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Just environments foster character: A longitudinal assessment of school climate 公正的环境培养性格:学校氛围的纵向评估
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2081138
Kendra J. Thomas, J. M. Cunha, J. Santo
ABSTRACT Justice is at the center of many definitions of character across various lines of research, yet there is little empirical research on how the justice of contexts can foster character virtues. The current study draws from a sample of 1,865 Brazilian fourth and fifth graders across two time points in 60 schools (42.7% White; 48.3% male). A multilevel structural equation model demonstrated the mediating role that justice beliefs play between authoritative school climate and socio-emotional learning, and the character virtues of bravery, fairness, and prosocial leadership even after accounting for grade, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES). This study highlights the importance of understanding the contextual justice of children’s environments on the development of character virtues.
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引用次数: 1
Social justice development among emerging adult students: The influence of families, peers, and religious congregations 新兴成人学生的社会正义发展:家庭、同伴和宗教团体的影响
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2076659
Tara M. Stoppa
ABSTRACT Social justice development is likely influenced by a range of contextual experiences. We examined the ways in which emerging adult students’ experiences with families, peers, and religious congregations were associated with their own social justice outcomes. Participants (N = 288; 65.4% = women) completed a survey of social justice attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of their families’, peers,’ and congregations’ engagement with social justice issues. Findings indicated that family, peer, and congregational factors explained significant amounts of variance in students’ social justice outcomes and provided unique insight into aspects of students’ experiences that may be particularly relevant to social justice development during this period.
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引用次数: 0
Virtue developmental considerations of mindfulness 正念的美德发展考量
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-17 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2075837
S. Little
ABSTRACT Mindfulness is an umbrella term for a set of practices and strategies related to attention and non-critical awareness of our thoughts. Mindfulness is currently having a moment in popular culture and in clinical psychology for its many perceived benefits. However, there are reasons to worry about whether certain commitments and strategies of mindfulness might conflict with long-term progress in character development. This article places mindfulness in conversation with developmental considerations of virtue, asking how mindfulness practices might impact the various stages between natural character and mature moral virtue in different ways. Moreover, it proposes a distinction between two kinds of virtues, presence and absence virtues, that are differently impacted by the continued use of mindfulness practices in the later stages of virtue development.
正念是一个总称,涵盖了一系列与我们思想的注意力和非批判性意识相关的实践和策略。正念目前在流行文化和临床心理学中有一个时刻,因为它有许多公认的好处。然而,我们有理由担心,某些专注的承诺和策略是否会与性格发展的长期进展相冲突。这篇文章将正念与美德的发展考虑进行对话,询问正念练习如何以不同的方式影响自然性格和成熟道德美德之间的各个阶段。此外,它提出了两种美德之间的区别,在场美德和缺席美德,这两种美德在美德发展的后期阶段受到持续使用正念练习的不同影响。
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引用次数: 0
Resurgence of Confucian education in contemporary China: Parental involvement, moral anxiety, and the pedagogy of memorisation 当代中国儒家教育的复兴:父母参与、道德焦虑和记忆教学法
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2066639
Canglong Wang
ABSTRACT The resurgence of Confucian education in present-day China has received increasing academic attention over the last two decades. However, certain aspects of this trend remain poorly understood, particularly parents’ involvement in their children’s Confucian education. Based on a qualitative study conducted at a Confucian school, this article sheds light on why some Chinese parents today send their children to learn the Confucian classics. The parents interviewed criticised China’s examination-oriented state school system, which they regarded as too practically oriented to realise students’ personal and moral development. Instead, they wanted their children to cultivate Confucian virtues and moral suzhi (‘quality’). Also, Wang Caigui’s theory of ‘children reading classics’ education strengthened the parents’ confidence in the Confucian pedagogy of memorisation. Based on these findings, the article argues that using the critique tool, parents who advocate Confucian education have emerged as critical citizens who reflect on how not to be governed by the mainstream state education.
