Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932588
Alison Collis Greene
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Remembering Antônia Teixeira: A Story of Missions, Violence, and Institutional Hypocrisy</em> by Mikeal C. Parsons and João B. Chaves <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Alison Collis Greene </li> </ul> <em>Remembering Antônia Teixeira: A Story of Missions, Violence, and Institutional Hypocrisy</em>. By Mikeal C. Parsons and João B. Chaves. (Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2023. Pp. xvi, 224. $26.99, ISBN 978-0-8028-8309-4.) <p><em>Remembering Antônia Teixeira: A Story of Missions, Violence, and Institutional Hypocrisy</em> describes how nineteenth-century Southern Baptists, their Foreign Mission Board, and Baylor University cultivated “narratives of institutional goodness” by reframing and erasing the stories of two generations of Brazilian Baptists: Antônio Teixeira, Brazil’s first native-born Baptist pastor, and his daughter Antônia Teixeira, who was raped while living in the university president’s household (p. 10).</p> <p>Mikeal C. Parsons, a New Testament scholar at Baylor, and João B. Chaves, a historian of religion in the Americas, focus first on Antônio Teixeira and his encounters with Southern Baptist missionaries. Born to a wealthy white Brazilian Catholic family and educated in the best schools, Teixeira became a priest who courted political and personal controversy. At thirty-five, he either kidnapped or ran away with a seventeen-year-old girl, whom he married upon his conversion to Protestantism in 1878. In 1882, at age forty-two and having already become a Southern Baptist, Teixeira met two Baptist missionaries and joined their cause. Teixeira, not the bumbling Baptists, held the upper hand: “he was a highly educated, multilingual, well-connected, and nationally known leader who had learned to navigate his way around controversy” (p. 38). Though graduates of the best institutions that nineteenth-century Southern Baptists had to offer, the missionaries “were young, inexperienced, unsophisticated, monolingual, and undereducated” (p. 38). Teixeira was famous throughout his home country, first as a priest and then as an anti-Catholic firebrand. Yet when he died at forty-seven, the Baptist Church reframed his story to make him a local saint, a spiritual prodigy who took on the Catholics without upstaging the American Protestants who claimed his story.</p> <p>The second half of the book tells the story of Teixeira’s oldest child, his daughter Antônia, who traveled to Waco, Texas, with a missionary’s family in <strong>[End Page 636]</strong> July 1892. Baylor president Rufus C. Burleson promised to house Antônia and send her to Baylor in exchange for domestic work in his household. Soon the domestic labor superseded her student status, further isolating her. In 1894, Teixeira reported a series of rapes by Stein Morris, a neighbor and relative of the Burleson family
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要：评论者 缅怀安东尼娅-特谢拉：一个关于使命、暴力和体制虚伪的故事》，作者 Mikeal C. Parsons 和 João B. Chaves 艾莉森-科利斯-格林《缅怀安东尼娅-特谢拉：一个关于使命、暴力和体制虚伪的故事》。作者：Mikeal C. Parsons 和 João B. Chaves。(密歇根州大急流城：William B. Eerdmans 出版公司，2023 年。第 xvi、224 页。26.99美元，ISBN 978-0-8028-8309-4）。缅怀安东尼娅-特谢拉：一个关于传教、暴力和机构虚伪的故事》描述了 19 世纪南方浸信会、其对外传教委员会和贝勒大学如何通过重构和抹去两代巴西浸信会成员的故事来培养 "机构善意的叙事"：安东尼奥-特谢拉（Antônio Teixeira）是巴西第一位土生土长的浸礼会牧师，他的女儿安东尼娅-特谢拉（Antônia Teixeira）在大学校长家生活时遭到强奸（第 10 页）。贝勒大学的新约学者 Mikeal C. Parsons 和美洲宗教历史学家 João B. Chaves 首先重点介绍了 Antônio Teixeira 及其与南方浸信会传教士的接触。特谢拉出生于巴西一个富裕的白人天主教家庭，在最好的学校接受教育，后来成为一名牧师，在政治和个人方面都备受争议。35 岁时，他绑架或私奔了一名 17 岁的女孩，1878 年改信新教后与她结婚。1882 年，四十二岁的特谢拉加入了南方浸信会，并结识了两名浸信会传教士，加入了他们的事业。占据上风的是 Teixeira，而不是笨拙的浸礼会教徒："他受过高等教育，精通多种语言，人脉广泛，是全国知名的领袖，学会了在争议中游刃有余"（第 38 页）。传教士虽然毕业于 19 世纪南方浸信会最好的学校，但他们 "年轻、缺乏经验、不谙世事、语言单一、教育程度低"（第 38 页）。特谢拉在他的祖国声名显赫，先是作为一名牧师，后来又作为一名反天主教的狂热分子。然而，当他四十七岁去世时，浸礼会重新塑造了他的故事，使他成为当地的圣人，一个与天主教徒对抗的精神奇才，同时又不影响声称拥有他的故事的美国新教徒。本书的后半部分讲述了特谢拉的长子、他的女儿安东尼娅的故事，1892 年 7 月，安东尼娅随传教士一家来到得克萨斯州韦科 [第 636 页完]。贝勒大学校长鲁弗斯-C-伯勒森（Rufus C. Burleson）承诺为安托尼亚提供住所，并将她送到贝勒大学，作为交换，她将在他家从事家务劳动。很快，家务劳动取代了她的学生身份，使她更加孤立无援。1894 年，特谢拉举报了伯勒森家的邻居和亲戚斯坦因-莫里斯的一系列强奸行为。直到当地一位著名记者将此事公之于众，特谢拉的家人和法院才认真对待特谢拉的指控。帕森斯（Parsons）和查维斯（Chaves）绘声绘色地描述了这些侵犯行为，他们还追踪了一系列医疗和法庭证据--包括强奸犯婴儿的出生和死亡--这些证据支持了特谢拉对这些侵犯行为的描述。在舆论的漩涡中，伯利森卸任了贝勒大学校长一职。然而，他的恶名只是昙花一现；虽然韦科和贝勒大学将特谢拉从学校的故事中抹去，但都将伯利森作为贝勒大学独特的基督教见证的化身加以颂扬。缅怀安东尼娅-特谢拉》是一本不同寻常的书。尽管该书强调历史记忆和机构历史，但并没有大量涉及记忆研究或机构重拾历史。相反，该书以侦探小说的形式展开，试图将作者从档案中了解到的东西拼凑在一起，然后对各种回忆进行相互检验。该书对主要文本的仔细注释带有圣经学者的印记，对历史背景和相关文献的敏锐把握则带有美国宗教学者的印记。帕森斯和查维斯完成了一项非凡的成就：他们用浸信会熟悉的习语提出了一个具有学术性和说服力的案例，无论是对历史学家还是对听众来说，这个案例都应该是易懂可信的。他们展示了贝勒大学以及更广泛的美南浸信会所宣称的制度清白是如何让掠夺者肆意妄为的。在此过程中，他们提供了一个如何...
