Pub Date : 2017-11-13DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/A000173
I. Albert, T. Boll, F. Lang
{"title":"Dieter Ferring (1958–2017)","authors":"I. Albert, T. Boll, F. Lang","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/A000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/A000173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"135-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49285251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-13DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000174
J. Valsiner
Both geropsychology and cultural psychology have been new branches of psychology that have established their distinctive roles over the last two decades. In this article, I chart out three major perspectives within cultural psychology – theory of social representations (Serge Moscovici), dialogical self theory (Hubert Hermans), and my own cultural psychology of semiotic dynamics, and suggest some directions for their joint roles in GeroPsychology.
{"title":"From Cultural Psychology to GeroPsychology: Possible Contributions","authors":"J. Valsiner","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000174","url":null,"abstract":"Both geropsychology and cultural psychology have been new branches of psychology that have established their distinctive roles over the last two decades. In this article, I chart out three major perspectives within cultural psychology – theory of social representations (Serge Moscovici), dialogical self theory (Hubert Hermans), and my own cultural psychology of semiotic dynamics, and suggest some directions for their joint roles in GeroPsychology.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"137–143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44329848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-13DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000176
S. Penger, F. Oswald
Although daily out-of-home mobility is crucial for well-being in later life, the psychological determinants thereof are not yet fully understood. This study describes attitudes toward daily out-of-home mobility from a person-environment interaction perspective and develops an instrument to measure mobility-related behavioral flexibility and routines in old age. Data were drawn from 265 older adults (aged 65–99). An examination of the factorial structure using exploratory factor analysis revealed three main mobility-related factors: behavioral flexibility with regard to environmental challenges, behavioral flexibility with regard to personal challenges, and a preference for routines. The instrument demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and factorial validity. The study contributes toward a better understanding of the motivational aspects of daily out-of-home mobility in later life.
{"title":"A New Measure of Mobility-Related Behavioral Flexibility and Routines in Old Age","authors":"S. Penger, F. Oswald","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000176","url":null,"abstract":"Although daily out-of-home mobility is crucial for well-being in later life, the psychological determinants thereof are not yet fully understood. This study describes attitudes toward daily out-of-home mobility from a person-environment interaction perspective and develops an instrument to measure mobility-related behavioral flexibility and routines in old age. Data were drawn from 265 older adults (aged 65–99). An examination of the factorial structure using exploratory factor analysis revealed three main mobility-related factors: behavioral flexibility with regard to environmental challenges, behavioral flexibility with regard to personal challenges, and a preference for routines. The instrument demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and factorial validity. The study contributes toward a better understanding of the motivational aspects of daily out-of-home mobility in later life.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"153–163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48325142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-08DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000172
Andrea E. Gruenenfelder-Steiger, Marko Katana, Annika A. Martin, Damaris Aschwanden, J. Koska, Yvonne Kündig, Eliane Pfister-Lipp, Mathias Allemand
Empirical evidence suggests that physical activity is related to less depressive moods. However, little is known about this association in the everyday life of older adults, limiting the ecological validity of prior findings. This study examined within-person associations between physical activity and depressive mood in older adults across 7 days. Moreover, the study tested the extent to which need-fulfillment can explain this association. The sample consisted of 68 adults aged 65 to 93 years. Physical activity was assessed objectively with accelerometers, whereas need-fulfillment and depressive mood were assessed at the end of each day using self-reports. Results from multilevel analysis suggest that daily physical activity was negatively related to daily depressive mood within persons. Although need-fulfillment did not explain the association between physical activity and depressive mood, it was a statistically significant predictor of daily depressive mood and even attenuated the effect of physical activity on depressive mood to nonsignificance.
