Disaster Prevention and Management最新文献_第5页

Co-production revisited: from knowledge plurality to action for disaster risk reduction 重新审视合作生产:从知识多元化到减少灾害风险的行动

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-06-2023-0131

Minh Tran, Dayoon Kim

Purpose

The authors revisit the notion of co-production, highlight more critical and re-politicized forms of co-production and introduce three principles for its operationalization. The paper’s viewpoint aims to find entry points for enabling more equitable disaster research and actions via co-production.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors draw insights from the authors’ reflections as climate and disaster researchers and literature on knowledge politics in the context of disaster and climate change, especially within critical disaster studies and feminist political ecology.

Findings

Disaster studies can better contribute to disaster risk reduction via political co-production and situating local and Indigenous knowledge at the center through three principles, i.e. ensuring knowledge plurality, surfacing norms and assumptions in knowledge production and driving actions that tackle existing knowledge (and broader sociopolitical) structures.

Originality/value

The authors draw out three principles to enable the political function of co-production based on firsthand experiences of working with local and Indigenous peoples and insights from a diverse set of co-production, feminist political ecology and critical disaster studies literature. Future research can observe how it can utilize these principles in its respective contexts.

作者重新审视了合拍片的概念，强调了更具批判性和再政治化的合拍片形式，并介绍了合拍片运作的三个原则。这篇论文的观点旨在找到切入点，通过合作生产实现更公平的灾害研究和行动。设计/方法/方法作者从他们作为气候和灾害研究人员的反思和灾害和气候变化背景下的知识政治文献中获得见解，特别是在批判性灾害研究和女权主义政治生态学中。灾害研究可以通过政治合作生产和将当地和土著知识置于中心位置，从而更好地促进减少灾害风险。这三个原则是:确保知识多元化、揭示知识生产中的规范和假设，以及推动解决现有知识(以及更广泛的社会政治)结构的行动。原创性/价值作者根据与当地和土著人民合作的第一手经验，以及从各种合作制作、女权主义政治生态学和批判性灾难研究文献中获得的见解，提出了三项原则，使合作制作能够发挥政治功能。未来的研究可以观察它如何在各自的背景下利用这些原则。

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引用次数: 0

Categorising potential non-disasters 对潜在的非灾害进行分类

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-07-2023-0156

Brady Podloski, Ilan Kelman

Purpose

This short paper builds on and critiques work presenting potential non-disasters: disasters that did not seem to happen despite a major hazard. Previous work does not differentiate among different types of potential non-disasters. This short paper uses local information to propose three categories according to reasons for vulnerability being low or absent. These proposed categories are used to critique the construct of “potential non-disasters”.

Design/methodology/approach

This short paper uses a subjective approach to examples of potential non-disasters in 2022, focusing on local information that describes what happened. This information is applied and analysed for the three proposed categories using examples from Japan, Nepal, the Philippines and Vietnam. Such comparisons are useful for critiquing “potential non-disasters”, by understanding better local approaches and information available for reporting on situations that could be disasters.

Findings

Potential non-disasters remain relevant for exploring mechanisms, tools and actions for educating about vulnerability causes and vulnerability reduction to avert disasters. Limitations are evident by relying on media reports, even local ones with local authors. A suggestion is to implement a grant programme for collecting data immediately after a major hazard without an evident, major disaster. Additionally, an annual report and critique of each year's potential non-disasters, categorised and analysed, would help to evidence the presence and limits of the “potential non-disaster” construct.

Originality/value

This short paper contributes a much deeper theoretical dive into understanding potential non-disasters, both describing them and the drawbacks of the construct. To practitioners, the construct now offers more avenues for actions while illustrating their effectiveness in reducing vulnerabilities. Thus, this paper supports multiple, linked pathways towards more non-disasters.