{"title":"Remembering Antônia Teixeira: A Story of Missions, Violence, and Institutional Hypocrisy by Mikeal C. Parsons and João B. Chaves (review)","authors":"Alison Collis Greene","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932588","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Remembering Antônia Teixeira: A Story of Missions, Violence, and Institutional Hypocrisy</em> by Mikeal C. Parsons and João B. Chaves <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Alison Collis Greene </li> </ul> <em>Remembering Antônia Teixeira: A Story of Missions, Violence, and Institutional Hypocrisy</em>. By Mikeal C. Parsons and João B. Chaves. (Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2023. Pp. xvi, 224. $26.99, ISBN 978-0-8028-8309-4.) <p><em>Remembering Antônia Teixeira: A Story of Missions, Violence, and Institutional Hypocrisy</em> describes how nineteenth-century Southern Baptists, their Foreign Mission Board, and Baylor University cultivated “narratives of institutional goodness” by reframing and erasing the stories of two generations of Brazilian Baptists: Antônio Teixeira, Brazil’s first native-born Baptist pastor, and his daughter Antônia Teixeira, who was raped while living in the university president’s household (p. 10).</p> <p>Mikeal C. Parsons, a New Testament scholar at Baylor, and João B. Chaves, a historian of religion in the Americas, focus first on Antônio Teixeira and his encounters with Southern Baptist missionaries. Born to a wealthy white Brazilian Catholic family and educated in the best schools, Teixeira became a priest who courted political and personal controversy. At thirty-five, he either kidnapped or ran away with a seventeen-year-old girl, whom he married upon his conversion to Protestantism in 1878. In 1882, at age forty-two and having already become a Southern Baptist, Teixeira met two Baptist missionaries and joined their cause. Teixeira, not the bumbling Baptists, held the upper hand: “he was a highly educated, multilingual, well-connected, and nationally known leader who had learned to navigate his way around controversy” (p. 38). Though graduates of the best institutions that nineteenth-century Southern Baptists had to offer, the missionaries “were young, inexperienced, unsophisticated, monolingual, and undereducated” (p. 38). Teixeira was famous throughout his home country, first as a priest and then as an anti-Catholic firebrand. Yet when he died at forty-seven, the Baptist Church reframed his story to make him a local saint, a spiritual prodigy who took on the Catholics without upstaging the American Protestants who claimed his story.</p> <p>The second half of the book tells the story of Teixeira’s oldest child, his daughter Antônia, who traveled to Waco, Texas, with a missionary’s family in <strong>[End Page 636]</strong> July 1892. Baylor president Rufus C. Burleson promised to house Antônia and send her to Baylor in exchange for domestic work in his household. Soon the domestic labor superseded her student status, further isolating her. In 1894, Teixeira reported a series of rapes by Stein Morris, a neighbor and relative of the Burleson family","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932592
Steven Noll
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making of a Healthier South, 1900–1955</em> by Kristine M. McCusker <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Steven Noll </li> </ul> <em>Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making of a Healthier South, 1900–1955</em>. By Kristine M. McCusker. (Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 302. Paper, $28.00, ISBN 978-0-252-08721-9; cloth, $125.00, ISBN 978-0-252-04508-0.) <p>In the past thirty years, much historical work has been done on cemeteries and rituals of death and mourning in the South. These books and articles have tied these rites of passage and commemoration to larger regional concerns of race, class, gender, and disability. Kristine M. McCusker’s new book, <em>Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making</em> <strong>[End Page 641]</strong> <em>of a Healthier South, 1900–1955</em>, adds to this literature by examining how southerners, both Black and white, dealt with issues surrounding death in the first half of the twentieth century in light of changing patterns of medicine, two world wars, a major pandemic, and the increasing presence of the federal government. She concludes that these changes “fashioned a new citizenship, albeit an incipient one, based on good health” (p. 177).</p> <p>McCusker starts her book in 1900, describing a region where death was omnipresent and often early, and where southerners struggled “to loosen the strong ties between death and the southern landscape” (p. 29). She examines southerners’ relationship with caring for the dying in light of religion, focusing on the biblical notion of the life cycle being “three score and ten” (seventy years old) and the implications of that for the region (p. 3). By stressing the changes in death rates and what she calls “life extension,” McCusker shows how rituals of death and mourning became tied together (p. 1). It became a “commercial system of death . . . with its elaborate rituals and consumer goods [becoming] . . . a new economic and political concern, not just a social and cultural one” (p. 46).</p> <p>The Progressive era, World War I, and the flu pandemic radically reshaped the southern death (and life) experience. Federal and private philanthropic interventions drastically reduced deaths from diseases such as diphtheria and hookworm in the first quarter of the twentieth century. McCusker is very good at stressing the importance of these outside involvements in changing not only patterns of death but also southern attitudes toward dying itself. Both Black and white southerners became less resigned to the fate of an early death and more positive about living a longer and more productive life. World War I and the flu pandemic produced differing response
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要：评论者： 足够让他体面地离开：Kristine M. McCusker 著 Steven Noll 译 Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making of a Healthier South, 1900-1955 Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent：死亡关怀、生命延续和更健康的南方的形成，1900-1955 年。作者：Kristine M. McCusker。(乌尔班纳、芝加哥和斯普林菲尔德：伊利诺伊大学出版社，2023 年。第 xiv、302 页。纸质版，28.00 美元，ISBN 978-0-252-08721-9；布质版，125.00 美元，ISBN 978-0-252-04508-0）。在过去的三十年里，人们对南方的墓地以及死亡和哀悼仪式进行了大量的历史研究。这些书籍和文章将这些仪式和纪念活动与种族、阶级、性别和残疾等更广泛的地区性问题联系在一起。Kristine M. McCusker 的新书《只需足够体面地把他送走》（Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent：这本书通过研究 20 世纪上半叶南方人（包括黑人和白人）如何在不断变化的医学模式、两次世界大战、一次大流行病以及联邦政府日益增强的影响力的背景下处理与死亡有关的问题，对上述文献进行了补充。她的结论是，这些变化 "塑造了一种新的公民身份，尽管这种身份刚刚萌芽，但以健康为基础"（第 177 页）。McCusker 的书从 1900 年开始，描述了一个死亡无处不在且往往很早的地区，南方人努力 "摆脱死亡与南方景观之间的紧密联系"（第 29 页）。她从宗教角度研究了南方人与照顾临终者之间的关系，重点关注《圣经》中关于生命周期为 "三岁零十岁"（七十岁）的概念及其对该地区的影响（第 3 页）。通过强调死亡率的变化和她所说的 "生命的延长"，McCusker 展示了死亡和哀悼仪式是如何联系在一起的（第 1 页）。它成为 "死亡的商业系统......其繁复的仪式和消费品[成为]......新的经济和政治关注点。......成为新的经济和政治问题，而不仅仅是社会和文化问题"（第 46 页）。进步时代、第一次世界大战和流感大流行从根本上重塑了南方的死亡（和生命）体验。20 世纪第一季度，联邦和私人慈善机构的干预大大减少了白喉和钩虫病等疾病造成的死亡。麦卡斯克非常善于强调这些外部干预不仅改变了死亡模式，还改变了南方人对死亡本身的态度。无论是黑人还是白人，南方人对早逝的命运都不再那么逆来顺受，而是更加积极地希望活得更长、更有价值。然而，第一次世界大战和流感大流行产生了不同的反应。对于南方白人来说，战争中的死亡勾起了他们对那一代人的回忆，他们为保护理想化的生活方式而战，可谓英勇无畏。对于南方黑人来说，战争死亡有着不同的意义。他们将死者视为有价值的公民身份的象征--一种不同形式的理想化生活，在这种生活中，种族并不重要。大流行病造成的死亡传达了不同的意义。士兵应该战死沙场，而不是被病菌杀死。McCusker 有先见之明地总结道："一种死亡是恰当的；另一种死亡则隐藏在一个健康的现代世界中"（第 81 页）。本书最精彩的章节描述了大萧条和第二次世界大战带来的变化。重要的联邦新政计划，如工程进度管理局、平民保护队、田纳西河流域管理局和社会保障，"建立了一个集中的医疗保健基础设施，同时创造了一种文化基础设施，将老年死亡护理定义为奇怪的、与众不同的，当然也是前现代的"（第 192 页）。第二次世界大战是第一次世界大战所引发问题的延伸，因为种族是南方人如何看待死亡和葬礼的重要因素。美国战役纪念碑委员会打破地区传统，将白人和黑人南方人合葬在海外和全国各地的大型国家公墓中。在麦卡斯克看来，这表明南方的死亡景观发生了更大的变化。她的结论是，"新政和二战后的世界 "所带来的变化为...
