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A Quasi-Three-Dimensional Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Model of Yokeless and Segmented Armature Axial Flux Motors Considering Radial Segmentation Magnetic Coupling 考虑径向分段磁耦合的无轭和分段电枢轴向磁通电机准三维磁等效电路模型
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9941935
Xining Sun, Limei Wang, Xinggang Fan, Dawei Li, R. Qu, Jianying Chen
In this study, a quasi-three-dimensional (3D)magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) model of yokeless and segmented armature (YASA) axial flux permanent magnet motors is proposed to realize initial fast calculation of electromagnetic performances. In the model, 3D curvature and fringing effect, flux leakage, local saturation, and the nonlinearity of ferromagnetic materials are taken into account. Besides, a radial MEC is added to consider the radial magnetic field caused by magnetic coupling between different radial sections for more accurate calculation of magnetic density. The MEC model proposed in this paper can be used to quickly predict the performances of YASA motors, including no-load magnetic density distribution and values, no-load flux linkage, back electromotive force (EMF) and torque. To verify the reliability of the model, an aero-propulsion YASA motor is taken as example. The results calculated by MEC model are in good agreement with those obtained from 3D finite element method (FEM), and the calculation time is greatly reduced from hours of 3DFEM to seconds.
为了实现无轭分段电枢(YASA)轴向磁通永磁电机电磁性能的初始快速计算,提出了一种准三维(3D)磁等效电路(MEC)模型。该模型考虑了三维曲率和条纹效应、漏磁、局部饱和和铁磁材料的非线性。此外,为了更精确地计算磁密度,还增加了径向MEC,考虑了不同径向截面之间的磁耦合所产生的径向磁场。本文提出的MEC模型可以快速预测YASA电机的性能,包括空载磁密度分布和值、空载磁链、反电动势和转矩。为验证模型的可靠性,以某航空推进型YASA电机为例。MEC模型计算结果与三维有限元法(FEM)计算结果吻合较好,计算时间由三维有限元法的数小时大大缩短到数秒。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of Gate Driver Loop Inductance on SiC MOSFET Module Turn-on Gate Voltage Oscillation in High Power Application 栅极驱动环电感对大功率应用中SiC MOSFET模块导通栅极电压振荡的影响
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9941889
Nianzun Qi, Dongxin Jin, X. Ge, Cheng Luo
High power SiC MOSFET module has been widely used in HEV/EV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle/Electric Vehicle) traction inverters due to superior dynamic and static performance. However, the fast transient characteristic and inherent parasitic parameters could result in unexpected oscillation in the SiC MOSFET gate loop. This paper comprehensively analyzes the mechanism of gate-source voltage (vgs) oscillation during SiC MOSFET turn-on. Large power loop parasitic inductance would generate drain-source voltage (vds) oscillation, which could have adverse impact on gate-source voltage (vgs) through miller capacitor according to Kirchhoff’s Laws. Furthermore, large gate inductance from copper trace on PCB could exacerbate the vgs oscillation. Finally, simulation and experimental comparison between two driver board layouts reveal the influence of gate driver loop inductance on SiC MOSFET module turn-on gate voltage oscillation and validate the proposed PCB design recommendations.
大功率SiC MOSFET模块由于其优异的动、静态性能,在HEV/EV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle/电动车)牵引逆变器中得到了广泛的应用。然而,快速的瞬态特性和固有的寄生参数可能导致SiC MOSFET门环出现意外振荡。本文全面分析了SiC MOSFET导通过程中栅源电压振荡的机理。根据基尔霍夫定律,较大的功率回路寄生电感会产生漏源电压振荡,并通过米勒电容对栅极电压产生不利影响。此外,PCB上铜走线产生的较大栅极电感会加剧vgs振荡。最后,通过两种驱动板布局的仿真和实验比较,揭示了栅极驱动环路电感对SiC MOSFET模块导通栅极电压振荡的影响,并验证了所提出的PCB设计建议。
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引用次数: 0
Design of Self-Driven Evaporative Cooling System for Traction Converter 牵引变流器自驱动蒸发冷却系统设计
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9942138
Xiong Bin, Huang Kangjie, Wang Yan, Zhang Caixia, Ma Rui, Su Pengcheng
With the development of traction converter for electric locomotive toward large capacity, the heat dissipation of IGBT becomes increasingly serious. Based on the principle of self-driven evaporative cooling, a self-driven evaporative cooling scheme with cooling plate structure is proposed. A prototype of self-driven evaporative cooling system for traction converter is designed and developed using insulated organic liquid with high evaporative latent heat, low boiling point and non-flammable as coolant. The prototype runs steadily under the load of 15kW, and the temperature of the cooling plate does not exceed $83^{circ}C$ and the surface temperature difference does not exceed 3K. Compared with the traditional water cooling system, it achieves better cooling performance and provides a new reference for the future cooling system design of traction converter for electric locomotive.
