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Exploring economic dimensions of social ecological crises: A reply to special issue papers 探索社会生态危机的经济层面:对特刊论文的答复
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09632719241231514
C. Spash
In this paper I consider various shifts in my research and understanding stimulated by seeking how to combat social ecological crises connected to modern economies. The discussion and critical reflections are structured around five papers that were submitted to Environmental Values in an open call to address my work. A common aspect is the move away from neoclassical environmental economics, and its reductionist monetary valuation, to a more realist theory and multiple methods. This relates to my work on environmental ethics, plural values, stated preference validity and deliberative monetary valuation. Expanding beyond the narrow confines of mainstream orthodoxy has involved exploring a range of other disciplines (e.g. applied philosophy, social psychology, human geography, political science, social anthropology, history of thought and philosophy of science) and learning from this literature to rethink economics and develop social ecological economics. A broad range of subjects are covered here, including: personal responsibility, social practice, psychology of the individual, participatory processes, value (intrinsic, instrumental and relational), Nature–society relationships and interdependencies, critical realism and the conduct of unifying interdisciplinary science. I end with a series of comments concerning the failings of orthodox economics and the conduct of scientific research for social ecological transformation.
在本文中,我考虑了我的研究和理解在寻求如何应对与现代经济相关的社会生态危机过程中发生的各种转变。讨论和批判性思考围绕五篇论文展开,这五篇论文是在《环境价值》公开征集我的作品时提交的。其中一个共同点是,从新古典主义环境经济学及其还原论的货币估值转向更现实主义的理论和多种方法。这与我在环境伦理学、多元价值观、陈述偏好有效性和商议货币估值方面的工作有关。要超越主流正统理论的狭隘局限,就必须探索一系列其他学科(如应用哲学、社会心理学、人文地理学、政治学、社会人类学、思想史和科学哲学),并从这些文献中汲取营养,重新思考经济学并发展社会生态经济学。这里涉及的主题范围很广,包括:个人责任、社会实践、个人心理、参与过程、价值(内在价值、工具价值和关系价值)、自然-社会关系和相互依存关系、批判现实主义以及开展统一的跨学科科学。最后,我就正统经济学的失败和开展科学研究促进社会生态变革发表了一系列评论。
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引用次数: 0
Living with integrity 诚信生活
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09632719241231417
John O'Neill
The September-October issue of "Human Development"a Jesuit periodical, devotes the entire issue to the subject of integrity. It is discussed in a psychological and moral sense. Fr. Bill Barry, Jesuit priest and Editor of the Magazine, analyzes the components of integrity and point out there is no shortcut to becoming a person of wisdom and integrity. It will involve taking risks, being misunderstood and will take a consistent effort to work through the process of becoming integrated in our values and actions. (www.regis.edu.hd)
耶稣会期刊《人类发展》9-10 月刊以 "正直 "为主题进行了整整一期的讨论。该期杂志从心理和道德的角度讨论了诚信问题。该杂志编辑、耶稣会神父比尔-巴里(Bill Barry)神父分析了正直的组成要素,并指出要成为一个有智慧和正直的人没有捷径可走。它将涉及承担风险、被误解,并将需要我们持续努力,通过这个过程使我们的价值观和行动融为一体。(www.regis.edu.hd)
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Foundations of Social Ecological Economics: The Fight for Revolutionary Change in Economic Thought 书评:社会生态经济学的基础:为经济思想的革命性变革而战
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09632719241234751
A. Vatn
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引用次数: 0
Building on Spash's critiques of monetary valuation to suggest ways forward for relational values research 以斯帕什对货币估值的批判为基础,提出关系价值观研究的前进方向
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09632719241231422
Rachelle K Gould, Austin Himes, Lea May Anderson, Paola Arias Arévalo, Mollie Chapman, Dominic Lenzi, B. Muraca, Marc Tadaki
Scholars have critiqued mainstream economic approaches to environmental valuation for decades. These critiques have intensified with the increased prominence of environmental valuation in decision-making. This paper has three goals. First, we summarise prominent critiques of monetary valuation, drawing mostly on the work of Clive Spash, who worked extensively on cost–benefit analysis early in his career and then became one of monetary valuation's most thorough and ardent critics. Second, we, as a group of scholars who study relational values, describe how relational values research engages with and addresses many of the critiques of monetary valuation. Third, we offer suggestions for relational values research that continues and deepens its ability to respond to critiques of monetary valuation and contributes to transformative change towards sustainability.
