D u r i n g i t s s e c o n D B r i t i s h s e t t l e m e n t between 1825 and 1855, Norfolk Island operated as an ultrapenal prison complex that was variously known as “Hell upon Earth,” one of the “five criminal cities” of the plain, and “Gomorrah Island” or “Sodom Island.” The isolated penal settlement was designed for recidivists and incorrigibles from the convict colonies of New South Wales and Van Diemen’s Land (the original name of Tasmania, changed in 1855) and the worst offenders from the British metropole. Lying roughly between New Zealand and New Caledonia, the small volcanic outcrop is some eight hundred kilometers (five hundred miles) from the nearest landmass, making for an ideal prison. Modern penal reformers campaigning for the end to the transportation system took
{"title":"Sodom Island: Pandæmonium and the Botany Bay of Botany Bay","authors":"M. Peart","doi":"10.7560/JHS28204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS28204","url":null,"abstract":"D u r i n g i t s s e c o n D B r i t i s h s e t t l e m e n t between 1825 and 1855, Norfolk Island operated as an ultrapenal prison complex that was variously known as “Hell upon Earth,” one of the “five criminal cities” of the plain, and “Gomorrah Island” or “Sodom Island.” The isolated penal settlement was designed for recidivists and incorrigibles from the convict colonies of New South Wales and Van Diemen’s Land (the original name of Tasmania, changed in 1855) and the worst offenders from the British metropole. Lying roughly between New Zealand and New Caledonia, the small volcanic outcrop is some eight hundred kilometers (five hundred miles) from the nearest landmass, making for an ideal prison. Modern penal reformers campaigning for the end to the transportation system took","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"28 1","pages":"263 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71339099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Same Bodies, Different Women: \"Other\" Women in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period ed. by Christopher Mielke and Andrea-Bianka Znorovsky (review)","authors":"K. Crawford","doi":"10.22618/tp.haa.20192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.haa.20192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"31 1","pages":"117 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43502071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I n a s c e n e f r o m e d u a r d o a . c a s t r e j ó n ’ s 1906 Los cuarenta y uno: Novela crítico-social (The forty-one: A novel of social criticism), the character Mimí sashays around the chandeliered ballroom arm in arm with his escort, Ninón, while the magnificent lights from the candelabras accentuate his padded hips. He greets spectators with a coquettish grin; his hair and makeup are meticulously done. The enthusiastic applause his entrance receives soon fades as the orchestra plays a heartfelt ballad that mixes in the air with the perfume of the gardenias and daisies. Expensive wine and champagne flow as the roughly forty-one male guests dance through the night. Nineteen of them wear elegant European women’s clothing and fine jewelry, while the rest have donned expensive tuxedos and white gloves. Although the orchestra blares loudly enough to mask the shuffling of guns and batons outside the house, it cannot muffle an alarmed shriek: “The police!! The gendarmes are knocking at the door!!!” Chaos erupts as police burst into the ballroom of the house. Disgusted upon learning that almost half of the guests are men dressed as women, the armed guards proceed to arrest everyone in sight. Mimí sobs as he is taken to the precinct. Abandoned emotionally by Ninón upon their deportation to the Yucatán, melancholia becomes his escort. The Dance of the Forty-One, the actual event upon which Castrejón’s novel is based, remains one of the most scandalous episodes in Mexican
I n a s c e n e f r o m e d u a r d o a。c a s t r e jón的1906年作品《Los cuarenta y uno:Novela crítico social》（《四十一：社会批评小说》）中，角色Mimí与他的护卫Ninón手挽手在吊灯舞厅里走来走去，而烛台上的华丽灯光则突出了他那软垫般的臀部。他带着风骚的笑容迎接观众；他的头发和妆容都做得一丝不苟。当管弦乐队演奏一首发自内心的民谣，空气中弥漫着栀子和雏菊的香味时，他入场时受到的热烈掌声很快就消失了。当大约四十一名男性客人彻夜跳舞时，昂贵的葡萄酒和香槟源源不断。其中19人穿着优雅的欧洲女装和精美的珠宝，其余人则穿着昂贵的燕尾服和白手套。尽管管弦乐队的音量足以掩盖屋外枪支和警棍的晃动，但它无法抑制惊慌的尖叫：“警察！！宪兵在敲门！！”当警察冲进房子的舞厅时，混乱爆发了。当得知几乎一半的客人是男扮女装时，武装警卫感到恶心，于是开始逮捕所有看到的人。Mimí被带到警局时哭泣。在他们被驱逐到尤卡坦时，尼农在情感上抛弃了忧郁症，忧郁症成了他的护卫。Castrejón的小说所依据的真实事件《四十一之舞》仍然是墨西哥最丑闻的情节之一