随着电力机车牵引变换器向大容量方向发展,IGBT的散热问题日益严重。根据自驱动蒸发冷却原理,提出了一种冷却板结构的自驱动蒸发冷却方案。采用高蒸发潜热、低沸点、不可燃的绝缘有机液体作为冷却剂,设计并研制了牵引变流器自驱动蒸发冷却系统样机。样机在15kW负荷下稳定运行,冷却板温度不超过$83^{circ}C$,表面温差不超过3K。与传统水冷却系统相比,达到了更好的冷却性能,为今后电力机车牵引变换器冷却系统的设计提供了新的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid-Electric Propulsion UAVs 混合动力推进无人机的能量管理策略
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9942171
Hongwei Zhao, Xue Jiang, Li-quan He, Yu Wu, Fengming Ai, Xingzhuang Liang, Weilin Li
Compared with traditional unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) powered by fuel, pure electric UAVs are more environmentally friendly, but due to the low energy density of lithium batteries, the UAVs have a short sailing time, which has also become a fatal disadvantage of UAVs. Fuel cells are considered to be an ideal power generation device to improve the endurance and cruising distance of UAVs due to their high specific energy, non-polluting, and high conversion efficiency. However, the flight tasks of UAVs are complex and changeable, and fuel cells need to use energy storage batteries as auxiliary power sources. This paper focuses on the energy management system (EMS) of the UAV hybrid power system based on fuel cells-lithium battery-supercapacitor. The EMS in the paper is divided into an upper decision-making layer and a lower control layer. The upper decision-making layer obtains the optimal power distribution scheme of each power source through the model predictive control (MPC) energy management strategy based on the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) of hydrogen; The lower control layer obtains the power proportional relationship of each power supply from the decision-making layer and controls the output voltage and current of the relevant power supply modules to achieve stable operation of the whole system and reasonable power distribution.
纯电动无人机与传统燃油驱动的无人机相比,更加环保,但由于锂电池能量密度低,无人机的航行时间较短,这也成为无人机的致命劣势。燃料电池具有高比能、无污染、转换效率高等特点,被认为是提高无人机续航能力和巡航距离的理想发电装置。然而,无人机的飞行任务复杂多变,燃料电池需要使用储能电池作为辅助动力源。研究了基于燃料电池-锂电池-超级电容器的无人机混合动力系统能量管理系统。本文中的环境管理系统分为上层决策层和下层控制层。上层决策层通过基于氢气等效消耗最小化策略(ECMS)的模型预测控制(MPC)能量管理策略获得各电源的最优功率分配方案;下控制层从决策层获取各电源的功率比例关系,并控制相关电源模块的输出电压和电流,以实现整个系统的稳定运行和合理的功率分配。
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引用次数: 0
An Inertia Adjustment Control Strategy of Grid-Forming Electric Vehicle for V2G Application 面向V2G应用的成网电动汽车惯性调节控制策略
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9942024
Hang Li, Junfei Han, Chaoyu Yu, Zhini Yin, Yuqiang Wang, Min Chen, F. Jiang, Yifan Zhang
Electric vehicles have gradually become the mainstream means of transportation. As a way of energy storage, electric vehicles can participate in the flexible regulation of grid frequency. However, when a great quantity of electric vehicles are connected to the grid, the stability of the power system will be affected. On the one hand, the way grid-forming electric vehicles output the active power when they participate in grid frequency modulation is introduced. On the other hand, the inertia adjustment strategy is applied to the control of grid-forming electric vehicles, which limits the frequency change rate of inverters and optimizes the dynamic characteristics. Finally, an example of multiple grid-forming electric vehicles participating in power grid regulation is established to verify the control strategy.
