During the launch of the railgun, the interface of the armature/rail (A/R) will undergo severe melting and wear. The molten armature material will further solidify and deposit on the surface of the rail to form an aluminum deposition layer, which will change the original contact state and affect the subsequent armature launch performance. The evolution of the deposition layer under flat rails and D-shaped rails was experimentally studied. The study found that the deposition layer presents a changing trend of thickness on both sides and thin in the middle. With the increases in the number of experiments, the thickness of the deposition layer gradually accumulates, however, in the end, the thickness of the deposition layer tends to stabilize. Experiments have found that the horizontal distribution of the D-shaped rail deposition layer is more uniform than that of the flat rail, and the increase rate of the thickness of the deposition layer is lower than that of the flat rail. Based on the analysis of the A/R contact resistance and current density distribution, we have given an explanation for the difference in the thickness distribution of the deposition layer. In addition, the thickness of the deposition layer tends to be stable under the two rail conditions because the bond strength of the deposition layer and the rail decreases after repeated launch, and the tensile stress increases, which leads to the peeling off of the deposition layer.
在轨道炮发射过程中，衔铁/导轨（A/R）界面会发生严重熔化和磨损。熔化的电枢材料会进一步凝固并沉积在轨道表面，形成铝沉积层，从而改变原有的接触状态，影响后续的电枢发射性能。实验研究了平面导轨和 D 型导轨下沉积层的演变过程。研究发现，沉积层呈现出两边厚、中间薄的变化趋势。随着实验次数的增加，沉积层厚度逐渐累积，但最终沉积层厚度趋于稳定。实验发现，D 形钢轨沉积层的水平分布比平面钢轨更均匀，沉积层厚度的增加率比平面钢轨低。基于对 A/R 接触电阻和电流密度分布的分析，我们给出了沉积层厚度分布差异的解释。此外，在两种轨道条件下，沉积层厚度趋于稳定，这是因为沉积层与轨道的结合强度在反复发射后会降低，拉应力增大，从而导致沉积层剥落。
{"title":"Influence of Armature/Rail Structure Coordination on the Evolution of Rail Deposition Layer","authors":"Chengxian Li;Dong Zeyu;Shen Shifeng;Liu Liming;Hou Jiaxin;Xu Jinghan;Xia Shengguo","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3462510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3462510","url":null,"abstract":"During the launch of the railgun, the interface of the armature/rail (A/R) will undergo severe melting and wear. The molten armature material will further solidify and deposit on the surface of the rail to form an aluminum deposition layer, which will change the original contact state and affect the subsequent armature launch performance. The evolution of the deposition layer under flat rails and D-shaped rails was experimentally studied. The study found that the deposition layer presents a changing trend of thickness on both sides and thin in the middle. With the increases in the number of experiments, the thickness of the deposition layer gradually accumulates, however, in the end, the thickness of the deposition layer tends to stabilize. Experiments have found that the horizontal distribution of the D-shaped rail deposition layer is more uniform than that of the flat rail, and the increase rate of the thickness of the deposition layer is lower than that of the flat rail. Based on the analysis of the A/R contact resistance and current density distribution, we have given an explanation for the difference in the thickness distribution of the deposition layer. In addition, the thickness of the deposition layer tends to be stable under the two rail conditions because the bond strength of the deposition layer and the rail decreases after repeated launch, and the tensile stress increases, which leads to the peeling off of the deposition layer.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3294-3302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3460473
Wenchao Li;Yingjie Chen;Rongyao Fu;Ping Yan;Youlong Wang;Yaohong Sun
A pulsed alternator (PA) is an important pulse power source capable of driving many types of loads. For electromagnetic rail launcher load, the ideal driving current is a flat top wave. However, the discharge current of the PA will decline, resulting in the inability to maintain a flat top during pulse discharge. Therefore, an optimization method of discharge current based on excitation compensation is proposed and compared it with the traditional method of adjusting the trigger angle (ATA) in this article. First, the relationship between field current and discharge current is analyzed theoretically, and the optimization method is verified. Second, three optimization methods: ATA, separate-excitation compensation (SEC1), and self-excitation compensation (SEC2) were compared. Then, a comparative analysis was conducted on the optimization strategies for the combination of multimethods. Finally, the PA inductance parameters were extracted by using the finite element method (FEM), and the FEM and circuit coupling simulation and the circuit simulation were compared to verify the accuracy of the circuit model and the superiority of the optimization strategies. The results show that all three optimization methods have obvious merits and demerits. The optimization strategies can balance the merits and demerits of a single method and obtain great benefits at small costs. Especially the ATA + SEC2 and ATA + SEC1+ SEC2 optimization strategies are the most prominent. The former does not require external energy compared to the latter, at the cost of a slightly higher field current peak; the latter can achieve the recovery of residual energy in the rails for excitation compensation in the next pulse discharge, at the cost of requiring a set of devices for the residual energy recovery in the rails.
