Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17721/studling2023.22.116-125
Liudmyla Tomilenko
The article considers peculiarities of the vocabulary presentation related to the masculine form in particular based on the three well-known Russian-Ukrainian dictionaries of the beginning of the 20th century. A holistic analysis of different groups of vocabulary in the selected dictionaries can be performed due to digital lexicographic systems created considering paper dictionaries and a noun database with extensive querying capabilities. This study demonstrates the presence of a significant number of units to refer to individuals in translated sources of the early twentieth century. The major part is represented by masculine nouns. The most comprehensive section was the lexical-semantic group for designating individuals determined by occupation, profession, specialization, job title, etc. Even though the group includes nouns of both genders, masculine nouns prevail. Consistently, without feminine counterparts, only professional names, which are borrowed words with the components -log, -graph, -meter, are given in common language dictionaries (both of the previous era and modern ones). Only in the form of the masculine gender, translated lexicographic works also record the names of persons by military positions, ranks, place of service, etc., and the majority of names used to indicate religious and church titles, ranks, etc. A similar situation can be observed when it comes to modern sources analysis. In contrast to lexicographic practice, the modern Ukrainian language (media mainly) shows a significant increase in usage of neo-feminine gendered words, including the ones with previously unpopular affixes. In the perspective, it is planned to cover the vocabulary provided in lexicographical sources of the early twentieth century, which belongs to different lexical and semantic groups and compare it with its modern equivalents.
{"title":"ANDROCENTRISM IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AND DICTIONARIES: THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY AND MODERNITY","authors":"Liudmyla Tomilenko","doi":"10.17721/studling2023.22.116-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/studling2023.22.116-125","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers peculiarities of the vocabulary presentation related to the masculine form in particular based on the three well-known Russian-Ukrainian dictionaries of the beginning of the 20th century. A holistic analysis of different groups of vocabulary in the selected dictionaries can be performed due to digital lexicographic systems created considering paper dictionaries and a noun database with extensive querying capabilities. This study demonstrates the presence of a significant number of units to refer to individuals in translated sources of the early twentieth century. The major part is represented by masculine nouns. The most comprehensive section was the lexical-semantic group for designating individuals determined by occupation, profession, specialization, job title, etc. Even though the group includes nouns of both genders, masculine nouns prevail. Consistently, without feminine counterparts, only professional names, which are borrowed words with the components -log, -graph, -meter, are given in common language dictionaries (both of the previous era and modern ones). Only in the form of the masculine gender, translated lexicographic works also record the names of persons by military positions, ranks, place of service, etc., and the majority of names used to indicate religious and church titles, ranks, etc. A similar situation can be observed when it comes to modern sources analysis. In contrast to lexicographic practice, the modern Ukrainian language (media mainly) shows a significant increase in usage of neo-feminine gendered words, including the ones with previously unpopular affixes. In the perspective, it is planned to cover the vocabulary provided in lexicographical sources of the early twentieth century, which belongs to different lexical and semantic groups and compare it with its modern equivalents.","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135913677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17721/studling2023.22.9-22
Alla Belova
Sensorial experience has always been of paramount importance for humans, their survival, and world cognition. The rise of Sensory/ Sensorial/ Sensitive Linguistics in the 21st century, interest in multimodality, and digital technologies advance triggered computerized research of gustatory, olfactory, and tactile perception as well as diverse experiments in Psycholinguistics, Neurolinguistics, Cognitive Linguistics. 500 connoisseurial food reviews written by prominent restaurant critics in Great Britain and the United States of America in 2020-2023 were analyzed to find out textual ways of communicating taste. The article analyzes language means used to package taste perception, focusing on gustatory, olfactory, and tactile modalities in Modern English, the intersection of gustation and olfaction, in particular, sensory lexemes across categories. Word frequency and combinability of basic taste terms, gustatory words, and non-taste-related words were analyzed to describe taste types and flavour degrees. Food reviews reveal the dominance of veridical tastes, not generic taste types. Tactile modality is expressed in food reviews in multiple ways, proving that the meal’s texture and some ingredients are one of the essential parameters of the meal evaluation. Visual modality is realized through numerous photos of the dishes and restaurants accompanying reviews. Auditory modality in food reviews is reduced to a couple of adjectives and their derivatives. The research is done within Culinary Linguistics deals with diverse genres of food writing, Sensitive Linguistics that focuses on perceptual modalities, Multimodality Theory as eating and food tasting are viewed as multisensory experience and Cognitive Linguistics, in particular, categorization of sensual perceptions.
