Pub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3604770
Yong Shen;Jiaqi Dong;Hongda He
Kink mode is one of the most important macroinstabilities in sawtooth discharge. In this article, the nature of kink modes was investigated through a combination of HL-2A experiments and simulations. Multiple n (toroidal mode number) kink branches were found in HL-2A sawtooth discharges. The distinct roles of different n-kink modes in plasma instability were identified. The n = 1 mode is identified as the dominant kink mode. The mode structure shrinks toward the center with an increase in n value. The mode linear growth rate is not necessarily related to whether the mode dominates plasma. The weakening effect of the shorter wavelength and its higher internal localization partially offset the advantage of the higher n mode in the global plasma instability. In practice, multiple n-kink branches tend to be stable if n = 1 mode is stable. Among the low-n modes, the stability limits for n$gt$ 1 modes would not be lower than n = 1 mode at $mathbf {q}_{mathbf {0}}=mathbf {1.05}$ and its adjacent areas, and the stability limits of n = 1 and 2 kink modes decrease with $mathbf {q}_{mathbf {0}}$ and exhibit some linear relationships if a normally parabolic current density profile is considered, which hints for the determination of the operational $boldsymbol {beta }$ for HL-2A sawtooth discharges.
{"title":"On Kink Modes and Low-n Kink β Limits in HL-2A Sawtooth Discharges","authors":"Yong Shen;Jiaqi Dong;Hongda He","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3604770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3604770","url":null,"abstract":"Kink mode is one of the most important macroinstabilities in sawtooth discharge. In this article, the nature of kink modes was investigated through a combination of HL-2A experiments and simulations. Multiple <bold><i>n</i></b> (toroidal mode number) kink branches were found in HL-2A sawtooth discharges. The distinct roles of different <bold><i>n</i></b>-kink modes in plasma instability were identified. The <bold><i>n</i></b> = 1 mode is identified as the dominant kink mode. The mode structure shrinks toward the center with an increase in <bold>n</b> value. The mode linear growth rate is not necessarily related to whether the mode dominates plasma. The weakening effect of the shorter wavelength and its higher internal localization partially offset the advantage of the higher <bold><i>n</i></b> mode in the global plasma instability. In practice, multiple <bold><i>n</i></b>-kink branches tend to be stable if <bold><i>n</i></b> = 1 mode is stable. Among the low-<italic><b>n</b></i> modes, the stability limits for <bold><i>n</i></b> <inline-formula> <tex-math>$gt$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 1 modes would not be lower than <bold><i>n</i></b> = 1 mode at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mathbf {q}_{mathbf {0}}=mathbf {1.05}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and its adjacent areas, and the stability limits of <bold><i>n</i></b> = 1 and <bold>2</b> kink modes decrease with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mathbf {q}_{mathbf {0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and exhibit some linear relationships if a normally parabolic current density profile is considered, which hints for the determination of the operational <inline-formula> <tex-math>$boldsymbol {beta }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for HL-2A sawtooth discharges.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3129-3140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3602713
Abhishek Kumar
An electrically and thermally tunable absorber is designed using graphene and vanadium dioxide (VO2). A monolayer graphene sheet positioned on top acts as a multinarrowband resonator, with its voltage tunability capability allowing for controlled responses. Increasing the chemical potential of graphene results in wideband responses achieved at lower frequencies. A VO2 layer is placed between the graphene and the back layer. At lower temperatures, VO2 operates as a dielectric spacer, enabling multiband resonance. Below 300 K, the device functions as an ultranarrow multiband absorber, demonstrating remarkable sensitivity (S) of 60 GHz/RIU, 60 GHz/RIU, and 210 GHz/RIU with quality factor (Q) 84, 38, and 68, respectively. Its biosensing capabilities are explored, particularly its proficiency in detecting malaria and glucose with high sensing performance. This innovative configuration substitutes conventional dielectric spacers and introduces thermal tunability. As the temperature increases, the conductivity of VO2 rises, transforming the device into a reflector.