脉冲交流发电机（PA）是一种重要的脉冲电源，能够驱动多种负载。对于电磁轨道发射器负载，理想的驱动电流是平顶波。然而，脉冲交流发电机的放电电流会下降，导致在脉冲放电过程中无法保持平顶波。因此，本文提出了一种基于激励补偿的放电电流优化方法，并与传统的调整触发角（ATA）方法进行了比较。首先，从理论上分析了场电流和放电电流之间的关系，并验证了优化方法。第二，三种优化方法：ATA、分离励磁补偿（SEC1）和自励磁补偿（SEC2）三种优化方法进行了比较。然后，对多种方法组合的优化策略进行了比较分析。最后，使用有限元法（FEM）提取了功率放大器的电感参数，并将有限元法和电路耦合仿真与电路仿真进行了比较，以验证电路模型的准确性和优化策略的优越性。结果表明，三种优化方法都有明显的优缺点。优化策略可以平衡单一方法的优缺点，以较小的代价获得较大的收益。其中尤以 ATA + SEC2 和 ATA + SEC1+ SEC2 优化策略最为突出。与后者相比，前者不需要外部能量，但代价是场电流峰值略高；后者可以实现轨道残余能量的回收，用于下一次脉冲放电时的励磁补偿，但代价是需要一套用于轨道残余能量回收的装置。
{"title":"Discharge Current Optimization of Multiphase Pulsed Alternator Based on Excitation Compensation","authors":"Wenchao Li;Yingjie Chen;Rongyao Fu;Ping Yan;Youlong Wang;Yaohong Sun","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3460473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3460473","url":null,"abstract":"A pulsed alternator (PA) is an important pulse power source capable of driving many types of loads. For electromagnetic rail launcher load, the ideal driving current is a flat top wave. However, the discharge current of the PA will decline, resulting in the inability to maintain a flat top during pulse discharge. Therefore, an optimization method of discharge current based on excitation compensation is proposed and compared it with the traditional method of adjusting the trigger angle (ATA) in this article. First, the relationship between field current and discharge current is analyzed theoretically, and the optimization method is verified. Second, three optimization methods: ATA, separate-excitation compensation (SEC1), and self-excitation compensation (SEC2) were compared. Then, a comparative analysis was conducted on the optimization strategies for the combination of multimethods. Finally, the PA inductance parameters were extracted by using the finite element method (FEM), and the FEM and circuit coupling simulation and the circuit simulation were compared to verify the accuracy of the circuit model and the superiority of the optimization strategies. The results show that all three optimization methods have obvious merits and demerits. The optimization strategies can balance the merits and demerits of a single method and obtain great benefits at small costs. Especially the ATA + SEC2 and ATA + SEC1+ SEC2 optimization strategies are the most prominent. The former does not require external energy compared to the latter, at the cost of a slightly higher field current peak; the latter can achieve the recovery of residual energy in the rails for excitation compensation in the next pulse discharge, at the cost of requiring a set of devices for the residual energy recovery in the rails.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3201-3211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3400364
Bofeng Zhu;Xiao Zhang;Tongyang Zhao;Tao Ma;Junyong Lu
Air-core compensated pulse alternator (compulsator) is an important technical approach to realize the miniaturization of pulse power supply (PPS) for electromagnetic launch (EML). When it discharges, the internal components especially windings are faced with extreme conditions of transient strong coupling of electromagnetic, force, and temperature fields, so efficient thermal management design is one of the key technologies for its safe and reliable operation. In this article, a new thermal analysis method based on fluid-structure coupling and distributed convective heat transfer coefficient is proposed. Compared with the traditional calculation method which uses constant convective heat transfer coefficient, it has higher accuracy and is conducive to more precise analysis of continuous discharge temperature distribution and active cooling effect under extreme conditions. Combined with a design example of the GW scale compulsator, the thermal analysis results of forced air cooling and active water cooling are compared and analyzed. The research conclusions have important reference significance for guiding the overall design of the compulsator, and the research methods can be extended to other electrical thermal analysis occasions.