电动汽车逐渐成为主流的交通工具。电动汽车作为一种储能方式,可以参与电网频率的灵活调节。然而,当大量的电动汽车并网时,将会影响电力系统的稳定性。一方面,介绍了并网电动汽车参与电网调频时输出有功功率的方式;另一方面,将惯性调节策略应用于并网电动汽车的控制中,限制了逆变器的频率变化率,优化了动态特性。最后,以多辆并网电动汽车参与电网调控为例,验证了该控制策略的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Open-Circuit Fault-Tolerant Control of Five-Phase PMSM Drives 五相永磁同步电机驱动器的开路容错控制
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9941794
Wen‐Long Huang, Minjie Huang, Liyan Luo, Jiacheng Du, Xiaofeng Zhu
Based on the optimal current control principle, a fault-tolerant control strategy is proposed for a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive with a single open-circuit fault (OCF). The fast Fourier transformation and the concept of undisturbed rotating magnetomotive force are utilized to deduce the optimal phase currents under faulty conditions. Meanwhile, the obtained currents are applied in conjunction with the model predictive current control to preserve torque capacity and minimize torque ripples of faulty drive systems. To reduce the computational burden, only ten large voltage vectors and one zero vector are employed in the cost function optimization. Consequently, simulations and experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
基于最优电流控制原理,提出了一种针对单相开路故障的五相永磁同步电动机(PMSM)驱动的容错控制策略。利用快速傅里叶变换和无扰动旋转磁动势的概念推导出故障条件下的最佳相电流。同时,将得到的电流与模型预测电流控制相结合,以保持故障驱动系统的转矩容量并使转矩波动最小化。为了减少计算量,在成本函数优化中只使用10个大电压矢量和1个零矢量。通过仿真和实验验证了所提控制方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Calculation of Inductance Parameters of Variable Reluctance Resolver Based on Modified Winding Function Method 基于修正绕组函数法的变磁阻变压器电感参数计算
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9942001
Yaqian Cai, Yichen Liu, Wenyin Zhu, Ronggang Ni
China’s high-market manufacturing industry has developed rapidly in recent years, industrial robots and other servo products have been widely used, and the position detection required by servo motor system has also developed rapidly. Among the common sensors, variable reluctance resolver stands out with its many advantages and is applied in many fields. The main analysis model in this paper is the internal motor of hybrid double stator motor. On the basis of modifying the air gap function and the coil turn distribution function, the Modified Winding Function Approach (MWFA) is used to analyze the model. Then another method, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), is also used to analyze the model. Comparing the results of the two methods, it can be seen that the results of MWFA also fluctuate in the results of FEA, and the phase is the same.
中国的高市场制造业近年来发展迅速,工业机器人等伺服产品得到了广泛应用,伺服电机系统所需的位置检测也得到了快速发展。在常用的传感器中,变磁阻变压器以其众多的优点脱颖而出,应用于许多领域。本文的主要分析模型是混合式双定子电机的内电机。在修正气隙函数和线圈匝数分布函数的基础上,采用修正绕组函数法(MWFA)对模型进行分析。然后采用另一种方法——有限元分析(FEA)对模型进行分析。对比两种方法的结果,可以看出MWFA的结果在FEA的结果中也有波动,且相位相同。
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引用次数: 1
Research on the Effect of Heat Pipe Inclination Angle on Temperature Distribution in Electrical Machines 电机热管倾角对温度分布影响的研究
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9941772
H. Zhao, Xiaochen Zhang, Xiaorui Zhu, Yue Zhang, Hongyu Yan, Zhihao Niu
Heat pipes (HPs) are being widely applied in the cooling systems of electrical machines with remarkable cooling effectiveness reported in the existing literature. However, attention is rarely paid to the effect of HP inclination angle on its thermal performance and resulted non-uniform temperature distribution issues in electrical machines. In this article, a dedicated experimental platform is established and the equivalent thermal conductivities of HPs at different inclination angles are accurately measured by experimental tests. On top of that, a 3-D thermal model based on a full-size stator-winding assembly where HPs are evenly inserted into the winding is built and the temperature distribution across the whole winding is comparatively studied under different cooling methods and thermal loads. The results show that the equivalent thermal conductivities of the HPs at different inclination angles vary more than five times, which leads to a maximum temperature difference of up to 4.317°C under the liquid cooling method.
