Pub Date : 2016-06-09DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000148
Anne Carolina Ramos, Ute Karl
Abstract. This paper is based on biographical and qualitative egocentric network analyses and examines the social relations of older Italian and Portuguese migrants in need of long-term care (LTC) in Luxembourg. It addresses three components of their everyday social relationships, including the relationships with emotionally close individuals in their egocentric networks, with careworkers, and with other care-recipients in institutional settings. The findings support two main theses: First, careworkers are central figures in providing emotional support to older migrants; second, the relations with other care-recipients can be difficult to establish in contexts of migration, which leads to the necessity of arranging new forms of institutional settings in order to decrease social isolation, being a pressing aspect to public health policies.
{"title":"Social Relations, Long-Term Care, and Well-Being of Older Migrants in Luxembourg","authors":"Anne Carolina Ramos, Ute Karl","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000148","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This paper is based on biographical and qualitative egocentric network analyses and examines the social relations of older Italian and Portuguese migrants in need of long-term care (LTC) in Luxembourg. It addresses three components of their everyday social relationships, including the relationships with emotionally close individuals in their egocentric networks, with careworkers, and with other care-recipients in institutional settings. The findings support two main theses: First, careworkers are central figures in providing emotional support to older migrants; second, the relations with other care-recipients can be difficult to establish in contexts of migration, which leads to the necessity of arranging new forms of institutional settings in order to decrease social isolation, being a pressing aspect to public health policies.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-14DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000141
Benjamin Tauber, H. Wahl, J. Schröder
Abstract. Both theoretical reasoning and empirical data suggest that personality and well-being have substantial interrelationships. However, more longitudinal evidence is required, and the relationship lacks research attention from a lifespan perspective. We examined the mid-term and long-term interrelations of Neuroticism and Extraversion with life satisfaction in two cohorts from middle and late adulthood, using data from the “Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE).” Multigroup, cross-lagged models reveal personality to be more predictive of life satisfaction than vice versa. Furthermore, an aging effect occurs regarding the relationships between life satisfaction and personality, with life satisfaction being predictive of personality only in the old cohort. Controlling for health weakens the interrelationship. Results add to the understanding of lifespan dynamics among personality and life satisfaction.
{"title":"Personality and life satisfaction over 12 years: Contrasting mid- and late life.","authors":"Benjamin Tauber, H. Wahl, J. Schröder","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Both theoretical reasoning and empirical data suggest that personality and well-being have substantial interrelationships. However, more longitudinal evidence is required, and the relationship lacks research attention from a lifespan perspective. We examined the mid-term and long-term interrelations of Neuroticism and Extraversion with life satisfaction in two cohorts from middle and late adulthood, using data from the “Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE).” Multigroup, cross-lagged models reveal personality to be more predictive of life satisfaction than vice versa. Furthermore, an aging effect occurs regarding the relationships between life satisfaction and personality, with life satisfaction being predictive of personality only in the old cohort. Controlling for health weakens the interrelationship. Results add to the understanding of lifespan dynamics among personality and life satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-14DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000137
Véronique Cornu, Jean-Paul Steinmetz, C. Federspiel
Abstract. A growing body of research demonstrates an association between gait disorders, falls, and attentional capacities in older adults. The present work empirically analyzes differences in gait...
{"title":"Deficits in selective attention alter gait in frail older adults","authors":"Véronique Cornu, Jean-Paul Steinmetz, C. Federspiel","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000137","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A growing body of research demonstrates an association between gait disorders, falls, and attentional capacities in older adults. The present work empirically analyzes differences in gait...","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-14DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000138
D. Cadar, A. Piccinin, S. Hofer, B. Johansson, G. Muniz-Terrera
Abstract. We investigated education and occupational influences as markers of cognitive reserve in relation to cognitive performance and decline on multiple fluid and crystallized abilities in preclinical dementia. From the total sample of 702 participants stemming from the OCTO-Twin Study (Sweden), aged 80+ at baseline in 1992–1993, only those who developed dementia during the study period (N = 127) were included in these analyses. Random effects models were used to examine the level of performance at the time of dementia diagnosis and the rates of decline prior to diagnosis. The results demonstrated that both fluid and crystallized abilities decline in preclinical stages, and that education and occupational class have independent moderating roles on the cognitive performance at the time of diagnosis, but not on the rates of decline.