{"title":"Thermal Analysis of Compulsator Based on Fluid-Structure Coupling and Distributed Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient","authors":"Bofeng Zhu;Xiao Zhang;Tongyang Zhao;Tao Ma;Junyong Lu","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3400364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3400364","url":null,"abstract":"Air-core compensated pulse alternator (compulsator) is an important technical approach to realize the miniaturization of pulse power supply (PPS) for electromagnetic launch (EML). When it discharges, the internal components especially windings are faced with extreme conditions of transient strong coupling of electromagnetic, force, and temperature fields, so efficient thermal management design is one of the key technologies for its safe and reliable operation. In this article, a new thermal analysis method based on fluid-structure coupling and distributed convective heat transfer coefficient is proposed. Compared with the traditional calculation method which uses constant convective heat transfer coefficient, it has higher accuracy and is conducive to more precise analysis of continuous discharge temperature distribution and active cooling effect under extreme conditions. Combined with a design example of the GW scale compulsator, the thermal analysis results of forced air cooling and active water cooling are compared and analyzed. The research conclusions have important reference significance for guiding the overall design of the compulsator, and the research methods can be extended to other electrical thermal analysis occasions.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3193-3200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3431942
G. A. Filgueira;R. S. Pessoa;R. K. Yamamoto;C. Alves;A. S. da Silva Sobrinho
This study employed an inverted reactor approach to activate tap water (TW) using effluent bubbles derived from a gliding arc discharge (GAD). Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analysis revealed the dominant presence of nitrogen species and oxygen radicals within specified spectral ranges. The physicochemical attributes of the plasma-activated TW (PATW) remained consistent, highlighting the efficacy of the reactor’s bubbling system. Through UV-Vis spectrophotometry and pH analysis, the notable observation was the stabilizing influence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and positive hydrogen ions (H+) during the initial activation phases (75 min), which played a significant role in maintaining mildly alkaline pH. Energy efficiency metrics demonstrated a decline up to 1.25 h of activation, with subsequent stabilization. Our research outcomes further emphasize the efficacy of GAD, shedding light on its significant potential in optimizing the water activation process.
{"title":"Plasma-Activated Tap Water by Gliding Arc Discharge Through Bubbles Using an Inverted Reactor Approach","authors":"G. A. Filgueira;R. S. Pessoa;R. K. Yamamoto;C. Alves;A. S. da Silva Sobrinho","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3431942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3431942","url":null,"abstract":"This study employed an inverted reactor approach to activate tap water (TW) using effluent bubbles derived from a gliding arc discharge (GAD). Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analysis revealed the dominant presence of nitrogen species and oxygen radicals within specified spectral ranges. The physicochemical attributes of the plasma-activated TW (PATW) remained consistent, highlighting the efficacy of the reactor’s bubbling system. Through UV-Vis spectrophotometry and pH analysis, the notable observation was the stabilizing influence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and positive hydrogen ions (H+) during the initial activation phases (75 min), which played a significant role in maintaining mildly alkaline pH. Energy efficiency metrics demonstrated a decline up to 1.25 h of activation, with subsequent stabilization. Our research outcomes further emphasize the efficacy of GAD, shedding light on its significant potential in optimizing the water activation process.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3127-3135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3452482
Lingfeng Zhang;Fei Wang;Hongbing Liu;Zuming Liu;Huan Li
Spectral diagnosis is the primary approach to understanding the properties and behaviors of thermal plasmas. The partition function cutoff and the lowering of ionization energy directly influence the results of spectral radiation calculation. To investigate the effects of two factors on spectral analysis, this study uses aluminum plasma as an example, commonly found in laser ablation and processing. Four research schemes were designed (using two partition function cutoff criteria-NIST data/Griem’s theory, considering/not considering the lowering of ionization energy) to calculate the partition functions, particle number densities, and line radiation coefficients of aluminum atoms and ions over a temperature range of 3000–30000 K. The results indicate that the lowering of ionization energy significantly influences the radiation properties of aluminum plasma, compared to the influence of the cutoff criteria. Therefore, accurate radiation calculations require consideration of the reduction in ionization energy. Moreover, using the straightforward approach (NIST data) for the cutoff criteria can yield temperature values with sufficient accuracy, thus simplifying the calculation of the partition function.