{"title":"Inverse Design Approach by Deep Learning for Thermally Modulated Graphene Supported Multi-Functional Bio-Sensor","authors":"Abhishek Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3602713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3602713","url":null,"abstract":"An electrically and thermally tunable absorber is designed using graphene and vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>). A monolayer graphene sheet positioned on top acts as a multinarrowband resonator, with its voltage tunability capability allowing for controlled responses. Increasing the chemical potential of graphene results in wideband responses achieved at lower frequencies. A VO<sub>2</sub> layer is placed between the graphene and the back layer. At lower temperatures, VO<sub>2</sub> operates as a dielectric spacer, enabling multiband resonance. Below 300 K, the device functions as an ultranarrow multiband absorber, demonstrating remarkable sensitivity (<italic>S</i>) of 60 GHz/RIU, 60 GHz/RIU, and 210 GHz/RIU with quality factor (<italic>Q</i>) 84, 38, and 68, respectively. Its biosensing capabilities are explored, particularly its proficiency in detecting malaria and glucose with high sensing performance. This innovative configuration substitutes conventional dielectric spacers and introduces thermal tunability. As the temperature increases, the conductivity of VO<sub>2</sub> rises, transforming the device into a reflector.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3187-3193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3597344
Yanan Ma;Fengying Lu;Rui Zhang;Yong Wang;Suye Lü
A novel multiple sheet beams (MSBs) slow-wave structure (SWS), the horizontal multiple sheet beams folded-waveguide SWS (HMSB-FW SWS), was proposed for terahertz (THz) traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). This design aims to enhance the output power and meet the increasing demand for high-frequency and high-power THz radiation sources used in various applications. By utilizing MSB, the HMSB-FW SWS aims to improve the interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic wave. Compared with a vertical multiple sheet beams FW-SWS (VMSB-FW SWS), the HMSB-FW SWS offers a higher interaction impedance, leading to enhanced output power and gain. Simulation results indicate that the proposed HMSB-FW TWT exhibits significant improvements by over two times compared with the VMSB-FW TWT in amplification performance. Based on simulation results, with a magnetic field of 0.6 T and driven by an input signal at a frequency of 230 GHz, a saturated power of 100 W was obtained with a gain of 23 dB, an electron efficiency of 10%, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 20 GHz. Due to the limited fabrication accuracy at THz band, the FW-SWS requires specific tolerance and manufacturing compatibility. A study on zero-drive oscillations was performed to assess the stability of the proposed MSB-FW TWT.
{"title":"Terahertz Band Traveling-Wave Tube Based on Folded-Waveguide Slow-Wave Structure With Multiple Sheet Beams","authors":"Yanan Ma;Fengying Lu;Rui Zhang;Yong Wang;Suye Lü","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3597344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3597344","url":null,"abstract":"A novel multiple sheet beams (MSBs) slow-wave structure (SWS), the horizontal multiple sheet beams folded-waveguide SWS (HMSB-FW SWS), was proposed for terahertz (THz) traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). This design aims to enhance the output power and meet the increasing demand for high-frequency and high-power THz radiation sources used in various applications. By utilizing MSB, the HMSB-FW SWS aims to improve the interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic wave. Compared with a vertical multiple sheet beams FW-SWS (VMSB-FW SWS), the HMSB-FW SWS offers a higher interaction impedance, leading to enhanced output power and gain. Simulation results indicate that the proposed HMSB-FW TWT exhibits significant improvements by over two times compared with the VMSB-FW TWT in amplification performance. Based on simulation results, with a magnetic field of 0.6 T and driven by an input signal at a frequency of 230 GHz, a saturated power of 100 W was obtained with a gain of 23 dB, an electron efficiency of 10%, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 20 GHz. Due to the limited fabrication accuracy at THz band, the FW-SWS requires specific tolerance and manufacturing compatibility. A study on zero-drive oscillations was performed to assess the stability of the proposed MSB-FW TWT.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3179-3186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3602494
Sahil Kumar;V. Sivavenkateswara Rao
A simple, ultrawideband metamaterial-based perfect absorber is proposed, featuring a novel unit cell composed of three vanadium dioxide (VO2) rings strategically interrupted by rectangular cut outs. The multilayer structure consists of tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) positioned between VO2 and is backed by a gold (Au) ground plane, which acts as a reflective layer. The simulation results of the proposed unit cell predict that the absorption bandwidth of the proposed absorber is 4.93 terahertz (THz), spanning from 3.44 to 8.37 THz when VO2 is in the conducting (metallic) state. Within this band, the structure also demonstrates angular stability and near unity (perfect) absorption at 4 and 6 THz, making it highly suitable for applications such as THz sensing, imaging, and stealth applications. The fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the absorber is found to be 83.4%. The electric field distribution and surface current density result at frequencies, namely, 2.5, 4, 6, and 8.24 THz are presented. Moreover, the sensitivity studies of the proposed design are explored for several geometric parameter variations and conductivities of the VO2, and the potential reasons behind the respective performance are presented.