{"title":"Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making of a Healthier South, 1900–1955 by Kristine M. McCusker (review)","authors":"Steven Noll","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932592","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making of a Healthier South, 1900–1955</em> by Kristine M. McCusker <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Steven Noll </li> </ul> <em>Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making of a Healthier South, 1900–1955</em>. By Kristine M. McCusker. (Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 302. Paper, $28.00, ISBN 978-0-252-08721-9; cloth, $125.00, ISBN 978-0-252-04508-0.) <p>In the past thirty years, much historical work has been done on cemeteries and rituals of death and mourning in the South. These books and articles have tied these rites of passage and commemoration to larger regional concerns of race, class, gender, and disability. Kristine M. McCusker’s new book, <em>Just Enough to Put Him Away Decent: Death Care, Life Extension, and the Making</em> <strong>[End Page 641]</strong> <em>of a Healthier South, 1900–1955</em>, adds to this literature by examining how southerners, both Black and white, dealt with issues surrounding death in the first half of the twentieth century in light of changing patterns of medicine, two world wars, a major pandemic, and the increasing presence of the federal government. She concludes that these changes “fashioned a new citizenship, albeit an incipient one, based on good health” (p. 177).</p> <p>McCusker starts her book in 1900, describing a region where death was omnipresent and often early, and where southerners struggled “to loosen the strong ties between death and the southern landscape” (p. 29). She examines southerners’ relationship with caring for the dying in light of religion, focusing on the biblical notion of the life cycle being “three score and ten” (seventy years old) and the implications of that for the region (p. 3). By stressing the changes in death rates and what she calls “life extension,” McCusker shows how rituals of death and mourning became tied together (p. 1). It became a “commercial system of death . . . with its elaborate rituals and consumer goods [becoming] . . . a new economic and political concern, not just a social and cultural one” (p. 46).</p> <p>The Progressive era, World War I, and the flu pandemic radically reshaped the southern death (and life) experience. Federal and private philanthropic interventions drastically reduced deaths from diseases such as diphtheria and hookworm in the first quarter of the twentieth century. McCusker is very good at stressing the importance of these outside involvements in changing not only patterns of death but also southern attitudes toward dying itself. Both Black and white southerners became less resigned to the fate of an early death and more positive about living a longer and more productive life. World War I and the flu pandemic produced differing response","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932603
Penny Messinger
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Foxfire Book of Appalachian Women: Stories of Landscape and Community in the Mountain South</em> ed. by Kami Ahrens <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Penny Messinger </li> </ul> <em>The Foxfire Book of Appalachian Women: Stories of Landscape and Community in the Mountain South</em>. Edited by Kami Ahrens. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 268. Paper, $25.00, ISBN 978-1-4696-7003-4; cloth, $99.00, ISBN 978-1-4696-7002-7.) <p>Launched in 1966 in Rabun Gap, Georgia, <em>Foxfire</em> magazine was intended to foster intergenerational connections between high school students and older <strong>[End Page 656]</strong> community members, to preserve folkways, and to record traditional practices that were vanishing. Many people encountered Appalachia through <em>Foxfire</em> and continue to view the region through its lens. This book presents the stories of twenty-one women interviewed for the <em>Foxfire</em> project over the past five decades. The accounts are arranged chronologically, beginning with interviewees born around the turn of the twentieth century and continuing through the youngest, born in 1988. While the initial focus of <em>Foxfire</em> was on elderly people, its later profiles are of much younger women. Many of the women profiled in this volume were interviewed multiple times, and the contents of these interviews were combined and edited into shorter versions (ten to fifteen pages each) that highlight specific topics, issues, and time periods, while also using the women’s own words to convey their individual stories. The major themes of this volume include the transformation of land use and the changes in mountain communities over more than a century; economic hardship; the legacies of enslavement and racism; Cherokee and Catawba perspectives; growing national and global connections; women’s relationship to the land and their role in agriculture and food preparation; and growing economic disparities in the area. Individual accounts also focus on such topics as weaving, hunting, pottery-making, herbalism and healing, religion, segregation, trauma, and migration.</p> <p>The greatest strength of the book is its demonstration of the diversity of women’s identities and experiences, which challenges some of the most persistent stereotypes about Appalachian women. The profiles include a breadth of experiences and ethnicities. There are accounts by twelve white, four Black, two Cherokee, one Catawba, and two immigrant women, who together represent a wide variety of socioeconomic statuses and experiences. Highlighting the changing roles and occupations of women in the region is another through-line in the book. While earlier accounts foreground traditional expectations and restrictions related to marriage, child-rearing, and household management facing women, accoun
{"title":"The Foxfire Book of Appalachian Women: Stories of Landscape and Community in the Mountain South ed. by Kami Ahrens (review)","authors":"Penny Messinger","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932603","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Foxfire Book of Appalachian Women: Stories of Landscape and Community in the Mountain South</em> ed. by Kami Ahrens <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Penny Messinger </li> </ul> <em>The Foxfire Book of Appalachian Women: Stories of Landscape and Community in the Mountain South</em>. Edited by Kami Ahrens. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 268. Paper, $25.00, ISBN 978-1-4696-7003-4; cloth, $99.00, ISBN 978-1-4696-7002-7.) <p>Launched in 1966 in Rabun Gap, Georgia, <em>Foxfire</em> magazine was intended to foster intergenerational connections between high school students and older <strong>[End Page 656]</strong> community members, to preserve folkways, and to record traditional practices that were vanishing. Many people encountered Appalachia through <em>Foxfire</em> and continue to view the region through its lens. This book presents the stories of twenty-one women interviewed for the <em>Foxfire</em> project over the past five decades. The accounts are arranged chronologically, beginning with interviewees born around the turn of the twentieth century and continuing through the youngest, born in 1988. While the initial focus of <em>Foxfire</em> was on elderly people, its later profiles are of much younger women. Many of the women profiled in this volume were interviewed multiple times, and the contents of these interviews were combined and edited into shorter versions (ten to fifteen pages each) that highlight specific topics, issues, and time periods, while also using the women’s own words to convey their individual stories. The major themes of this volume include the transformation of land use and the changes in mountain communities over more than a century; economic hardship; the legacies of enslavement and racism; Cherokee and Catawba perspectives; growing national and global connections; women’s relationship to the land and their role in agriculture and food preparation; and growing economic disparities in the area. Individual accounts also focus on such topics as weaving, hunting, pottery-making, herbalism and healing, religion, segregation, trauma, and migration.</p> <p>The greatest strength of the book is its demonstration of the diversity of women’s identities and experiences, which challenges some of the most persistent stereotypes about Appalachian women. The profiles include a breadth of experiences and ethnicities. There are accounts by twelve white, four Black, two Cherokee, one Catawba, and two immigrant women, who together represent a wide variety of socioeconomic statuses and experiences. Highlighting the changing roles and occupations of women in the region is another through-line in the book. While earlier accounts foreground traditional expectations and restrictions related to marriage, child-rearing, and household management facing women, accoun","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932562
Thomas J. Little
