Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.506_periodico36_pgs_491_505.pdf
A. Saregar, S. Latifah, M. Hudha, F. Susanti, N. Susilowati
The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) approach has become an interesting research object. Several studies have proven that the STEM approach has overcome various learning problems. It involves many teaching and learning aspects, either the cognitive, affective, or psychomotor domains, positively affecting the students' learning outcomes. This study aimed to describe the effect of the STEM approach with the Brainstorming method on critical thinking and creative thinking skills of students in physics learning. This study employed quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent control group design. The sampling was done through the simple random sampling technique with a total sample of 60 high school students. The instrument used in this study was an essay test instrument to measure critical thinking and creative thinking skills. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used as the research hypothesis testing technique. The results showed that the significance score of critical thinking skills was 0.001, and the significance score of creative thinking skills was 0.019. So, it can be concluded that the application of the STEM approach with the Brainstorming method is effective in improving students' critical thinking and creative thinking skills in learning physics, both through multivariate tests and separate tests.
{"title":"STEM-INQUIRY BRAINSTORMING: CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS IN STATIC FLUID MATERIAL","authors":"A. Saregar, S. Latifah, M. Hudha, F. Susanti, N. Susilowati","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.506_periodico36_pgs_491_505.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.506_periodico36_pgs_491_505.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) approach has become an interesting research object. Several studies have proven that the STEM approach has overcome various learning problems. It involves many teaching and learning aspects, either the cognitive, affective, or psychomotor domains, positively affecting the students' learning outcomes. This study aimed to describe the effect of the STEM approach with the Brainstorming method on critical thinking and creative thinking skills of students in physics learning. This study employed quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent control group design. The sampling was done through the simple random sampling technique with a total sample of 60 high school students. The instrument used in this study was an essay test instrument to measure critical thinking and creative thinking skills. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used as the research hypothesis testing technique. The results showed that the significance score of critical thinking skills was 0.001, and the significance score of creative thinking skills was 0.019. So, it can be concluded that the application of the STEM approach with the Brainstorming method is effective in improving students' critical thinking and creative thinking skills in learning physics, both through multivariate tests and separate tests.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44712367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.973_periodico36_pgs_958_975.pdf
Aliya Akhmetaliyeva, Yedige Nassambayev, K. Bozymov, A. Nugmanova
In recent years, there has been a persistent anomalous development of the climate. As a result of which pastures have been scorched, the yield of hayfields has sharply decreased, and temperature drops have been observed. In these conditions, the scientifically grounded choice of the breed and the creation of new genotypes adapted to local conditions and market requirements is an urgent problem. The object of the study were young stock (bulls-calves, heifer calves) and adult cattle (cows) of the Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus, and Kazakh whiteheaded breeds and young cattle cross-breeds of Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus bulls with scrub cattle. The article presents the analysis and determination of the breed resources of beef cattle for obtaining environmentally-safe beef. The study was conducted to establish the degree of adaptation of non-Kazakhstani beef breeds to the natural and climatic conditions of the West Kazakhstan region. Cross-bred animals had more pronounced adaptive properties in terms of hair cover and hair structure of the 1st and 2nd control groups. Simultaneously, in terms of main parameters of changes in hair cover and hair structure, purebred animals of the Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus breeds of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, in general, were characterized by rather good adaptive properties depending on changes in the external environment. The data on the biochemical composition of blood indicated the normal physiological state of animals of all groups. They showed good adaptive capabilities to the sharply continental climate of the steppes and semidesert of West Kazakhstan in animals of all groups.