光谱诊断是了解热等离子体特性和行为的主要方法。分区函数截止点和电离能的降低直接影响光谱辐射计算的结果。为了研究这两个因素对光谱分析的影响，本研究以激光烧蚀和加工中常见的铝等离子体为例。研究设计了四种研究方案（使用两种分区函数截止准则-NIST 数据/Griem 理论，考虑/不考虑电离能的降低）来计算铝原子和离子在 3000-30000 K 温度范围内的分区函数、粒子数密度和线辐射系数。因此，精确的辐射计算需要考虑电离能的降低。此外，使用直接的方法（NIST 数据）来确定截止标准可以得到足够精确的温度值，从而简化了分区函数的计算。
{"title":"Influences of Partition Function Cutoff Versus Lowering of Ionization Energy on Spectroscopic Temperature Measurement in Aluminum Plasmas","authors":"Lingfeng Zhang;Fei Wang;Hongbing Liu;Zuming Liu;Huan Li","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3452482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3452482","url":null,"abstract":"Spectral diagnosis is the primary approach to understanding the properties and behaviors of thermal plasmas. The partition function cutoff and the lowering of ionization energy directly influence the results of spectral radiation calculation. To investigate the effects of two factors on spectral analysis, this study uses aluminum plasma as an example, commonly found in laser ablation and processing. Four research schemes were designed (using two partition function cutoff criteria-NIST data/Griem’s theory, considering/not considering the lowering of ionization energy) to calculate the partition functions, particle number densities, and line radiation coefficients of aluminum atoms and ions over a temperature range of 3000–30000 K. The results indicate that the lowering of ionization energy significantly influences the radiation properties of aluminum plasma, compared to the influence of the cutoff criteria. Therefore, accurate radiation calculations require consideration of the reduction in ionization energy. Moreover, using the straightforward approach (NIST data) for the cutoff criteria can yield temperature values with sufficient accuracy, thus simplifying the calculation of the partition function.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3174-3184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3459481
Li Sun;Ming Xu;Xian-Pin Sun;Zeng-Yao Li
Recent studies have shown that the thermal emission from the cathode plays a crucial role in the basic research on microarc discharge. In this work, a 1-D implicit particle-in-cell coupled with the Monte Carlo collision (PIC-MCC) method is adopted to simulate thermal emission-driven microarc discharge at atmospheric pressure. Two thermal emission models—thermionic emission (TE) model and thermofield emission (TFE) model—are applied to contrast and analyze the particle transport phenomena of thermal microplasma. Considering that the local electric field near the cathode affects the current densities and ionization can create sufficient space charge to modify the electric field, different current densities at the cathode and their contribution to the total current densities are evaluated under various conditions, including cathode temperatures ( ${T} _{text {C}} = 2500~sim ~3500$ K), applied voltages ( ${U} = 1~sim ~30$ V), and gap sizes ( ${d} = 10~sim ~100~mu $ m). The electric field, maximum number density, and spatially averaged temperature of charged particles are also examined to study the interaction between thermal emission and discharge physics. Furthermore, the effects of secondary electron emission are analyzed to accurately predict electron emission in the microarc discharge. The results indicate the difference between thermal microplasma generated by TE and TFE becomes more pronounced as the gap size decreases, the cathode temperature increases, and the applied voltage increases due to the enhanced field emission (FE). In addition, gas breakdown occurs at a relatively lower voltage of 17 V for the two emission models because of the ion-enhancement effect. There exists a maximum at ${d} = 30~mu $ m in current density at the cathode due to the difference between collision mean free path of electron and gap sizes. Besides, the secondary electron emission becomes more pronounced at higher cathode temperatures and larger secondary electron emission coefficients.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Kinetic Characteristics of Thermal Emission-Driven Argon Microarc Discharge at Atmospheric Pressure","authors":"Li Sun;Ming Xu;Xian-Pin Sun;Zeng-Yao Li","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3459481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3459481","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have shown that the thermal emission from the cathode plays a crucial role in the basic research on microarc discharge. In this work, a 1-D implicit particle-in-cell coupled with the Monte Carlo collision (PIC-MCC) method is adopted to simulate thermal emission-driven microarc discharge at atmospheric pressure. Two thermal emission models—thermionic emission (TE) model and thermofield emission (TFE) model—are applied to contrast and analyze the particle transport phenomena of thermal microplasma. Considering that the local electric field near the cathode affects the current densities and ionization can create sufficient space charge to modify the electric field, different current densities at the cathode and their contribution to the total current densities are evaluated under various conditions, including cathode temperatures (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${T} _{text {C}} = 2500~sim ~3500$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 K), applied voltages (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${U} = 1~sim ~30$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 V), and gap sizes (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${d} = 10~sim ~100~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m). The electric field, maximum number density, and spatially averaged temperature of charged particles are also examined to study the interaction between thermal emission and discharge physics. Furthermore, the effects of secondary electron emission are analyzed to accurately predict electron emission in the microarc discharge. The results indicate the difference between thermal microplasma generated by TE and TFE becomes more pronounced as the gap size decreases, the cathode temperature increases, and the applied voltage increases due to the enhanced field emission (FE). In addition, gas breakdown occurs at a relatively lower voltage of 17 V for the two emission models because of the ion-enhancement effect. There exists a maximum at \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${d} = 30~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m in current density at the cathode due to the difference between collision mean free path of electron and gap sizes. Besides, the secondary electron emission becomes more pronounced at higher cathode temperatures and larger secondary electron emission coefficients.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3246-3256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3458449
David Smirnoff;Luis Bernal;Luis Bilbao
This study investigates the phenomenon of exploding wire (EW), focusing on the decrease in electrical current during the dark pause (dp) in copper filament explosions in atmospheric air. An exponential model is proposed to describe the decay of current during this stage, and a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is employed to fit the model parameters. A linear relationship is observed between the decay constant of the exponential model and the length, diameter, and discharge voltage of the wire. Furthermore, notable differences in the resistance of copper gas are discovered between coated and uncoated wires. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the process and its potential applications in various fields.