{"title":"Education, occupational class and cognitive decline in preclinical dementia","authors":"D. Cadar, A. Piccinin, S. Hofer, B. Johansson, G. Muniz-Terrera","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000138","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We investigated education and occupational influences as markers of cognitive reserve in relation to cognitive performance and decline on multiple fluid and crystallized abilities in preclinical dementia. From the total sample of 702 participants stemming from the OCTO-Twin Study (Sweden), aged 80+ at baseline in 1992–1993, only those who developed dementia during the study period (N = 127) were included in these analyses. Random effects models were used to examine the level of performance at the time of dementia diagnosis and the rates of decline prior to diagnosis. The results demonstrated that both fluid and crystallized abilities decline in preclinical stages, and that education and occupational class have independent moderating roles on the cognitive performance at the time of diagnosis, but not on the rates of decline.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1024/GRO.2016.29.ISSUE-2
Isabelle Albert
{"title":"Special Issue on Aging and Migration in Europe","authors":"Isabelle Albert","doi":"10.1024/GRO.2016.29.ISSUE-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/GRO.2016.29.ISSUE-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57233439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-11-26DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000136
Justina Avila, Amina Flowers, Travis M Scott, Jill Quilici, Liana G Apostolova, Ellen Woo, John Ringman, Jill Razani
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a risk state for dementia. The present study assessed daily functioning in MCI individuals (amnestic [aMCI] and nonamnestic [naMCI]) relative to those with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy controls (NC). Twenty AD participants, 14 aMCI, 12 naMCI, and 30 healthy controls were administered the Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS). The AD group performed poorer than all groups on all DAFS subscales. The aMCI group performed poorer than controls on the shopping subtests, while the naMCI group performed poorer than controls on only the free recall shopping. Finally, DAFS subscales discriminated the AD and aMCI groups well, but only recognition shopping discriminated between naMCI and aMCI individuals. These findings suggest that circumscribed ADL deficits distinguish subtypes of MCI and AD.
{"title":"Daily Activity Abilities in MCI, Alzheimer's Disease, and Healthy Controls.","authors":"Justina Avila, Amina Flowers, Travis M Scott, Jill Quilici, Liana G Apostolova, Ellen Woo, John Ringman, Jill Razani","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000136","DOIUrl":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a risk state for dementia. The present study assessed daily functioning in MCI individuals (amnestic [aMCI] and nonamnestic [naMCI]) relative to those with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy controls (NC). Twenty AD participants, 14 aMCI, 12 naMCI, and 30 healthy controls were administered the Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS). The AD group performed poorer than all groups on all DAFS subscales. The aMCI group performed poorer than controls on the shopping subtests, while the naMCI group performed poorer than controls on only the free recall shopping. Finally, DAFS subscales discriminated the AD and aMCI groups well, but only recognition shopping discriminated between naMCI and aMCI individuals. These findings suggest that circumscribed ADL deficits distinguish subtypes of MCI and AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4922896/pdf/nihms-793426.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34692634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-26DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000133
S. Heinzel, Jimmy B Lawrence, Gunnar Kallies, M. Rapp, A. Heissel
Abstract. Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the general population. Despite a large demand for efficient treatment options, the majority of older depressed adults does not receive adequate treatment: Additional low-threshold treatments are needed for this age group. Over the past two decades, a growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCT) have been conducted, testing the efficacy of physical exercise in the alleviation of depression in older adults. This meta-analysis systematically reviews and evaluates these studies; some subanalyses testing specific effects of different types of exercise and settings are also performed. In order to be included, exercise programs of the RCTs had to fulfill the criteria of exercise according to the American College of Sports Medicine, including a sample mean age of 60 or above and an increased level of depressive symptoms. Eighteen trials with 1,063 participants fulfilled our inclusion criteria. A comparison of the posttreatment depression ...