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670–1825</em> by Edward Pearson <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Thomas J. Little </li> </ul> <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670–1825</em>. By Edward Pearson. (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2024. Pp. x, 510. $65.00, ISBN 978-1-5128-2438-4.) <p>Drawing on the scholarship of Ira Berlin, Edward Pearson’s <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670–1825</em> offers a panoramic history of slavery in South Carolina from 1670 through the Denmark Vesey conspiracy of 1822, with a special focus on how African Americans experienced slavery in different geographic settings over time. The wide variety of slaveholding practices and the revolutionary changes that occurred within slavery after the institution’s founding in South Carolina created a multitude of experiences of slavery across generations, from region to region, and between historical periods. <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers</em> places stress on the dynamic process of how enslaved people’s lives changed and evolved as African American slavery grew and expanded geographically over 150 years of South Carolina history. Pearson’s book emerges with an important interpretive message that makes geographic and temporal considerations central to understanding the full dimensions of slavery in South Carolina during the colonial, Revolutionary, and antebellum years. As the author puts it, “Only by disaggregating slavery in South Carolina—the mosaic of distinctive relationships between enslaved people and their enslavers across time and space—may we grasp the diverse ecologies, populations, economies, practices, and traditions that gave each moment of rebellion or mundane survival its unique dynamic” (p. 3).</p> <p>Pearson draws together the work of the principal historians who have written about South Carolina slavery while carefully linking his study to developments in Atlantic history. His book offers a systematic exploration of South <strong>[End Page 603]</strong> Carolina’s Caribbean roots, shows how the colony began its existence with a preference for the use of captive African labor, explains how rice cultivation transformed the province into a full-fledged slave society, surveys the experiences of enslaved people in towns and the countryside prior to the Stono Rebellion, describes the organization of eighteenth-century plantation management, and explores how slavery expanded into the backcountry during the late colonial period. Pearson writes that as commercial farming emerged along the colony’s frontier, “the household and the church became the foundations on which slavery rested; accordingly, the institution’s trajectory in the upcountry to
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要：评论者 The Enslaved and Their Enslavers：Edward Pearson Thomas J. Little 著 The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670-1825：南卡罗来纳州的权力、反抗与文化，1670-1825 年》。Edward Pearson 著。(费城：费城：宾夕法尼亚大学出版社，2024 年。第 x 页，共 510 页。65.00美元，ISBN 978-1-5128-2438-4）。Edward Pearson 的《The Enslaved and Their Enslavers：爱德华-皮尔逊（Edward Pearson）的《被奴役者和他们的奴隶主：1670-1825 年南卡罗来纳州的权力、反抗和文化》（The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670-1825 ）一书全景式地展现了南卡罗来纳州从 1670 年到 1822 年丹麦-维西（Denmark Vesey）阴谋期间的奴隶制历史，并特别关注非裔美国人在不同时期不同地理环境中如何经历奴隶制。在南卡罗来纳州建立奴隶制后，奴隶制内部出现了各种各样的做法和革命性的变化，这就造成了不同世代、不同地区和不同历史时期的人对奴隶制的多种体验。在南卡罗来纳州 150 年的历史中，随着非裔美国人奴隶制的发展和地域扩张，被奴役者的生活发生了怎样的变化和发展，《被奴役者和他们的奴役者》强调了这一动态过程。皮尔逊的这本书传达了一个重要的解释信息，即地理和时间因素是理解南卡罗来纳州殖民时期、革命时期和前贝鲁姆时期奴隶制全貌的核心。正如作者所说，"只有将南卡罗来纳州的奴隶制--被奴役者与奴役者之间跨越时间和空间的独特关系的马赛克--分解开来，我们才能掌握赋予每一个反叛或世俗生存时刻以独特动力的不同生态、人口、经济、习俗和传统"（第 3 页）。皮尔逊汇集了主要历史学家关于南卡罗来纳州奴隶制的研究成果，同时将他的研究与大西洋历史的发展紧密联系在一起。他在书中系统地探讨了南 [完 第 603 页] 卡罗来纳州的加勒比根源，展示了该殖民地在建立之初是如何倾向于使用非洲俘虏劳工的，解释了水稻种植是如何将该省转变为一个成熟的奴隶社会的，考察了斯托诺叛乱之前城镇和农村中被奴役者的经历，描述了 18 世纪种植园管理的组织形式，并探讨了奴隶制在殖民地晚期是如何扩展到后方的。皮尔逊写道，随着殖民地前沿商业性农业的兴起，"家庭和教会成为奴隶制赖以生存的基础；因此，奴隶制在上游地区的发展轨迹与下游地区的种植园综合体不同"（第 170 页）。在 17 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代，南卡罗来纳州成为一个因财富而窒息、因非同寻常的分歧而四分五裂的社会，殖民地几乎陷于瘫痪。对奴隶暴动的恐惧和关于英国打算废除奴隶制的煽动性谣言在白人殖民者中造成了恐惧危机，从而催化了革命战争。与此同时，被奴役者开始使用自由的语言，同时寻求新的机会来确保他们的自由，这为该省强大的奴隶制提供了额外的动机，使他们开始了一场十字军东征，"以捍卫和确保他们的地位、权力、身份和生计所依赖的制度"（第 213 页）。Pearson 在叙述中追溯了这场斗争从美国革命一直延续到革命后的历史，为南卡罗来纳州的历史增添了新的引人入胜的见解。然后，他用一章的篇幅介绍了南卡罗来纳州的短绒棉花繁荣，最后用重要章节介绍了备受争议的丹麦维西阴谋及其后果。维西和其他 34 名被控参与阴谋的人被处决后，官员们采取了新的限制措施，进一步限制了受奴役和自由黑人的生活，随着国家走向分裂，南卡罗来纳州的政治也变得更加激进。总之，《被奴役者和他们的奴役者》是一本重要的著作，为历史学增添了重要的新论点。皮尔逊使用了大量令人印象深刻的资料，提出了地理和年代因素是真正理解南卡罗来纳州奴隶制的关键这一观点。他的著作质量极高，将在南卡罗来纳州奴隶制研究的万神殿中占据重要地位。托马斯-J.-利特尔-埃默里和亨利...
{"title":"The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670–1825 by Edward Pearson (review)","authors":"Thomas J. Little","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932562","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670–1825</em> by Edward Pearson <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Thomas J. Little </li> </ul> <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670–1825</em>. By Edward Pearson. (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2024. Pp. x, 510. $65.00, ISBN 978-1-5128-2438-4.) <p>Drawing on the scholarship of Ira Berlin, Edward Pearson’s <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers: Power, Resistance, and Culture in South Carolina, 1670–1825</em> offers a panoramic history of slavery in South Carolina from 1670 through the Denmark Vesey conspiracy of 1822, with a special focus on how African Americans experienced slavery in different geographic settings over time. The wide variety of slaveholding practices and the revolutionary changes that occurred within slavery after the institution’s founding in South Carolina created a multitude of experiences of slavery across generations, from region to region, and between historical periods. <em>The Enslaved and Their Enslavers</em> places stress on the dynamic process of how enslaved people’s lives changed and evolved as African American slavery grew and expanded geographically over 150 years of South Carolina history. Pearson’s book emerges with an important interpretive message that makes geographic and temporal considerations central to understanding the full dimensions of slavery in South Carolina during the colonial, Revolutionary, and antebellum years. As the author puts it, “Only by disaggregating slavery in South Carolina—the mosaic of distinctive relationships between enslaved people and their enslavers across time and space—may we grasp the diverse ecologies, populations, economies, practices, and traditions that gave each moment of rebellion or mundane survival its unique dynamic” (p. 3).</p> <p>Pearson draws together the work of the principal historians who have written about South Carolina slavery while carefully linking his study to developments in Atlantic history. His book offers a systematic exploration of South <strong>[End Page 603]</strong> Carolina’s Caribbean roots, shows how the colony began its existence with a preference for the use of captive African labor, explains how rice cultivation transformed the province into a full-fledged slave society, surveys the experiences of enslaved people in towns and the countryside prior to the Stono Rebellion, describes the organization of eighteenth-century plantation management, and explores how slavery expanded into the backcountry during the late colonial period. Pearson writes that as commercial farming emerged along the colony’s frontier, “the household and the church became the foundations on which slavery rested; accordingly, the institution’s trajectory in the upcountry to","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932570
Lindsay Schakenbach Regele
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Banking on Slavery: Financing Southern Expansion in the Antebellum United States</em> by Sharon Ann Murphy <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Lindsay Schakenbach Regele </li> </ul> <em>Banking on Slavery: Financing Southern Expansion in the Antebellum United States</em>. By Sharon Ann Murphy. American Beginnings, 1500–1900. (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2023. Pp. x, 419. Paper, $35.00, ISBN 978-0-226-82513-7; cloth, $105.00, ISBN 978-0-226-82459-8.) <p>Until now, we have not understood in precise detail how southern banks made possible the spread and growth of slavery in the United States. Sharon Ann Murphy, a master at explaining and analyzing the nitty-gritty of how <strong>[End Page 613]</strong> financial institutions and practices worked, has completed yet another act of scholarly service by hunting down the extant records of obscure banking transactions. The sources she has cobbled together from at least fifteen states allow us to see the grotesque relationship among “southern banks, the slaveholders who were their customers, and the enslaved people used as collateral” (p. 11). Previous scholars have attempted to understand how white southerners financed the “rapid settlement of the Southwest,” but while they have focused on, for example, mortgages and investors, Murphy is the first to look at commercial banks (p. 7). The book moves from the turn of the nineteenth century up to the Civil War and then closes with an epilogue grappling with the long aftermath of the Thirteenth Amendment and the complicated “question of who should absorb the pecuniary loss of enslaved individuals” (p. 318). That query is one of the jarring questions this book seeks to answer regarding the violent subjugation of an individual’s humanity by mortgage and court negotiations.</p> <p><em>Banking on Slavery: Financing Southern Expansion in the Antebellum United States</em> begins with a tour through New Orleans, whose slave auction “was the physical embodiment of the South’s full embrace and celebration of slavery as the engine behind its antebellum economic prosperity,” which sets the stage for Murphy to ask how banks managed to finance the movement of enslaved individuals from the auction to the frontier (p. 7). The book is divided into three parts, each of which offers stark details about how individual enslavers kept growing their wealth out of indebtedness. In response to the demands of white people moving into the frontier, the early conservative banking practice of providing short-term loans backed by business paper, banknotes, and a limited supply of silver and gold gave way to much riskier long-term loans secured directly by land and human property. Louisiana banks engaged in some of the riskiest practices; Alabama banks, the least. These riskier practices culminated in the Panics of 1837 and
