European Research on Management and Business Economics最新文献

Unstable fluctuations in financial markets caused by the 2008 financial crisis and currently by the Covid-19 crisis have generated greater concern among investors regarding their capital protection. In view of this situation, the consideration of alternative investments has taken a relevant position to protect their wealth and obtain profits. Due to the relevance of these investments in these times, this study proposes using artificial intelligence to predict the value of alternative investments, specifically the numismatic asset the Walking Liberty Half Dollar. To achieve this objective, the use of Generalized Regression Neural Networks has been proposed over a sample 25 coins of the Walking Liberty Half Dollar with several qualities valued in the period 2000-2019. Two models were proposed, one for the entire selected sample and the other one for each type of coin depending on its year of minting. Thus, it has been found that the model proposed for the entire sample has a success rate of between 86.12% and 97% while the approach for each type of coin obtained success rates that even reach 100%. The variables that have the greatest influence within the model are the state of conservation of the coin, its age, and its exclusivity. In this way, these results provide fundamental information to investors to understand the behaviour of these assets, and to be able to formulate more profitable investment portfolios, especially in times of great economic instability.

As the world is fighting against the continuous spread of the COVID-Sars-2 virus and the consequences the pandemic has brought about on economic, political and societal levels, the emergence of the vaccination programs seems to be the biggest hope for a quick return to, popularly called, the “new normal”.

As it is not feasible to vaccinate at the same time the whole population, the states, provinces and cities had arranged – though, admittedly, taking into consideration limited numbers of criteria - homogenous groups of citizens, who, labelled as “risk groups”, have been chosen as those who will be receiving the vaccination before others, adding to the already existing feelings of chaos and shortage.

We want to address the issue that despite the access to the expertise and knowledge of intradisciplinary committees, we still do not have a satisfactory answer regarding the further steps for the vaccination programs. We believe it is due to the persistence of the binary way of reasoning, with its tendency to overlook the complexity of the issue and emphasize objectivity while neglecting the subjective factors that cannot be easily quantified.

For that very reason, we propose the application of the theories of uncertainty with the support of the fuzzy subset theory, which will result in the creation of the humanist algorithms of clustering of populations, allotment of different kinds of vaccine for diverse persons in the groups and, finally, ranking for the priority of vaccination. This approach will allow designing a vaccination model to that will allow to maintain, to the highest possible level, the principles of ethics, morale and solidarity, and efficiency and effectiveness.

The COVID-19 outbreak changed dramatically and altered the attitudes, intentions and purchasing patterns of consumers. This global crisis was particularly notable because of globalization—the interconnection of markets and countries—and its unprecedented coverage by traditional and digital media.

This research queried the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on consumers’ motivation and behavior. The present paper was based on the results of mixed methods —qualitative and quantitative analyses—conducted in more than 55 countries and collectively engaging 1,015 participants. The studies were performed by the end of March 2020, at which time the pandemic was at its first peak, allowing data to be collected in real time, recording the actual behaviors of consumers and not simply what they could recall after the fact.

As a result of the COVID-19 crisis, many changes took place in consumer behavior related to products, channels, and motivations. These changes proved to be more related to consumers’ perceptions of the crisis than to its practical effects. Several managerial and theoretical implications are provided, as well as compelling future research avenues.

The emergence of Covid-19 has affected all aspects of human life across the globe. Lockdowns everywhere are having dramatic social and economic consequences. No therapy has yet been approved, and vaccines are a priority potential tool to control the pandemic and its impacts. Multiple vaccines are in the last stage of the development process, but part of the population is not willing to get vaccinated for Covid-19. Several studies have examined the percentage of the population willing to get vaccinated, but few have analyzed the reasons for their decision. In this context, researching the factors influencing individuals’ intention to use a potential Covid-19 vaccine will be important to public health strategies. This paper analyzes these factors with an adapted Cognitive-Affective-Normative (CAN) model. Perceived vaccine efficacy is used as a cognitive variable, fear of the vaccine and fear of Covid-19 are used as affective variables, and social influence is used as the normative variable. The proposed model strongly explains the intention to use the Covid-19 vaccine (R2 = 0.81). The results show that vaccine efficacy will be the most important determinant of Covid-19 vaccine acceptance, followed by social influence. The findings can be very helpful for public health policies aimed at achieving widespread vaccination, a must for vaccine success.

