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Humanistic Optimal Functioning Predicts Low Youth Violence 人文最优功能预测低青少年暴力
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221132331
R. Tweed, Gira Bhatt, S. Dooley, Jodi L. Viljoen, K. Douglas, N. Gagnon
This study assessed whether indicators of humanistic optimal functioning were predictive of lower levels of violence among youth across a 6-month period. Youth ( N = 346) aged 12 to 14 years completed measures of authenticity and of positive regard for others (generalized trust, forgiveness, and gratitude). Approximately 6 months later, the youth reported violence, criminal offenses, and indicators of potential violence, and for some ( n = 266), a teacher provided ratings of aggression. Authentic living, some elements of generalized trust, forgiveness, and gratitude predicted lower levels on indicators of aggression or violence or readiness for violence 6 months later. The relation between humanistic predictors and violence-related outcomes was larger for youth at elevated risk for violence. Unexpectedly, a subtype of authenticity, “resisting external influence,” predicted higher violence, but other outcomes were in the expected direction. Thus, a humanistic lens may have value in examinations of societal violence.
这项研究评估了在6个月的时间里,人文最佳功能的指标是否能预测青少年中较低的暴力水平。12至14岁的青少年(N = 346)完成了真实性和对他人积极关注的测量(普遍信任、宽恕和感激)。大约6个月后,这些青少年报告了暴力、刑事犯罪和潜在暴力的指标,其中一些(n = 266)由老师提供了攻击性评分。真实的生活,一些普遍信任,宽恕和感激的元素预示着6个月后攻击性或暴力或暴力准备指标的降低。人文主义预测因子与暴力相关结果之间的关系在暴力风险较高的青少年中更为明显。出乎意料的是,真实性的一种亚型“抵抗外部影响”预示着更高的暴力,但其他结果与预期的方向一致。因此,人文主义的视角在审视社会暴力时可能具有价值。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 in South Carolina: Experiences Using Facebook as a Self-Organizing Tool for Grassroots Advocacy, Education, and Social Support 南卡罗来纳州的COVID-19:使用Facebook作为基层倡导、教育和社会支持的自组织工具的经验
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221130830
Sarah Gareau, Jill Bailey, Elizabeth S. Halberstadt, Tiffany James, Kelli Kenison, S. Robb, Laura Rolke, Chris Taylor, Peggy Wagner
This retrospective case study describes our experiences, processes, and lessons learned using social media for pandemic response. Our team created and maintained a large Facebook group, and we used this platform to support grassroots advocacy, public health messaging, and health equity during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Carolina. The Facebook group was initially formed to urge local and state leaders to implement a stay-at-home order, but we recognized a continued need for our virtual space. Group leaders performed tasks including data tracking/reporting and content review/approval. Initial advocacy successes included the stay-at-home order, efforts to limit transmission, and social/mental health support. As the Delta variant emerged, we posted vaccine education and access information and supported school mitigation, including a successful litigation effort that led to a mask requirement on school buses. With the Omicron variant, our group’s focus shifted to educating about immune evasion, transmissibility, and individual protection. This included updates on mask use, antigen testing, vaccine boosters, treatment, data reports, and vaccines. Throughout the pandemic, we addressed health equity, especially for those identifying as disabled. We learned that virtual communities could support each other and improve public health, even when disinformation was present and elected officials emphasized politics over science.