{"title":"Banking on Slavery: Financing Southern Expansion in the Antebellum United States by Sharon Ann Murphy (review)","authors":"Lindsay Schakenbach Regele","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932570","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Banking on Slavery: Financing Southern Expansion in the Antebellum United States</em> by Sharon Ann Murphy <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Lindsay Schakenbach Regele </li> </ul> <em>Banking on Slavery: Financing Southern Expansion in the Antebellum United States</em>. By Sharon Ann Murphy. American Beginnings, 1500–1900. (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2023. Pp. x, 419. Paper, $35.00, ISBN 978-0-226-82513-7; cloth, $105.00, ISBN 978-0-226-82459-8.) <p>Until now, we have not understood in precise detail how southern banks made possible the spread and growth of slavery in the United States. Sharon Ann Murphy, a master at explaining and analyzing the nitty-gritty of how <strong>[End Page 613]</strong> financial institutions and practices worked, has completed yet another act of scholarly service by hunting down the extant records of obscure banking transactions. The sources she has cobbled together from at least fifteen states allow us to see the grotesque relationship among “southern banks, the slaveholders who were their customers, and the enslaved people used as collateral” (p. 11). Previous scholars have attempted to understand how white southerners financed the “rapid settlement of the Southwest,” but while they have focused on, for example, mortgages and investors, Murphy is the first to look at commercial banks (p. 7). The book moves from the turn of the nineteenth century up to the Civil War and then closes with an epilogue grappling with the long aftermath of the Thirteenth Amendment and the complicated “question of who should absorb the pecuniary loss of enslaved individuals” (p. 318). That query is one of the jarring questions this book seeks to answer regarding the violent subjugation of an individual’s humanity by mortgage and court negotiations.</p> <p><em>Banking on Slavery: Financing Southern Expansion in the Antebellum United States</em> begins with a tour through New Orleans, whose slave auction “was the physical embodiment of the South’s full embrace and celebration of slavery as the engine behind its antebellum economic prosperity,” which sets the stage for Murphy to ask how banks managed to finance the movement of enslaved individuals from the auction to the frontier (p. 7). The book is divided into three parts, each of which offers stark details about how individual enslavers kept growing their wealth out of indebtedness. In response to the demands of white people moving into the frontier, the early conservative banking practice of providing short-term loans backed by business paper, banknotes, and a limited supply of silver and gold gave way to much riskier long-term loans secured directly by land and human property. Louisiana banks engaged in some of the riskiest practices; Alabama banks, the least. These riskier practices culminated in the Panics of 1837 and","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932575
Katharine Lane Antolini
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Heartsick and Astonished: Divorce in Civil War–Era West Virginia</em> ed. by Allison Dorothy Fredette <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Katharine Lane Antolini </li> </ul> <em>Heartsick and Astonished: Divorce in Civil War–Era West Virginia</em>. Edited by Allison Dorothy Fredette. New Perspectives on the Civil War Era. (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 288. Paper, $32.95, ISBN 978-0-8203-6428-8; cloth, $114.95, ISBN 978-0-8203-6427-8.) <p>In <em>Heartsick and Astonished: Divorce in Civil War–Era West Virginia</em>, Allison Dorothy Fredette offers twenty-seven divorce cases between 1850 and <strong>[End Page 619]</strong> 1873 from Ohio County, (West) Virginia. This region is significant, according to Fredette, due to the extent of economic, political, and social transition it experienced in the mid-nineteenth century. It was a region gripped by the Civil War and a statehood movement with the county seat, the city of Wheeling, providing the leadership for the formation of West Virginia in 1863. Rapid transformations forced the construction of a new regional identity in which changes in divorce law were one small reflection. Wheeling, as Fredette explains, “was a city of free Blacks, enslaved people, and immigrants, of industry and agriculture, southern by geography and northern by nature” (p. 11). These dynamics were embodied within the bills of divorce, testimonies, and evidentiary letters submitted on behalf of the men and women wishing to end a marriage.</p> <p>Fredette begins with a thorough introduction that provides the reader with the necessary historical context to begin the exploration of divorce cases included in the book. The selected records offer a snapshot of a community’s social change across a twenty-year period, according to Fredette, and she includes a discussion of the local and national socioeconomic changes captured for that period. I was especially drawn to her discussion of expanding and conflicting gender roles as exposed within the divorce suits. The changing divorce laws reflected the evolving debates about women’s legal and economic rights and the new cultural expectations of an emotionally fulfilling marriage and family life. Women were both the oratrix (plaintiff) and the defendant in these cases. As plaintiffs, women sought divorce on grounds of adultery, abandonment, and cruelty, unwilling to suffer any longer in silence. As defendants, women found the soiling of their reputation to be an acceptable sacrifice for freedom from a restrictive marriage and unhappy life. Many chose to ignore the summons to appear in court in their own defense.</p> <p>Placing the divorce cases within the context of the Civil War and its aftermath reveals another level of women’s wartime experiences. Fredette documents a 284 percent increase in the Ohio County divorce rate
{"title":"Heartsick and Astonished: Divorce in Civil War–Era West Virginia ed. by Allison Dorothy Fredette (review)","authors":"Katharine Lane Antolini","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932575","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Heartsick and Astonished: Divorce in Civil War–Era West Virginia</em> ed. by Allison Dorothy Fredette <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Katharine Lane Antolini </li> </ul> <em>Heartsick and Astonished: Divorce in Civil War–Era West Virginia</em>. Edited by Allison Dorothy Fredette. New Perspectives on the Civil War Era. (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 288. Paper, $32.95, ISBN 978-0-8203-6428-8; cloth, $114.95, ISBN 978-0-8203-6427-8.) <p>In <em>Heartsick and Astonished: Divorce in Civil War–Era West Virginia</em>, Allison Dorothy Fredette offers twenty-seven divorce cases between 1850 and <strong>[End Page 619]</strong> 1873 from Ohio County, (West) Virginia. This region is significant, according to Fredette, due to the extent of economic, political, and social transition it experienced in the mid-nineteenth century. It was a region gripped by the Civil War and a statehood movement with the county seat, the city of Wheeling, providing the leadership for the formation of West Virginia in 1863. Rapid transformations forced the construction of a new regional identity in which changes in divorce law were one small reflection. Wheeling, as Fredette explains, “was a city of free Blacks, enslaved people, and immigrants, of industry and agriculture, southern by geography and northern by nature” (p. 11). These dynamics were embodied within the bills of divorce, testimonies, and evidentiary letters submitted on behalf of the men and women wishing to end a marriage.</p> <p>Fredette begins with a thorough introduction that provides the reader with the necessary historical context to begin the exploration of divorce cases included in the book. The selected records offer a snapshot of a community’s social change across a twenty-year period, according to Fredette, and she includes a discussion of the local and national socioeconomic changes captured for that period. I was especially drawn to her discussion of expanding and conflicting gender roles as exposed within the divorce suits. The changing divorce laws reflected the evolving debates about women’s legal and economic rights and the new cultural expectations of an emotionally fulfilling marriage and family life. Women were both the oratrix (plaintiff) and the defendant in these cases. As plaintiffs, women sought divorce on grounds of adultery, abandonment, and cruelty, unwilling to suffer any longer in silence. As defendants, women found the soiling of their reputation to be an acceptable sacrifice for freedom from a restrictive marriage and unhappy life. Many chose to ignore the summons to appear in court in their own defense.</p> <p>Placing the divorce cases within the context of the Civil War and its aftermath reveals another level of women’s wartime experiences. Fredette documents a 284 percent increase in the Ohio County divorce rate ","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932602