{"title":"Coating Effect on Dark Pause Time Decay Constant in Exploding Wire System","authors":"David Smirnoff;Luis Bernal;Luis Bilbao","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3458449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3458449","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the phenomenon of exploding wire (EW), focusing on the decrease in electrical current during the dark pause (dp) in copper filament explosions in atmospheric air. An exponential model is proposed to describe the decay of current during this stage, and a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is employed to fit the model parameters. A linear relationship is observed between the decay constant of the exponential model and the length, diameter, and discharge voltage of the wire. Furthermore, notable differences in the resistance of copper gas are discovered between coated and uncoated wires. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the process and its potential applications in various fields.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3212-3217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3457237
Liang Dong;Wenlong Jiang;Xiaokun Xie
As the power device of the reconnection electromagnetic launcher (REML), the drive coil structure and parameters have a great influence on the reconnection electromagnetic launch device. This article simulates and analyzes the impact of two different sizes of traditional single-layer coil on REML. The smaller the coil, the smaller the impact on the acceleration force of the projectile’s trailing edge. A larger coil will cause the eddy current in the center of the projectile to generate multiple small eddy centers, and the ohmic loss will increase. Therefore, three nested driving coil structures are innovatively proposed. In simulations, nested drive coils gave better results than traditional single-layer coil. The final speed of the projectile is increased from 22.21 to 65, 58, and 70 m/s. A nested coil with a structure was selected for the projectile launching experiment, and the error between the simulation results and the experiment was within 10%, proved the reliability of the structure.
{"title":"Influence of Drive Coils on Projectile Velocity of Reconnection Electromagnetic Launcher","authors":"Liang Dong;Wenlong Jiang;Xiaokun Xie","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3457237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3457237","url":null,"abstract":"As the power device of the reconnection electromagnetic launcher (REML), the drive coil structure and parameters have a great influence on the reconnection electromagnetic launch device. This article simulates and analyzes the impact of two different sizes of traditional single-layer coil on REML. The smaller the coil, the smaller the impact on the acceleration force of the projectile’s trailing edge. A larger coil will cause the eddy current in the center of the projectile to generate multiple small eddy centers, and the ohmic loss will increase. Therefore, three nested driving coil structures are innovatively proposed. In simulations, nested drive coils gave better results than traditional single-layer coil. The final speed of the projectile is increased from 22.21 to 65, 58, and 70 m/s. A nested coil with a structure was selected for the projectile launching experiment, and the error between the simulation results and the experiment was within 10%, proved the reliability of the structure.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3320-3325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3449871
Yonggang Wang;Xiaohan Wang;Zi Li;Song Jiang;Zhangchao Duan;Liuxia Li
Based on the widespread application of pulsed power technology in food safety and medicine, this article develops a bipolar pulsed power generator without an H-bridge controlled by a magnetically isolated driver. The main circuit of the developed pulse power supply adopts the positive- and negative-polarity Marx circuit cascade, which can output bipolar high-voltage pulses without any auxiliary circuits. Moreover, the main circuit has added anti-straight-through diodes. These diodes can truncate the short-circuit current generated when a straight-through short-circuit fault occurs in the circuit, safeguarding the switches and enhancing the power supply stability. In addition, the switching drive scheme uses a series core magnetic ring and the secondary-side windings in anti-parallel, requiring only two drive signals to achieve separate control of the four sets of switches in the bipolar pulse generator. According to the proposed main circuit structure and driving scheme, the simulation of the main circuit and driving circuit are conducted to lay a theoretical foundation for developing the prototype. Subsequently, a 20-stage prototype of a bipolar pulse generator is created. The experimental results show that the system can generate bipolar high-voltage pulses with a voltage amplitude of $0~sim ~pm 15$ kV, a pulsewidth of 1– $10~mu $ s, and a repetition frequency of 0–1 kHz. The interval time between positive and negative pulses can be flexibly adjusted.
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