本回顾性案例研究描述了我们利用社交媒体应对大流行的经验、过程和教训。我们的团队创建并维护了一个庞大的Facebook群,在南卡罗来纳州COVID-19大流行期间,我们利用这个平台支持基层宣传、公共卫生信息和卫生公平。Facebook小组的成立最初是为了敦促地方和州领导人实施“居家令”,但我们意识到对我们的虚拟空间的持续需求。小组领导执行的任务包括数据跟踪/报告和内容审查/批准。最初的宣传成功包括居家令、限制传播的努力以及社会/心理健康支持。随着德尔塔病毒变种的出现,我们发布了疫苗教育和获取信息,并支持学校的缓解措施,包括一项成功的诉讼努力,最终导致校车上要求戴口罩。有了欧米克隆变体,我们小组的重点转移到免疫逃避、传播性和个人保护的教育上。这包括口罩使用、抗原检测、疫苗增强剂、治疗、数据报告和疫苗的最新情况。在整个大流行期间,我们解决了卫生公平问题,特别是残疾人的卫生公平问题。我们了解到,虚拟社区可以相互支持,改善公共卫生,即使存在虚假信息,民选官员强调政治而不是科学。
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引用次数: 0
The Time for Humanistic Psychology Is Now 人文主义心理学的时代到了
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221132895
S. Kamens
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引用次数: 0
“A Voice to Uplift Other People”: A Case Study of Integrating Organizing Methods in an FQHC-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Initiative in Latinx Communities “提升他人的声音”:拉丁裔社区基于FQHC的新冠肺炎疫苗计划整合组织方法的案例研究
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221125330
Rosa Vazquez, Aileen Navarrete, An Thien Nguyen, G. Montiel
The COVID-19 pandemic added another layer of trauma for working-class communities who have experienced trauma from systemic inequity and racism. Early pandemic response efforts failed to reach the most vulnerable Latinx communities in the United States due to historic disinvestment in these communities. Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) were uniquely positioned to respond to the pandemic through testing and vaccine implementation because of their footprint in these communities. However, to advance equitable COVID-19 recovery and long-term, trauma-informed community resilience, FQHCs need to expand their role beyond immediate response through testing and vaccine deployment. Applying Freirean principles of liberation to an integrated model for crisis recovery and community resilience-building, this article presents a case study of the implementation of a COVID-19 vaccine outreach and education initiative at AltaMed Health Services, one of the largest FQHCs in the United States. Findings suggest that leveraging organizing and empowerment strategies to implement COVID-19 vaccine distribution in working-class communities contributes to pathways for community health and well-being, infrastructure for crisis response and recovery, equitable service and information delivery ecosystems, and engaged and empowered communities. Lessons from this study can provide a blueprint for integrating strategies for long-term community resilience, capacity-building, and empowerment in crisis response and community harm mitigation initiatives. Findings from this study also present a model for enhancing the role of FQHCs to facilitate community organizing and engagement for health equity.
新冠肺炎大流行给经历了系统性不平等和种族主义创伤的工薪阶层社区增加了另一层创伤。由于对美国最脆弱的拉丁裔社区的历史性撤资,早期的疫情应对工作未能惠及这些社区。联邦合格卫生中心(FQHC)在通过检测和疫苗实施应对疫情方面处于独特地位,因为它们在这些社区的足迹。然而,为了促进新冠肺炎的公平恢复和长期的、创伤形成的社区复原力,FQHC需要通过测试和疫苗部署,将其作用扩大到即时应对之外。本文将Freirean解放原则应用于危机恢复和社区重建的综合模式,介绍了美国最大的FQHC之一AltaMed卫生服务中心实施新冠肺炎疫苗推广和教育计划的案例研究。研究结果表明,利用组织和赋权战略在工人阶级社区实施新冠肺炎疫苗分配,有助于社区健康和福祉的途径、危机应对和恢复的基础设施、公平的服务和信息提供生态系统,以及参与和赋权的社区。这项研究的经验教训可以为将长期社区复原力、能力建设和赋权战略纳入危机应对和社区伤害缓解举措提供蓝图。这项研究的结果还为加强FQHC的作用提供了一个模型,以促进社区组织和参与健康公平。
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引用次数: 1
Understanding Stress and Coping Among Women of Color in the United States in the Age of COVID-19 了解新冠肺炎时代美国有色人种女性的压力和应对
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221123111
Johanna Andrews Adlam, Megan Murphy-Belcaster, Melva Thompson-Robinson, Carolee Dodge Francis, Kristina Ricker-Boles, Daryl Traylor, E. Anderson
This study was conducted to identify processes of coping with COVID-19 and determine their impact on emotional well-being for women of color in the United States. Data were collected from 368 women between May and July 2020 using an online survey guided by the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, which included an assessment of COVID-19 stressors, Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument (BEPSI), 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Over half of the women were depressed (59.0%) and felt ill (69.3%) from the stress of COVID-19. Planful problem solving (M = 4.58, SD = 2.70) was the primary way to cope with COVID-19. A small, positive correlation existed between COVID-19 stressors and depressive symptoms (r = 0.27, p < .001). COVID-19 had a significant impact on the increase of stress (MI = 0.53, p < .001) and depressive symptoms (MI = 5.90, p < .001) as well as the decrease of resilience (MD = 2.17, p < .001) for women of color in the United States. These results can be translated into actionable care plans for clinicians and public health professionals that inform the development of tailored, culturally appropriate, equitable, and gender-specific mental health care for women of color in the age of COVID-19.