摘要近二十年来,儒家教育在当代中国的复兴越来越受到学术界的关注。然而,人们对这一趋势的某些方面仍知之甚少,尤其是父母对子女儒家教育的参与。本文基于在一所儒家学校进行的定性研究,揭示了为什么今天一些中国父母送孩子去学习儒家经典。接受采访的家长批评了中国以考试为导向的公立学校制度,他们认为这种制度过于注重实践,无法实现学生的个人和道德发展。相反,他们希望自己的孩子培养儒家美德和道德修养。此外,王财贵的“儿童读经”教育理论也增强了家长对儒家记忆教育的信心。基于这些发现,文章认为,使用批判工具,倡导儒家教育的父母已经成为批判公民,他们反思如何不受主流国家教育的支配。
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引用次数: 10
Why being morally virtuous enhances well-being: A self-determination theory approach 为什么道德高尚能提高幸福感:自决理论方法
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2066640
Alexios Arvanitis, Matt Stichter
ABSTRACT Self-determination theory, like other psychological theories that study eudaimonia, focuses on general processes of growth and self-realization. An aspect that tends to be sidelined in the relevant literature is virtue. We propose that special focus needs to be placed on moral virtue and its development. We review different types of moral motivation and argue that morally virtuous behavior is regulated through integrated regulation. We describe the process of moral integration and how it relates to the development of moral virtue. We then discuss what morally virtuous individuals are like, what shape their internal moral system is expected to take and introduce moral self-concordance. We consider why morally virtuous individuals are expected to experience eudaimonic well-being. Finally, we address the current gap in self-determination theory research on eudaimonia.
与其他研究幸福感的心理学理论一样,自我决定理论关注的是成长和自我实现的一般过程。在相关文献中往往被忽略的一个方面是美德。我们提出要特别关注道德美德及其发展。本文回顾了不同类型的道德动机,认为道德良善行为是通过综合调节来调节的。我们描述了道德整合的过程,以及它与道德美德发展的关系。然后我们讨论道德高尚的个体是什么样的,他们的内在道德体系应该是什么样的,并介绍道德自我和谐。我们考虑为什么道德高尚的人会被期望体验到幸福。最后,我们指出了目前关于幸福感的自我决定理论研究的空白。
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引用次数: 1
A comprehensive meta-analysis of character education programs 品格教育课程的综合元分析
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2060196
Mitch Brown, R. McGrath, Melinda C. Bier, K. Johnson, M. Berkowitz
ABSTRACT This study represents a large meta-analytic investigation of character education studies. We identified 214 studies up until 2017 (NTotal = 307,512) with at least one computable effect size comparing a character education program to a control condition. Initial analyses indicated a small, significant average positive effect for character education (g = 0.24, 95% CI [0.19, 0.28]). Single-session interventions and mentoring programs were associated with larger effects. However, all treatment lengths were associated with significant treatment effects, and the number of single-session interventions was small. Three programs—Cognitive Problem-Solving, Kohlberg’s Moral Dilemma Discussion and Strong Kids—were associated with above-average effects in multiple assessments. Evidence emerged suggesting selection bias in published literature. Correcting this bias indicated lower estimates of mean effects while remaining positive and significant. We consider heterogeneity in reporting standards and discuss how to address biases.
