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Introduction to the special issue Translation technology teaching: views and visions 专刊导论翻译技术教学:观点与愿景
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2101851
Youlan Tao, Huashu Wang
ABSTRACT Since translation technology is playing an indispensable role in translation practice, how to teach translation technology has become one of the key topics in translation studies. This special issue focuses on views and visions of translation technology teaching (TTT), an increasingly important aspect of translation pedagogy. The first contribution is a bibliometric study of TTT publications both in English and Chinese, revealing the state of the art of TTT by presenting different research methods and focuses in different academic communities. Next, Sánchez Ramos demonstrates how machine translation and post-editing have been taught to improve the efficiency of public service interpreting and translation. Kodura describes an online course in translation technology on the basis of action research methodology. Lu Sha et al. examine the positive effects of anonymous online peer feedback in a computer-assisted translation (CAT) course. Finally, the last two empirical studies construct a Knowing-Acting Translation Curriculum (KATC) and a competence framework for interpreting technology, highlighting trainees’ technological competence. These six articles not only present ways to teach translation technology, but also underline the need of developing higher-order technological competence in the process of educating human translators with a global vision.
翻译技术在翻译实践中发挥着不可或缺的作用,如何进行翻译技术教学成为翻译研究的重点课题之一。翻译技术教学是翻译教育学中一个日益重要的方面,这期特刊关注的是翻译技术教学的观点和愿景。第一个贡献是对中英文TTT出版物的文献计量学研究,通过展示不同的研究方法和不同学术界的重点,揭示了TTT的现状。接下来,Sánchez Ramos演示了如何教授机器翻译和后期编辑来提高公共服务口译和翻译的效率。Kodura介绍了一门基于行动研究方法论的翻译技术在线课程。Lu Sha等人研究了匿名在线同伴反馈在计算机辅助翻译(CAT)课程中的积极作用。最后,两项实证研究构建了知行翻译课程和口译技术能力框架,突出学员的技术能力。这六篇文章不仅介绍了翻译技术的教学方法,而且强调了在培养具有全球视野的人类翻译人员的过程中,需要培养更高层次的技术能力。
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引用次数: 2
Constructing a competence framework for interpreting technologies, and related educational insights: an empirical study 构建口译技术能力框架及相关教育见解:一项实证研究
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2101850
Huashu Wang, Zhi Li
ABSTRACT This study constructs a competence framework that covers the most popular interpreting technologies. It adopts an empirical design and uses mainly quantitative methods based on a large-scale survey, comprising 647 questionnaires and 10 interviews. According to the analysis of questionnaire and interview data, the authors identify the main types of interpreting technologies, and the challenges in their application. From the survey data, the authors extracted factors that influence interpreters’ technological competence, and found a high probability that these factors (awareness, learning, and skills and knowledge) govern the application of specific technologies. The authors, therefore, put forward a three-dimensional competence framework for interpreting technologies, and investigate their roles and relevance in different aspects of interpreting education, including curriculum design, and teaching and assessment methods.
摘要本研究构建了一个涵盖最流行口译技术的能力框架。它采用实证设计,主要使用基于大规模调查的定量方法,包括647份问卷和10次访谈。根据调查问卷和访谈数据的分析,作者确定了口译技术的主要类型及其应用中的挑战。从调查数据中,作者提取了影响口译员技术能力的因素,并发现这些因素(意识、学习、技能和知识)很有可能控制特定技术的应用。因此,作者提出了一个三维的口译技术能力框架,并探讨了口译技术在口译教育的不同方面的作用和相关性,包括课程设计、教学和评估方法。
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引用次数: 2
Public service interpreting and translation training: a path towards digital adaptation to machine translation and post-editing 公共服务口译和翻译培训:实现机器翻译和后期编辑数字化的途径
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2092829
María del Mar Sánchez Ramos
ABSTRACT The ever-increasing demand for immediate access to information means interpreters and translators are increasingly using, and relying on, digital technology in their work. In the migratory context, machine translation (MT) and post-editing (PE) have the potential to greatly increase the efficiency of public service interpreting and translation (PSIT), which is currently experiencing huge demand. This article describes and evaluates the implementation of a module focused on MT and PE within a postgraduate PSIT programme at a Spanish university. A mixed-methods methodology was used to collect both quantitative data (via a questionnaire) and qualitative data (via a reflective essay) from a group of 42 students during the 2020–2021 academic year. The results show that students were satisfied overall with both the content of the module and its implementation. However, they also felt that the module needed to be better integrated within the postgraduate PSIT programme as a whole in order to fully prepare them for their professional careers.
