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Redefining Citizen Preparedness Through Social Practice Theory – Implications for Preparedness Policy 通过社会实践理论重新定义公民准备-准备政策的含义
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70088
Nina Heidenstrøm, Nina Baron, Nina Blom Andersen

Citizen preparedness has gained increasing prominence on political agendas in recent years, signalling a growing emphasis on individual responsibility within emergency management. Research has shown that contemporary preparedness policies typically frame this responsibility as an active state of awareness and readiness. In Scandinavia, national authorities have sought to promote such awareness through targeted communication campaigns. In 2024, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark distributed nationwide information leaflets recommending concrete preparedness measures. This article uses these leaflets to illustrate the prevailing preparedness paradigm and critically assesses its strengths and limitations. Drawing on existing research that conceptualises preparedness as embedded in social practices, the article argues for a shift in policy approach. Social practice theory views human behaviour not as a series of isolated decisions informed by available information but as routinised performances shaped by socially shared practices. From this perspective, enhancing citizen preparedness requires recognising the everyday contexts in which people manage risks. The article discusses the policy implications of applying a practice-theoretical lens to citizen preparedness. It concludes that this reframing offers a foundation for more effective and socially attuned policies to strengthen citizen preparedness.

近年来,公民准备在政治议程上日益突出,这表明应急管理中个人责任日益受到重视。研究表明,当代备灾政策通常将这一责任定义为一种积极的意识和准备状态。在斯堪的纳维亚,国家当局设法通过有针对性的宣传运动来提高这种认识。2024年,挪威、瑞典和丹麦在全国范围内分发了建议具体防范措施的信息传单。本文使用这些传单来说明流行的准备范式,并批判性地评估其优势和局限性。利用现有的研究,将准备概念化为嵌入社会实践,这篇文章主张政策方法的转变。社会实践理论认为,人类行为不是根据现有信息做出的一系列孤立的决定,而是由社会共同实践形成的常规行为。从这个角度来看,加强公民准备需要认识到人们管理风险的日常环境。本文讨论了将实践-理论的视角应用于公民准备的政策含义。报告的结论是,这种重构为制定更有效和与社会相协调的政策以加强公民准备奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Pru-DecorpTM and Pru-Decorp-MG: Pioneering Indian Medical Countermeasures to Strengthen Preparedness for Radiological and Nuclear Emergencies Pru-DecorpTM和Pru-Decorp-MG:开拓印度医疗对策,加强对辐射和核紧急情况的准备
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70086
Nidhi Sandal, Riya Mahar, Vivek Kumar, Mahendra Yadav, Pooja Sharma, Vaishali Aggrawal, Arjun Kumar, Nidhi Bansal

The increasing risk of radiological and nuclear emergencies poses a threat to all nations, including India, with its 22 nuclear reactors across 8 power plants. The Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), has been tasked with developing medical countermeasures like drugs, devices, and therapies to address such emergencies. In collaboration with the pharmaceutical industry under the Technology Development Fund (TDF) project, INMAS has developed Prussian blue (PB) formulations—an established antidote for radioactive Cesium (Cs) and Thallium (Tl). Following optimization and extensive invitro and invivo evaluations, the formulations were scaled up for industrial production. Approved by Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)/Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI), Pru-Decorp™, and Pru-Decorp-MG are now commercially available in India, with Pru-Decorp™ marking India's self-reliance and Pru-Decorp-MG™ protected by patent as an innovative INMAS product. The development of Pru-Decorp™ and Pru-Decorp-MG aligns with global standards, as PB is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a critical medicine for radiological and nuclear emergencies. These formulations underwent stringent regulatory reviews, ensuring their efficacy and safety for removing internal contamination by radioactive Cs and Tl. Their availability not only strengthens India's medical preparedness but also sets a benchmark for indigenous solutions in the field of radiological emergency management.

