiva, basada en el analisis de los datos de Encuesta Casen 2017, que busca estimar la incidencia de diferentes practicas ligadas a la autogestion del habitat entre los hogares del primer quintil de ingreso y analizar sus intersecciones. Del analisis realizado se concluye que estas practicas resultan sumamente variadas y revisten una alta significacion numerica. Segun se observa, mas de 930 mil hogares (83% de hogares en el primer quintil de ingreso) dispone de experiencia concreta o capacidades para la autogestion del habitat en al menos una de las dimensiones identificadas. Asimismo, se observa que la movilizacion de redes de apoyo, la provision comunitaria o autogestionada de servicios basicos, junto al mejoramiento y autoconstruccion de vivienda constituyen las modalidades mas frecuentes.","PeriodicalId":44990,"journal":{"name":"Revista INVI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46338790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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