{"title":"BIOLOGICAL AND ADAPTIVE ABILITIES OF YOUNG CATTLE OF HEREFORD AND ABERDEEN-ANGUS BREEDS AND THEIR CROSS-BREEDS IN ARID TERRITORIES OF WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION","authors":"Aliya Akhmetaliyeva, Yedige Nassambayev, K. Bozymov, A. Nugmanova","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.973_periodico36_pgs_958_975.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.973_periodico36_pgs_958_975.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In recent years, there has been a persistent anomalous development of the climate. As a result of which pastures have been scorched, the yield of hayfields has sharply decreased, and temperature drops have been observed. In these conditions, the scientifically grounded choice of the breed and the creation of new genotypes adapted to local conditions and market requirements is an urgent problem. The object of the study were young stock (bulls-calves, heifer calves) and adult cattle (cows) of the Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus, and Kazakh whiteheaded breeds and young cattle cross-breeds of Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus bulls with scrub cattle. The article presents the analysis and determination of the breed resources of beef cattle for obtaining environmentally-safe beef. The study was conducted to establish the degree of adaptation of non-Kazakhstani beef breeds to the natural and climatic conditions of the West Kazakhstan region. Cross-bred animals had more pronounced adaptive properties in terms of hair cover and hair structure of the 1st and 2nd control groups. Simultaneously, in terms of main parameters of changes in hair cover and hair structure, purebred animals of the Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus breeds of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, in general, were characterized by rather good adaptive properties depending on changes in the external environment. The data on the biochemical composition of blood indicated the normal physiological state of animals of all groups. They showed good adaptive capabilities to the sharply continental climate of the steppes and semidesert of West Kazakhstan in animals of all groups.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47704873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.34_periodico36_pgs_18_31.pdf
Ahmad khadem Hachim, R. R. Hateet, Tawfik M. Muhsin
The purpose of the present work aimed at exploring the potential biochemical components and biological activities of an organic extract of the white truffle Tirmania nivea collected from the Iraqi desert, then test the organic extract against the Cytotoxicity on Human Larynx carcinoma cells and selected strains of pathogenic bacteria. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC/MSS were used to analyze mycochemical compositions. The antibacterial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was investigated using a disk diffusion agar method. The truffle extract's cytotoxicity effect against the larynx cell line (Hep-2) was assessed by the MTT assay (in vitro). FTIR results provided the presence of phenol, carboxylic acid, and alkane's functional group, The GC-MS analysis of T. nivea disclose the existence of nineteen compounds that can contribute to the pharmaceutical properties of the truffle. As for antibacterial activity result, A growth inhibition activity of truffle extract at (18-40 mm inhibition zones) against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains was detected, which minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 3.12 to 6.25 mg/mL for Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) Respectively. The results of cytotoxicity shown that the organic truffle extract exhibited a high inhibitory rate (52.685%) against cell line (Hep-2) at a concentration of 1.56 ?g/mL. In this work, the results showed that the organic extracts of T. nivea are very promising as cancer cytotoxicity and antibacterial agent for future medical applications.
{"title":"STUDY CYTOTOXICITY, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY, AND COMPOSITIONS BY FT-IR AND GC-MS FOR ORGANIC EXTRACT OF WHITE IRAQI DESERT TRUFFLE TIRMANIA NIVEA","authors":"Ahmad khadem Hachim, R. R. Hateet, Tawfik M. Muhsin","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.34_periodico36_pgs_18_31.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.34_periodico36_pgs_18_31.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present work aimed at exploring the potential biochemical components and biological activities of an organic extract of the white truffle Tirmania nivea collected from the Iraqi desert, then test the organic extract against the Cytotoxicity on Human Larynx carcinoma cells and selected strains of pathogenic bacteria. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC/MSS were used to analyze mycochemical compositions. The antibacterial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was investigated using a disk diffusion agar method. The truffle extract's cytotoxicity effect against the larynx cell line (Hep-2) was assessed by the MTT assay (in vitro). FTIR results provided the presence of phenol, carboxylic acid, and alkane's functional group, The GC-MS analysis of T. nivea disclose the existence of nineteen compounds that can contribute to the pharmaceutical properties of the truffle. As for antibacterial activity result, A growth inhibition activity of truffle extract at (18-40 mm inhibition zones) against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains was detected, which minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 3.12 to 6.25 mg/mL for Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) Respectively. The results of cytotoxicity shown that the organic truffle extract exhibited a high inhibitory rate (52.685%) against cell line (Hep-2) at a concentration of 1.56 ?g/mL. In this work, the results showed that the organic extracts of T. nivea are very promising as cancer cytotoxicity and antibacterial agent for future medical applications.","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46778650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.361_periodico36_pgs_346_356.pdf
D. I. Berezina, L. Fomina
Carp (Cyprinidae) is one of the dominating and most valuable fish species in fish farming. Under conditions of high-intensity cultivation, fish are systematically exposed to extreme factors that cause stress reactions, accompanied by changes in the functional state of the defense of the body systems and exert impact, primarily, on hematological parameters. The hemostatic system is one such defense systems, which counteracts bleeding through a coagulation mechanism. Hemocoagulation follows the same pattern in all vertebrates, from jawless fish to mammals, and represents an ancient adaptation of animals to stressful conditions, often associated with blood loss in nature. This research aimed to study the effect of hormone-induced stress on plasma (secondary) hemostasis in fish. Given the data fragmentation and differences in methodology and conditions, the lack of standardization in studying hemostasis in fish, especially in critical conditions, this problem remains not fully disclosed in global science. The article presents the results of studying carp (Cyprinus carpio) coagulogram parameters under the influence of acute and chronic stress responses, simulated by injections of synthetic cortisol analogs (dexamethasone for short-term stress, and betamethasone for chronic stress) during 21 days. The dynamics of these indicators were analyzed in comparison to intact fish. It has been established that by accelerating the activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and increasing the amount of fibrinogen in the blood of fish, blood coagulation processes were clearly accelerated in all groups of animals tested by the last day of the experiment. The dynamics of other parameters, such as the content of soluble fibrin monomer complexes or antithrombin III content, indicated the simultaneous development of hypercoagulation processes in some groups. Assumptions have been made to explain the pattern of changes observed not only in treated fish but also in control animals.