{"title":"Design and Simulation Investigations of Ultrawideband Metamaterial-Based Terahertz Absorber","authors":"Sahil Kumar;V. Sivavenkateswara Rao","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3602494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3602494","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, ultrawideband metamaterial-based perfect absorber is proposed, featuring a novel unit cell composed of three vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) rings strategically interrupted by rectangular cut outs. The multilayer structure consists of tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) positioned between VO<sub>2</sub> and is backed by a gold (Au) ground plane, which acts as a reflective layer. The simulation results of the proposed unit cell predict that the absorption bandwidth of the proposed absorber is 4.93 terahertz (THz), spanning from 3.44 to 8.37 THz when VO<sub>2</sub> is in the conducting (metallic) state. Within this band, the structure also demonstrates angular stability and near unity (perfect) absorption at 4 and 6 THz, making it highly suitable for applications such as THz sensing, imaging, and stealth applications. The fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the absorber is found to be 83.4%. The electric field distribution and surface current density result at frequencies, namely, 2.5, 4, 6, and 8.24 THz are presented. Moreover, the sensitivity studies of the proposed design are explored for several geometric parameter variations and conductivities of the VO<sub>2</sub>, and the potential reasons behind the respective performance are presented.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3205-3211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3603453
Carl Ekdahl
Scorpius is a multipulse linear induction accelerator (LIA) under development for flash radiography. The injector uses 42 solenoids to transport the beam through more than 7 m before it enters the main accelerator. Therefore, the beam might be susceptible to corkscrew motion, which is exacerbated by beam energy spread and focusing magnet misalignments. For energy spread and alignment tolerances expected for Scorpius, a magnetic tune designed to transport a matched beam is shown to produce minimal corkscrew motion.
{"title":"Electron-Beam Corkscrew Motion Through the Scorpius Injector","authors":"Carl Ekdahl","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3603453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3603453","url":null,"abstract":"Scorpius is a multipulse linear induction accelerator (LIA) under development for flash radiography. The injector uses 42 solenoids to transport the beam through more than 7 m before it enters the main accelerator. Therefore, the beam might be susceptible to corkscrew motion, which is exacerbated by beam energy spread and focusing magnet misalignments. For energy spread and alignment tolerances expected for Scorpius, a magnetic tune designed to transport a matched beam is shown to produce minimal corkscrew motion.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3141-3143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3602400
Aijun Zhu;Wenrui Wei;Weigang Hou;Huiming Zheng;Cong Hu
A balanced three-value 3-1 encoder for terahertz (THz) metamaterials (MMS) based on graphene plasma-induced transparency (PIT) and phase change material (PCM), for the first time, was proposed. It can achieve 3-1 encoding function in the THz frequency band and belongs to multivalue logic devices. The logic output results can be −1, 0, and 1. The time-domain finite integration (FITD) method was used to simulate and optimize the performance of the encoder. The simulation results show that the device achieves 3-1 encoding function at 2.572 and 4.231 THz (valley of PIT effect), with reflectivity of 93.4% and 93.1%, modulation depth (MD) of 99.9% and 99.8%, extinction ratio (ER) of 12.9 and 9.08 dB, and insertion loss (IL) of 0.02 and 0.15 dB, respectively. When the two encoded outputs of the device are treated as a subset, THz balanced ternary summation operations for pull-up conversion and pull-down conversion can be achieved separately. In addition, the device has excellent sensing performance, with a sensitivity of up to 1.491 THz/RIU in different refractive index environments, and has the characteristic of insensitivity to incident angle, which can be applied in complex encoding and sensing environments. This device can be used in scenarios such as information encryption, data compression, signal anticounterfeiting, and communication protocols. Therefore, this work provides new ideas for the design of THz multivalue logic devices and has certain reference significance in the field of THz communication modulation.