Brian Daugherity
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Rhetorical Road to Brown v. Board of Education: Elizabeth and Waties Waring’s Campaign</em> by Wanda Little Fenimore <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Brian Daugherity </li> </ul> <em>The Rhetorical Road to <span>Brown v. Board of Education</span>: Elizabeth and Waties Waring’s Campaign</em>. By Wanda Little Fenimore. Race, Rhetoric, and Media Series. (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2023. Pp. x, 240. Paper, $30.00, ISBN 978-1-4968-4397-5; cloth, $99.00, ISBN 978-1-4968-4396-8.) <p>Scholars and others interested in the Jim Crow era, southern race relations, South Carolina history, political disenfranchisement, school segregation, and <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em> (1954) will find Wanda Little Fenimore’s <em>The Rhetorical Road to</em> Brown v. Board of Education<em>: Elizabeth and Waties Waring’s Campaign</em> of interest. This book examines the judicial rulings of federal district court judge Waties Waring of South Carolina, along with Judge Waring’s advocacy and that of his second wife, Elizabeth Waring, in the years preceding the <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em> decision. <em>The Rhetorical Road</em> argues that scholars have thus far neglected to fully consider the impact of the Warings’ speeches, interviews, and correspondence in the legal campaign to overturn <em>Plessy v. Ferguson</em> (1896). Fenimore’s account focuses on the Warings’ “rhetorical campaign” to end racial segregation, which spanned from Judge Waring’s involvement in a notable civil rights case in 1949 to his retirement and the couple’s relocation to New York City in 1952 (p. 5). Using the lens of rhetorical studies and the scholarship of speech and communication, Fenimore argues that the Warings carefully orchestrated a campaign of more than thirty public addresses, interviews, and other actions to bring about the end of segregation and racial injustice. The book also analyzes the motivations of Elizabeth and Waties, their personal and historical context, and reactions to the Warings’ actions.</p> <p><em>The Rhetorical Road</em> is an easily digestible and a well-researched account of the Warings’ activism and their historical context. The book is composed of eight chapters, along with an introduction and a conclusion, and is arranged chronologically. There is some overlap between chapters and some repetition, especially when the author seeks to reiterate the book’s principal arguments and impact. The story begins with the beating of Sergeant Isaac Woodard Jr. by police chief Lynwood Shull in Batesburg, South Carolina, in 1946, and the subsequent trial of Shull overseen by Judge Waring. Fenimore argues that Shull’s acquittal, and the trial generally, served as Elizabeth Waring’s “‘baptism in racial prejudice’” and as a motivating factor in the determination of both Warings to publicly combat racial ine
{"title":"The Rhetorical Road to Brown v. Board of Education: Elizabeth and Waties Waring's Campaign by Wanda Little Fenimore (review)","authors":"Brian Daugherity","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932602","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Rhetorical Road to Brown v. Board of Education: Elizabeth and Waties Waring’s Campaign</em> by Wanda Little Fenimore <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Brian Daugherity </li> </ul> <em>The Rhetorical Road to <span>Brown v. Board of Education</span>: Elizabeth and Waties Waring’s Campaign</em>. By Wanda Little Fenimore. Race, Rhetoric, and Media Series. (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2023. Pp. x, 240. Paper, $30.00, ISBN 978-1-4968-4397-5; cloth, $99.00, ISBN 978-1-4968-4396-8.) <p>Scholars and others interested in the Jim Crow era, southern race relations, South Carolina history, political disenfranchisement, school segregation, and <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em> (1954) will find Wanda Little Fenimore’s <em>The Rhetorical Road to</em> Brown v. Board of Education<em>: Elizabeth and Waties Waring’s Campaign</em> of interest. This book examines the judicial rulings of federal district court judge Waties Waring of South Carolina, along with Judge Waring’s advocacy and that of his second wife, Elizabeth Waring, in the years preceding the <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em> decision. <em>The Rhetorical Road</em> argues that scholars have thus far neglected to fully consider the impact of the Warings’ speeches, interviews, and correspondence in the legal campaign to overturn <em>Plessy v. Ferguson</em> (1896). Fenimore’s account focuses on the Warings’ “rhetorical campaign” to end racial segregation, which spanned from Judge Waring’s involvement in a notable civil rights case in 1949 to his retirement and the couple’s relocation to New York City in 1952 (p. 5). Using the lens of rhetorical studies and the scholarship of speech and communication, Fenimore argues that the Warings carefully orchestrated a campaign of more than thirty public addresses, interviews, and other actions to bring about the end of segregation and racial injustice. The book also analyzes the motivations of Elizabeth and Waties, their personal and historical context, and reactions to the Warings’ actions.</p> <p><em>The Rhetorical Road</em> is an easily digestible and a well-researched account of the Warings’ activism and their historical context. The book is composed of eight chapters, along with an introduction and a conclusion, and is arranged chronologically. There is some overlap between chapters and some repetition, especially when the author seeks to reiterate the book’s principal arguments and impact. The story begins with the beating of Sergeant Isaac Woodard Jr. by police chief Lynwood Shull in Batesburg, South Carolina, in 1946, and the subsequent trial of Shull overseen by Judge Waring. Fenimore argues that Shull’s acquittal, and the trial generally, served as Elizabeth Waring’s “‘baptism in racial prejudice’” and as a motivating factor in the determination of both Warings to publicly combat racial ine","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141722328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932576
Maurice Adkins
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Knowing Him by Heart: African Americans on Abraham Lincoln</em> ed. by Fred Lee Hord and Matthew D. Norman <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Maurice Adkins </li> </ul> <em>Knowing Him by Heart: African Americans on Abraham Lincoln</em>. Edited by Fred Lee Hord and Matthew D. Norman. Knox College Lincoln Studies Center Series. (Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 2023. Pp. xx, 537. $39.95, ISBN 978-0-252-04468-7.) <p>The anthology <em>Knowing Him by Heart: African Americans on Abraham Lincoln</em>, edited by Fred Lee Hord and Matthew D. Norman, provides a captivating exploration of the varied perspectives held by African Americans on Abraham Lincoln’s presidency and legacy. With more than two hundred letters and speeches delivered by local and national figures, the book offers a diverse range of views from African Americans who praised and criticized the president’s speeches, policies, and politics. Aiming to demonstrate how African Americans maintained and critiqued the memory of Abraham Lincoln within national discourse, the editors convincingly argue that views on the sixteenth president were not monolithic, as some spoke with adulation while others offered critiques and criticism of his candidacy, his presidency, and, after his death on April 15, 1865, his legacy.</p> <p>The editors are not the first to pursue this examination; scholars have engaged in these critiques because Lincoln’s legacy has coincided with the political and pedagogical debates on African American history. Though this text forgoes participating in this discussion, its content is a vital resource for historians and students who seek to understand the short- and long-term impact of Lincoln’s presidency on African Americans, particularly as posterity has maintained the moniker “the Great Emancipator,” which has come under scrutiny not only within academia but also among the broader public.</p> <p>The anthology, arranged chronologically, proves valuable, providing the reader with perspectives from Lincoln’s contemporaries, whose views have continued to guide the discourse on his legacy in the present day. Beginning with Frederick Douglass’s Emancipation Day address at Poughkeepsie, New York, on August 2, 1858, and closing with Barack Obama’s remarks at the Abraham Lincoln Association banquet in Springfield, Illinois, on February 12, 2009, speeches and opinions from national voices are combined with those of lesser-known individuals, which gives this book its uniqueness by featuring voices from all corners of African American society. It displays differing perspectives on Lincoln during his life and after his death, particularly views that were, and continue to be, shaped by the local, regional, and national narratives on the man who maintained the Union and ended slavery.</p> <p>As the reader navigates