日益增加的放射性和核紧急情况风险对所有国家构成威胁,包括拥有8座发电厂22座核反应堆的印度。国防研究与发展组织(DRDO)核医学和相关科学研究所(INMAS)的任务是开发应对此类紧急情况的药物、设备和疗法等医疗对策。在技术发展基金(TDF)项目下,INMAS与制药业合作开发了普鲁士蓝(PB)配方,这是一种已建立的放射性铯(Cs)和铊(Tl)的解毒剂。经过优化和广泛的体外和体内评价,这些配方被规模化用于工业生产。经中央药品标准控制组织(CDSCO)/印度药品管理局(DCGI)批准,Pru-Decorp™和Pru-Decorp- mg现已在印度上市,其中Pru-Decorp™标志着印度的自力更生,Pru-Decorp- mg™作为创新INMAS产品受到专利保护。Pru-Decorp™和Pru-Decorp- mg的开发符合全球标准,因为PB被世界卫生组织(WHO)认可为放射性和核紧急情况的关键药物。这些配方经过严格的监管审查,确保其在消除放射性铯和放射性硫的内部污染方面的有效性和安全性。这些配方的供应不仅加强了印度的医疗准备,而且为放射性应急管理领域的本土解决方案树立了基准。
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引用次数: 0
The Problem of Fit and National Leadership Needs in Transboundary Crises: A Comparative Analysis of Italy, Sweden and Norway 跨国危机中的契合问题与国家领导需求:意大利、瑞典和挪威的比较分析
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70082
Tove Frykmer, Per Becker, Synnøve Nesse, Giuseppe Carrus, Sara Costa

Transboundary crises often create a problem of fit, where existing institutional structures are inadequate to meet the demands of the situation, requiring strategic adaptations. This study examines how Italy, Sweden, and Norway, in different ways, addressed national-level leadership needs of decision-making, coordination, and information flow during the early onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, not only based on how the crisis unfolded but also on important framing conditions. Italy's centralised approach leveraged expert advice to legitimise decisions, Sweden's expert-led strategy minimised political exposure, and Norway's hybrid decision-making model integrated political and expert roles to balance accountability. These approaches illustrate how pre-existing institutional arrangements took part in shaping initial responses, while strategies for managing political risk and framing of responsibility affected the adaptation of leadership practices to better align with situational demands, which appeared central to developing adaptive capacity. This comparative study highlights the significance of structural, political, and framing factors in shaping national responses, providing valuable insights for future research and practice.

跨界危机往往造成不合适的问题,即现有的体制结构不足以满足局势的需要,需要进行战略性调整。本研究考察了意大利、瑞典和挪威在2019冠状病毒病大流行初期如何以不同方式满足国家层面的决策、协调和信息流需求,不仅基于危机的展开方式,还基于重要的框架条件。意大利的集中式方法利用专家建议使决策合法化,瑞典的专家主导战略最大限度地减少了政治风险,挪威的混合决策模式将政治和专家角色结合起来,以平衡问责制。这些方法说明了预先存在的制度安排如何参与形成最初的反应,而管理政治风险和责任框架的战略影响了领导实践的适应,以更好地与情境需求保持一致,这似乎是发展适应能力的核心。这项比较研究强调了结构、政治和框架因素在形成国家反应中的重要性,为未来的研究和实践提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Early Warnings, No Actions: A Practice Perspective on Barriers to Anticipatory Action Approaches 预警,无行动:对预期行动方法障碍的实践视角
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70083
Pia Geisemann, Iris Seidemann, Dorcas Olawuyi, Daniel Geiger

Within the manifold approaches of climate adaptation efforts and resilience building, anticipatory action (AA) presents a promising, novel approach that emphasizes acting before a disaster strikes, shifting from reactive crisis response to proactive preparedness. Taking a management and coordination perspective, this paper analyzes challenges to the successful implementation of AA. Drawing on interviews, focus group discussions, meetings and observations with local communities, AA practitioners, local governments and the implementing humanitarian agency in flood-prone regions of Nigeria, this paper identifies five key barriers to AA. These barriers include conflicting timeframes between actors, tensions between short-term feasibility and long-term needs, competing priorities between anticipatory and reactive approaches, structural challenges in integrating AA into existing systems, and trade-offs related to the reliability and credibility of forecasting data. The findings show that these barriers are not isolated or stable, but co-enacted through interrelated practices of multiple actors involved in implementing AA. Adopting a practice perspective on barriers reveals how misalignments in temporalities, priorities, structures, and scales are co-constructed, helping to explain their persistence. We argue that addressing these challenges requires a shift from technical fixes of AA toward a systemic perspective that understands AA as a dynamic and complex governance challenge.