摘要本研究是对人格教育研究的一次大型元分析研究。截至2017年,我们确定了214项研究(NTotal=307512),其中至少有一个可计算的效应大小将性格教育计划与控制条件进行了比较。初步分析表明,性格教育的平均积极影响较小(g=0.24,95%CI[0.19,0.28])。单次干预和辅导计划的影响较大。然而,所有治疗时间都与显著的治疗效果相关,并且单次干预的次数很少。三个项目——认知问题解决、Kohlberg的道德困境讨论和强壮的孩子——在多项评估中与高于平均水平的效果有关。有证据表明,已发表的文献中存在选择偏见。纠正这种偏差表明,在保持积极和显著的同时,平均效应的估计值较低。我们考虑了报告标准的异质性,并讨论了如何解决偏见。
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引用次数: 1
The JME’s 50-year contribution to moral education: A content analysis 1971-2021 JME对道德教育50年的贡献:1971-2021年的内容分析
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2055533
A. Lee
ABSTRACT In celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Journal of Moral Education (JME) in 2021, this study explores moral education research trends and changes as reflected in JME from 1971 to 2021, with special attention to significant changes in the last decade, a period of rapid digitalization and increasingly complex socio-cultural contexts, both local and global. Moral education trends, as reflected in the 1261 articles published in JME, were investigated using content analysis of disciplinary approaches, keywords, research methodologies, as well as the national and gender backgrounds of the first authors and JME editorial teams and trustees. The main findings point to specific and important issues, central research topics, and neglected areas in moral education and development over the past five decades. The review offers JME and the field of moral education some considerations for the development of moral education, observations on research method paradigms, insights on gender equity, and attention to cultural diversity.
摘要为了庆祝2021年《德育杂志》(JME)创刊50周年,本研究探讨了1971年至2021年《道德教育杂志》所反映的德育研究趋势和变化,特别关注了过去十年的重大变化,这是一个快速数字化和日益复杂的地方和全球社会文化背景。正如发表在JME上的1261篇文章所反映的那样,德育趋势是通过对学科方法、关键词、研究方法以及第一作者、JME编辑团队和受托人的国家和性别背景的内容分析进行调查的。主要发现指出了过去五十年来道德教育和发展中的具体和重要问题、中心研究主题以及被忽视的领域。该综述为JME和德育领域提供了一些发展德育的考虑、对研究方法范式的观察、对性别公平的见解以及对文化多样性的关注。
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引用次数: 1
A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Biomedical Mg Alloy and Surface Coatings in Orthopedic Application. 对骨科应用中的生物医学镁合金和表面涂层进行系统回顾和网络元分析。
IF 4.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-03-31 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4529520
XinYue Lu, HongXin Cai, Yu Ru Li, Xinru Zheng, Jiahao Yun, Wenhui Li, XiaoYu Geng, Jae-Sung Kwon, Heng Bo Jiang

Magnesium alloys have great application prospects as ideal bone implant materials. However, their poor corrosion resistance limits their clinical orthopedic application. Surface modification promotes the corrosion resistance of magnesium. Conversion coatings, such as calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coating, microarc oxidation (MAO) treatment, and fluoride (FLU) treatment, have been extensively investigated in in vivo studies. This systematic review and network meta-analysis compared the influence of different conversion coatings on bone repair, material properties, and systemic host response in orthopedic applications. Using the PICOS model, the inclusion criteria for biodegradable magnesium and its alloys were determined for in vivo studies. Four databases were used. The standard and weight mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were used to analyze new bone formation and degradation rate. Network structure and forest plots were created, and ranking probabilities were estimated. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed using SYRCLE, CERQual, and GRADE tools. In the qualitative analysis, 43 studies were selected, and the evaluation of each outcome indicator was not entirely consistent from article to article. In the quantitative analysis, 21 articles were subjected to network meta-analysis, with 16 articles on implant degradation and 8 articles for new bone formation. Additionally, SUCRA indicated that Ca-P coating exhibited the highest corrosion resistance, followed by FLU treatment. MAO demonstrated the best capability for new bone formation, followed by Ca-P coating. Ca-P coating exhibited the highest overall performance. To conclude, coated Mg can promote better new bone formation than bare Mg and has considerable biocompatibility. Ca-P-coated Mg and MAO-coated Mg have the greatest potential to significantly promote corrosion resistance and bone regeneration, respectively. The findings of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the investigation of composite coatings and guidance for the orthopedic application of Mg bone implants.