{"title":"GUSTATORY, OLFACTORY, TACTILE MODALITIES IN CONNOISSEURIAL FOOD REVIEWS","authors":"Alla Belova","doi":"10.17721/studling2023.22.9-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/studling2023.22.9-22","url":null,"abstract":"Sensorial experience has always been of paramount importance for humans, their survival, and world cognition. The rise of Sensory/ Sensorial/ Sensitive Linguistics in the 21st century, interest in multimodality, and digital technologies advance triggered computerized research of gustatory, olfactory, and tactile perception as well as diverse experiments in Psycholinguistics, Neurolinguistics, Cognitive Linguistics. 500 connoisseurial food reviews written by prominent restaurant critics in Great Britain and the United States of America in 2020-2023 were analyzed to find out textual ways of communicating taste. The article analyzes language means used to package taste perception, focusing on gustatory, olfactory, and tactile modalities in Modern English, the intersection of gustation and olfaction, in particular, sensory lexemes across categories. Word frequency and combinability of basic taste terms, gustatory words, and non-taste-related words were analyzed to describe taste types and flavour degrees. Food reviews reveal the dominance of veridical tastes, not generic taste types. Tactile modality is expressed in food reviews in multiple ways, proving that the meal’s texture and some ingredients are one of the essential parameters of the meal evaluation. Visual modality is realized through numerous photos of the dishes and restaurants accompanying reviews. Auditory modality in food reviews is reduced to a couple of adjectives and their derivatives. The research is done within Culinary Linguistics deals with diverse genres of food writing, Sensitive Linguistics that focuses on perceptual modalities, Multimodality Theory as eating and food tasting are viewed as multisensory experience and Cognitive Linguistics, in particular, categorization of sensual perceptions.","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135846632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17721/studling2023.22.48-63
Oleg Hirnyak
Words used to identify ethnic groups, nationalities, or nations are called ethnonyms. These terms come from different sources and represent various aspects of a particular group’s culture and history. Ethnonyms can affect how an ethnic group sees themselves and how others perceive them, as they often contain auto-stereotypes and reflect perceptions of other communities. These names are essential to the language of each group and help shape their worldview based on the linguistic community’s stereotypes. Stereotypes and associations related to ethnonyms are deeply rooted in society and culture. The effect of wartime experiences has significantly altered the stereotypes of the Ukrainian-speaking community, indicating their flexibility over time. This article discusses the evaluation concept in linguistics, which involves expressing one’s subjective attitude toward a particular topic in speech. Objective and subjective factors play a role in the evaluative activity, including elements like axiological predicates, motivation, classifiers, and intensifiers. Categorization is an essential aspect of human cognitive activity, as it allows us to organize knowledge into distinct categories based on similarities and differences between objects and phenomena. Each category is multifaceted and interdependent with others. The article applies these concepts to the analysis of the ethnonym “moskal” and its derivatives, which have negative connotations and emotional associations in the Ukrainian segment of the Internet. Using these terms in different contexts can elicit positive or negative reactions, which should be considered when analyzing their usage.