这项研究旨在确定应对新冠肺炎的过程,并确定其对美国有色人种女性情绪健康的影响。在2020年5月至7月期间,使用压力和应对交易模型指导的在线调查从368名女性中收集数据,其中包括对新冠肺炎压力源的评估、短暂接触心理社会工具(BEPSI)、10项Connor-Davidson复原力量表(CD-RISC-10)、应对方式问卷(WCQ)和流行病研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)。超过一半的女性因新冠肺炎的压力而感到抑郁(59.0%)和不适(69.3%)。有计划地解决问题(M=4.58,SD=2.70)是应对新冠肺炎的主要方式。新冠肺炎压力源与抑郁症状之间存在小的正相关(r=0.27,p<.001)。新冠肺炎对美国有色人种女性的压力增加(MI=0.53,p<0.001)和抑郁症状(MI=5.90,p<001)以及恢复力下降(MD=2.17,p<.001)有显著影响。这些结果可以转化为临床医生和公共卫生专业人员可操作的护理计划,为新冠肺炎年龄段有色人种女性制定量身定制、文化适宜、公平和性别特定的心理健康护理提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Statement 多样性、公平性和包容性声明
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221114512
• Ensure our work focuses on the elimination of disparities. • Educate ourselves and others to improve our understanding of equity and inclusion and the historical context of inequities, vital to recognizing and dismantling barriers. • Critically examine our policies and practices using a diversity, equity, and inclusion lens to ensure that their intent and impact promote fairness and freedom from bias or favoritism. • Model as an organization the changes we want to see throughout our community and advocate for the elimination of institutional and structural inequities in systems we influence. • Serve our customers by actively engaging their employees, listening to their needs, understanding their strengths.
•确保我们的工作重点是消除不平等。•教育自己和他人,以提高我们对公平和包容以及不平等的历史背景的理解,这对认识和消除障碍至关重要。•从多元化、公平和包容的角度审视我们的政策和做法,以确保其意图和影响促进公平和免于偏见或偏袒。•作为一个组织,以我们希望在整个社区看到的变化为榜样,并倡导消除我们影响的系统中的体制和结构不平等。•为客户服务,积极调动员工积极性,倾听他们的需求,了解他们的优势。
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引用次数: 2
The Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Treatments and Their Predictors: A Systematic Literature Review and Explorative Meta-Analysis 交易分析治疗的有效性及其预测因素:系统文献综述和探索性元分析
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221117111
J. Vos, Biljana van Rijn
Despite many studies on transactional analysis (TA) psychotherapy, there are no comprehensive reviews or meta-analyses on its effectiveness. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on TA psychotherapeutic treatments to examine the extent of psychological and psychosocial change in pre-post studies, the effects compared with other treatments in randomized clinical trials, and factors explaining these effects and differences. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis according to Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiolog (MOOSE) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in Pubmed, Medline, PsycInfo, Web-of-Knowledge, and scholar.google.com . Overall, 41 clinical trials of TA treatments had moderate to large effects on psychopathology (Hedges’s g = .66), social functioning ( g = .62), self-efficacy ( g = .80), ego-state functioning ( g = .69), well-being ( g = .33), and behavior ( g = .56). Compared with control conditions, TA had moderate to large effects on psychopathology ( g = .61), social functioning ( g = .69), self-efficacy ( g = .88), ego-states ( g = .70), well-being ( g = .85), and behavior ( g = .46). TA was more effective on most outcomes in individuals, groups, and families than in schools or prisons. Psychopathology changes were significantly predicted by improvements in ego-states, self-efficacy, social functioning, and client–practitioner relationship ( r² range = .27–.43). Treatments were more effective if they included systematic assessment, treatment stages, psycho-education, TA-unique techniques, and an experiential focus ( r² range = .03–.31). TA may be considered an effective treatment for many clients.
尽管有许多关于交易分析心理治疗的研究,但没有对其有效性进行全面的回顾或荟萃分析。我们对TA心理治疗进行了系统的文献回顾和荟萃分析,以检查前后研究中心理和社会心理改变的程度,与随机临床试验中其他治疗的效果比较,以及解释这些效果和差异的因素。我们根据Pubmed、Medline、PsycInfo、Web-of-Knowledge和scholar.google.com上的meta-analysis of Observational Studies in epidemiology (MOOSE)和Preferred Reporting Items for systematic Reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA)指南进行了系统的文献综述和meta-分析。总体而言,41项TA治疗的临床试验对精神病理(Hedges’s g = 0.66)、社会功能(g = 0.62)、自我效能(g = 0.80)、自我状态功能(g = 0.69)、幸福感(g = 0.33)和行为(g = 0.56)有中等到较大的影响。与对照组相比,TA对精神病理(g = 0.61)、社会功能(g = 0.69)、自我效能(g = 0.88)、自我状态(g = 0.70)、幸福感(g = 0.85)和行为(g = 0.46)有中等到较大的影响。与学校或监狱相比,TA对个人、团体和家庭的大多数结果都更有效。自我状态、自我效能、社会功能和客户-医生关系的改善显著预测了精神病理变化(r²范围= 0.27 - 0.43)。如果包括系统评估、治疗阶段、心理教育、ta独特技术和经验焦点,治疗更有效(r²范围= 0.03 - 0.31)。对许多病人来说,TA可能是一种有效的治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Search for Challenge: A Reflection 寻找挑战:反思
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221118160
K. Feigenbaum
This article presents reflections by Feigenbaum on David Riesman. David Riesman was Feigenbaum’s research assistant at the University of Chicago from 1956-1958. This article offers the context that led to the writing of “The Search for Challenge,” which is perceived as a leitmotif in the life of Riesman and is seen as a motivator for his writing of this article. Riesman’s wide-ranging intellectual perspective is presented in the article.
