Otjr-Occupation Participation and Health最新文献

Limited literature exists investigating the relationship between sensory processing and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). This study aimed to identify and understand sensory processing patterns for people with CRPS. This study employs a cross-sectional survey design. Participants were a sample of convenience and completed two electronic surveys: a demographic survey and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP). More than 90% of participants (n=62) were female and White or White in combination. Participants 18 to 64 perceived sensory experiences in subtypes of low registration, sensory sensitivity, and sensation avoiding, while they demonstrated lower perceived levels of sensation seeking. Participants above 65 reported experiencing sensory sensitivity and sensation avoiding "much more than most people." There were patterns between sensory sensitivity to low registration and sensation avoiding, regardless of age. Above 65, low registration and sensation avoiding were significantly related. Patterns exist within sensory processing subtypes in people with CRPS.

Background: Many children with sensory processing differences receive occupational therapy services using sensory integration therapy (SIT). Studies exist to demonstrate the effects of this intervention on the child receiving the service. However, children exist as part of a family unit. There is limited research to examine the effect of SIT on the family.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of caregivers as to the impact on families of children who received SIT.

Methodology: Qualitative, phenomenological methodology was utilized.

Results: Results revealed four themes: family routines, parent response/reaction to sensory, modified participation in family activities needs, and improved regulation leading to increased family participation outside the home.

Conclusion: This study indicates that parents perceive positive effects on participation of the family unit and for the child receiving SIT therapy.

Little is known about time-use related to health management of individuals with tetraplegia (motor and/or sensory loss originating in the cervical spine) and the influence on participation in occupations. The purpose was to explore the time-use of an individual with tetraplegia to understand factors that contributed to changes in health-management routines over time. Narrative inquiry was used to collect data via observation, time-use log, and interviews. Five interpretive stories emerged: Caregivers, Relationships, and Learning Self-Efficacy; Framing the Morning Routine with Positive Thinking; Caregivers Become My Hands: The Art of Doing; Discovering Meaning and Life-Purpose; and Schedules and Waiting: Disability Shaping Occupation and Time-use. The stories illustrated how situational contexts disrupted his engagement in routines and reliance on caregivers. These findings may help clinicians better understand the lived experience of clients with tetraplegia to design interventions that appreciate the changing nature of disability over time.

BackgroundErrorless learning is an intervention technique used in acquired brain injury (ABI) rehabilitation. To support the use of this intervention within occupational therapy practice, it is important to know how errorless learning has been applied to (re)train daily functions.ObjectivesTo describe the empirical literature on errorless learning applied to everyday functioning in adults with ABI.MethodA scoping review was conducted with systematic searching of four databases (i.e., AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO) and screening by independent reviewers.Findings41 experiments from 34 papers met eligibility criteria. Errorless learning has been heterogeneously delineated, described, and applied. Operationalization of everyday functioning has been poorly reported, and mostly applied to technology use and instrumental activities of daily living.ImplicationsGreater clarity and detail of errorless learning interventions are required, and more research is needed on its applications to everyday functioning.

Background: Caregivers and children continue to use pediatric rehabilitation telehealth services (PRTS) post-pandemic. Understanding how caregivers support children during PRTS can help us fully integrate caregivers for positive outcomes. This scoping review describes the roles caregivers take on during PRTS.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ERIC for research published January 2005 to July 2023. We included English articles on the effect of PRTS. We excluded qualitative and non-peer-reviewed literature.

Results: Thirty-four articles met inclusion criteria. Caregivers were gatekeepers, technicians, implementers, trainees, collaborators, telehealth consumers, and supervisors in PRTS. Caregivers took on roles throughout PRTS, and roles varied by type of PRTS delivered.

Conclusions: Caregivers take on multiple roles to support children during PRTS. Our results can inform clinical decisions about how to integrate and support caregivers in PRTS. Future research should explore strategies that support caregiver role taking to maximize caregiver involvement and outcomes in PRTS.

Social networking services (SNSs) are useful tools; however, problematic use leads to mental health problems. This study aimed to examine whether SNS addiction is associated with occupational dysfunction while considering the effects of depression. This cross-sectional study included 268 undergraduates who responded to the questionnaire on the frequency and time of SNS use, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), SNS-X scale, and the Classification and Assessment of Occupational Dysfunction (CAOD). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed effect of the SNS-X score for Instagram was significant (β = 0.174, p = .001) adjusted by the CES-D total score. However, the effect of frequency and time of SNS use were not significant. This suggests that SNS addiction, and not SNS use, is a factor associated with occupational dysfunction that should be emphasized and depression.

Intrinsic capacity (IC), an internal composite ability proposed by the World Health Organization, is fundamental to older people's health. The present study examined potential models explaining the association between IC and quality of life (QoL) among older people in Taiwan. Frailty, basic activities of daily living (BADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were hypothesized to be mediators in the association between IC and QoL. Older people aged 50 years or above from community or medical center (N = 1,235; M_age = 72.63 years [SD = 7.19]; 601 males [48.7%]) completed a series of self-report and functional measures assessing IC, frailty, ADLs, and QoL. Results showed that IC was significantly associated with frailty, BADL, IADL, and QoL in the mediation models. Frailty was found to be a significant mediator in the association between IC and QoL alone or together with IADL. The findings indicate that IC is an important factor for older people to maintain good health and live a fulfilling life.

We used a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to develop and conduct a mixed-methods needs assessment with a sample of 36 veterans. We gathered data using the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), focus groups, and individual interviews. The sample SF-36 mean scores were significantly higher than the general population average for general health, but lower for role limitations due to emotional problems, vitality, and social functioning. The qualitative data revealed three significant health needs for the veterans: (a) access to mental health services, (b) barriers to social participation, and (c) the importance of nature-based occupations. Findings suggest that occupation-based interventions, administered in the natural environment, targeting rural veterans' mental health and social participation, could help improve their access to needed mental health care.

This scoping review aimed to map the various facets of intuition in occupational therapy (OT), from its definitions, theoretical frameworks, epistemological paradigms to practical applications, highlighting its role in decision-making. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, a systematic search of five databases from 1990 to August 2023 identified 337 records related to OT and intuition. After removing duplicates and applying eligibility criteria, 22 studies were included. Two independent reviewers conducted the title/abstract and full-text screening. Thematic analysis synthesized descriptions of intuitive reasoning, and the studies' epistemologies were interpreted based on stated methodologies and knowledge conceptions. Key themes depicted OT's intuition as personalized knowledge developed through practice. Constructivist paradigms recognizing subjective meaning-making predominated (63.6%), while postpositivists related to self-reported intuition to decision outcomes quantitatively (22.7%). Despite increasing interdisciplinary attention, occupational therapists' intuition remains understudied. Integrating analytical and intuitive practice through reflection is crucial for client-centered expertise.

Adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) require high levels of assistance to participate in occupations. Otherwise, they experience low occupational engagement. This study aimed to explore how parents describe participation in occupations for their adult children with PIMD. Semi-structured interviews (n = 9) were conducted to understand how parents described their adult children's participation in occupations. Data were analyzed using the theory of co-occupation to identify themes and triangulate findings with the literature. Parents described participation as co-occupation in "essential" versus "non-essential" occupations. Participation in essential co-occupations emphasized shared physicality, while non-essential co-occupations focused on joint meaning (shared intentionality) and emotional responses (shared emotionality). Findings illustrate a way to conceptualize participation in essential versus non-essential co-occupations for adults with PIMD, highlight the importance of recognizing and illuminating subjective experiences of adults with PIMD, and provide a foundation for occupational therapists to increase occupational engagement within this population.