{"title":"A Balanced Ternary 3-1 Encoder of Terahertz Metamaterials and Its Sensing Application","authors":"Aijun Zhu;Wenrui Wei;Weigang Hou;Huiming Zheng;Cong Hu","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3602400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3602400","url":null,"abstract":"A balanced three-value 3-1 encoder for terahertz (THz) metamaterials (MMS) based on graphene plasma-induced transparency (PIT) and phase change material (PCM), for the first time, was proposed. It can achieve 3-1 encoding function in the THz frequency band and belongs to multivalue logic devices. The logic output results can be −1, 0, and 1. The time-domain finite integration (FITD) method was used to simulate and optimize the performance of the encoder. The simulation results show that the device achieves 3-1 encoding function at 2.572 and 4.231 THz (valley of PIT effect), with reflectivity of 93.4% and 93.1%, modulation depth (MD) of 99.9% and 99.8%, extinction ratio (ER) of 12.9 and 9.08 dB, and insertion loss (IL) of 0.02 and 0.15 dB, respectively. When the two encoded outputs of the device are treated as a subset, THz balanced ternary summation operations for pull-up conversion and pull-down conversion can be achieved separately. In addition, the device has excellent sensing performance, with a sensitivity of up to 1.491 THz/RIU in different refractive index environments, and has the characteristic of insensitivity to incident angle, which can be applied in complex encoding and sensing environments. This device can be used in scenarios such as information encryption, data compression, signal anticounterfeiting, and communication protocols. Therefore, this work provides new ideas for the design of THz multivalue logic devices and has certain reference significance in the field of THz communication modulation.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3194-3204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-27DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3590376
Duolin Shi;Xiaocun Guan;Shaohua Guan;Lida Yuan
The calculation of the trigger timing sequence for multistage coil launcher presents significant challenges due to the intricate model structure and high degree of coupling, which complicates numerical analysis. Typically, the optimal trigger timing sequence for multistage coil launcher is derived through iterative field-circuit coupling simulations utilizing a finite element model (FEM). However, this approach often demands considerable time investment and is not conducive to real-time control of coil launch devices. To facilitate real-time control of coil launch devices using velocity and position parameters, this article conducts an analysis of the circuit and force models associated with multistage coil launcher based on the current filament method (CFM). Building upon the critical trigger formula derived from velocity and position parameters, we optimize the triggering strategy for multistage coil launcher and propose a new trigger formula. The effectiveness of this optimized triggering strategy is validated through a field-circuit coupling simulation model. This method demonstrates an approximate 3% improvement in efficiency compared to traditional critical trigger methods. Ultimately, this strategy provides a theoretical foundation for achieving real-time control over multistage coil launcher triggering systems.
{"title":"Optimization of Trigger Strategy for Multistage Coil Launcher","authors":"Duolin Shi;Xiaocun Guan;Shaohua Guan;Lida Yuan","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3590376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3590376","url":null,"abstract":"The calculation of the trigger timing sequence for multistage coil launcher presents significant challenges due to the intricate model structure and high degree of coupling, which complicates numerical analysis. Typically, the optimal trigger timing sequence for multistage coil launcher is derived through iterative field-circuit coupling simulations utilizing a finite element model (FEM). However, this approach often demands considerable time investment and is not conducive to real-time control of coil launch devices. To facilitate real-time control of coil launch devices using velocity and position parameters, this article conducts an analysis of the circuit and force models associated with multistage coil launcher based on the current filament method (CFM). Building upon the critical trigger formula derived from velocity and position parameters, we optimize the triggering strategy for multistage coil launcher and propose a new trigger formula. The effectiveness of this optimized triggering strategy is validated through a field-circuit coupling simulation model. This method demonstrates an approximate 3% improvement in efficiency compared to traditional critical trigger methods. Ultimately, this strategy provides a theoretical foundation for achieving real-time control over multistage coil launcher triggering systems.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3171-3178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3595131
Tianming Liu;Ge Gao;Li Jiang
Asymmetric firing control has the potential to be applied to thyristor converters in high-power magnet power supplies due to its ability to reduce reactive power generation. However, further analyses indicate new issues, including commutation failures, thyristor trigger designs, and others. The converter output characteristics, particularly regarding the dc voltage output and the fundamental reactive power generation, are affected by various commutation processes. In this article, first, theoretical analyses are conducted to reveal the mechanisms of commutations for different firing angle regions. Second, the output characteristics are analyzed with consideration of commutations, focusing on dc output voltage and fundamental reactive power generation. Calculations and simulations are performed to verify these analyses and evaluate the effect of reactive power reduction. The experimental results confirm the principles of asymmetric firing. Finally, the impact of asymmetric firing on relevant subsystems, including thyristors, snubber circuits, and trigger systems, is further discussed. Also, the effect of reactive power reduction is further supported by analyses of parallel converter systems.
