Advanced Fiber Materials最新文献

Repairing abdominal wall defects presents significant challenges, due to the high infection risk, poor biocompatibility, and insufficient mechanical strength associated with synthetic materials. To overcome these limitations, we developed a bioinspired multifunctional 3DPF patch by integrating 3D printing and electrospinning technologies. The core material of the patch is 4arm-PLGA-GPO (4A-GPO), synthesized by conjugating the Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPO) peptide sequence with 4arm-PLGA(4A), which significantly enhances bioactivity and mechanical properties. Additionally, the patch encapsulates basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to stimulate cell proliferation and migration, while an antibacterial layer composes of emodin (EMO) and tobramycin to prevent infection. In vivo studies demonstrate the 3DPF patch effectively accelerates tissue repair by reducing fibrosis and adhesions, promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition, and modulating the immune response. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that the patch downregulates IL-17 mediated inflammatory pathways while upregulating cell adhesion molecule-related pathways, synergistically facilitating microenvironment reconstruction. Furthermore, molecular docking studies suggest the patch interacts with key molecules such as VEGF and COL3, enhancing angiogenesis and matrix remodeling. In summary, this biomimetic patch, composed of bioactive materials with well-defined chemical compositions, integrates mechanical support, immune modulation, and antibacterial protection. by offering a comprehensive solution for abdominal wall repair, it holds significant potential for clinical translation in complex tissue engineering applications.

Augmented-tactility wearable devices have attracted significant attention for their potential to expand the boundaries of human tactile capabilities and their broad applications in medical rehabilitation. Nonetheless, these devices face challenges in practical applications, including high susceptibility to the operating environments, such as variations in pressure, humidity, and touch speed, as well as concerns regarding wearability and comfort. In this work, we developed an augmented-tactility superskin, termed AtSkin, which integrates a skin-compatible nanofiber sensor array and deep learning algorithms to enhance material recognition regardless of the ambient environment. We fabricated a lightweight and breathable triboelectric sensor array with multilayer nanofiber architectures through electrospinning and hot pressing. The carefully selected combination of sensing layers can capture the electrical characteristics of different materials, thus enabling their distinction. Combined with deep learning algorithms, AtSkin achieved an accuracy of 97.9% in distinguishing visually similar resin and fabric materials, even under varying environmental pressures and humidities. As a proof of concept, we constructed an intelligent augmented-tactility system capable of identifying fabrics with similar textures and hand feel, demonstrating the potential of the superskin to expand human tactile capabilities, enhance augmented reality experiences, and revolutionize intelligent healthcare solutions.

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Electromagnetic wave (EMW)-absorbing materials can effectively mitigate the issues arising from the development of electromagnetic technology, such as electromagnetic radiation, communication interference and information leakage. Fiber materials, with the advantages of lightweight, high aspect ratio and pronounced mechanical properties, can enhance the scattering effect and transmission path of EMWs at reduced working thicknesses. Significant research efforts have been dedicated to fiber component modulation and microstructure design toward enhancing the effective absorption bandwidth and the dissipation of EMWs. This review summarizes the recent developments in EMW-absorbing fibers, including their absorption mechanisms, preparation methods, performance optimization and structural design. For inorganic EMW-absorbing fibers, their inherent dielectric properties allow the matrix to absorb EMWs, while doping with additional components further enhances impedance matching. In contrast, organic fibers, which generally lack intrinsic EMW-absorbing capabilities, require hybridization with various organic or inorganic functional materials and structural modifications to optimize EMW-absorbing performance. Finally, emerging trends and ongoing challenges in the development of EMW-absorbing fibers are discussed, with the goal of promoting their practical applications. This review gives new insights into the research of EMW-absorbing fibers and fabrics, which will significantly relieve the imminent concerns regarding electromagnetic radiation.

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The occurrence of uncontrolled hemorrhage and wound infection represents a significant cause of mortality in military and clinical settings, particularly in instances of traumatic injury. In this regard, developing an effective method to facilitate rapid hemostasis and treat infected wounds is of significant importance and value. In this study, we developed a novel strategy for the one-step manufacturing and crosslinking of gelatin (Gel)/Polygonum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) bioactive nanofibrous sponge through electrospinning with a homemade liquid vortex collector. Attributed to the addition of a specific ratio of tannic acid (TA) in the electrospinning solution, the resulting gelatin-tannic acid-Polygonum sibiricum polysaccharide (GelTa-PSP) nanofibrous sponges can be in-situ crosslinked during the electrospinning process and easily collected in the expected shape and size, without the need for any toxic crosslinking agent for post-treatment. We demonstrate that GelTa-PSP nanofibrous sponges possess excellent water absorption and hemostatic properties, adequate antimicrobial activity, and favorable biocompatibility. Specifically, the GelTa-PSP nanofibrous sponges encourage blood cell adhesion and exhibit strong hemostatic capabilities. In comparison to medical gauze, the GelTa-PSP nanofibrous sponges provide effective procoagulant function and hemostatic impact in rat tail-breaking and liver injury models. Moreover, due to the bioactivity of Chinese herbal medicine flavonoid polysaccharides, the GelTa-PSP nanofibrous sponges demonstrated enhanced performance in wound healing of infected rats. These findings suggest that GelTa-PSP nanofibrous sponges hold significant potential as a biomaterial for clinical applications in hemostasis and wound healing.