{"title":"EFFECT OF HORMONE-INDUCED STRESS ON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO) COAGULOGRAM","authors":"D. I. Berezina, L. Fomina","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.361_periodico36_pgs_346_356.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.361_periodico36_pgs_346_356.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Carp (Cyprinidae) is one of the dominating and most valuable fish species in fish farming. Under conditions of high-intensity cultivation, fish are systematically exposed to extreme factors that cause stress reactions, accompanied by changes in the functional state of the defense of the body systems and exert impact, primarily, on hematological parameters. The hemostatic system is one such defense systems, which counteracts bleeding through a coagulation mechanism. Hemocoagulation follows the same pattern in all vertebrates, from jawless fish to mammals, and represents an ancient adaptation of animals to stressful conditions, often associated with blood loss in nature. This research aimed to study the effect of hormone-induced stress on plasma (secondary) hemostasis in fish. Given the data fragmentation and differences in methodology and conditions, the lack of standardization in studying hemostasis in fish, especially in critical conditions, this problem remains not fully disclosed in global science. The article presents the results of studying carp (Cyprinus carpio) coagulogram parameters under the influence of acute and chronic stress responses, simulated by injections of synthetic cortisol analogs (dexamethasone for short-term stress, and betamethasone for chronic stress) during 21 days. The dynamics of these indicators were analyzed in comparison to intact fish. It has been established that by accelerating the activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and increasing the amount of fibrinogen in the blood of fish, blood coagulation processes were clearly accelerated in all groups of animals tested by the last day of the experiment. The dynamics of other parameters, such as the content of soluble fibrin monomer complexes or antithrombin III content, indicated the simultaneous development of hypercoagulation processes in some groups. Assumptions have been made to explain the pattern of changes observed not only in treated fish but also in control animals.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46588806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.278_periodico36_pgs_263_277.pdf
Z. Arifin, S. Hadi, S. Suyitno, A. Prabowo, S. D. Prasetyo
Solar cells are capable of harvesting energy by converting solar heat into electrical energy through the photovoltaic process. A type of solar cell, namely dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which based on doublelayer photoanode is attracting researchers and engineers considering its characteristics, e.g., high efficiency, low cost, and available mass-production. The TiO2-ZnO double-layer semiconductor can be obtained from a nanofiber ZnO semiconductor which is deposited with a TiO2 nanoparticle semiconductor. In this study, the direct deposition method was applied using an electrospinning machine. The intention is to directly capture the liquid of electro-jet spun from PVA/Zn(Ac)2 solution onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass. The glass itself is coated with a TiO2 nanoparticle semiconductor. The investigation was addressed to obtain the best tip distance to the collector and the best flow rate in the electrospinning process. The subject environment was designated on the manufacturing process of nanofiber ZnO semiconductors used as double-layer DSSC photoanodes. Variations in flow rates of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 μL/minute were applied in the observation. Furthermore, collaboration with the tip to collector distances using a variation of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 cm was also considered in this study. Based on these parameters, the effects of the electrospinning process on the morphology of the directly deposited ZnO nanofiber semiconductor were obtained. The results showed that a flow rate of 4 μL/minute and a tip distance to the collector of 8 cm produced a small diameter and uniform morphology. This morphology allowed ZnO nanofibers to have better color absorption and electron excitation. Thus, it was directly proportional to the high efficiency of double-layer DSSCs. The performance value for the 4 μL/min discharge was 2.39%, and the performance value for the 8 cm needle tip distance to the collector was 1.61%.
