Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1163/15685330-bja10097
Yigal Bloch
Based on the use of the Hebrew verb שוב in Isa 29:17 and the parallel Akkadian verb târu in SAA 12 19, this note suggests that 2 Kgs 14:28 refers to a change in the political status of Damascus and Hamath, which Jeroboam II made similar to that of Judah vis-à-vis Israel.
{"title":"2 Kings 14:28—A Proposal for Solution","authors":"Yigal Bloch","doi":"10.1163/15685330-bja10097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-bja10097","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Based on the use of the Hebrew verb שוב in Isa 29:17 and the parallel Akkadian verb târu in SAA 12 19, this note suggests that 2 Kgs 14:28 refers to a change in the political status of Damascus and Hamath, which Jeroboam II made similar to that of Judah vis-à-vis Israel.","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74777353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1163/15685330-bja10093
Christopher B. Hays
This article demonstrates that Isa 45:1–19 is a pro-Persian oracle of well-being, promising the Achaemenid emperor that he will conquer Egypt, and subsequently impugning the theological ignorance of the Egyptians. The Egyptians misspeak in saying that Yhwh is a “Hidden God” like their own Amun (45:15). The unique title, the only reference to divine hiding that uses the reflexive hithpael, was chosen to echo the reflexive formulations in Egyptian texts (including during the early Persian Period) describing Amun’s self-hiding. Two other aspects of Amun’s mythology as creator are also alluded to: His close association with the primordial chaos (45:18–19) and his identification as the divine potter (45:9). Each would have been understandable to an audience in Egypt that lived among the cults of its deities in a very hybridized religious culture. They also would have been clear to elites in Jerusalem who were in regular contact with the Egyptian diaspora.
{"title":"A Hidden God: Isaiah 45’s Amun Polemic and Message to Egypt","authors":"Christopher B. Hays","doi":"10.1163/15685330-bja10093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-bja10093","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article demonstrates that Isa 45:1–19 is a pro-Persian oracle of well-being, promising the Achaemenid emperor that he will conquer Egypt, and subsequently impugning the theological ignorance of the Egyptians. The Egyptians misspeak in saying that Yhwh is a “Hidden God” like their own Amun (45:15). The unique title, the only reference to divine hiding that uses the reflexive hithpael, was chosen to echo the reflexive formulations in Egyptian texts (including during the early Persian Period) describing Amun’s self-hiding. Two other aspects of Amun’s mythology as creator are also alluded to: His close association with the primordial chaos (45:18–19) and his identification as the divine potter (45:9). Each would have been understandable to an audience in Egypt that lived among the cults of its deities in a very hybridized religious culture. They also would have been clear to elites in Jerusalem who were in regular contact with the Egyptian diaspora.","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89559427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1163/15685330-bja10094
David B. Schreiner, Kyle R. Greenwood
This article examines the tendencies surrounding 1 Kgs 20:27 and ultimately proposes an alternative translation for and understanding of the phrase כִּשְׁנֵי חֲשִׂפֵי עִזִּים. We open with a survey of major English translations and commentary by salient interpreters to emphasize tendencies associated with the passage. We then examine the grammar and semantics of the passage in conjunction with ancient translations in order to highlight a disconnect between the translations and the Hebrew text. We then evaluate a proposal from Amitai Baruchi-Unna and argue that while he properly considers behavioral traits of the genus Capra to explain the imagery of 1 Kgs 20:27, his proposal is ultimately deficient. In response, we consider the phrase כִּשְׁנֵי חֲשִׂפֵי עִזִּים in conjunction with specific behaviors and physiological characteristics of certain species within the genus Capra. We propose that the description of the Israelite army may recall specific behaviors and characteristics of rutting male goats.
{"title":"An Army Like Goats: A Semantic and Zoological Reconsideration of 1 Kings 20:27","authors":"David B. Schreiner, Kyle R. Greenwood","doi":"10.1163/15685330-bja10094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-bja10094","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article examines the tendencies surrounding 1 Kgs 20:27 and ultimately proposes an alternative translation for and understanding of the phrase כִּשְׁנֵי חֲשִׂפֵי עִזִּים. We open with a survey of major English translations and commentary by salient interpreters to emphasize tendencies associated with the passage. We then examine the grammar and semantics of the passage in conjunction with ancient translations in order to highlight a disconnect between the translations and the Hebrew text. We then evaluate a proposal from Amitai Baruchi-Unna and argue that while he properly considers behavioral traits of the genus Capra to explain the imagery of 1 Kgs 20:27, his proposal is ultimately deficient. In response, we consider the phrase כִּשְׁנֵי חֲשִׂפֵי עִזִּים in conjunction with specific behaviors and physiological characteristics of certain species within the genus Capra. We propose that the description of the Israelite army may recall specific behaviors and characteristics of rutting male goats.","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83371603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1163/15685330-bja10103
Suzanna R. Millar
Nathan tells David a story about a rich man who takes and kills a poor man’s lamb (2 Sam 12:1–4). This, it turns out, is figurative for David’s own deeds of killing Uriah the Hittite and taking his wife. The story and its application suggest the intersecting power dynamics between groups: rich and poor, male and female, native and foreigner—and, crucially, human and nonhuman. This article argues that intersectional analysis should include an interspecies dimension, and explores these dynamics at work through various mechanisms of relation. Low status human groups are connected with nonhumans through animalisation, and are thereby delegitimised. Nonhuman animals and animalised humans are positioned as objects within mechanisms of domination, such as exploitation, exchange, and semiosis. The relationship between the poor man and lamb, though, offers another possibility: alliance. Care can be extended across species lines, with implications for intergroup relations throughout the intersectional web.