{"title":"Physical Activity and Depressive Mood in the Daily Life of Older Adults","authors":"Andrea E. Gruenenfelder-Steiger, Marko Katana, Annika A. Martin, Damaris Aschwanden, J. Koska, Yvonne Kündig, Eliane Pfister-Lipp, Mathias Allemand","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000172","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical evidence suggests that physical activity is related to less depressive moods. However, little is known about this association in the everyday life of older adults, limiting the ecological validity of prior findings. This study examined within-person associations between physical activity and depressive mood in older adults across 7 days. Moreover, the study tested the extent to which need-fulfillment can explain this association. The sample consisted of 68 adults aged 65 to 93 years. Physical activity was assessed objectively with accelerometers, whereas need-fulfillment and depressive mood were assessed at the end of each day using self-reports. Results from multilevel analysis suggest that daily physical activity was negatively related to daily depressive mood within persons. Although need-fulfillment did not explain the association between physical activity and depressive mood, it was a statistically significant predictor of daily depressive mood and even attenuated the effect of physical activity on depressive mood to nonsignificance.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"119–129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43210623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-08DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000170
Laura N Semino, J. Marksteiner, G. Brauchle, Erik Danay
Objective: Applying the network approach to explore connections between depression and cognition in dependency on cognitive status. Methods: 264 patients from a ward for geriatric psychiatry with depressive symptoms and/or cognitive impairment were included in the study. Assessments of neuropsychological functioning (CERAD, TMT, Clock) and depression (Geriatric Depression Scale) were used. Results: “Hopelessness” and “loss of energy” are the most pivotal nodes in the depression network. Various connections were found when cognitive status differed. “Social withdrawal” connects depression and cognition in the noncognitively impaired group and “subjective memory complaints” and “anxiety” in the cognitively impaired group. Conclusions: Network analyses provide new insights into the complexity of associations. Practical implications for targeted clinical interventions on the connection points are discussed.
{"title":"Networks of Depression and Cognition in Elderly Psychiatric Patients","authors":"Laura N Semino, J. Marksteiner, G. Brauchle, Erik Danay","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000170","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Applying the network approach to explore connections between depression and cognition in dependency on cognitive status. Methods: 264 patients from a ward for geriatric psychiatry with depressive symptoms and/or cognitive impairment were included in the study. Assessments of neuropsychological functioning (CERAD, TMT, Clock) and depression (Geriatric Depression Scale) were used. Results: “Hopelessness” and “loss of energy” are the most pivotal nodes in the depression network. Various connections were found when cognitive status differed. “Social withdrawal” connects depression and cognition in the noncognitively impaired group and “subjective memory complaints” and “anxiety” in the cognitively impaired group. Conclusions: Network analyses provide new insights into the complexity of associations. Practical implications for targeted clinical interventions on the connection points are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"89–96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49617844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-08DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000169
Tanja R. Schatz, J. Haberstroh, Kerstin Bindel, F. Oswald, J. Pantel, Michael A. Paulitsch, N. Konopik, M. Knopf
Older adults are frequently required to undergo medical informed consent procedures. This study investigates the influence of four types of written language and visual support (Elaborated Plain Language, Easy-to-Read Language, Standard Version with additional picture, Easy-to-Read-Language with additional picture) on comprehension and affect, compared with the Standard Version alone. In an online survey, n = 87 younger participants aged 26–59 and n = 72 older participants aged 60–81 read a simulation of an informed consent form. Directly after reading it, we used the Understanding dimension of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) to ask them about the information presented in the form. The results showed that, by reducing complexity and elaborating the provided information, comprehension of medical information could be improved in the older participant group. In the so-called Elaborated Plain Language groups, the results were the same for younger and older participants. This was not true for the groups that received the Standard Version, on which younger participants performed better. Variations in the language used had no influence on affect. Our conclusion is that Elaborated Plain Language can be recommended for use in medical informed consent procedures with older patients and should be taught to medical professionals.
{"title":"Improving Comprehension in Written Medical Informed Consent Procedures","authors":"Tanja R. Schatz, J. Haberstroh, Kerstin Bindel, F. Oswald, J. Pantel, Michael A. Paulitsch, N. Konopik, M. Knopf","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000169","url":null,"abstract":"Older adults are frequently required to undergo medical informed consent procedures. This study investigates the influence of four types of written language and visual support (Elaborated Plain Language, Easy-to-Read Language, Standard Version with additional picture, Easy-to-Read-Language with additional picture) on comprehension and affect, compared with the Standard Version alone. In an online survey, n = 87 younger participants aged 26–59 and n = 72 older participants aged 60–81 read a simulation of an informed consent form. Directly after reading it, we used the Understanding dimension of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) to ask them about the information presented in the form. The results showed that, by reducing complexity and elaborating the provided information, comprehension of medical information could be improved in the older participant group. In the so-called Elaborated Plain Language groups, the results were the same for younger and older participants. This was not true for the groups that received the Standard Version, on which younger participants performed better. Variations in the language used had no influence on affect. Our conclusion is that Elaborated Plain Language can be recommended for use in medical informed consent procedures with older patients and should be taught to medical professionals.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"97–108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45234787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-31DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000167
Bridget Burmester, J. Leathem, P. Merrick
Evidence regarding the relationship between subjective memory complaints (SMCs) and objective memory functioning remains mixed; assessment methods may underlie this inconsistency. In this study, 94 participants aged 40 and above completed two measures of SMCs (open-ended self-reports, and a questionnaire) and memory tests (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Rey Complex Figure Test). Canonical correlation analysis showed no significant associations between any measures of memory and SMCs, regardless of the assessment method employed. Possible explanations for this result and the influence of study limitations are discussed.