太阳能电池能够通过光伏过程将太阳能热能转化为电能来收集能量。基于双层光阳极的染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cells, DSSCs)因其效率高、成本低、可批量生产等特点而备受研究人员和工程师的青睐。将纳米纤维ZnO半导体与TiO2纳米颗粒半导体相沉积，可以得到TiO2-ZnO双层半导体。本研究在静电纺丝机上采用直接沉积法。目的是将PVA/Zn(Ac)2溶液中的电喷纺液直接捕获到掺氟氧化锡(FTO)玻璃上。玻璃本身涂有二氧化钛纳米粒子半导体。研究了静电纺丝过程中纺丝头与收集器的最佳距离和最佳流量。研究了用于双层DSSC光阳极的纳米纤维ZnO半导体的制备工艺。分别采用3、4、5、6、7、8 μL/min的流速进行观察。此外，在本研究中还考虑了使用3、4、5、6、7和8厘米的变化与尖端收集器距离的合作。基于这些参数，得到了静电纺丝工艺对直接沉积ZnO纳米纤维半导体形貌的影响。结果表明，当流速为4 μL/min，针尖与集热器的距离为8 cm时，所制备的膜直径小，形貌均匀;这种形态使得ZnO纳米纤维具有更好的吸色性和电子激发性。因此，这与双层DSSCs的高效率成正比。4 μL/min放电时的性能值为2.39%，针尖距收集器8 cm时的性能值为1.61%。
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF ZnO NANOFIBER ON DOUBLE-LAYER DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS USING DIRECT DEPOSITION METHOD","authors":"Z. Arifin, S. Hadi, S. Suyitno, A. Prabowo, S. D. Prasetyo","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.278_periodico36_pgs_263_277.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.278_periodico36_pgs_263_277.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Solar cells are capable of harvesting energy by converting solar heat into electrical energy through the photovoltaic process. A type of solar cell, namely dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which based on doublelayer photoanode is attracting researchers and engineers considering its characteristics, e.g., high efficiency, low cost, and available mass-production. The TiO2-ZnO double-layer semiconductor can be obtained from a nanofiber ZnO semiconductor which is deposited with a TiO2 nanoparticle semiconductor. In this study, the direct deposition method was applied using an electrospinning machine. The intention is to directly capture the liquid of electro-jet spun from PVA/Zn(Ac)2 solution onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass. The glass itself is coated with a TiO2 nanoparticle semiconductor. The investigation was addressed to obtain the best tip distance to the collector and the best flow rate in the electrospinning process. The subject environment was designated on the manufacturing process of nanofiber ZnO semiconductors used as double-layer DSSC photoanodes. Variations in flow rates of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 μL/minute were applied in the observation. Furthermore, collaboration with the tip to collector distances using a variation of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 cm was also considered in this study. Based on these parameters, the effects of the electrospinning process on the morphology of the directly deposited ZnO nanofiber semiconductor were obtained. The results showed that a flow rate of 4 μL/minute and a tip distance to the collector of 8 cm produced a small diameter and uniform morphology. This morphology allowed ZnO nanofibers to have better color absorption and electron excitation. Thus, it was directly proportional to the high efficiency of double-layer DSSCs. The performance value for the 4 μL/min discharge was 2.39%, and the performance value for the 8 cm needle tip distance to the collector was 1.61%.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47319990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.239_periodico36_pgs_223_237.pdf
Rusul Ali Al Masaoodi, Shumoos H Alwaid, Maryam Kadhim Al Shemery
Thalassemia can be characterized as hereditary erythrocyte abnormalities resulting from the defect in the synthesis of the hemoglobin globin chain that leads to microcytic hypochromic anemia. This study aimed to find some relationship between the ABO system and thalassemia disease and to determine the relationship between ferritin and vitamin D in patients with thalassemia. This study estimated the level of Hb, ferritin, and vitamin D and also calculated the percentage of ABO blood types in thalassemia and non-thalassemia patients (control group). This study was conducted with 60 samples, 20 for the control group, and 40 for patients with thalassemia. The age of patients with thalassemia and controls ranged from 2 to 29 years. This study found a correlation between ferritin and vitamin D. The results demonstrated a significant reduction (p 0.05) of Hb and vitamin D, but a significant increase (p 0.05) in the concentration of ferritin. The study also found a nonsignificant negative relationship (p 0.05) between the level of ferritin and vitamin D. It was demonstrated that blood group O is more present in thalassemia patients (40%) whereas groups A, B, and AB, respectively, are present in 23%, 28%, 10% of patients. It can be concluded that patients with thalassemia are more frequent with blood type O followed by type B and, less frequently, blood type AB. Thalassemia, vitamin D, ferritin, ABO blood group system.