{"title":"Knowing Him by Heart: African Americans on Abraham Lincoln ed. by Fred Lee Hord and Matthew D. Norman (review)","authors":"Maurice Adkins","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932576","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Knowing Him by Heart: African Americans on Abraham Lincoln</em> ed. by Fred Lee Hord and Matthew D. Norman <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Maurice Adkins </li> </ul> <em>Knowing Him by Heart: African Americans on Abraham Lincoln</em>. Edited by Fred Lee Hord and Matthew D. Norman. Knox College Lincoln Studies Center Series. (Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 2023. Pp. xx, 537. $39.95, ISBN 978-0-252-04468-7.) <p>The anthology <em>Knowing Him by Heart: African Americans on Abraham Lincoln</em>, edited by Fred Lee Hord and Matthew D. Norman, provides a captivating exploration of the varied perspectives held by African Americans on Abraham Lincoln’s presidency and legacy. With more than two hundred letters and speeches delivered by local and national figures, the book offers a diverse range of views from African Americans who praised and criticized the president’s speeches, policies, and politics. Aiming to demonstrate how African Americans maintained and critiqued the memory of Abraham Lincoln within national discourse, the editors convincingly argue that views on the sixteenth president were not monolithic, as some spoke with adulation while others offered critiques and criticism of his candidacy, his presidency, and, after his death on April 15, 1865, his legacy.</p> <p>The editors are not the first to pursue this examination; scholars have engaged in these critiques because Lincoln’s legacy has coincided with the political and pedagogical debates on African American history. Though this text forgoes participating in this discussion, its content is a vital resource for historians and students who seek to understand the short- and long-term impact of Lincoln’s presidency on African Americans, particularly as posterity has maintained the moniker “the Great Emancipator,” which has come under scrutiny not only within academia but also among the broader public.</p> <p>The anthology, arranged chronologically, proves valuable, providing the reader with perspectives from Lincoln’s contemporaries, whose views have continued to guide the discourse on his legacy in the present day. Beginning with Frederick Douglass’s Emancipation Day address at Poughkeepsie, New York, on August 2, 1858, and closing with Barack Obama’s remarks at the Abraham Lincoln Association banquet in Springfield, Illinois, on February 12, 2009, speeches and opinions from national voices are combined with those of lesser-known individuals, which gives this book its uniqueness by featuring voices from all corners of African American society. It displays differing perspectives on Lincoln during his life and after his death, particularly views that were, and continue to be, shaped by the local, regional, and national narratives on the man who maintained the Union and ended slavery.</p> <p>As the reader navigates","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141722337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932580
Stephen R. Haynes
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause: Confessions of a Southern Church</em> by Christopher Alan Graham <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Stephen R. Haynes </li> </ul> <em>Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause: Confessions of a Southern Church</em>. By Christopher Alan Graham. Foreword by Melanie Mullen. (Charlottesville and London: University of Virginia Press, 2023. Pp. xvi, 215. Paper, $29.00, ISBN 978-0-8139-4880-5; cloth, $95.00, ISBN 978-0-8139-4879-9.) <p><em>Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause: Confessions of a Southern Church</em> by Christopher Alan Graham traces the history of a single congregation: St. Paul’s Episcopal Church in Richmond, Virginia. But because the church has existed in the same urban neighborhood since the 1840s, the book is also the story of an evolving South, as well as of white Christians’ attempts to adapt to changing racial and social landscapes. Located downtown near the Virginia state capitol, St. Paul’s has always attracted Richmonders of wealth and influence. From its founding, the church was embedded in the culture of chattel <strong>[End Page 625]</strong> slavery (in 1845, most of St. Paul’s members and vestry members were enslavers); and during the Civil War St. Paul’s “bec[a]me a <em>de facto</em> state church for the slaveholding republic,” where Robert E. Lee and Jefferson Davis were regular visitors (p. 37).</p> <p>By 1870, St. Paul’s had become popular among tourists as the place where President Davis was at worship when General Lee sent news of the breaking of Confederate lines near Petersburg. After Davis’s death in 1889, the vestry moved to inscribe the church’s Confederate connections in “‘two conspicuous windows’” that were “‘dedicated as memorials to perpetuate’” the names and legacies of Lee and Davis (p. 53). Revealed in 1892, the Lee and Davis windows translated these heroes of the Lost Cause into quasi-biblical figures who were compared to Moses and St. Paul, respectively. These and other ecclesiastical tributes to the Confederate past lead Graham to call St. Paul’s “the ‘religious shrine of the Confederacy’” that “stood second to no other religious institution in contributing to the larger Lost Cause ideology” (pp. 76, 61).</p> <p>In one fascinating chapter, Graham explores the church’s history in the early twentieth century, when Lost Cause–based racial paternalism struggled for St. Paul’s soul with the Social Gospel preached by W. Russell Bowie, who became rector in 1911. During this era, St. Paul’s became a leader in interracial cooperation while holding on to racial paternalism and “romanticized notions of faithful slaves and beloved ‘mammies’” (p. 77). In a chapter titled “St. Paul’s in Reaction,” Graham traces the church’s response to judicial and ecclesiastical attacks on segregation, which he describes as a genteel, paternalistic middle path between
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要：评论者 信仰、种族和失落的事业：克里斯托弗-艾伦-格雷厄姆（Christopher Alan Graham）著 史蒂芬-R-海恩斯（Stephen R. Haynes）译：《信仰、种族与失落的事业：一个南方教会的自白》：一个南方教会的自白》。作者：克里斯托弗-艾伦-格雷厄姆。梅拉妮-穆伦（Melanie Mullen）作序。(夏洛茨维尔和伦敦：弗吉尼亚大学出版社，2023 年。第 xvi、215 页。纸质版，29.00 美元，ISBN 978-0-8139-4880-5；布质版，95.00 美元，ISBN 978-0-8139-4879-9）。信仰、种族与失落的事业》（Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause：克里斯托弗-艾伦-格雷厄姆（Christopher Alan Graham）所著的《一个南方教会的自白》（Confessions of a Southern Church）追溯了一个教会的历史：弗吉尼亚州里士满的圣保罗圣公会教堂。但由于该教堂自 19 世纪 40 年代以来一直存在于同一个城市街区，因此本书也是一个不断发展的南方的故事，以及白人基督徒试图适应不断变化的种族和社会环境的故事。圣保罗教堂位于市中心，毗邻弗吉尼亚州议会大厦，一直吸引着里士满的富人和有影响力的人。圣保罗教堂从建立之初就融入了动产 [第 625 页完] 奴隶制文化（1845 年，圣保罗教堂的大多数成员和教区成员都是奴隶主）；南北战争期间，圣保罗教堂 "成为奴隶制共和国事实上的国立教堂"，罗伯特-李和杰斐逊-戴维斯是这里的常客（第 37 页）。到 1870 年，圣保罗教堂已成为深受游客欢迎的地方，因为当李将军传来邦联防线在彼得斯堡附近被突破的消息时，戴维斯总统正在这里做礼拜。戴维斯于 1889 年去世后，圣职人员将教堂与邦联的关系刻在了 "两个显眼的窗户上"，这两个窗户 "是为了纪念李将军和戴维斯"（第 53 页）。李和戴维斯的橱窗于 1892 年揭幕，将这些 "失落的事业 "中的英雄分别比作摩西和圣保罗，成为准圣经人物。圣保罗教堂 "是'邦联的宗教圣地'"，"在促进更广泛的'失落的事业'意识形态方面，它的地位仅次于其他宗教机构"（第 76 页和第 61 页）。在其中引人入胜的一章中，格雷厄姆探讨了教堂在 20 世纪初的历史，当时以 "失落的事业 "为基础的种族家长制与 W. Russell Bowie 宣扬的社会福音争夺圣保罗教堂的灵魂。在这一时期，圣保罗成为种族间合作的领导者，同时坚持种族家长制和 "忠实的奴隶和心爱的'妈妈'的浪漫主义观念"（第 77 页）。在题为 "反应中的圣保罗 "一章中，格雷厄姆追溯了教会对司法和教会对种族隔离的攻击所做出的反应，他将这种反应描述为在立即融合与大规模抵制之间的一种温和的、家长式的中间道路。用圣职人员的话说，圣保罗教堂在强调保持跨越种族界限的 "礼节、体贴和爱 "的同时，抵制教会机构和 "非教会神职人员 "将种族隔离描述为罪恶表现的言论（第 112 页和第 114 页）。圣保罗教堂历史上最有趣的篇章或许始于 1969 年，当时教堂聘请约翰-谢尔比-斯庞（John Shelby Spong）担任校长。尽管几十年后他才因放弃传统的基督教信仰而在国际上声名鹊起，但斯邦决心要在传统的聚会中撼动一切。除了宣讲毫不妥协的反种族隔离信息外，他还要求圣保罗教堂停止在教堂门廊悬挂邦联旗帜，并提出了一项外展计划，该计划的第一笔拨款就是在一个历史悠久的黑人社区建立一个医疗诊所。根据格雷厄姆的说法，斯邦还重塑了教堂的历史，抬高了社会进步派的前校长罗素-鲍伊（Russell Bowie），而忽略了罗伯特-李（Robert E. Lee）和杰斐逊-戴维斯（Jefferson Davis）。圣保罗教堂接受了斯邦的遗产，在 20 世纪 70 年代中期聘请了第一位黑人牧师，并在十年后选出了第一位黑人牧师。如今，这座曾经自诩为"'南方圣地'和'李和戴维斯礼拜的教堂'"的教堂自称为"'面向所有人的城市教堂'"（第 142 页）。事实上，格雷厄姆告诉我们，教堂的转变是如此彻底，以至于当教堂在 2015 年决定移除其窗户上的邦联标志时，大多数人...