{"title":"“Todos/as somos 41”: The Dance of the Forty-One from Homosexual Reappropriation to Transgender Representation in Mexico, 1945–2001","authors":"Robert W. Franco","doi":"10.7560/JHS28103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS28103","url":null,"abstract":"I n a s c e n e f r o m e d u a r d o a . c a s t r e j ó n ’ s 1906 Los cuarenta y uno: Novela crítico-social (The forty-one: A novel of social criticism), the character Mimí sashays around the chandeliered ballroom arm in arm with his escort, Ninón, while the magnificent lights from the candelabras accentuate his padded hips. He greets spectators with a coquettish grin; his hair and makeup are meticulously done. The enthusiastic applause his entrance receives soon fades as the orchestra plays a heartfelt ballad that mixes in the air with the perfume of the gardenias and daisies. Expensive wine and champagne flow as the roughly forty-one male guests dance through the night. Nineteen of them wear elegant European women’s clothing and fine jewelry, while the rest have donned expensive tuxedos and white gloves. Although the orchestra blares loudly enough to mask the shuffling of guns and batons outside the house, it cannot muffle an alarmed shriek: “The police!! The gendarmes are knocking at the door!!!” Chaos erupts as police burst into the ballroom of the house. Disgusted upon learning that almost half of the guests are men dressed as women, the armed guards proceed to arrest everyone in sight. Mimí sobs as he is taken to the precinct. Abandoned emotionally by Ninón upon their deportation to the Yucatán, melancholia becomes his escort. The Dance of the Forty-One, the actual event upon which Castrejón’s novel is based, remains one of the most scandalous episodes in Mexican","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"28 1","pages":"66 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46554734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I n 1985 F r e n c h p h I l o s o p h e r Michel Foucault published an essay entitled “The Battle for Chastity” in which he examined the struggle of holy men, hermits, and the desert fathers to control their sexual desires and their bodies. The essay was based primarily on a close reading of the work of the monk and theologian John Cassian (ca. 360–ca. 435), specifically, the Institutes and the Conferences. Cassian spent considerable time traveling through the Egyptian deserts, particularly in Nitria and Scetis, west of the Nile and south of Alexandria, where there were an estimated five thousand monks and ascetics fleeing civilization for the harsh life of the desert. The experience of these monks formed the origin of the “myth of the desert,” a belief that isolation brought freedom from the world and its temptations. Cassian recorded their amazing feats of asceticism and absorbed and embraced their ascetic values and discipline, which were the foundation of his subsequent reflections on monasticism and chastity.
{"title":"The Battle for Chastity: Miraculous Castration and the Quelling of Desire in the Middle Ages","authors":"J. Murray","doi":"10.7560/JHS28104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS28104","url":null,"abstract":"I n 1985 F r e n c h p h I l o s o p h e r Michel Foucault published an essay entitled “The Battle for Chastity” in which he examined the struggle of holy men, hermits, and the desert fathers to control their sexual desires and their bodies. The essay was based primarily on a close reading of the work of the monk and theologian John Cassian (ca. 360–ca. 435), specifically, the Institutes and the Conferences. Cassian spent considerable time traveling through the Egyptian deserts, particularly in Nitria and Scetis, west of the Nile and south of Alexandria, where there were an estimated five thousand monks and ascetics fleeing civilization for the harsh life of the desert. The experience of these monks formed the origin of the “myth of the desert,” a belief that isolation brought freedom from the world and its temptations. Cassian recorded their amazing feats of asceticism and absorbed and embraced their ascetic values and discipline, which were the foundation of his subsequent reflections on monasticism and chastity.","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"28 1","pages":"116 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44735362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The decade between 1968 and 1978 was a period of remarkable activity in the state’s use of scientific knowledge about sex, gender, and sexuality to define individual bodies in Indonesia. This article, analyzes a particular locus for the deployment of expert knowledge about the body that emerged during this decade, the process through which Indonesian state experts incorporated, defined, and debated transnational knowledge about transgender femininity.