{"title":"DETERMINATION THE EFFECT OF IRON OVERLOAD ON VITAMIN D AND THE PERCENTAGE OF EACH BLOOD GROUPS IN PATIENTS WITH THALASSEMIA","authors":"Rusul Ali Al Masaoodi, Shumoos H Alwaid, Maryam Kadhim Al Shemery","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.239_periodico36_pgs_223_237.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.239_periodico36_pgs_223_237.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Thalassemia can be characterized as hereditary erythrocyte abnormalities resulting from the defect in the synthesis of the hemoglobin globin chain that leads to microcytic hypochromic anemia. This study aimed to find some relationship between the ABO system and thalassemia disease and to determine the relationship between ferritin and vitamin D in patients with thalassemia. This study estimated the level of Hb, ferritin, and vitamin D and also calculated the percentage of ABO blood types in thalassemia and non-thalassemia patients (control group). This study was conducted with 60 samples, 20 for the control group, and 40 for patients with thalassemia. The age of patients with thalassemia and controls ranged from 2 to 29 years. This study found a correlation between ferritin and vitamin D. The results demonstrated a significant reduction (p 0.05) of Hb and vitamin D, but a significant increase (p 0.05) in the concentration of ferritin. The study also found a nonsignificant negative relationship (p 0.05) between the level of ferritin and vitamin D. It was demonstrated that blood group O is more present in thalassemia patients (40%) whereas groups A, B, and AB, respectively, are present in 23%, 28%, 10% of patients. It can be concluded that patients with thalassemia are more frequent with blood type O followed by type B and, less frequently, blood type AB. Thalassemia, vitamin D, ferritin, ABO blood group system.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44913656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.430_periodico36_pgs_415_430.pdf
Saeed Bahrami, S. Saadatmand, S. Hajivand, M. Fath
Corylus avellana L., common hazelnut, is a globally cultivated economically valuable nut crop tree with a sensitivity to abiotic stresses remarkably low temperature. Its intensity varies based on the growth and developmental stage. The commercial consequences of cold stress on nut setting of hazelnuts are significant and practical approaches to address the problem are highly demanded. To tackle the issue of cold stress intolerance in C. avellana and provide producers with practical solutions, this study aimed to investigate the effects of various chemical substances on ten years old C. avellana trees under cold stress and its responses at the physiological and biochemical levels in leaves and female and male flowers. Hazelnut trees were treated with salicylic acid (3 mg L-1), potassium (2 mg L-1), thiofer (5 mg L-1), biobloom (66 mg L-1), and amino acid (0.5 mg L-1) in different treatments using the foliar spray under an average temperature of 4.13°C. It could be observed that the exogenous application of the compounds affected osmotic regulation (enhancement of protein and proline content) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase). In the case of the anthocyanin and photosynthetic pigments, the content of chlorophyll a, b, and total in leaves of trees treated by potassium with 217.38 ± 6.13, 66.23 ± 6.21, 150.66 ± 4.32, and 19.01 ± 2.20 mg g-1 fresh weight, showed the highest quantities. The leaves treated by salicylic acid had the highest content of carotenoid (289.62 ± 2.41). The same pattern can almost be applied to the range of these substances in male and female flowers. Although all five used helps C. avellana plants to overcome cold stress better, salicylic acid and potassium were the most effective. It can be concluded that the widespread commercial application of these chemical compounds to confer cold resistance to hazelnut trees is highly recommended.