摘要对即时获取信息的需求不断增长,这意味着口译员和翻译人员在工作中越来越多地使用和依赖数字技术。在迁移的背景下,机器翻译(MT)和后编辑(PE)有可能大大提高公共服务口译和翻译(PSIT)的效率,而目前正经历着巨大的需求。本文描述并评估了西班牙一所大学PSIT研究生课程中MT和PE模块的实施情况。在2020-2021学年,使用混合方法从42名学生中收集定量数据(通过问卷调查)和定性数据(通过反思性文章)。结果表明,学生对该模块的内容和实施都感到满意。然而,他们也认为,该模块需要更好地整合到整个研究生PSIT课程中,以便为他们的职业生涯做好充分准备。
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引用次数: 1
Unity of knowing and acting: an empirical study on a curriculum approach to developing students’ translation technological thinking competence 知行合一:培养学生翻译技术思维能力的课程方法实证研究
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2101849
Yan He, Youlan Tao
ABSTRACT Though students are taught translation technology, when confronted with real-life translation tasks, they frequently fail to use technologies flexibly and properly. To address this issue, this study first highlighted the concept of translation technological thinking competence (TTTC) and its significance. Then it proposed the Knowing-Acting Translation Curriculum (KATC), characterised by integrating knowledge-based design, problem-oriented learning, in-class interactive modelling and near-authentic translation projects. Further, the study investigated: 1) Is KATC an effective approach to developing students’ TTTC? 2) How does TTTC influence translation performance? To answer the questions, a quasi-experimental/empirical study was conducted with two groups of comparable translation students, one group given the KATC-based teaching intervention. The results show that: 1) KATC is an effective approach in improving students’ TTTC, measured by enhanced performance in solving real-life translation technological problems; 2) TTTC is positively correlated with overall translation quality. Therefore, we argue that the ultimate goal of translation technology teaching is to help students become technological thinkers with high TTTC, who can maximise the power of technology to act professionally and technologically, particularly in solving translation problems that require discretionary judgment and action.
摘要尽管学生们学习翻译技术,但在面对现实生活中的翻译任务时,他们往往无法灵活、正确地使用技术。为了解决这一问题,本研究首先强调了翻译技术思维能力的概念及其意义。然后提出了认知-行为翻译课程(KATC),其特点是将基于知识的设计、问题导向的学习、课堂互动建模和接近真实的翻译项目相结合。此外,该研究还调查了:1)KATC是培养学生TTTC的有效方法吗?2) TTTC如何影响翻译效果?为了回答这些问题,我们对两组具有可比性的翻译学生进行了准实验/实证研究,其中一组学生接受了基于KATC的教学干预。研究结果表明:1)KATC是提高学生TTTC的有效方法,其衡量标准是提高学生在解决现实翻译技术问题方面的表现;2) TTTC与整体翻译质量呈正相关。因此,我们认为,翻译技术教学的最终目标是帮助学生成为具有高TTTC的技术思想家,他们可以最大限度地发挥技术的力量,以专业和技术的方式行事,特别是在解决需要自由判断和行动的翻译问题时。
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引用次数: 3
Evaluating the effectiveness of an online course in translation technology originally developed for a classroom environment 评估翻译技术在线课程的有效性,该课程最初是为课堂环境开发的
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2092830
Małgorzata Kodura
ABSTRACT This paper examines the effectiveness of a course in Translation Technology carried out in an online mode in response to the emergency situation of the Covid-19 pandemic and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the course design. The analysis is based on the Action Research methodology; the methods used include observation, interviews, students’ self-reports and a student survey. The findings of this case study can be applied in other teaching contexts to improve the effectiveness of specific online courses.
摘要:本文考察了应对新冠肺炎疫情的在线翻译技术课程的有效性,并讨论了课程设计的优势和不足。分析是基于行动研究方法;使用的方法包括观察、访谈、学生自我报告和学生调查。本案例研究的结果可以应用于其他教学环境,以提高特定在线课程的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Research on translation technology teaching in Chinese publications and in international English-language publications (1999-2020): a bibliometric analysis 1999-2020年中国与国际英语出版物翻译技术教学研究:文献计量学分析
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2101848
Shaobin He, Yunhan Hao, Shijie Liu, Huidan Liu, Huadong Li
ABSTRACT The growing need to improve the quality and efficiency of translation by using technology has stimulated the practice of and research into translation technology teaching (TTT). Naturally, there is a need to analyse the state of the art and development of TTT from a quantitative perspective, because such research is still very scarce. This paper uses the bibliometric technologies, CiteSpace and VOSviewer in particular, to delineate the publication information of TTT-related research mainly in two citation databases, i.e., Web of Science (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), from the year 1999 to 2020. It finds that China is gaining importance in TTT-related research, that international English-language publications pay more attention to the teaching of MTPE, while Chinese-language publications focus more on corpus-based TTT, and that English publications tend to use empirical methods, while Chinese publications tend to adopt non-empirical methods. The differences between the two publication communities in research methods and focuses call for contact and exchange between the two communities.