{"title":"The Perfect Woman: Transgender Femininity and National Modernity in New Order Indonesia, 1968–1978","authors":"Benjamin Hegarty","doi":"10.7560/JHS28102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS28102","url":null,"abstract":"The decade between 1968 and 1978 was a period of remarkable\u0000activity in the state’s use of scientific knowledge about sex, gender, and\u0000sexuality to define individual bodies in Indonesia. This article, analyzes\u0000a particular locus for the deployment of expert knowledge about the body\u0000that emerged during this decade, the process through which Indonesian\u0000state experts incorporated, defined, and debated transnational knowledge\u0000about transgender femininity.","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"28 1","pages":"44 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47693473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
{"title":"Albert Moll’s Ambivalence about Homosexuality and His Marginalization as a Sexual Pioneer","authors":"H. Oosterhuis","doi":"10.7560/JHS28101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS28101","url":null,"abstract":"• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"28 1","pages":"1 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46766746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Reviews","authors":"","doi":"10.7560/jhs28106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/jhs28106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41776173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O n a f a t e f u l m i d -S e p t e m b e r day in 1630, Hugh Davis found himself accused of a horrifying litany of crimes. He had shamed Christians. He had dishonored God. Moreover, he had abused himself. Davis had committed all of these crimes by lying with a Negro, and he paid a fearsome price for his transgression: the court ordered him to be flogged—publicly brutalized and humiliated—in front of an assembly of both whites and Africans. While Hugh Davis’s life must have left other marks in the historical record, the court’s sentence, a mere forty-three words long, is the only document about him to have survived. Starting with Carter Woodson, who wrote in 1918, most historians have assigned the Davis case to the history of American race relations and particularly to the hostility toward miscegenation so prevalent in the seventeenth century. If Davis committed fornication, then the case fits. Scholars have long recognized, as Jennifer M. Spear argues, that “throughout colonial
{"title":"Abusing Hugh Davis: Determining the Crime in a Seventeenth-Century American Morality Case","authors":"A. Willis","doi":"10.7560/JHS28105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS28105","url":null,"abstract":"O n a f a t e f u l m i d -S e p t e m b e r day in 1630, Hugh Davis found himself accused of a horrifying litany of crimes. He had shamed Christians. He had dishonored God. Moreover, he had abused himself. Davis had committed all of these crimes by lying with a Negro, and he paid a fearsome price for his transgression: the court ordered him to be flogged—publicly brutalized and humiliated—in front of an assembly of both whites and Africans. While Hugh Davis’s life must have left other marks in the historical record, the court’s sentence, a mere forty-three words long, is the only document about him to have survived. Starting with Carter Woodson, who wrote in 1918, most historians have assigned the Davis case to the history of American race relations and particularly to the hostility toward miscegenation so prevalent in the seventeenth century. If Davis committed fornication, then the case fits. Scholars have long recognized, as Jennifer M. Spear argues, that “throughout colonial","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"28 1","pages":"117 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44453127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polyandry and Wife-Selling in Qing Dynasty China: Survival Strategies and Judicial Interventions by Matthew H. Sommer (review)","authors":"J. Ransmeier","doi":"10.5860/choice.196770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.196770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"27 