{"title":"IMPROVING COLD STRESS TOLERANCE IN CORYLUS AVELLANA L. USING VARIOUS CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS","authors":"Saeed Bahrami, S. Saadatmand, S. Hajivand, M. Fath","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.430_periodico36_pgs_415_430.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.430_periodico36_pgs_415_430.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Corylus avellana L., common hazelnut, is a globally cultivated economically valuable nut crop tree with a sensitivity to abiotic stresses remarkably low temperature. Its intensity varies based on the growth and developmental stage. The commercial consequences of cold stress on nut setting of hazelnuts are significant and practical approaches to address the problem are highly demanded. To tackle the issue of cold stress intolerance in C. avellana and provide producers with practical solutions, this study aimed to investigate the effects of various chemical substances on ten years old C. avellana trees under cold stress and its responses at the physiological and biochemical levels in leaves and female and male flowers. Hazelnut trees were treated with salicylic acid (3 mg L-1), potassium (2 mg L-1), thiofer (5 mg L-1), biobloom (66 mg L-1), and amino acid (0.5 mg L-1) in different treatments using the foliar spray under an average temperature of 4.13°C. It could be observed that the exogenous application of the compounds affected osmotic regulation (enhancement of protein and proline content) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase). In the case of the anthocyanin and photosynthetic pigments, the content of chlorophyll a, b, and total in leaves of trees treated by potassium with 217.38 ± 6.13, 66.23 ± 6.21, 150.66 ± 4.32, and 19.01 ± 2.20 mg g-1 fresh weight, showed the highest quantities. The leaves treated by salicylic acid had the highest content of carotenoid (289.62 ± 2.41). The same pattern can almost be applied to the range of these substances in male and female flowers. Although all five used helps C. avellana plants to overcome cold stress better, salicylic acid and potassium were the most effective. It can be concluded that the widespread commercial application of these chemical compounds to confer cold resistance to hazelnut trees is highly recommended.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46973768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.202_periodico36_pgs_186_195.pdf
A. D. Kydyraliyeva, U. Besterekov, U. Nazarbek, A. Bolysbek, K. N. Urakov
Ammonium nitrate is the most common and useful nitrogen fertilizer globally, and its demand has decreased significantly due to its fire and explosion hazard. For the agricultural industry, compound fertilizers are most preferable. So, optimized technology’s development is an urgent task. This study aimed to develop NP-fertilizers technology based on the solution mixture of the evaporation’s first stage of the current production of ammonium nitrate and ground phosphate rock to obtain the target product with improved consumer and agrochemical properties. It was established optimal operating parameters of the technology for specific consumption of ammonium nitrate and ground phosphate rock. The results showed the ratio regulation of nutrient elements N/P2O5 in fertilizer formulations as 23/5%; 21/6%; 19/7%; 13/10%, and 11/11%. The method of rotatable planning-Box-Hunter second-order modeling was used to achieve the data. The independent variables’ influence – specific consumption of ammonium nitrate and ground phosphate rock on the nutrients’ content in the target products were determined. It has been established that two opposite processes accompany their change, that is, it increases by an increase in the specific consumption of ammonium nitrate with a simultaneous decrease in the specific consumption of ground phosphate rock, and vice versa; and it decreases with a decrease in the specific consumption of ammonium nitrate with a simultaneous increase in the particular consumption of ground phosphate rock in the initial mixture. An adequate regression equation was found for the independent variables’ influence on the nutrients’ ratios in products. It was shown that, with corresponding changes in the initial mixture from 0.36 t to 0.67t and 0.54t to 0.29t in the products, the N/ P2O5 ratios increased from 2.51 to 4.68. Moreover, it is possible to obtain a whole set of NP-fertilizers with improved agrochemical and consumer properties, with a total NP content of 25% to 28% in their composition. monium nitrate, ground phosphate rock, nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF AN NP-FERTILIZER PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY","authors":"A. D. Kydyraliyeva, U. Besterekov, U. Nazarbek, A. Bolysbek, K. N. Urakov","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.202_periodico36_pgs_186_195.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.202_periodico36_pgs_186_195.