利用技术提高翻译质量和效率的需求日益增长,这激发了翻译技术教学的实践和研究。当然,有必要从定量的角度分析TTT的技术现状和发展,因为此类研究仍然非常缺乏。本文利用文献计量技术CiteSpace和VOSviewer,主要在科学网(WoS)和中国知网(CNKI)两个引文数据库中描述了1999年至2020年TTT相关研究的发表信息。研究发现,中国在TTT相关研究中的重要性越来越大,国际英语出版物更关注MTPE的教学,而汉语出版物更关注基于语料库的TTT,英语出版物倾向于使用实证方法,而中国出版物倾向于采用非实证方法。两个出版界在研究方法和研究重点上的差异,呼唤着两个出版群体之间的接触与交流。
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引用次数: 1
Walking along the same path, or going in different directions? A comparison between the perceptions of translators and clients of translator professionalism in Asia 沿着同一条路走,还是朝着不同的方向走?亚洲地区译者与客户对翻译专业精神认知之比较
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2091402
C. Liu
ABSTRACT Translator professionalism is seldom studied in an empirical way in Asia, not to mention the similarities and differences in the perception of the topic as exhibited by practitioners versus clients. The present study examines translator professionalism as a multidimensional term covering practitioners’ language competency, translation skills, ethics, attitudes, and behaviour in and outside the workplace setting. It compares the viewpoints of 425 practitioners and 72 clients in Asia. Data suggest that both parties have a rather positive attitude towards the professional status of translators although significant divergent viewpoints were found on whether the occupation is vital to society; whether becoming a translator requires a high degree of expertise and knowledge; and whether translators can exercise their own judgment in their jobs. However, both practitioners and clients have similar opinions on translators’ proactive behaviour at work. Moreover, they attach great importance to translators’ adherence to the principles of ethical practice. The findings not only contribute to research on the client-translator relationship but also provide translation teachers and students with knowledge of the latest development of translator professionalism as well as current and upcoming challenges in the industry.
摘要在亚洲,对翻译专业的实证研究很少,更不用说从业人员和客户对这一主题的看法的异同。本研究将翻译专业视为一个多维术语,涵盖从业人员在工作场所内外的语言能力、翻译技巧、道德、态度和行为。它比较了亚洲425名从业人员和72名客户的观点。数据表明,尽管在翻译职业是否对社会至关重要的问题上存在明显的分歧,但双方对翻译职业地位的态度都相当积极;成为一名翻译是否需要高度的专业技能和知识;以及翻译人员在工作中是否能够行使自己的判断力。然而,从业人员和客户对翻译人员在工作中的主动行为有着相似的看法。此外,他们非常重视译者对道德实践原则的遵守。研究结果不仅有助于对客户与译者关系的研究,也为翻译教师和学生了解翻译专业的最新发展以及行业当前和未来的挑战提供了依据。
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引用次数: 3
Holistic versus analytic scoring of spoken-language interpreting: a multi-perspectival comparative analysis 口语口译整体评分与分析评分的多视角比较分析
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2084667
Jing Chen, Huabo Yang, Chao Han
ABSTRACT Rubric scoring has been gaining traction as an emergent method to assess spoken-language interpreting, with two of the most well-known methods being rating scale-based holistic and analytic scoring. While the former provides a single global score, the latter generates separate scores on different dimensions of interpreting performance. Despite the growing use of the two methods, there has been little research documenting their uses in interpreting assessment. We therefore conducted the present study to find out how scoring methods (i.e. holistic versus analytic) would affect the dependability of rater-generated scores, rater behaviour, assessment outcomes, and rater perceptions. Overall, our quantitative data analysis indicates that although the two methods rank-ordered performances similarly, the holistic scoring led to relatively higher score dependability, regardless of interpreting directions, and that the raters’ assessments of interpreting into their less dominant language were less dependable. Our content analysis of the qualitative data reveals raters’ concerns with the substantive meaning of holistic scores and the design of analytic descriptors. We discussed these findings in light of available literature on interpreting assessment. By doing so, we hope to provide some evidential basis for scale selection in rater-mediated assessment of spoken-language interpreting.