{"title":"The Poor Man’s Ewe Lamb (2 Sam 12:1–4) in Intersectional, Interspecies Perspective","authors":"Suzanna R. Millar","doi":"10.1163/15685330-bja10103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-bja10103","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Nathan tells David a story about a rich man who takes and kills a poor man’s lamb (2 Sam 12:1–4). This, it turns out, is figurative for David’s own deeds of killing Uriah the Hittite and taking his wife. The story and its application suggest the intersecting power dynamics between groups: rich and poor, male and female, native and foreigner—and, crucially, human and nonhuman. This article argues that intersectional analysis should include an interspecies dimension, and explores these dynamics at work through various mechanisms of relation. Low status human groups are connected with nonhumans through animalisation, and are thereby delegitimised. Nonhuman animals and animalised humans are positioned as objects within mechanisms of domination, such as exploitation, exchange, and semiosis. The relationship between the poor man and lamb, though, offers another possibility: alliance. Care can be extended across species lines, with implications for intergroup relations throughout the intersectional web.","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75314273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1163/15685330-00001148-04
J. Schaper
{"title":"Les Psaumes: Livre 1. Psaumes 1–40 (41 TM), written by Gilles Dorival with the collaboration of Claudine Cavalier and Didier Pralon","authors":"J. Schaper","doi":"10.1163/15685330-00001148-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-00001148-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75086288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1163/15685330-00001148-03
Suzanna R. Millar
{"title":"Water and Water-Related Phenomena in the Old Testament Wisdom Literature: An Eco-Theological Exploration, written by Kivatsi Jonathan Kavusa","authors":"Suzanna R. Millar","doi":"10.1163/15685330-00001148-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-00001148-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83867327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1163/15685330-00001148-01
J. Cruz
{"title":"Joel, Obadiah, Habakkuk, Zephaniah: An Introduction and Study Guide, written by Tchavdar S. Hadjiev","authors":"J. Cruz","doi":"10.1163/15685330-00001148-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-00001148-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86990905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1163/15685330-00001148-02
Yitzhaq Feder
{"title":"Centralizing the Cult: The Holiness Legislation in Leviticus 17–26, written by Julia Rhyder","authors":"Yitzhaq Feder","doi":"10.1163/15685330-00001148-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-00001148-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89052766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.1163/15685330-bja10089
Bryan Beeckman
Recently, more attention has been paid to the theology of the different LXX books. In order to examine whether the LXX books attest a different theology than their Hebrew counterparts, I have recently analysed the theology of Proverbs LXX by means of a new approach: the analysis of the additional attestations of ὁ θεός and ὁ κύριος without any counterpart in MT. Since this approach focuses on the explicit differences between MT and the LXX, the analysis of these additional attestations might elicit a specific theology. In this paper I will analyse the additional attestations of ὁ θεός and ὁ κύριος in Job LXX in order to examine whether or not the Greek version attests a different theology than the Hebrew version. Moreover, the results of this analysis will also be compared with the results on Proverbs LXX in order to provide an indicative answer to the question whether both books were translated by the same translator.
{"title":"Nomina Sacra in Libro Iob: Theological Exegesis in Verses of Job LXX Containing ὁ θεός and ὁ κύριος without Any Counterpart in MT?","authors":"Bryan Beeckman","doi":"10.1163/15685330-bja10089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-bja10089","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recently, more attention has been paid to the theology of the different LXX books. In order to examine whether the LXX books attest a different theology than their Hebrew counterparts, I have recently analysed the theology of Proverbs LXX by means of a new approach: the analysis of the additional attestations of ὁ θεός and ὁ κύριος without any counterpart in MT. Since this approach focuses on the explicit differences between MT and the LXX, the analysis of these additional attestations might elicit a specific theology. In this paper I will analyse the additional attestations of ὁ θεός and ὁ κύριος in Job LXX in order to examine whether or not the Greek version attests a different theology than the Hebrew version. Moreover, the results of this analysis will also be compared with the results on Proverbs LXX in order to provide an indicative answer to the question whether both books were translated by the same translator.","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76639207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.1163/15685330-bja10088
N. Wagner
The note addresses omissions in Frederic Kenyon’s edition of the Chester Beatty Library P. Bibl. 6 (Rahlfs 963), a papyrus codex containing large portions of Numbers and Deuteronomy.
{"title":"More Corrections to Kenyon’s Text of Papyrus 963 (Numbers, Deuteronomy)","authors":"N. Wagner","doi":"10.1163/15685330-bja10088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685330-bja10088","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The note addresses omissions in Frederic Kenyon’s edition of the Chester Beatty Library P. Bibl. 6 (Rahlfs 963), a papyrus codex containing large portions of Numbers and Deuteronomy.","PeriodicalId":46329,"journal":{"name":"VETUS TESTAMENTUM","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87490436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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