在气候适应努力和恢复力建设的多种方法中,预期行动(AA)提出了一种有希望的新方法,强调在灾难来袭之前采取行动,从被动的危机应对转变为主动的准备。本文从管理和协调的角度分析了AA成功实施面临的挑战。通过访谈、焦点小组讨论、会议和对当地社区、AA从业者、地方政府和尼日利亚洪水易发地区实施人道主义机构的观察,本文确定了AA的五个主要障碍。这些障碍包括参与者之间相互冲突的时间框架,短期可行性和长期需求之间的紧张关系,预期和反应方法之间的竞争优先事项,将AA整合到现有系统中的结构性挑战,以及与预测数据的可靠性和可信度相关的权衡。研究结果表明,这些障碍不是孤立的或稳定的,而是通过参与实施AA的多个参与者的相互关联的实践共同制定的。采用对障碍的实践观点揭示了在时间、优先级、结构和规模上的不一致是如何共同构建的,有助于解释它们的持久性。我们认为,解决这些挑战需要从AA的技术修复转向系统视角,将AA理解为一个动态和复杂的治理挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Government Responsibility Framing, Social Norms and Autonomy Supports on Citizens' Self-Responsibility Perception of Disaster Preparedness During Disaster Warnings 政府责任框架、社会规范和自治支持对灾害预警中公民备灾自我责任感知的影响
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70081
Zheng Wei, Lin Xue, Zhang Haibo

Self-responsibility perception (SRP) is a key yet under-researched psychological antecedence influencing citizens' disaster preparedness behaviours. Existing studies primarily examined SRP from a static perspective, overlooking its dynamic and multi-dimensional nature. This study focused on the two dimensions of SRP, namely self-responsibility acceptance and self-responsibility attribution. It investigated how emerging environmental cues in disaster warning stage influence individuals' SRP, including the government responsibility frame, social norms, and autonomy support. A factorial-designed online experiment was conducted with 647 subjects. Pre- and post-SRP comparison revealed that: (1) government responsibility frame significantly shifted responsibility attribution from individuals towards governments, with no significant effect on self-responsibility acceptance; (2) positive norms were more effective than negative norms in prompting self-responsibility acceptance, while has no significant effect on self-responsibility attribution; (3) compared to low autonomy-support conditions, high autonomy support from communities significantly increased both self-responsibility attribution and self-responsibility acceptance. The research showed that responsibility attribution of disaster preparedness can be influenced by the frame in warning messages, while acceptance of responsibility can only be enhanced by autonomy support and social norms. Practical and theoretical implications for understanding and nudging the development of SRP for disaster preparedness were discussed.

自我责任感知(SRP)是影响公民备灾行为的关键心理前因,但研究不足。现有研究主要从静态角度考察SRP,忽视了其动态和多维性。本研究主要关注自我责任行为的两个维度,即自我责任接受和自我责任归因。研究了灾害预警阶段出现的环境线索如何影响个体的SRP,包括政府责任框架、社会规范和自主性支持。对647名受试者进行了因子设计的在线实验。srp前后比较发现:(1)政府责任框架显著地将责任归因从个人向政府转移,但对自我责任接受没有显著影响;(2)积极规范在促进自我责任接受方面比消极规范更有效,但对自我责任归因没有显著影响;(3)与低自治支持条件相比,社区的高自治支持显著增加了自我责任归因和自我责任接受。研究表明,预警信息框架可以影响备灾责任归因,而自主性支持和社会规范只能促进备灾责任接受。讨论了理解和推动备灾SRP发展的实践和理论意义。
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引用次数: 0
Risk Communication and Community Engagement in Mass Gathering: A Conceptual Framework 群众集会中的风险沟通和社区参与:一个概念框架
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70080
Gholamreza Masoumi, Zahra Eskandari, Reza Mosaddegh, Hassan Amiri, Rezvaneh Rakhshanimehr, Amirhosein Sabaghian, Paniz Sanjari, Kobra Mafi, Arezoo Dehghani