题目评分作为一种新兴的口语口译评估方法已经获得了广泛的关注,其中最著名的两种方法是基于评分量表的整体评分和分析评分。前者提供一个单一的整体分数,后者则根据口译表现的不同维度产生单独的分数。尽管这两种方法的使用越来越多,但很少有研究记录它们在口译评估中的应用。因此,我们进行了本研究,以找出评分方法(即整体与分析)如何影响评分者生成的分数、评分者行为、评估结果和评分者感知的可靠性。总体而言,我们的定量数据分析表明,尽管两种方法的排序表现相似,但无论口译方向如何,整体评分都导致了相对较高的评分可靠性,并且评分者对其非主导语言口译的评估不太可靠。我们对定性数据的内容分析揭示了评分者对整体得分的实质意义和分析描述符的设计的关注。我们根据现有的口译评估文献讨论了这些发现。本研究旨在为口语口译评鉴中的量表选择提供证据依据。
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引用次数: 0
Translation competence and collocation knowledge: Do congruency and word type have an effect on the accuracy of collocations in translation? 翻译能力与搭配知识:在翻译中,一致性和词性对搭配的准确性有影响吗?
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2084251
Suhad Sonbul, D. El-Dakhs, Hind M. Al-Otaibi
ABSTRACT Experimental research on the interface between second language vocabulary knowledge, including collocations, and translation competence is scarce. The present study investigates the role played by three determinants of collocation knowledge (knowledge level – recall versus recognition, congruency, and constituent word types) in the accuracy of collocation translation. The study involved thirty-nine female Arabic translation students completing three tasks: an L2 (English) – L1 (Arabic) contextual translation task, a form recall test, and a form recognition test. The target items were 40 English collocations (10 adjective + noun congruent, 10 adjective + noun incongruent, 10 verb + noun congruent, and 10 verb + noun incongruent). The results of mixed-effects modelling show that producing an acceptable L1 translation was predicted by congruency and form recall knowledge of collocations while word type and form recognition knowledge made no significant contribution. These results have important implications for the teaching of collocations to student translators.
关于第二语言词汇知识(包括搭配)与翻译能力之间关系的实验研究很少。本研究探讨了搭配知识的三个决定因素(知识水平——回忆与识别、一致性和组成词类型)在搭配翻译准确性中的作用。这项研究涉及39名阿拉伯语翻译女生,她们完成了三项任务:L2(英语)-L1(阿拉伯语)上下文翻译任务、表格回忆测试和表格识别测试。目标项目为40个英语搭配(10个形容词+名词全等,10个形容词+名词不一致,10个动词+名词全同,10个谓词+名词不协调)。混合效应模型的结果表明,产生可接受的L1翻译是由搭配的一致性和形式回忆知识预测的,而单词类型和形式识别知识没有显著贡献。这些结果对学生译者的搭配教学具有重要的指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
Where do translation students go? A study of the employment and mobility of Master graduates 翻译专业的学生去哪里学习?硕士毕业生就业与流动性研究
IF 1.5 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2022.2084595
Yu Hao, A. Pym
ABSTRACT Faced with technological disruption, the employability of translation graduates demands careful analysis. Interpretations of major previous surveys suggest that only about one third of graduates find employment as translators or interpreters, although about half of them tend to find employment using multilingual communication skills in various capacities. This reality check has major implications for any attempt to adjust training programmes to the demands of translation companies: it becomes very important to assess the wider range of jobs and the transferable skills that they require. A survey of graduates from the Chinese-English Master of Translation at the University of Melbourne offers detailed insight into the wider range of employment but differs from previous surveys in two respects. First, the international mobility of students means that multiple national differences have to be taken into account. And second, the 20% of graduates that undertook further study after the Master justifies part of the training being to meet the criteria of academic institutions. These two aspects may be generalisable to other training programmes and should help revise the way curricula are conceptualised.
摘要面对技术的颠覆,翻译专业毕业生的就业能力需要仔细分析。对以往主要调查的解释表明,只有约三分之一的毕业生找到了翻译或口译员的工作,尽管其中约一半的毕业生倾向于以各种身份利用多语言沟通技能找到工作。这种现实核查对根据翻译公司的需求调整培训计划的任何尝试都有重大影响:评估更广泛的工作及其所需的可转移技能变得非常重要。一项针对墨尔本大学中英文翻译硕士毕业生的调查提供了对更广泛就业范围的详细了解,但与之前的调查在两个方面有所不同。首先,学生的国际流动性意味着必须考虑到多个国家的差异。其次,20%的毕业生在硕士毕业后继续学习,证明部分培训符合学术机构的标准。这两个方面可以推广到其他培训计划中,并有助于修改课程的概念化方式。
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引用次数: 3
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Interpreter and Translator Trainer
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