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Ammonium nitrate is the most common and useful nitrogen fertilizer globally, and its demand has decreased significantly due to its fire and explosion hazard. For the agricultural industry, compound fertilizers are most preferable. So, optimized technology’s development is an urgent task. This study aimed to develop NP-fertilizers technology based on the solution mixture of the evaporation’s first stage of the current production of ammonium nitrate and ground phosphate rock to obtain the target product with improved consumer and agrochemical properties. It was established optimal operating parameters of the technology for specific consumption of ammonium nitrate and ground phosphate rock. The results showed the ratio regulation of nutrient elements N/P2O5 in fertilizer formulations as 23/5%; 21/6%; 19/7%; 13/10%, and 11/11%. The method of rotatable\u0000planning-Box-Hunter second-order modeling was used to achieve the data. The independent variables’ influence – specific consumption of ammonium nitrate and ground phosphate rock on the nutrients’ content in the target products were determined. It has been established that two opposite processes accompany their change, that is, it increases by an increase in the specific consumption of ammonium nitrate with a simultaneous decrease in the specific consumption of ground phosphate rock, and vice versa; and it decreases with a decrease in the specific consumption of ammonium nitrate with a simultaneous increase in the particular consumption of ground phosphate rock in the initial mixture. An adequate regression equation was found for the independent variables’ influence on the nutrients’ ratios in products. It was shown that, with corresponding changes in the initial mixture from 0.36 t to 0.67t and 0.54t to 0.29t in the products, the N/ P2O5 ratios increased from 2.51 to 4.68. Moreover, it is possible to obtain a whole set of NP-fertilizers with improved agrochemical and consumer properties, with a total NP content of 25% to 28% in their composition. monium nitrate, ground phosphate rock, nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41426201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.964_periodico36_pgs_949_957.pdf
M. Flaih, Fadhil Abbas Al-Abady, K. Hussein
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a widespread health problem and considered one of the endemic diseases in Iraq. The dermal lesion occurs due to an obligate intracellular Leishmania parasite, which transmits by the bite of the infected female sandfly. This study aims to identify Leishmania species in Thi-Qar province/South of Iraq and detect IL-17 level in serum of infected patients with L. tropica. The study was conducted in three local locations, Al-Hussein Teaching, Al-Suq Al-Shyokh General, and Al-Shatrah General Hospitals in the province for the period from the beginning of November 2018 to the end of October 2019. After clinical diagnosis, eighty out of two hundred forty-seven samples were selected for molecular examination by nested-PCR technique, where the lesion edge was injected by normal saline and pulled again to obtain the parasite DNA. Also, a measure of the IL-17 concentration level in serum of the patients with ELISA. The findings of the electrophoresis of the kinetoplast minicircle DNA gene showed that 65 samples were positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis, and observed two species of Leishmania spp. in the study area, 46 (57.5%) samples were L. tropica at 750 bp and 19 (23.75%) samples were L. major. Serum IL-17 concentration recorded a significant increase among patients infected with L. tropica at different infection stages than control samples. Generally, the Nested-PCR technique is an accurate method for diagnosing clinical samples and molecular determination of Leishmania parasites. L. tropica is the dominant specie that caused CL in Thi-Qar province, while L. major recorded a low incidence.
皮肤利什曼病是一个广泛存在的健康问题，被认为是伊拉克的一种地方病。皮肤损伤是由专性细胞内利什曼原虫引起的，这种寄生虫通过受感染的雌性白蛉的叮咬传播。本研究旨在鉴定伊拉克南部Thi-Qar省的利什曼原虫种类，并检测热带利什曼原虫感染患者血清中IL-17的水平。该研究于2018年11月初至2019年10月底在该省的Al-Hussein教学、Al-Suq al - shykh综合医院和Al-Shatrah综合医院这三个地方进行。临床诊断后，从247份样本中选取80份，采用巢式pcr技术进行分子检测，病变边缘注射生理盐水，再次拉取，获得寄生虫DNA。同时，用ELISA法测定患者血清中IL-17的浓度水平。电泳结果显示，65份皮肤利什曼病检测呈阳性，共检出2种利什曼原虫，750 bp处为热带利什曼原虫46份(57.5%)，大利什曼原虫19份(23.75%)。不同感染阶段的热带乳杆菌感染者血清IL-17浓度均显著高于对照组。巢式pcr技术是利什曼原虫临床诊断和分子检测的一种准确方法。热带L.是造成青海省CL的优势种，大L.发病率较低。