{"title":"SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE ETHNONYM MOSKAL IN THE UKRAINIAN INTERNET SEGMENT","authors":"Oleg Hirnyak","doi":"10.17721/studling2023.22.48-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/studling2023.22.48-63","url":null,"abstract":"Words used to identify ethnic groups, nationalities, or nations are called ethnonyms. These terms come from different sources and represent various aspects of a particular group’s culture and history. Ethnonyms can affect how an ethnic group sees themselves and how others perceive them, as they often contain auto-stereotypes and reflect perceptions of other communities. These names are essential to the language of each group and help shape their worldview based on the linguistic community’s stereotypes. Stereotypes and associations related to ethnonyms are deeply rooted in society and culture. The effect of wartime experiences has significantly altered the stereotypes of the Ukrainian-speaking community, indicating their flexibility over time. This article discusses the evaluation concept in linguistics, which involves expressing one’s subjective attitude toward a particular topic in speech. Objective and subjective factors play a role in the evaluative activity, including elements like axiological predicates, motivation, classifiers, and intensifiers. Categorization is an essential aspect of human cognitive activity, as it allows us to organize knowledge into distinct categories based on similarities and differences between objects and phenomena. Each category is multifaceted and interdependent with others. The article applies these concepts to the analysis of the ethnonym “moskal” and its derivatives, which have negative connotations and emotional associations in the Ukrainian segment of the Internet. Using these terms in different contexts can elicit positive or negative reactions, which should be considered when analyzing their usage.","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135913946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17721/studling2023.22.23-33
Yurii Bilokobylskyi
The current article studies transformations of gender conceptualization in the political discourse of the USA from 2017 to 2021. In recent years, numerous large-scale protests in the United States of America, such as #MeToo, have affected political discourse, in particular in the United States. It should be noted that specific changes were also caused by the publication of UN recommendations on the use of more inclusive language in political communication, which did not rely on a binary understanding of gender, suggesting for the first time the use of gender-neutral terms and the avoidance of words that indicate masculinity (for example, congressman, etc.). These events lead to the transformation of the English language and weaken the binary understanding of gender, which can potentially affect the English speakers’ language world model. The article aims to investigate changes in the gender component in the language of USA political discourse associated with the introduction of gender-inclusive language and its impact on changes in the modern English language. To study the transformations of gender concept in the political discourse of the United States, a corpus linguistic analysis of the language of the United States Congress is proposed. Using two language corpora, namely the Google Books Ngram Viewer and the Congressional Regional Corpus, the article compares the frequency of use of gender marked words that are associated with a specific gender (e. g., congressman, spokesperson, etc.) with the frequency of their gender-neutral equivalents (representative, spokesperson, etc.). The comparative analysis allows us to draw a conclusion about changes in the political discourse of the USA, in particular in its gender conceptualisation: the gender component is becoming more inclusive, the binary understanding of gender is becoming less unambiguous, and the attitude towards non-binary personalities is becoming more tolerant.
{"title":"TRANSFORMATIONS OF GENDER CONCEPTUALISATION IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF THE USA (2017-2021)","authors":"Yurii Bilokobylskyi","doi":"10.17721/studling2023.22.23-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/studling2023.22.23-33","url":null,"abstract":"The current article studies transformations of gender conceptualization in the political discourse of the USA from 2017 to 2021. In recent years, numerous large-scale protests in the United States of America, such as #MeToo, have affected political discourse, in particular in the United States. It should be noted that specific changes were also caused by the publication of UN recommendations on the use of more inclusive language in political communication, which did not rely on a binary understanding of gender, suggesting for the first time the use of gender-neutral terms and the avoidance of words that indicate masculinity (for example, congressman, etc.). These events lead to the transformation of the English language and weaken the binary understanding of gender, which can potentially affect the English speakers’ language world model. The article aims to investigate changes in the gender component in the language of USA political discourse associated with the introduction of gender-inclusive language and its impact on changes in the modern English language. To study the transformations of gender concept in the political discourse of the United States, a corpus linguistic analysis of the language of the United States Congress is proposed. Using two language corpora, namely the Google Books Ngram Viewer and the Congressional Regional Corpus, the article compares the frequency of use of gender marked words that are associated with a specific gender (e. g., congressman, spokesperson, etc.) with the frequency of their gender-neutral equivalents (representative, spokesperson, etc.). The comparative analysis allows us to draw a conclusion about changes in the political discourse of the USA, in particular in its gender conceptualisation: the gender component is becoming more inclusive, the binary understanding of gender is becoming less unambiguous, and the attitude towards non-binary personalities is becoming more tolerant.","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135911513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17721/studling2023.22.74-86