热管在电机的冷却系统中得到了广泛的应用,已有文献报道热管具有显著的冷却效果。然而,人们很少关注高压倾角对其热性能的影响以及由此导致的电机温度分布不均匀问题。本文建立了专门的实验平台,通过实验测试,精确测量了不同倾角下hp的等效导热系数。在此基础上,建立了全尺寸定子-绕组均匀插入定子-绕组的三维热模型,对比研究了不同冷却方式和热负荷下整个定子-绕组的温度分布。结果表明:不同倾角下的热导率变化大于5倍,液冷方式下的最大温差可达4.317℃;
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Measurement and Compensation Method of Inverter Nonlinearity for Linear Induction Motor 一种新型线性感应电机逆变器非线性测量与补偿方法
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9941787
Mingyuan Zhang, Liming Shi, Manyi Fan, Jinhai Liu, Shijiong Zhou, Keyu Guo
This paper proposes a novel measurement and compensation method of the inverter nonlinearity for linear induction motor (LIM). The voltage source inverter is configured to operate as a single-phase full-bridge inverter, and the equivalent circuit is extracted. The stator resistance of LIM is obtained by least square (LS) method to reduce the calculation error. The inverter nonlinearity voltage error is analyzed and a model adapted to the DC bus voltage is extracted. By using voltage regulator, the nonlinear coefficients are solved under two different DC bus voltages and stored in the table. The nonlinear voltage error is calculated by the model using the look-up table (LUT) method. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of the nonlinear voltage error model and the feasibility of the nonlinear voltage error compensation.
提出了一种新型的线性感应电动机逆变器非线性测量与补偿方法。将电压源逆变器配置为单相全桥逆变器工作,提取等效电路。为了减小计算误差,采用最小二乘法计算了LIM的定子电阻。分析了逆变器的非线性电压误差,提取了适合于直流母线电压的模型。利用调压器,求解了两种不同直流母线电压下的非线性系数,并存储在表中。该模型采用查找表法计算非线性电压误差。实验结果验证了非线性电压误差模型的准确性和非线性电压误差补偿的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
High Power High Step-Up LLC Resonant Converter With Multimode For Aircraft Applications 多模高功率高升压LLC谐振变换器
Q4 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific56316.2022.9941823
Xuanlyu Wu, Xin Zhao, Shuangyi Zhong, Xiliang Chen, Bei Wang, Xiaohua Wu
In modern aircraft, there is a huge demand for high power high step-up DC/DC conversion from 2SV to 270V or even higher, such as Start Power Unit (SPU) and onboard backup power supply systems. Due to high efficiency, high power density, low EMI, and soft-switching capability, LLC resonant topology are widely used. Moreover, the simple control of LLC topology is benefit for control system design and system reliability. However, when it comes to High Power High StepUp (HPHS) applications, original LLC resonant topology will encounter some problems, resulting lower efficiency, lower power density, and poor parameter controllability. This paper first analyzed these problems, and then proposed a ms-LLC resonant topology with multiple working modes, which is suitable for HPHS applications on aircraft. A 3kW2SV/360V prototype of ms-LLC was designed, fabricated and tested. The feasibility of proposed topology is verified.
在现代飞机中,对从2SV到270V甚至更高的大功率高升压DC/DC转换有巨大的需求,例如启动电源单元(SPU)和机载备用电源系统。由于高效率、高功率密度、低电磁干扰和软开关性能,LLC谐振拓扑被广泛应用。此外,LLC拓扑的简单控制有利于控制系统的设计和系统的可靠性。然而,在高功率高阶跃(HPHS)应用中,原有的LLC谐振拓扑结构会遇到一些问题,导致效率低、功率密度低、参数可控性差。本文首先对这些问题进行了分析,然后提出了一种适用于飞机HPHS应用的多工作模式的ms-LLC谐振拓扑结构。设计、制作并测试了一个3kW2SV/360V的ms-LLC样机。验证了所提拓扑的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
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Asia-Pacific Journal-Japan Focus
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