这篇短文建立在潜在的非灾害研究的基础上，并对其进行了批评。潜在的非灾害是指尽管存在重大危害，但似乎并未发生的灾害。以前的工作没有区分不同类型的潜在非灾害。本文利用局部信息，根据脆弱性低或不存在的原因，提出了三类脆弱性。这些提出的类别被用来批判“潜在的非灾难”的结构。设计/方法/方法这篇短文使用主观的方法来举例说明2022年可能发生的非灾害，重点关注描述发生了什么的当地信息。利用日本、尼泊尔、菲律宾和越南的例子，将这些信息应用于三个拟议类别并进行分析。这种比较有助于批评“潜在的非灾害”，通过了解更好的当地办法和可用于报告可能成为灾害的情况的信息。潜在的非灾害仍然与探索机制、工具和行动有关，以教育关于脆弱性原因和减少脆弱性以避免灾害。依靠媒体报道，即使是由本地作者撰写的本地报道，其局限性也是显而易见的。一项建议是实施一项赠款方案，以便在发生重大灾害后立即收集数据，而不是发生明显的重大灾害。此外，对每年潜在的非灾害进行分类和分析的年度报告和批评，将有助于证明“潜在的非灾害”结构的存在和局限性。原创性/价值这篇短文为理解潜在的非灾难提供了更深入的理论，既描述了它们，也描述了结构的缺点。对于实践者来说，这个结构现在为行动提供了更多的途径，同时说明了它们在减少脆弱性方面的有效性。因此，本文支持多种相互关联的途径，以实现更多的非灾难。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing equity in disaster risk governance in Brazil and Colombia 评估巴西和哥伦比亚灾害风险治理的公平性

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-06-2023-0142

Philipp Ulbrich, André Vinicius Leal Sobral, Luis Alejandro Rivera-Flórez, Edna Margarita Rodríguez-Gaviria, Jon Coaffee, Victor Marchezini, João Porto de Albuquerque

Purpose

Disasters continue to be most prevalent and severe for marginalised communities. To reach those furthest behind first, as the global community pledges in the 2030 Agenda, a critical assessment of equity in disaster risk governance is necessary. Yet, the understanding of factors that mediate the capacity of the governance processes to achieve equity ambitions is limited. This paper addresses this gap by proposing and testing a conceptual framework to assess equity in disaster risk governance.

Design/methodology/approach

The framework analyses the extent to which institutional relationships and data in risk governance support inclusion and diversity of voice and enable the equitable engagement of communities. The study applied the framework to key risk policies across governance levels in Brazil and Colombia.

Findings

The study finds that institutional awareness of cross-sectoral and -scalar coordination clearly exists. Yet, the engagement of actors further down the governance scale is framed reactively at all scales in both countries. The analysis of the risk data practices indicates that although data integration and sharing are key policy priorities, the policies frame the relations of disaster risk data actors as hierarchical, with data needs determined from the top down.

Originality/value

A key contribution of this framework is that its equity view results in a nuanced analysis, thus pointing to the differences between the two countries concerning the factors that mediate these challenges and providing specific entry points for strengthening equity in risk governance policies.

对边缘社区来说，灾害仍然是最普遍和最严重的。正如国际社会在《2030年议程》中所承诺的那样，要首先帮助落在最后面的人，就必须对灾害风险治理的公平性进行批判性评估。然而，对调节治理过程实现公平目标的能力的因素的理解是有限的。本文通过提出和测试一个评估灾害风险治理公平性的概念框架来解决这一差距。设计/方法/方法该框架分析了风险治理中的机构关系和数据在多大程度上支持包容性和多样性的声音，并使社区能够公平参与。该研究将该框架应用于巴西和哥伦比亚各级政府的关键风险政策。研究发现，跨部门、跨尺度协调的制度意识明显存在。然而，在这两个国家，治理层级较低的行为者的参与在所有层级上都是反应性的。对风险数据实践的分析表明，尽管数据集成和共享是关键的政策优先事项，但这些政策将灾害风险数据参与者的关系框架为分层关系，数据需求由上而下确定。原创性/价值本框架的一个关键贡献是，其公平性观点导致了细致入微的分析，从而指出了两国在调解这些挑战的因素方面的差异，并为加强风险治理政策中的公平性提供了具体的切入点。

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引用次数: 0

Why are you in disaster studies? Liberating future scholars from oppressive disaster science 你为什么从事灾难研究?把未来的学者从压抑的灾害科学中解放出来

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-06-2023-0150

Victor Marchezini

Purpose

The question of “why we are in disaster studies” can be essential to reflect on discourses and practices – as students, researchers and professors – in constituting an oppressive disaster science and finding ways to liberate from it.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on autobiographical research and institutional ethnography to observe and analyze the discourses and practices about career trajectories as students, researchers and professors in disaster studies.

Findings

The paper provides some categories, concepts, theoretical approaches and lived experiences helpful for discussing ways of liberating disaster studies, such as public sociology of disaster.

Originality/value

Few papers have focused on professional trajectories in disaster studies, bringing insights from public sociology and questioning oppressive disaster science.