Risk communication represents a dynamic and enduring process that significantly contributes to enhancing health management during mass gatherings. The development of an effective and adaptive communication framework, alongside community engagement, can facilitate informed decision-making and mitigate societal vulnerabilities. This study aims to clarified dimensions of risk communication in mass gathering in context of Iran and generate a Risk communication conceptual framework in mass gathering. This study employs a qualitative design, conducted between 2023 and 2024. Participants were intentionally selected, and data were gathered through semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews. The data were analysed by qualitative content analysis, and semantic codes were extracted and classified. Twenty risk communication managers and experts participated in this study. The analysis revealed four primary themes: contextual factors (including cultural infrastructure, social, economic, and political conditions, ethnic and linguistic diversity, and health literacy levels), causal factors (encompassing facilitating and attenuating causal elements), strategies (such as establishing a risk communication process, identifying audience segments, proactive content creation, fostering communication flow and information dissemination, timely awareness initiatives, educational campaigns, and interactive communication), and consequences (including rumor management, enhancing social engagement, improving health literacy, promoting behavioral changes in health, and ensuring effective health management during mass gatherings). Mass gatherings, irrespective of their intent, frequently lead to intricate and potentially hazardous scenarios. As mass gathering events unfold, they present unique challenges that necessitate comprehensive risk communication strategies.

风险沟通是一个动态和持久的过程,对加强大规模集会期间的健康管理有重大贡献。在社区参与的同时,发展有效和适应性的沟通框架可以促进知情决策并减轻社会脆弱性。本研究旨在澄清伊朗背景下大规模集会风险沟通的维度,并生成大规模集会风险沟通概念框架。本研究采用定性设计,在2023年至2024年间进行。参与者是有意选择的,数据是通过半结构化的、深入的个人访谈收集的。对数据进行定性内容分析,提取语义代码并进行分类。20位风险沟通经理和专家参与了本研究。分析揭示了四个主要主题:背景因素(包括文化基础设施、社会、经济和政治条件、族裔和语言多样性以及卫生扫盲水平)、因果因素(包括促进和削弱因果因素)、战略(如建立风险沟通过程、确定受众群体、主动创造内容、促进沟通流动和信息传播、及时提高认识举措、教育运动、(互动沟通)和后果(包括谣言管理、加强社会参与、提高卫生素养、促进卫生行为改变,以及确保大规模集会期间的有效卫生管理)。无论其意图如何,大规模集会往往会导致复杂和潜在危险的情况。随着大规模集会活动的展开,它们提出了独特的挑战,需要采取全面的风险沟通战略。
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引用次数: 0
How Leaders Lift Us Up and Bring Us Down: Relationship Quality With a Leader, Team Dynamics, and Outcomes During a Crisis 领导者如何让我们向上和向下:与领导者的关系质量,团队动力和危机中的结果
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70077
S. Amy Sommer, Jessica A. Maxwell

We investigate the nature of team members' relationship with their leader, team dynamics, and outcomes during a continuous organisational crisis in a healthcare setting. Leaders (n = 24) and team members (n = 150) completed matched surveys at three hospitals. Individuals who felt they had a stronger relationship with their leader than their teammates (i.e., higher on leader membership exchange (LMX) than their team average), performed better, were less likely to want to leave their job, and were more confident in their team's ability to succeed (i.e., higher team potency). Teams higher on LMX reported fewer turnover intentions, and were more creative. Both individuals' and team's core self-evaluations (CSE) were linked to positive outcomes, including higher team potency amongst teams with higher CSE. For weak leaders (i.e., team-rated low LMX or perceived expertise), individuals' positive CSE were associated with better performance. Implications and future research directions for crisis management are provided.