{"title":"Research on Commutations of Thyristor Converters Under Asymmetric Firing Control","authors":"Tianming Liu;Ge Gao;Li Jiang","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3595131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3595131","url":null,"abstract":"Asymmetric firing control has the potential to be applied to thyristor converters in high-power magnet power supplies due to its ability to reduce reactive power generation. However, further analyses indicate new issues, including commutation failures, thyristor trigger designs, and others. The converter output characteristics, particularly regarding the dc voltage output and the fundamental reactive power generation, are affected by various commutation processes. In this article, first, theoretical analyses are conducted to reveal the mechanisms of commutations for different firing angle regions. Second, the output characteristics are analyzed with consideration of commutations, focusing on dc output voltage and fundamental reactive power generation. Calculations and simulations are performed to verify these analyses and evaluate the effect of reactive power reduction. The experimental results confirm the principles of asymmetric firing. Finally, the impact of asymmetric firing on relevant subsystems, including thyristors, snubber circuits, and trigger systems, is further discussed. Also, the effect of reactive power reduction is further supported by analyses of parallel converter systems.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3162-3170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3597654
Hao Yan;Xuebao Li;Yan Pan;Rui Jin;Zhibin Zhao
Aiming at the insulation testing requirements for high-voltage silicon carbide (SiC) device packaging under bipolar square wave voltage conditions, this article proposes and develops a novel nanosecond-level high-voltage bipolar square wave generator based on cascaded half-bridge submodules. Under a typical capacitive load, the generator achieves a peak-to-peak voltage of 10 kV, an adjustable repetition frequency from dc to 50 kHz, and a duty cycle ranging from 0% to 100%, with a rise time compressed to approximately 39 ns. By combining a series-isolated power supply design with common-mode filtering, the proposed approach significantly reduces common-mode interference under high dv/dt conditions, ensuring high-voltage isolation of the driver stage and improves electromagnetic compatibility. Compared with traditional pulse topologies such as Blumlein lines, linear transformer drivers (LTDs), and Marx generators, the proposed generator excels in flat-top waveform quality, flexible pulsewidth/duty-cycle modulation, and nanosecond-level rising edges. It thus provides a more precise and reliable experimental platform for investigating partial discharge and insulation-aging mechanisms in high-voltage SiC devices.
{"title":"Development of a Nanosecond-Level High-Voltage Bipolar Square Wave Generator for Insulation Testing of SiC Device Packaging","authors":"Hao Yan;Xuebao Li;Yan Pan;Rui Jin;Zhibin Zhao","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3597654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3597654","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the insulation testing requirements for high-voltage silicon carbide (SiC) device packaging under bipolar square wave voltage conditions, this article proposes and develops a novel nanosecond-level high-voltage bipolar square wave generator based on cascaded half-bridge submodules. Under a typical capacitive load, the generator achieves a peak-to-peak voltage of 10 kV, an adjustable repetition frequency from dc to 50 kHz, and a duty cycle ranging from 0% to 100%, with a rise time compressed to approximately 39 ns. By combining a series-isolated power supply design with common-mode filtering, the proposed approach significantly reduces common-mode interference under high <italic>dv</i>/<italic>dt</i> conditions, ensuring high-voltage isolation of the driver stage and improves electromagnetic compatibility. Compared with traditional pulse topologies such as Blumlein lines, linear transformer drivers (LTDs), and Marx generators, the proposed generator excels in flat-top waveform quality, flexible pulsewidth/duty-cycle modulation, and nanosecond-level rising edges. It thus provides a more precise and reliable experimental platform for investigating partial discharge and insulation-aging mechanisms in high-voltage SiC devices.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 9","pages":"2323-2333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3598886
Henry O’Keeffe;Martin P. Foster;Jonathan N. Davidson
In this work, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor power supply designed for operation with a low input voltage is presented. A piezoelectric resonator (PR) is used to provide voltage gain and high efficiency in a small volume for portable (point of use) ozone generation, suitable for the disinfection of surfaces, for example. The power supply was coupled to a small, asymmetrical DBD reactor and achieved an efficiency of 63% and an ozone generation efficacy of 67 g/kWh when operating at 4.4 W. The use of a PR to provide voltage gain has several advantages over, for example, a traditional electromagnetic transformer. The PR has monolithic construction for reliability, is inherently insulated against high voltage due to the ceramic material, can operate up to $300~^{circ }$ C, and its resonant behavior allows the power supply to operate with zero-voltage switching.
{"title":"Piezoelectric-Resonator-Based Power Supply for an Ozone-Generating Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor","authors":"Henry O’Keeffe;Martin P. Foster;Jonathan N. Davidson","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3598886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3598886","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor power supply designed for operation with a low input voltage is presented. A piezoelectric resonator (PR) is used to provide voltage gain and high efficiency in a small volume for portable (point of use) ozone generation, suitable for the disinfection of surfaces, for example. The power supply was coupled to a small, asymmetrical DBD reactor and achieved an efficiency of 63% and an ozone generation efficacy of 67 g/kWh when operating at 4.4 W. The use of a PR to provide voltage gain has several advantages over, for example, a traditional electromagnetic transformer. The PR has monolithic construction for reliability, is inherently insulated against high voltage due to the ceramic material, can operate up to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$300~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, and its resonant behavior allows the power supply to operate with zero-voltage switching.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 10","pages":"3105-3112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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