几十年来,学者们一直在批评主流的环境估值经济方法。随着环境估值在决策中的地位日益突出,这些批评也愈演愈烈。本文有三个目标。首先,我们总结了对货币估值的著名批判,主要借鉴了克莱夫-斯帕什(Clive Spash)的研究成果,他在职业生涯早期曾广泛从事成本效益分析,后来成为货币估值最彻底、最激烈的批判者之一。其次,作为一群研究关系价值观的学者,我们描述了关系价值观研究如何参与和应对货币估值的许多批评。第三,我们为关系价值观研究提供建议,以继续并深化其回应货币估值批判的能力,并为实现可持续发展的转型变革做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Reconnecting with the social-political and ecological-economic reality 重新认识社会政治和生态经济现实
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09632719241231418
Claudia E. Carter
This article critically reflects on the research portfolio by the ecological economist Clive Spash who has helped pinpoint specific and systemic blindspots in a political-economic system that prioritises myopic development trajectories divorced from ecological reality. Drawing on his published work and collaborations it seeks to make sense of the slow, or absent, progress in averting global warming and ecological destruction. Three strands of key concern and influence are identified and discussed with reference to their orientation and explicit expression regarding Ontology, Epistemology and Axiology. Some complementary points about indeterminacy and holism are presented to further strengthen the arguments for a transition towards a social-ecological economic system that puts values and principles back into focus. While Clive Spash's work has made a strong case within the economic community and appealing to ecology professionals, the value-myopia or value-vacuum has to be tackled across all disciplines, politics and society for a meaningful and urgently required transformation in decision making. Hence, the article finishes with some suggestions for the (higher) education system, and highlights the importance of simplicity and sufficiency, as well as strong sustainability-driven citizen and community action as necessary catalysts of change in this social-ecological transformation.
这篇文章对生态经济学家克莱夫-斯帕什(Clive Spash)的研究组合进行了批判性反思,他帮助指出了政治经济体系中的具体和系统盲点,该体系优先考虑脱离生态现实的近视发展轨迹。本报告借鉴了他已发表的研究成果和合作成果,试图说明在避免全球变暖和生态破坏方面进展缓慢或毫无进展的原因。通过对本体论、认识论和公理论的定位和明确表达,确定并讨论了其主要关注和影响的三个方面。此外,还提出了一些关于不确定性和整体性的补充观点,以进一步加强向社会生态经济体系过渡的论点,从而重新关注价值观和原则。虽然克莱夫-斯帕什的研究在经济学界提出了强有力的论据,并对生态学专业人士产生了吸引力,但要想在决策过程中实现有意义且迫切需要的转变,就必须在所有学科、政治和社会中解决价值近视或价值真空的问题。因此,文章最后对(高等)教育系统提出了一些建议,并强调了简单和充足的重要性,以及以可持续发展为驱动力的公民和社区行动在这场社会生态变革中作为必要催化剂的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Participant perceptions of different forms of deliberative monetary valuation: Comparing democratic monetary valuation and deliberative democratic monetary valuation in the context of regional marine planning 参与者对不同形式审议货币估值的看法:比较区域海洋规划中的民主货币估值和协商民主货币估值
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09632719241231510
Jacob Ainscough, J. Kenter, Elaine Azzopardi, A. M. W. Wilson
As conceptual and theoretical discussions on environmental valuation approaches have advanced there is growing interest in the impact that valuation has on decision making. The perceived legitimacy of the outputs of valuation studies is seen as one factor influencing their impact on policy decisions. One element of this is ensuring that participants of valuation processes see the results as legitimate and would be willing to accept decisions based on these findings. Here, we test the perceived legitimacy to participants of two approaches to deliberative monetary valuation, deliberated preferences and Deliberative Democratic Monetary Valuation, in the context of marine planning in the Clyde estuary in Scotland. We compare and contrast deliberated preference and deliberative democratic monetary valuation and track their emergence as responses to critiques of conventional stated preference approaches. We then present the results of our case study where we found that deliberative democratic monetary valuation produced valuations that were perceived as more legitimate that deliberated preference as the basis for decision making by those involved in the valuation process.
随着对环境估值方法的概念和理论讨论的深入,人们越来越关注估值对决策的影响。估值研究成果的合理性被认为是影响其对决策影响的一个因素。其中一个因素是确保估值过程的参与者认为结果是合法的,并愿意接受基于这些结果的决策。在此,我们以苏格兰克莱德河口的海洋规划为背景,测试了商议货币估值的两种方法(商议偏好和商议民主货币估值)在参与者心目中的合法性。我们比较和对比了协商偏好和协商民主货币估值,并追踪了它们作为对传统陈述偏好方法批评的回应而出现的情况。然后,我们介绍了案例研究的结果,其中我们发现,商议式民主货币估价所产生的估价被参与估价过程的人视为比商议式偏好更合法的决策依据。
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引用次数: 0
‘I didn’t count “willingness to pay” as part of the value’: Monetary valuation through respondents’ perspectives 我没有把 "支付意愿 "算作价值的一部分":从受访者的角度看货币估值
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1177/09632719241231509
Lina Isacs, Cecilia Håkansson, Therese Lindahl, Ulrika Gunnarsson-Östling, Pernilla Andersson
A frequent justification in the literature for using stated preference methods (SP) is that they are the only methods that can capture the so-called total economic value (TEV) of environmental changes to society. Based on follow-up interviews with SP survey respondents, this paper addresses the implications of that argument by shedding light on the construction of TEV, through respondents’ perspective. It illuminates the deficiencies of willingness to pay (WTP) as a measure of value presented as three aggregated themes considering respondents’ unintentionality, their retraction once they understood that their WTP could be decisive in cost-benefit analysis and the inherent incompleteness of WTP. We discuss why the TEV discourse persists, how it conceals rather than reveals broader notions of value and in what ways our results support the development of alternative approaches that truly endorse plurality in environmental valuation and decision-making.