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Schematic illustration showing the preparation of GelTa-PSP nanofibrous sponges and its application for rapid hemostasis and infected wound healing

Peri-implantitis is the main reason for dental implant failure. Optimizing electroactivity at the interface between dental implants and tissue is essential for enhancing integration and preventing bacterial invasion. Here, a bioinspired piezoelectric-conductive integrated peri-implant gingiva (PiG) with simultaneously enhanced antibacterial efficacy and soft-tissue integration, which is based on a flexible piezoelectric film and conductive polymer network, is presented. The piezoelectricity of PiG is achieved through the electrospinning of polyvinylidene fluoride/BaTiO₃/MXene on a polydopamine-modified plasma-activated Ti surface, whereas the conductive property of PiG is achieved by the in situ polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers. Under ultrasonic irradiation, PiG can promote the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps and reactive oxygen species, thus achieving synergistic and efficient piezodynamic killing of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Additionally, piezoelectricity-enabled electrical stimulation endows PiG with enhanced fibroblasts adhesion, proliferation, and collagen secretion. As a demonstration, ultrasound irradiation of PiG-grafted Ti implanted in a subcutaneous implantation rat model efficiently eliminates the S. aureus infection and rescues the implant with increased soft-tissue integration. The concept of an artificial PiG is anticipated to open new avenues for the development of high-performance implant materials, potentially extending their lifespans.

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Electrospun fiber membranes enable oil–water emulsion separation via tunable morphology and chemistry, yet most face an efficiency–permeability trade-off where enhancing one compromises the other. Herein, optimized membranes (C-NFO@GDY) are synthesized with a uniform honeycomb nanostructure of graphdiyne (GDY) on flexible coal-based preoxidized fibers (C-NFO) through the Glaser‒Hay coupling reaction. The honeycomb nanostructure of GDY effectively disperses external stress on the C-NFO fibers, increasing the tensile strength from 2.8 to 3.2 MPa. In addition, the nanostructure enhances hydration layer formation kinetics, achieving superhydrophilicity (0°) and underwater superoleophobicity (> 150°) of the membrane. When tested against three surfactant-stabilized emulsions (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80)), the membranes demonstrated separation fluxes of 2936 L/(m² h), 2149 L/(m² h), and 1855 L/(m² h), and the corresponding separation efficiencies were 99.6%, 96.6%, and 93.1%. For CTAB-stabilized emulsions, the C-NFO@GDY membrane (zeta potential: − 65.2 mV) exhibits strong electrostatic attraction with cationic surfactants, achieving a high flux of 2936 L/(m² h) and a separation efficiency of 99.6%, surpassing those of recently reported MXene and PANI composites under identical conditions. Overall, the synergy between honeycomb nanostructure and electronegativity of GDY overcomes the flux–efficiency trade-off, offering new ideas for the preparation of oil–water separation membranes.

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Wearable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a transformative technology for converting low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical power, offering promising applications in electronic skins, human–machine interfaces, and advanced healthcare systems. However, achieving structural robustness and multifunctionality in thermal regulation remains a persistent challenge for TENG-based skin electronics. This deficiency compromises the charge transfer efficiency and diminishes user comfort during prolonged wear. This study introduces a novel thermally regulating triboelectric nanogenerator (TR-TENG) in the form of a bilayer electronic textile (e-textile) fabricated through a semi-bonding assembly approach. The e-textile comprises two distinct layers: nonwoven styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) textiles loaded with highly reflective and electronegative polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) nanoparticles (NPs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers embedded with emissive and electropositive SiO₂ NPs. These layers are merged via hot-press needle punching, creating a flexible, permeable yet robust interface capable of dual functionalities—enhanced solar reflection and efficient infrared emission—while maintaining stable triboelectric performance. When utilized as a skin-attachable self-powered motion sensor, this e-textile provides a remarkable passive radiative cooling effect and high-fidelity recognition of both high-frequency and subtle motions (swallowing, running, breathing, etc.). This TR-TENG e-textile presents a breakthrough in self-powered and comfortable electronics for next-generation healthcare technologies.

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Developing electronic skin (e-skin) with extraordinary sensing capabilities through biomimetic strategies holds significant potential for distributed wearable electronics in the Internet of Things and human–machine interaction. However, moisture accumulation at the surface between e-skin and human skin severly affects the stability and accuracy of sensing signals. Thermal-moisture comfort and stable functional interfaces of e-skins are still great challenges that need to be addressed. Herein, inspired by the dual-sided structure of lotus leaf, we demonstrate an unidirectional water transport e-skin (UWTES) by constructing a gradient structure of porosity and hydrophilicity using one-step electrospinning thermoplastic polyurethane/poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (TPU/PVDF-HFP) with an alloyed liquid metal-based (LM-Ag) electrode. A UWTES textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator (UT-TENG) exhibits a maximum open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and power density of 188.7 V, 18.89 μA and 4.73 mW/m², respectively. Additionally, a temperature visualization system for UWTES textile (TUWTES) enables real-time monitoring and displays of body temperature during intense physical activity. Through a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), the gait motion recognition system achieves a highly accuracy of 99.7%. This design strategy provides new insights into the development of integrated smart textiles with improved thermal-moisture comfort and user-friendliness.

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