本文介绍费根鲍姆对里斯曼的反思。大卫·里斯曼(David Riesman)曾于1956年至1958年担任费根鲍姆在芝加哥大学的研究助理。这篇文章提供了导致《寻找挑战》写作的背景,这本书被认为是里斯曼生活中的主旋律,也是他写这篇文章的动力。文章介绍了里斯曼广泛的知识视角。
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引用次数: 0
Autoethnographic Examination of Data-Driven, Community-Tailored COVID-19 Response in Brownsville, Texas 德克萨斯州布朗斯维尔数据驱动、社区定制的COVID-19应对措施的自我民族志研究
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221118708
C. C. Blackburn, Michelle Jones, Miryoung Lee, Cici Bauer, Arturo Rodriguez, Roberto Garcia, S. Fisher-Hoch, J. McCormick, Kehe Zhang, Ava Garrett, Johanna Esteves
The City of Brownsville was made vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic due to high rates of obesity and diabetes, high rates of poverty, and adverse social determinants of health. To address the unique challenges faced by the community, Brownsville’s COVID-19 response brought together the skills of academia with the local understanding and health expertise of the city’s public health department to craft a pandemic response that addressed the specific needs and unique challenges of the residents. This article explores the response partnerships formed and the data-driven, community-oriented campaigns that were designed by the Brownsville Public Health Department. The collaborative partnership of the COVID-19 working group and the innovative dissemination strategies designed by the health department provided an effective method of disease mitigation among the city’s most vulnerable residents. The article demonstrates the impact of the response campaigns by including a resident’s perspective on the impact of the response, specifically how the health department tailored their efforts to meet the needs of the Brownsville community.
布朗斯维尔市因其高肥胖率和糖尿病率、高贫困率以及不利的健康社会决定因素而易受COVID-19大流行的影响。为了应对社区面临的独特挑战,布朗斯维尔的COVID-19应对措施将学术界的技能与当地的理解和城市公共卫生部门的卫生专业知识结合起来,制定了一项应对大流行的应对措施,以满足居民的特定需求和独特挑战。本文探讨了布朗斯维尔公共卫生部建立的应对伙伴关系和数据驱动的、面向社区的运动。COVID-19工作组的合作伙伴关系和卫生部门设计的创新传播策略为该市最脆弱的居民提供了有效的疾病缓解方法。本文通过包括居民对响应影响的看法来展示响应活动的影响,特别是卫生部门如何调整其努力以满足布朗斯维尔社区的需求。
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引用次数: 1
Psychology, Values, and the Meaning of Life: Bridging the Philosophy–Psychology Divide 心理学、价值观和生命的意义:弥合哲学与心理学的鸿沟
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221116170
S. Drob
A “psycho-axiological” model is presented that addresses both the psychological question of subjective “life-meaning” and the philosophical question of “the meaning of life.” The author establishes the relationship between 14 essential “modes of mind” and human values and shows how these modes provide the basis for philosophical theories of the meaning of life and psychological research concerning life-meaning. It is argued that life-meaning involves the actualization of values associated with one or more of the modes of mind and that, because at least certain values are objective, transcultural, and trans-world, such actualization comprises the meaning of life.
提出了一种“心理价值论”模型,既解决了主观“生命意义”的心理问题,也解决了“生命意义”的哲学问题。作者建立了14种重要的“思维模式”与人的价值观之间的关系,并说明这些模式如何为生命意义的哲学理论和关于生命意义的心理学研究提供基础。有人认为,生命意义涉及与一种或多种思维模式相关的价值观的实现,而且,因为至少某些价值观是客观的,跨文化的,跨世界的,这种实现包括生命的意义。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Humanistic Psychology
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