Drawing on the literature on organizational change, technological change, and inertia, this paper explores how the moment that companies choose to initiate a technological change relative to other companies from the same regional and industrial context influences the company's performance. In particular, we test the excess inertia and excess momentum phenomena that refer to timely and untimely technological shifts in companies. A data set comprising about 1000 of the largest Russian companies, affiliated with 19 industries, located in most of the Russian regions, for 10 years starting from 2008, is used. Applying a multi-level approach of hierarchical linear modeling, we estimated the region environment effect and the industry effect on sales and productivity. The use of moderation effects of the correspondent technology adoption with the average lag or lead from the representative company in the industry or region, could help us demonstrate what digital technologies are probably associated with the excess inertia and the excess momentum phenomena on the industry and regional level. The results reveal that the industry effect is a major determinant of firm productivity, whereas sales are mainly influenced by the region effect. Our investigation also found that companies are more likely to exhibit excess inertia rather than excess momentum.

Academic entrepreneurial opportunities are a key factor in the development of new spin-offs. This study examines the relationship between academic entrepreneurial opportunities perceived by academics and these academics’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) to determine which dimensions of ESE (among management, innovation, marketing, risk-taking and financial control) are significantly related to these opportunities. It also analyses how industrial and entrepreneurial networks, as part of the university's entrepreneurial ecosystem, influence this relationship. A quantitative method is used to achieve this goal, developing a structural equations model and applying partial least squares technique to analyse a sample of 388 Spanish academics. The results show that the dimensions of ESE related to variables such as management, innovation and marketing have a positive and significant relationship to perception of entrepreneurial opportunities. This situation is different, however, for dimensions such as risk-taking and financial control. Moreover, the findings show that entrepreneurial and industrial networks have a significant effect on this relationship.

This paper analyzes the mediating role of employees’ emotional exhaustion between laissez-faire leadership and employees’ job attitudes (intrinsic satisfaction and turnover intention), and also the moderating role of influence at work, interactional justice and helping behaviors on employees’ feelings of emotional exhaustion. Structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis were used in a sample of 511 public healthcare professionals. The results show that emotional exhaustion partially mediates the relationships between laissez-faire leadership and both intrinsic satisfaction and turnover intention. Influence at work moderates the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and emotional exhaustion; interactional justice moderates the relationship between emotional exhaustion and intrinsic satisfaction; and extra-role behaviors moderate the relationship between emotional exhaustion and turnover intention. To date, there are few studies analyzing the mediating role of emotional exhaustion in public healthcare, and there are no studies analyzing how its negative effects can be moderated. The conclusions may help human resources managers design new strategies to prevent and mitigate emotional exhaustion and contribute healthcare employees to cope with its serious effects, encouraging a healthy environment that gives priority to workers’ well-being and service quality.

In this paper we argue that there is an extensive number of studies examining how firms obtain new products from their interactions with scientific agents, but other type of benefits has been overlooked. Specifically, we add to previous literature by considering not only product innovation, but also exploratory (long-term) and exploitative (short-term) results. We administer a tailored survey to firms collaborating with the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and data was completed with secondary sources. Results based on a sample of 756 firms suggest that firms consider all types of result as moderately important to them. Moreover, we observe that small firms report higher benefits in terms of product innovation and long-term results in contrast to large firms.

The purpose of this paper is to improve understanding of Tourism Innovation by using a Uses and Gratification Theory model to investigate tourist intention to visit a city after reading other users' valuations of the destination on Mobile Applications.

The Uses and Gratification Theory (U&G) model was adapted to investigate the factors which influence tourist intention to visit a city. Satisfaction and Tourism Experience were added as external variables to the U&G model. The original Convenience construct for mobile tourism applications was changed to Mobile Convenience for this study.

A survey was carried out to investigate the factors which influence tourist intention to visit a City. 261 users with different nationalities were asked about their experiences and feelings when using Runnin'City, which was the mobile tourism application used in this study. The results were analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). All the relationships of U&G were supported, except for Information for Tourism Experience.

Self-Expression was found to be especially relevant and was moderated by Entertainment, Information and Mobile Convenience which in turn influence Satisfaction, Tourism Experience and Intention to visit a City.

The Gender and Running frequency variables were also investigated using multi-group analysis. The influence of Mobile Convenience on Satisfaction was seen to be moderated by Gender, and the relationships of Information and Entertainment on satisfaction are moderated by Running Frequency.

The results obtained with the proposed changes in the U&G model will be very useful for academics and also for designers and developers of mobile tourism apps as they show the special role played by Self-Expression and Entertainment as relevant factors for the success of a mobile tourism app.

In a time of persistent and fierce “war for talents,” which is naturally inherent to the knowledge-intensive industries, the issue of employees’ job satisfaction is of the utmost managerial significance. In that respect, this study explores certain intrinsic factors that underlie the job satisfaction concept, as well as the durability of employees’ job satisfaction. Based on the extant literature, a theoretical model of job satisfaction was designed, which was subsequently tested using the data gathered through the surveys conducted over the ten years. The results obtained by model testing show that employees’ job expectations make up that particular intrinsic factor that differentiates job satisfaction from non-satisfaction. More intriguingly, the results showed that prior job satisfaction is not a reliable predictor of later job satisfaction.