我们调查的性质团队成员的关系,他们的领导,团队动态和结果在一个持续的组织危机在医疗保健设置。领导(n = 24)和团队成员(n = 150)在三家医院完成了匹配的调查。那些认为自己与领导的关系比与队友的关系更密切的人(即,领导成员交换(LMX)高于团队平均水平),表现得更好,不太可能想要离职,并且对团队的成功能力更有信心(即,更高的团队效力)。LMX较高的团队报告的人员流失意图更少,而且更有创造力。个人和团队的核心自我评价(CSE)都与积极的结果有关,包括高CSE的团队中有更高的团队效力。对于弱领导(即团队评价的低LMX或感知的专业知识),个体的积极CSE与更好的绩效相关。提出了危机管理的启示和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Chinese Consumers' Participation in Automobile Recalls for Environmental Defects: Applying the Protective Action Decision Model and Norm Activation Model 基于保护行为决策模型和规范激活模型的中国消费者环境缺陷汽车召回参与研究
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70079
Ruiju Yang, Yan Zhang, Hong Huang

Automobile recalls for environmental defects (ARED) are proposed as an environmental policy in China to address automobile emission pollution by repairing environmental defects. Given the critical role of consumer engagement in achieving a high rate of recall completion, understanding consumer behavioural responses to ARED becomes paramount for policy efficacy. This study constructs a theoretical framework by integrating the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) and the Norm Activation Model (NAM) to elucidate the psychological decision-making mechanisms underlying consumer participation in ARED. This study also incorporates self-efficacy as a moderating variable to examine differences in consumers' behavioural responses between high and low self-efficacy groups. Using 1080 survey responses in China, structural equation models were employed to quantify the impacts of the proposed determinants on consumers' participation intention. The main results shows that personal norms, awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, and automobile emission knowledge significantly enhance consumers' participation intention. Personal norms are shaped by awareness of consequences, while both awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility are influenced by risk perception and automobile emission knowledge. Moreover, the multi-group path analysis reveals that these relationships vary across different levels of self-efficacy. This study advances the theoretical understanding of consumers' participation intention, and offers valuable insights for regulators and firms in optimising recall communication and implementation strategies.

汽车环境缺陷召回(ARED)是中国提出的一项通过修复环境缺陷来解决汽车排放污染的环境政策。鉴于消费者参与在实现高召回完成率方面的关键作用,了解消费者对召回的行为反应对政策效力至关重要。本研究通过整合保护行为决策模型(PADM)和规范激活模型(NAM),构建了一个理论框架,以阐明消费者参与紧急救援的心理决策机制。本研究还将自我效能作为调节变量,考察了高、低自我效能组消费者行为反应的差异。本文利用中国1080份调查问卷的反馈,采用结构方程模型来量化所提出的决定因素对消费者参与意愿的影响。主要结果表明,个人规范、后果意识、责任归属和汽车排放知识显著增强了消费者的参与意愿。个人规范受后果意识的影响,而后果意识和责任归属均受风险认知和汽车排放知识的影响。此外,多群体路径分析显示,这些关系在不同水平的自我效能感中存在差异。本研究促进了对消费者参与意愿的理论认识,并为监管机构和企业优化召回沟通和实施策略提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Services Provided During Three Major Earthquakes in Türkiye: A Phenomenological Study 台湾三次大地震服务评价:现象学研究
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70078
Galip Usta, Saime Şahinöz

The aim of this study is to compare the services provided after three major earthquakes in Türkiye (Gölcük, Van, Elazığ) to examine in depth from the perspective of earthquakes and to present policy recommendations. The phenomenological design was adopted in the study. The study was conducted with 30 people who experienced the earthquakes between 07.04.2021 and 14.06.2021. In the study, theft and looting were the most frequently coded common features in the Gölcük and Van earthquakes. One of the most frequently coded common features in the Van and Elazığ earthquakes was that nothing was done about CBRN. In both earthquakes, it was found that the telephone outage that occurred after the earthquake was commonly coded. It was observed that there were problems in terms of information, guidance and awareness of assembly areas. It was evaluated that there were traffic problems after the earthquakes. While the lack of psychosocial support services was mentioned in the Gölcük earthquake, it was evaluated that the provision of psychosocial support services began to become evident in the subsequent earthquakes. It was determined that the number of teams and personnel in the search and rescue efforts in the Gölcük earthquake were insufficient. It was evaluated that training and drill activities have an important place in minimizing the problems experienced after earthquakes. It is seen that no radical work has been done to protect domestic or street animals after the earthquakes. As a result, it is recommended that disaster plans be prepared comprehensively, psychosocial support services be developed, training and drill activities be emphasized, critical facilities be strengthened, the infrastructure system be prepared for disasters, the communication system be strengthened, and security procedures be implemented effectively, using the lessons learned from the earthquakes.