{"title":"Using Exercise to Fight Depression in Older Adults","authors":"S. Heinzel, Jimmy B Lawrence, Gunnar Kallies, M. Rapp, A. Heissel","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000133","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the general population. Despite a large demand for efficient treatment options, the majority of older depressed adults does not receive adequate treatment: Additional low-threshold treatments are needed for this age group. Over the past two decades, a growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCT) have been conducted, testing the efficacy of physical exercise in the alleviation of depression in older adults. This meta-analysis systematically reviews and evaluates these studies; some subanalyses testing specific effects of different types of exercise and settings are also performed. In order to be included, exercise programs of the RCTs had to fulfill the criteria of exercise according to the American College of Sports Medicine, including a sample mean age of 60 or above and an increased level of depressive symptoms. Eighteen trials with 1,063 participants fulfilled our inclusion criteria. A comparison of the posttreatment depression ...","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-26DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000134
A. Heissel, Anou Vesterling, Stephanie White, Gunnar Kallies, Diana Behr, A. Arafat, F. Reischies, S. Heinzel, H. Budde
Abstract. Twelve older inpatients (M age = 66.8) with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) participated in this controlled pilot trial either in a physical exercise group (PEG; n = 6; aerobic, strength, and coordination exercises) or an active control group (ACG; n = 6; relaxation exercises) twice a week for four weeks. While depressive symptoms decreased in both groups, reduction of symptoms was significantly larger in the PEG. However, the PEG had higher BDI scores compared to the ACG at pretest. Neurocognitive functioning and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration did not change significantly. A four-week exercise program may be a feasible adjunct therapy in older MDD patients but the efficacy of the program needs to be proven with larger samples.
{"title":"Feasibility of an exercise program for older depressive inpatients: A pilot study.","authors":"A. Heissel, Anou Vesterling, Stephanie White, Gunnar Kallies, Diana Behr, A. Arafat, F. Reischies, S. Heinzel, H. Budde","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Twelve older inpatients (M age = 66.8) with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) participated in this controlled pilot trial either in a physical exercise group (PEG; n = 6; aerobic, strength, and coordination exercises) or an active control group (ACG; n = 6; relaxation exercises) twice a week for four weeks. While depressive symptoms decreased in both groups, reduction of symptoms was significantly larger in the PEG. However, the PEG had higher BDI scores compared to the ACG at pretest. Neurocognitive functioning and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration did not change significantly. A four-week exercise program may be a feasible adjunct therapy in older MDD patients but the efficacy of the program needs to be proven with larger samples.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-04DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000130
Thomson W. L. Wong, B. Abernethy, R. Masters
Abstract. The Chinese version of the Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS-C) was discovered to have good discriminative power between older fallers from nonfallers, and it shows potential as a novel fall prediction tool by assessing conscious motor processing propensity of the older adults. This qualitative study (focus group) investigated potential weaknesses during the application of the MSRS-C in community-dwelling older adults. The results confirmed two major potential weaknesses of the MSRS-C: older adults may respond differently when asked to complete the MSRS-C in the context of movements related or unrelated to balance or locomotion; older adults may be better able to differentiate a 4-point Likert response format than the original 6-point format MSRS-C. Further study was developed to examine the identified potential weaknesses.
{"title":"Enhancement of the Chinese Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale in Older Adults","authors":"Thomson W. L. Wong, B. Abernethy, R. Masters","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000130","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Chinese version of the Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS-C) was discovered to have good discriminative power between older fallers from nonfallers, and it shows potential as a novel fall prediction tool by assessing conscious motor processing propensity of the older adults. This qualitative study (focus group) investigated potential weaknesses during the application of the MSRS-C in community-dwelling older adults. The results confirmed two major potential weaknesses of the MSRS-C: older adults may respond differently when asked to complete the MSRS-C in the context of movements related or unrelated to balance or locomotion; older adults may be better able to differentiate a 4-point Likert response format than the original 6-point format MSRS-C. Further study was developed to examine the identified potential weaknesses.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-03DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000128
K. Laidlaw, Naoko Kishita
We present an explanation of the benefits of using gerontological theory to augment treatment outcome in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Traditional formulations/conceptualizations of CBT may not always be the most optimal fit when working with older people, who may be experiencing different developmental life stages compared to adults of working age. In addressing how CBT may be different with older people, it is proposed that one may augment CBT outcome by applying gerontological theory as “vehicles for change.” This evidence-based scientist approach is consistent with standard practice in CBT. This paper outlines some examples of how gerontological theory can be useful to bring about an enhanced treatment outcome.
{"title":"Age-Appropriate Augmented Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Enhance Treatment Outcome for Late-Life Depression and Anxiety Disorders","authors":"K. Laidlaw, Naoko Kishita","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000128","url":null,"abstract":"We present an explanation of the benefits of using gerontological theory to augment treatment outcome in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Traditional formulations/conceptualizations of CBT may not always be the most optimal fit when working with older people, who may be experiencing different developmental life stages compared to adults of working age. In addressing how CBT may be different with older people, it is proposed that one may augment CBT outcome by applying gerontological theory as “vehicles for change.” This evidence-based scientist approach is consistent with standard practice in CBT. This paper outlines some examples of how gerontological theory can be useful to bring about an enhanced treatment outcome.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57227329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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