{"title":"Influence of Assessment Methods on Subjective and Objective Memory Impairment","authors":"Bridget Burmester, J. Leathem, P. Merrick","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000167","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence regarding the relationship between subjective memory complaints (SMCs) and objective memory functioning remains mixed; assessment methods may underlie this inconsistency. In this study, 94 participants aged 40 and above completed two measures of SMCs (open-ended self-reports, and a questionnaire) and memory tests (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Rey Complex Figure Test). Canonical correlation analysis showed no significant associations between any measures of memory and SMCs, regardless of the assessment method employed. Possible explanations for this result and the influence of study limitations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"79–84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45957071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-31DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000166
U. Wiesmann, M. Becker, H. Hannich
The main objective of nursing homes is to enable their residents a good life despite their existing physical, mental, and social health problems. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the mechanisms of positive aging in nursing-home residents from a salutogenic perspective. We interviewed 190 individuals (155 women) with a mean age of M = 84.3 years (SD = 7.60) and assessed selected resistance resources (subjective age, social network characteristics), the sense of coherence, and positive aging (psychological health and subjective well-being). The sense of coherence fully mediated perceived availability of social support and a younger age identification effects on positive aging. In line with salutogenic theory, it represents a superordinate concept which pools resource influences on positive aging.
{"title":"Positive Aging in Nursing Home Residents: A Salutogenic Analysis","authors":"U. Wiesmann, M. Becker, H. Hannich","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000166","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of nursing homes is to enable their residents a good life despite their existing physical, mental, and social health problems. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the mechanisms of positive aging in nursing-home residents from a salutogenic perspective. We interviewed 190 individuals (155 women) with a mean age of M = 84.3 years (SD = 7.60) and assessed selected resistance resources (subjective age, social network characteristics), the sense of coherence, and positive aging (psychological health and subjective well-being). The sense of coherence fully mediated perceived availability of social support and a younger age identification effects on positive aging. In line with salutogenic theory, it represents a superordinate concept which pools resource influences on positive aging.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"71–78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49055727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-31DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000168
Lia Oberhauser, Andreas B. Neubauer, Eva-Marie Kessler
Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs (Sheldon, 2011). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.
{"title":"Conflict Avoidance in Old Age: The Role of Anticipated Loneliness","authors":"Lia Oberhauser, Andreas B. Neubauer, Eva-Marie Kessler","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000168","url":null,"abstract":"Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs (Sheldon, 2011). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"61–70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48280599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000154
J. Hessler, M. Stemmler, H. Bickel
New regression-based norms for the SKT Short Cognitive Performance Test were introduced but have not been cross-validated for the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. We examined 562 (59.6% female) community-dwelling persons (mean age = 75.8, SD = 5.5) at baseline and followed up with up to three annual visits. Participants were classified as being healthy, with MCI, or with dementia according to the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and the SKT. Overall congruency between the ratings was 57.8%. The correlation between SKT and MMSE scores reached r = –0.67. Sensitivity and specificity for MCI and dementia were 0.89 and 0.60 as well as 0.83 and 0.84, respectively. The SKT detected cognitive decline at early stages but produced increased rates of false positives.
{"title":"Cross-Validation of the Newly-Normed SKT for the Detection of MCI and Dementia","authors":"J. Hessler, M. Stemmler, H. Bickel","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000154","url":null,"abstract":"New regression-based norms for the SKT Short Cognitive Performance Test were introduced but have not been cross-validated for the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. We examined 562 (59.6% female) community-dwelling persons (mean age = 75.8, SD = 5.5) at baseline and followed up with up to three annual visits. Participants were classified as being healthy, with MCI, or with dementia according to the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and the SKT. Overall congruency between the ratings was 57.8%. The correlation between SKT and MMSE scores reached r = –0.67. Sensitivity and specificity for MCI and dementia were 0.89 and 0.60 as well as 0.83 and 0.84, respectively. The SKT detected cognitive decline at early stages but produced increased rates of false positives.","PeriodicalId":45525,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych-The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"19–25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45415202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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