{"title":"Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause: Confessions of a Southern Church by Christopher Alan Graham (review)","authors":"Stephen R. Haynes","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932580","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause: Confessions of a Southern Church</em> by Christopher Alan Graham <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Stephen R. Haynes </li> </ul> <em>Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause: Confessions of a Southern Church</em>. By Christopher Alan Graham. Foreword by Melanie Mullen. (Charlottesville and London: University of Virginia Press, 2023. Pp. xvi, 215. Paper, $29.00, ISBN 978-0-8139-4880-5; cloth, $95.00, ISBN 978-0-8139-4879-9.) <p><em>Faith, Race, and the Lost Cause: Confessions of a Southern Church</em> by Christopher Alan Graham traces the history of a single congregation: St. Paul’s Episcopal Church in Richmond, Virginia. But because the church has existed in the same urban neighborhood since the 1840s, the book is also the story of an evolving South, as well as of white Christians’ attempts to adapt to changing racial and social landscapes. Located downtown near the Virginia state capitol, St. Paul’s has always attracted Richmonders of wealth and influence. From its founding, the church was embedded in the culture of chattel <strong>[End Page 625]</strong> slavery (in 1845, most of St. Paul’s members and vestry members were enslavers); and during the Civil War St. Paul’s “bec[a]me a <em>de facto</em> state church for the slaveholding republic,” where Robert E. Lee and Jefferson Davis were regular visitors (p. 37).</p> <p>By 1870, St. Paul’s had become popular among tourists as the place where President Davis was at worship when General Lee sent news of the breaking of Confederate lines near Petersburg. After Davis’s death in 1889, the vestry moved to inscribe the church’s Confederate connections in “‘two conspicuous windows’” that were “‘dedicated as memorials to perpetuate’” the names and legacies of Lee and Davis (p. 53). Revealed in 1892, the Lee and Davis windows translated these heroes of the Lost Cause into quasi-biblical figures who were compared to Moses and St. Paul, respectively. These and other ecclesiastical tributes to the Confederate past lead Graham to call St. Paul’s “the ‘religious shrine of the Confederacy’” that “stood second to no other religious institution in contributing to the larger Lost Cause ideology” (pp. 76, 61).</p> <p>In one fascinating chapter, Graham explores the church’s history in the early twentieth century, when Lost Cause–based racial paternalism struggled for St. Paul’s soul with the Social Gospel preached by W. Russell Bowie, who became rector in 1911. During this era, St. Paul’s became a leader in interracial cooperation while holding on to racial paternalism and “romanticized notions of faithful slaves and beloved ‘mammies’” (p. 77). In a chapter titled “St. Paul’s in Reaction,” Graham traces the church’s response to judicial and ecclesiastical attacks on segregation, which he describes as a genteel, paternalistic middle path between ","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1353/soh.2024.a932583
Elijah Gaddis
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction</em> by Drew A. Swanson <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Elijah Gaddis </li> </ul> <em>A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction</em>. By Drew A. Swanson. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 206. Paper, $24.95, ISBN 978-1-4696-7471-1; cloth, $99.00, ISBN 978-1-4696-7470-4.) <p>It is a shopworn cliché among scholars of the South that the events and people we study are intimately tied to the places of their origin. At least since Eudora Welty and U. B. Phillips, we have endeavored to consider the South not just through regionality but also through the landscapes of the social worlds we study. These are big-picture currents. I mention them because Drew A. Swanson’s slim new volume, <em>A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction</em>, <strong>[End Page 629]</strong> builds on this tradition and admirably complicates our understanding of the experience of Reconstruction and the landscape of the southern Piedmont.</p> <p>While not a complete reorientation toward the study of space and away from time, <em>A Man of Bad Reputation</em> gives weight to a broad temporal and spatial scope while nominally focusing on a single event. Swanson uses the 1870 assassination of North Carolina state senator John Stephens as a jumping- off point for a broad consideration of the experience of Reconstruction. Crucially, he does not confine that consideration to the years of Reconstruction alone, but shows instead how the idea of Reconstruction continued to be an animating force in Caswell County and throughout North Carolina long after its nominal conclusion. This book is concerned not just with memory, but also with the continual unfolding and narration of events over a longer duration. It is not the much-abused <em>longue durée</em> of the Annales school, but rather part of an important trend in recent southern historiography that recognizes the continual overlaps of historical production with what we often call memory.</p> <p>The story of John Stephens’s killing unfolds over six chapters and an epilogue. More accurately, the book’s subject is “the ghost of John Stephens” read backward and forward (p. 4). Swanson’s introduction sets out the scale under which he is considering Reconstruction: his focus is on “hinge[s]” and other moments of both turmoil and possibility on the ground (p. 3). Other chapters read the Civil War through the agricultural and environmental lens of the Piedmont (chapter 1, “Promise”) or the tenuous politics of mobility and labor in the immediate aftermath of the war (chapter 3, “Perdition”). Most often the titular c
{"title":"A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction by Drew A. Swanson (review)","authors":"Elijah Gaddis","doi":"10.1353/soh.2024.a932583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2024.a932583","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction</em> by Drew A. Swanson <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Elijah Gaddis </li> </ul> <em>A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction</em>. By Drew A. Swanson. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2023. Pp. xiv, 206. Paper, $24.95, ISBN 978-1-4696-7471-1; cloth, $99.00, ISBN 978-1-4696-7470-4.) <p>It is a shopworn cliché among scholars of the South that the events and people we study are intimately tied to the places of their origin. At least since Eudora Welty and U. B. Phillips, we have endeavored to consider the South not just through regionality but also through the landscapes of the social worlds we study. These are big-picture currents. I mention them because Drew A. Swanson’s slim new volume, <em>A Man of Bad Reputation: The Murder of John Stephens and the Contested Landscape of North Carolina Reconstruction</em>, <strong>[End Page 629]</strong> builds on this tradition and admirably complicates our understanding of the experience of Reconstruction and the landscape of the southern Piedmont.</p> <p>While not a complete reorientation toward the study of space and away from time, <em>A Man of Bad Reputation</em> gives weight to a broad temporal and spatial scope while nominally focusing on a single event. Swanson uses the 1870 assassination of North Carolina state senator John Stephens as a jumping- off point for a broad consideration of the experience of Reconstruction. Crucially, he does not confine that consideration to the years of Reconstruction alone, but shows instead how the idea of Reconstruction continued to be an animating force in Caswell County and throughout North Carolina long after its nominal conclusion. This book is concerned not just with memory, but also with the continual unfolding and narration of events over a longer duration. It is not the much-abused <em>longue durée</em> of the Annales school, but rather part of an important trend in recent southern historiography that recognizes the continual overlaps of historical production with what we often call memory.</p> <p>The story of John Stephens’s killing unfolds over six chapters and an epilogue. More accurately, the book’s subject is “the ghost of John Stephens” read backward and forward (p. 4). Swanson’s introduction sets out the scale under which he is considering Reconstruction: his focus is on “hinge[s]” and other moments of both turmoil and possibility on the ground (p. 3). Other chapters read the Civil War through the agricultural and environmental lens of the Piedmont (chapter 1, “Promise”) or the tenuous politics of mobility and labor in the immediate aftermath of the war (chapter 3, “Perdition”). Most often the titular c","PeriodicalId":45484,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：