本研究的目的是比较 rkiye (Gölcük, Van, Elazığ)三次大地震后提供的服务,从地震的角度进行深入研究,并提出政策建议。本研究采用现象学设计。该研究是在2021年4月7日至2021年6月14日期间对30名经历过地震的人进行的。在这项研究中,盗窃和抢劫是Gölcük和Van地震中最常见的共同特征。在Van和Elazığ地震中最常见的共同特征之一是没有对CBRN采取任何措施。在这两次地震中,人们发现地震后发生的电话中断通常是编码的。有人指出,在信息、指导和对集会地区的认识方面存在问题。据估计,地震后出现了交通问题。虽然在Gölcük地震中提到缺乏社会心理支持服务,但据评估,在随后的地震中,社会心理支持服务的提供开始变得明显。经确定,参与Gölcük地震搜救工作的队伍和人员数量不足。据评估,训练和演习活动在尽量减少地震后遇到的问题方面具有重要作用。可以看出,地震后没有采取任何激进的措施来保护家养动物或街头动物。因此,建议全面编制灾害计划,发展社会心理支助服务,强调培训和演习活动,加强关键设施,为灾害准备基础设施系统,加强通讯系统,并利用从地震中吸取的教训有效执行安全程序。
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引用次数: 0
Opting Out: Over-Alerting and Warning Fatigue in the Era of Wireless Emergency Alerts 选择退出:无线紧急警报时代的过度警报和警报疲劳
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.70076
Jeannette Sutton, Michele M. Wood

While warning fatigue is commonly described among emergency management practitioners as a problem due to over-alerting, which leads to opting out, there has been limited research to define these concepts in a systematic manner that can inform policymaking around public alerting strategies, especially as they relate to Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA). In this study, we draw from semi-structured interviews with emergency managers and open-ended responses from surveys with emergency managers and members of the public, to develop definitions of ‘over-alerting’ and ‘warning fatigue’ and to identify the conditions that cause the public to ‘opt out’ of WEA messages. We conduct thematic content analyses to identify the dimensions of each concept, showing how they are represented by a variety of factors. We find that the antecedents to warning fatigue include alert frequency, relevancy and message content; symptoms of warning fatigue comprise mental strain, emotional and physiological stress and evaluative fatigue; the consequences of warning fatigue are threefold, including desensitization, complaining and opting out. By identifying the dimensions and factors that comprise warning fatigue, it becomes possible to determine what the true drivers are that affect decisions to turn off or tune out emergency alerts.

虽然警报疲劳通常被应急管理从业者描述为由于过度警报而导致选择退出的问题,但以系统的方式定义这些概念的研究有限,这些概念可以为围绕公共警报策略的政策制定提供信息,特别是与无线紧急警报(WEA)相关的研究。在本研究中,我们从对应急管理人员的半结构化访谈和对应急管理人员和公众成员的开放式调查中得出结论,以制定“过度警报”和“警告疲劳”的定义,并确定导致公众“选择退出”WEA信息的条件。我们进行主题内容分析,以确定每个概念的维度,显示它们如何由各种因素表示。研究发现,预警疲劳的影响因素包括预警频率、关联度和信息内容;警觉性疲劳的症状包括精神紧张、情绪和生理压力以及评估性疲劳;警告疲劳的后果是三重的,包括脱敏、抱怨和选择退出。通过确定构成警告疲劳的维度和因素,就有可能确定影响关闭或关闭紧急警报决定的真正驱动因素是什么。
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引用次数: 0
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