Nataliia Hrytsiv
Translational hermeneutics has opened up new vistas for a modern research method and has been the centre of attention of foreign scholars. However, in today’s Ukrainian context, the productive characteristics of this method concerning text analysis are not sufficiently studied. The proposed paper is an attempt to fill this lacune. The article is devoted to reviewing theoretical materials about translational hermeneutics as an overt, but structured methodological basis for understanding and interpreting the meaning in the original and translated texts. Interconnection of the interpretive theory of translation and cognitive hermeneutics is summarized; the contours of their mutual integration to translation hermeneutics are clarified, firstly, in explaining the text within a cognitive approach. Attention is paid to defining the subject matter of translational hermeneutics; two main orientations of cognitive hermeneutics are highlighted: a holistic vision of the translator and an understanding of the text as a self-sufficient artefact; the concept of «hermeneutical helix» of cognizing the original text and «enhanced understanding» as a strategic process of translation are considered. The conditions of the author’s realm are: the concept of the text, the literary program, and the system of beliefs. The principles of translational hermeneutics are: subjectivity, historicity, phenomenology, process character, holistic nature, and reflection. Text understanding components include: the situational background, the discourse field, the meaning dimension, the predicative mode. The criteria for implementing the translation strategy from the perspective of text production are highlighted; i.e., genre, coherence, stylistics and function of the target text. Thus, translation is a form of enhanced understanding, and translating is not a prerogative of language but rather an issue of meaning and communication through this meaning.
{"title":"TRANSLATIONAL HERMENEUTICS AS A BASIS OF NOVEL METHOD FOR TEXT ANALYSIS","authors":"Nataliia Hrytsiv","doi":"10.17721/studling2023.22.74-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/studling2023.22.74-86","url":null,"abstract":"Translational hermeneutics has opened up new vistas for a modern research method and has been the centre of attention of foreign scholars. However, in today’s Ukrainian context, the productive characteristics of this method concerning text analysis are not sufficiently studied. The proposed paper is an attempt to fill this lacune. The article is devoted to reviewing theoretical materials about translational hermeneutics as an overt, but structured methodological basis for understanding and interpreting the meaning in the original and translated texts. Interconnection of the interpretive theory of translation and cognitive hermeneutics is summarized; the contours of their mutual integration to translation hermeneutics are clarified, firstly, in explaining the text within a cognitive approach. Attention is paid to defining the subject matter of translational hermeneutics; two main orientations of cognitive hermeneutics are highlighted: a holistic vision of the translator and an understanding of the text as a self-sufficient artefact; the concept of «hermeneutical helix» of cognizing the original text and «enhanced understanding» as a strategic process of translation are considered. The conditions of the author’s realm are: the concept of the text, the literary program, and the system of beliefs. The principles of translational hermeneutics are: subjectivity, historicity, phenomenology, process character, holistic nature, and reflection. Text understanding components include: the situational background, the discourse field, the meaning dimension, the predicative mode. The criteria for implementing the translation strategy from the perspective of text production are highlighted; i.e., genre, coherence, stylistics and function of the target text. Thus, translation is a form of enhanced understanding, and translating is not a prerogative of language but rather an issue of meaning and communication through this meaning.","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135913370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grammaticalization from minimizer to focus marker as upward reanalysis along the nominal spine*","authors":"Yoshiki Ogawa","doi":"10.1111/stul.12208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/stul.12208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78113473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"STRUCTURAL CASE ASSIGNMENT, THEMATIC ROLES AND INFORMATION STRUCTURE\u0000 *","authors":"Pauli Brattico","doi":"10.1111/stul.12206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/stul.12206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72502655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Split lexical insertion in parasitic gap constructions*","authors":"Brian Agbayani, M. Ochi","doi":"10.1111/stul.12207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/stul.12207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84633516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE SYNTAX OF TWO TYPES OF GAPPING IN SPANISH\u0000 *","authors":"Wonsuk Jung","doi":"10.1111/stul.12204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/stul.12204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"303 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79767387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ON THE SYNTAX OF VP DISLOCATION IN MANDARIN*","authors":"Wei-Cherng Sam Jheng","doi":"10.1111/stul.12205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/stul.12205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46179,"journal":{"name":"STUDIA LINGUISTICA","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73021877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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