文献中经常提到使用陈述偏好法(SP)的理由,即只有这种方法才能捕捉到环境变化给社会带来的所谓总经济价值(TEV)。本文基于对 SP 调查对象的后续访谈,通过受访者的视角揭示了 TEV 的构建,从而探讨了这一论点的含义。考虑到受访者的无意性、受访者在了解到其支付意愿在成本效益分析中起决定性作用后的退缩以及支付意愿固有的不完整性,本文通过三个综合主题揭示了支付意愿作为价值衡量标准的缺陷。我们讨论了为什么 TEV 的讨论持续存在,它是如何掩盖而不是揭示更广泛的价值概念的,以及我们的结果是如何支持开发真正支持环境估值和决策多元化的替代方法的。
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引用次数: 1
The political ecology of technology: A non-neutrality approach 技术的政治生态学:非中立方法
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/09632719231209745
Adrián Almazán, Luis I. Prádanos
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引用次数: 0
The city of god revisited: Digitalism as a new technological religion 重访上帝之城作为新技术宗教的数字主义
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/09632719231209743
Andoni Alonso, Iñaki Arzoz
A Religion of Progress has taken shape over the last 21 centuries, from the Enlightenment to present times. It is quite simple to follow a thread from Hermeticism to today, however, several facts have altered its content, therefore, reformulating some of its promises and vision of the world. This paper attempts to evaluate how that Religion of Progress has become a sort of Techno-Hermeticism 2.0. Digital technologies have redefined old hermetic myths into a high-tech religion with dire environmental consequencies. Some of those myths are the resurrection of the bodies, the construction of the City of God, the Adamic universal language and so forth. Now religion must confront the upcoming collapse, however, it is unable to provide satisfactory answers. This goes for all the different churches, from accelerationists (Nick Land) to extinctionists and believers of digital solutionism. That leaves possible imaginative responses to that sociecological crisis without any relevant proposals.
在过去的 21 个世纪里,从启蒙运动到当代,"进步宗教 "逐渐形成。从隐士到今天,我们可以很容易地找到一条线索,然而,一些事实改变了它的内容,因此,它的一些承诺和对世界的看法也发生了变化。本文试图评估 "进步宗教 "是如何成为一种 "技术密教 2.0 "的。数字技术已经将古老的密教神话重新定义为一种高科技宗教,并对环境造成了严重的影响。这些神话包括:肉身复活、上帝之城的建造、阿达姆通用语言等等。现在,宗教必须面对即将到来的崩溃,然而,它却无法提供令人满意的答案。这适用于所有不同的教会,从加速论者(尼克-兰德)到消亡论者和数字解决主义的信徒。这就使得对社会学危机的可能的想象性回应没有任何相关的建议。
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引用次数: 0
World-making technology entangled with coloniality, race and gender: Ecomodernist and degrowth perspectives 与殖民主义、种族和性别纠缠在一起的创造世界的技术:生态现代主义和脱增长视角
IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/09632719231209741
Susan Paulson
Impelled by the intertwined expansion of capitalist institutions and fossil-fueled industry, human activity has made devastating impacts on ecosystems and earth systems. The colonial, class, racial, and gender systems that coevolved with these historical processes have long been critiqued for engineering exploitation and inequality. Yet the technologies with which these systems interact are widely portrayed as neutral and nonpartisan. This paper interrogates the purported independence of technology on two fronts. First, it uses a political ecology lens to illuminate some ways in which the generation and application of technology have been historically entangled with colonial, racial, and gender systems. Second, it considers how those entanglements have been variously obscured, acknowledged, depoliticized, and/or politicized in two realms of thought and practice: ecomodernism and degrowth. Conclusions call for bringing creative innovation of ecomodernism together with degrowth commitment to just social–ecological transformation.
在资本主义制度和化石燃料工业相互交织的扩张推动下,人类活动对生态系统和地球系统造成了破坏性影响。长期以来,与这些历史进程共同发展的殖民、阶级、种族和性别制度一直受到批评,被认为是剥削和不平等的产物。然而,与这些系统相互作用的技术却被广泛描绘成中立和无党派的。本文从两个方面对所谓的技术独立性进行了质疑。首先,它使用政治生态学的视角来揭示技术的产生和应用在历史上与殖民、种族和性别体系纠缠在一起的一些方式。其次,它考虑了这些纠葛如何在两个思想和实践领域中被不同程度地掩盖、承认、非政治化和/或政治化,这两个领域就是:生态现代主义(ecomodernism)和去增长(degrowth)。结论呼吁将生态现代主义的创造性创新与脱增长承诺结合起来,以实现公正的社会生态转型。
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引用次数: 0
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Environmental Values
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