镁合金作为理想的骨植入材料具有广阔的应用前景。然而,镁合金较差的耐腐蚀性限制了其在骨科临床上的应用。表面改性可提高镁的耐腐蚀性。磷酸钙(Ca-P)涂层、微弧氧化(MAO)处理和氟化物(FLU)处理等转化涂层已在体内研究中进行了广泛调查。本系统综述和网络荟萃分析比较了不同转换涂层对骨科应用中骨修复、材料特性和全身宿主反应的影响。利用 PICOS 模型,确定了生物可降解镁及其合金体内研究的纳入标准。使用了四个数据库。使用标准差和加权平均差以及 95% 的置信区间来分析新骨形成和降解率。创建了网络结构和森林图,并估算了排序概率。使用 SYRCLE、CERQual 和 GRADE 工具评估了偏倚风险和证据质量。在定性分析中,共选取了 43 项研究,不同文章对每项结果指标的评估并不完全一致。在定量分析中,对 21 篇文章进行了网络荟萃分析,其中 16 篇涉及种植体退化,8 篇涉及新骨形成。此外,SUCRA 显示,Ca-P 涂层的抗腐蚀性最高,其次是 FLU 处理。MAO 的新骨形成能力最强,其次是 Ca-P 涂层。Ca-P涂层的整体性能最高。总之,与裸镁相比,涂层镁能更好地促进新骨形成,并具有相当好的生物相容性。Ca-P涂层镁和MAO涂层镁分别在显著促进耐腐蚀性和骨再生方面具有最大的潜力。这项研究的结果将为复合涂层的研究提供理论依据,并为镁骨植入物在骨科领域的应用提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
From Taylor Swift to MLK: Understanding adolescents’ famous character role models 从泰勒·斯威夫特到马丁·路德·金:了解青少年的著名角色榜样
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2041409
Alison B. Hammond, Sara K. Johnson, Michelle B. Weiner, J. Lerner
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引用次数: 4
Social class and prosocial behavior in early adolescence: The moderating roles of family and school factors 社会阶层与青少年早期的亲社会行为:家庭和学校因素的调节作用
IF 1.7 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2022.2031920
Zhuojun Yao, R. Enright
ABSTRACT The association between prosocial behavior and adolescents’ social class—defined as one’s parents’ position in society assessed in terms of education, income, and occupation status—is far from conclusive and the moderators of the link have not been fully researched. Using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD) (N = 1,058), this study investigated the association between social class and 5th graders’ prosocial behavior, as well as the moderating roles of maternal sensitivity, positive family emotional expressiveness, teacher-student relationship, and peer support. The current research found that social class was positively associated with adolescents’ prosocial behavior, and the positive association between social class and prosocial behavior was less pronounced for adolescents with higher levels of maternal sensitivity, positive family emotional expressiveness, teacher-student relationship, and peer support than those with lower levels of maternal sensitivity, positive family emotional expressiveness, teacher-student relationship, and peer support. The present findings yield evidence on the negative influence of low social class on adolescents’ prosocial behavior, but this effect would be buffered by supportive and healthy relationships in family and school contexts.
摘要亲社会行为与青少年社会阶层之间的联系——定义为父母在社会中的地位,根据教育、收入和职业状况进行评估——还远没有定论,这种联系的调节因素也没有得到充分的研究。利用美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所早期儿童保育和青年发展研究(NICHD SECCYD)(N=1058)的数据,本研究调查了社会阶层与五年级学生亲社会行为之间的关系,以及母亲敏感性、积极的家庭情感表达、师生关系,以及对等支持。目前的研究发现,社会阶层与青少年的亲社会行为呈正相关,而对于母亲敏感性、积极的家庭情感表达、师生关系、,与母亲敏感性、积极的家庭情感表达、师生关系和同伴支持水平较低的人相比,同伴支持水平较高。目前的研究结果证明了低社会阶层对青少年亲社会行为的负面影响,但这种影响将通过家庭和学校环境中的支持和健康关系来缓冲。
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引用次数: 7
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