{"title":"DETECTION OF PRO- INFLAMMATORY INTERLEUKIN 17 IN PATIENTS WITH L. TROPICA IN THI-QAR PROVINCE, IRAQ","authors":"M. Flaih, Fadhil Abbas Al-Abady, K. Hussein","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.964_periodico36_pgs_949_957.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.964_periodico36_pgs_949_957.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a widespread health problem and considered one of the endemic diseases in Iraq. The dermal lesion occurs due to an obligate intracellular Leishmania parasite, which transmits by the bite of the infected female sandfly. This study aims to identify Leishmania species in Thi-Qar province/South of Iraq and detect IL-17 level in serum of infected patients with L. tropica. The study was conducted in three local locations, Al-Hussein Teaching, Al-Suq Al-Shyokh General, and Al-Shatrah General Hospitals in the province for the period from the beginning of November 2018 to the end of October 2019. After clinical diagnosis, eighty out of two hundred forty-seven samples were selected for molecular examination by nested-PCR technique, where the lesion edge was injected by normal saline and pulled again to obtain the parasite DNA. Also,\u0000a measure of the IL-17 concentration level in serum of the patients with ELISA. The findings of the electrophoresis of the kinetoplast minicircle DNA gene showed that 65 samples were positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis, and observed two species of Leishmania spp. in the study area, 46 (57.5%) samples were L. tropica at 750 bp and 19 (23.75%) samples were L. major. Serum IL-17 concentration recorded a significant increase among patients infected with L. tropica at different infection stages than control samples. Generally, the Nested-PCR technique is an accurate method for diagnosing clinical samples and molecular determination of Leishmania parasites. L. tropica is the dominant specie that caused CL in Thi-Qar province, while L. major recorded a low incidence.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41254749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.306_periodico36_pgs_291_301.pdf
M. S. Aswood, Mustafa S Almusawi, N. Mahdi, Ansam F. Showard
Scientific research is giving interest in determining the concentrations of Radon in drinking water and sediments due to the occurrence of serious diseases related to this chemical element. The solubility of Radon in water (potable and underground) allows percolation in soils and rocks. The concentrations of Radon natural radioactivity were measured in drinking water and sediment at a wastewater treatment plant (Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq) using trace detector RAD7 and CR-39 (diffusion chamber, Landauer). Sampling was carried out at 20 samples (10 of drinking water and 10 of sediment). The results of radioactivity showed that the concentration of 222Rn in drinking water varies from 0.05 to 0.47 Bq/L, with an average of 0.24 Bq/L. However, the 222Rn concentrations in the sediment vary from 29.16 to 60.52 Bq/m3, with an average of 42.43 Bq/m3. From the results, it was possible to calculate the contribution of Radon to drinking water associated with age. The effective annual doses were found below the recommended limit. Radon concentrations in drinking water and sediment showed high levels of radioactivity compared to the natural limit. However, the same results indicated low radioactivity levels compared to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation and the World Health Organization. In this way, all drinking water at these stations is safe to use.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF COMMITTED EFFECTIVE DOSE OF RADON GAS IN DRINKING WATER IN AL-QADISIYAH PROVINCE, IRAQ","authors":"M. S. Aswood, Mustafa S Almusawi, N. Mahdi, Ansam F. Showard","doi":"10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.306_periodico36_pgs_291_301.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.306_periodico36_pgs_291_301.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Scientific research is giving interest in determining the concentrations of Radon in drinking water and sediments due to the occurrence of serious diseases related to this chemical element. The solubility of Radon in water (potable and underground) allows percolation in soils and rocks. The concentrations of Radon natural radioactivity were measured in drinking water and sediment at a wastewater treatment plant (Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq) using trace detector RAD7 and CR-39 (diffusion chamber, Landauer). Sampling was carried out at 20 samples (10 of drinking water and 10 of sediment). The results of radioactivity showed that the concentration of 222Rn in drinking water varies from 0.05 to 0.47 Bq/L, with an average of 0.24 Bq/L. However, the 222Rn concentrations in the sediment vary from 29.16 to 60.52 Bq/m3, with an average of 42.43 Bq/m3. From the results, it was possible to calculate the contribution of Radon to drinking water associated with age. The effective annual doses were found below the recommended limit. Radon concentrations in drinking water and sediment showed high levels of radioactivity compared to the natural limit. However, the same results indicated low radioactivity levels compared to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation and the World Health Organization. In this way, all drinking water at these stations is safe to use.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45103,"journal":{"name":"Periodico Tche Quimica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42340716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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