1","pages":"501 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42938109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L a t e i n t h e s u m m e r o f 1972 , the Adult World Bookstore opened its doors in the neighborhood of Redford, a residential community located in northwest Detroit. The bookstore—and the pornographic material it housed—quickly caught the attention of Pastor James O. Banks of the Redford Presbyterian Church, who on September 17 used his weekly sermon to discuss the Adult World. In his remarks the pastor condemned the bookstore, bemoaning what its opening symbolized both for the Redford neighborhood and more broadly for Christian values. He sought to draw distinctions between normative sexuality (practiced within the bounds of heterosexual marriage) and commercial sex as represented by the goods on offer at the Adult World: “It is cheap. It is raw sex. It is crude. It is degrading. It is sex separated from sexuality. It is sex pictures and symbols being sold. It is wrong. It represents a way of life in total contradiction to the Christian.” The pastor used his sermon to reiterate the importance of Christian norms on sex, norms that had been central to antiporn politics for decades. Banks ended his speech by calling on his congregation to reject apathy and take action against the bookstore. And take action they did. Letters protesting the Adult World soon began arriving in the mailboxes of major city officials. What started as a slow stream of letters soon became a flood, with not only church members but also many neighborhood residents and organizations writing to express their consternation. Their letters, however, quite often emphasized concerns
1972年12月，在底特律西北部的居民区雷德福(Redford)附近，成人世界书店(Adult World Bookstore)开张了。这家书店和里面的色情材料很快引起了雷德福长老会牧师詹姆斯o班克斯的注意，他在9月17日的每周布道中讨论了成人世界。牧师在讲话中谴责了这家书店，哀叹它的开业对雷德福社区乃至更广泛意义上的基督教价值观的象征意义。他试图区分规范性的性行为(在异性婚姻的范围内进行)和以成人世界提供的商品为代表的商业性行为:“它很便宜。这是原始的性爱。它很粗糙。这是可耻的。这是性与性的分离。卖的是色情图片和色情符号。这是错误的。它代表了一种与基督教完全矛盾的生活方式。”牧师在布道中重申了基督教性规范的重要性，这些规范几十年来一直是反色情政治的核心。班克斯在演讲结束时呼吁他的会众拒绝冷漠，采取行动反对这家书店。他们确实采取了行动。抗议成人世界的信件很快就开始寄到主要城市官员的邮箱里。一开始只是缓慢的信件流，很快就变成了洪水，不仅是教会成员，还有许多社区居民和组织都写信来表达他们的惊愕。然而，他们的信件往往强调了他们的担忧
{"title":"The Blight of Indecency: Antiporn Politics and the Urban Crisis in Early 1970s Detroit","authors":"Ben Strassfeld","doi":"10.7560/JHS27304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS27304","url":null,"abstract":"L a t e i n t h e s u m m e r o f 1972 , the Adult World Bookstore opened its doors in the neighborhood of Redford, a residential community located in northwest Detroit. The bookstore—and the pornographic material it housed—quickly caught the attention of Pastor James O. Banks of the Redford Presbyterian Church, who on September 17 used his weekly sermon to discuss the Adult World. In his remarks the pastor condemned the bookstore, bemoaning what its opening symbolized both for the Redford neighborhood and more broadly for Christian values. He sought to draw distinctions between normative sexuality (practiced within the bounds of heterosexual marriage) and commercial sex as represented by the goods on offer at the Adult World: “It is cheap. It is raw sex. It is crude. It is degrading. It is sex separated from sexuality. It is sex pictures and symbols being sold. It is wrong. It represents a way of life in total contradiction to the Christian.” The pastor used his sermon to reiterate the importance of Christian norms on sex, norms that had been central to antiporn politics for decades. Banks ended his speech by calling on his congregation to reject apathy and take action against the bookstore. And take action they did. Letters protesting the Adult World soon began arriving in the mailboxes of major city officials. What started as a slow stream of letters soon became a flood, with not only church members but also many neighborhood residents and organizations writing to express their consternation. Their letters, however, quite often emphasized concerns","PeriodicalId":45704,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","volume":"27 1","pages":"420 - 441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46650016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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