This paper compares the effectiveness of two mechanisms of regulation enforcement: (1) the frequency of inspections and (2) penalties for violations. Threat effects of increased penalties and inspection rates, rather than corrective effects upon receiving an inspection or penalty, are the focus of analysis. Mining industry data from 2004–2009 are used to analyze the responses of mines to separate increases in inspections and citation penalties regarding regulations of safety standards. Mines did not improve safety in response to increased penalties at the ex-ante inspecting rates; however, mines significantly reduced accidents under increased inspections when implemented at those higher penalty rates. The identification strategy results in a local average treatment effect that implies increasing inspection rates from current levels would likely increase social welfare. Results are shown to be robust to bandwidth changes and model specification. The interpretation of the estimated local effect in the context of selection is analyzed. Robustness checks regarding selection exploit staffing changes and restrict to similar samples of treated and non-treated mines, justifying that results are representative.
{"title":"Regulation Enforcement","authors":"Michael Gmeiner, R. Gmeiner","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3921078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3921078","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares the effectiveness of two mechanisms of regulation enforcement: (1) the frequency of inspections and (2) penalties for violations. Threat effects of increased penalties and inspection rates, rather than corrective effects upon receiving an inspection or penalty, are the focus of analysis. Mining industry data from 2004–2009 are used to analyze the responses of mines to separate increases in inspections and citation penalties regarding regulations of safety standards. Mines did not improve safety in response to increased penalties at the ex-ante inspecting rates; however, mines significantly reduced accidents under increased inspections when implemented at those higher penalty rates. The identification strategy results in a local average treatment effect that implies increasing inspection rates from current levels would likely increase social welfare. Results are shown to be robust to bandwidth changes and model specification. The interpretation of the estimated local effect in the context of selection is analyzed. Robustness checks regarding selection exploit staffing changes and restrict to similar samples of treated and non-treated mines, justifying that results are representative.","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47127215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1007/s12122-021-09319-6
S. Orozco-Aleman, Heriberto Gonzalez-Lozano
{"title":"Return Migration and Self-Employment: Evidence from Mexican Migrants","authors":"S. Orozco-Aleman, Heriberto Gonzalez-Lozano","doi":"10.1007/s12122-021-09319-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-021-09319-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-021-09319-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47405717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-11DOI: 10.1007/s12122-020-09315-2
Chia-Jung Chang
{"title":"Is the Road to Unemployment Paved with Good Intentions? Labor Market Outcomes of Young Women","authors":"Chia-Jung Chang","doi":"10.1007/s12122-020-09315-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-020-09315-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-020-09315-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43399557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-19DOI: 10.1007/s12122-021-09318-7
Paulino Font, Mario Izquierdo, Sergio Puente
{"title":"The Effect of Subsidies to Mature-Age Employment: a Quasi-Experimental Analysis","authors":"Paulino Font, Mario Izquierdo, Sergio Puente","doi":"10.1007/s12122-021-09318-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-021-09318-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-021-09318-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45344407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-13DOI: 10.1007/s12122-020-09307-2
Ian K. McDonough, Punarjit Roychowdhury, Gaurav Dhamija
{"title":"Measuring the Dynamics of the Achievement Gap Between Public and Private School Students During Early Life in India","authors":"Ian K. McDonough, Punarjit Roychowdhury, Gaurav Dhamija","doi":"10.1007/s12122-020-09307-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-020-09307-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-020-09307-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52876383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-04DOI: 10.1007/s12122-020-09316-1
Ibrahim Bousmah, G. Grenier, David M. Gray
{"title":"Linguistic Distance, Languages of Work and Wages of Immigrants in Montreal","authors":"Ibrahim Bousmah, G. Grenier, David M. Gray","doi":"10.1007/s12122-020-09316-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-020-09316-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-020-09316-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52876490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1007/s12122-020-09314-3
M. Kleiner, E. Timmons
{"title":"Occupational Licensing: Improving Access to Regulatory Information","authors":"M. Kleiner, E. Timmons","doi":"10.1007/s12122-020-09314-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-020-09314-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-020-09314-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45857950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1007/s12122-020-09313-4
B. Meehan, E. Frank Stephenson
{"title":"Reducing a Barrier to Entry: The 120/150 CPA Licensing Rule","authors":"B. Meehan, E. Frank Stephenson","doi":"10.1007/s12122-020-09313-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-020-09313-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-020-09313-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47637705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-27DOI: 10.1007/s12122-020-09311-6
Jorge González Chapela
{"title":"Job Searching and the Weather: Evidence from Time-Use Data","authors":"Jorge González Chapela","doi":"10.1007/s12122-020-09311-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-020-09311-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12122-020-09311-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48732235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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