目的:作为学生、研究人员和教授，“我们为什么从事灾害研究”的问题对于反思话语和实践——在构成一门压迫性的灾害科学并找到从中解放出来的方法——是至关重要的。设计/方法/方法本文基于自传研究和制度民族志，观察和分析灾害研究中学生、研究人员和教授关于职业轨迹的话语和实践。本文提供了一些范畴、概念、理论途径和生活经验，有助于探讨灾难公共社会学等解放灾难研究的途径。原创性/价值很少有论文关注灾害研究的职业轨迹，带来公共社会学的见解，并质疑压迫性灾害科学。

引用次数: 0

Interorganizational networks in response to the critical infrastructure breakdown: case of the 2018 KT network blackout 应对关键基础设施故障的组织间网络:以2018年KT网络停电为例

4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-01-2023-0011

NakHyeok Choi, KyungWoo Kim

Purpose This study aims to demonstrate how governmental authorities can take interorganizational network responses to address unexpected situations developed by the breakdown of critical infrastructure, such as communication failure in a hyperconnected society. Design/methodology/approach This study uses social network analysis to investigate the performance of interorganizational response networks regarding the 2018 KT network blackout, a failure of telecommunication facility, compared to the planned network. Findings The national fire agency was the most prominent actor in the actual interorganizational network, while the actor was not significant in the planned network in addressing unexpected needs. Moreover, top government authorities were involved in the actual response network because of the national attention on the breakdown of the infrastructure as a focusing event. Originality/value Unexpected conditions in the actual response to a technological disaster, such as a critical infrastructure (CI) breakdown, require the involvement of emerging or non-significant actors in accordance with the findings related to other types of disasters. Particularly, communication failure in a hyperconnected society may involve prominent government authorities in the actual interorganizational response because of the event's broad and severe impact on the functions of society.

本研究旨在展示政府当局如何采取组织间网络响应来应对关键基础设施崩溃所导致的意外情况，例如超连接社会中的通信故障。设计/方法/方法本研究使用社会网络分析来调查2018年KT网络停电(电信设施故障)与计划网络相比的组织间响应网络的性能。国家消防机构是实际组织间网络中最突出的行动者，而在解决意外需求的计划网络中，行动者并不显著。此外，由于国家将基础设施的崩溃作为重点事件予以关注，因此政府高层当局参与了实际的反应网络。原创性/价值对技术灾难的实际响应中的意外情况，例如关键基础设施(CI)故障，需要根据与其他类型灾难相关的发现，参与新兴或非重要参与者。特别是，由于事件对社会功能的广泛而严重的影响，在一个高度连接的社会中，沟通失败可能会涉及到实际的组织间反应中的重要政府当局。

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引用次数: 0

Pacific methodologies in critical disaster studies 关键灾害研究中的太平洋方法论

4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-05-2023-0124

Maria Koreti Sang Yum, Roger C. Baars

Purpose Research in critical disaster studies stresses the urgency to explore alternative ontological framings (Gaillard and Raju, 2022) that encourages researchers and practitioners, especially Indigenous communities, to nurture spaces where Indigenous voices are well represented. It is imperative that research in the Pacific should be guided by Pacific research methodologies to maximize positive outcomes (Ponton, 2018) and break free from limited Eurocentric ideologies that are often ill-suited in Pacific contexts. Hazards in the South Pacific region have become more frequent and volatile. This has created a growing interest in the study of disasters in the region. However, current disaster studies in the Pacific are often problematic as they often fail to challenge the implicit coloniality of the discipline. Design/methodology/approach This paper will expand on these arguments, suggesting ways to overcome the limits of common Eurocentric research frameworks in disaster studies and to illustrate the significance and relevance of Pacific methodologies. Findings It is pertinent that critical disaster studies encapsulate Pacific worldviews and knowledge as valued and valid to reconstruct Pacific research. Decolonizing disaster research will ultimately liberate the discipline from limitations of its colonial past and allow for truly engaging and critical research practices. Originality/value This paper will illustrate and articulate how Talanoa, a pan-Pacific concept, could offer a more culturally appropriate research methodology to disasters, seen through a Samoan lens. Talanoa is an informal conversation that is widely shared among Pacific communities based on pure, authentic and real conversations which are crucial elements in building relationships with Pacific communities (Vaioleti, 2006).

关键灾难研究的研究强调探索替代本体框架的紧迫性(Gaillard和Raju, 2022)，鼓励研究人员和从业者，特别是土著社区，培育土著声音得到充分代表的空间。太平洋地区的研究必须以太平洋研究方法为指导，以最大限度地发挥积极成果(Ponton, 2018)，并摆脱有限的以欧洲为中心的意识形态，这些意识形态往往不适合太平洋地区。南太平洋区域的灾害变得更加频繁和不稳定。这使人们对研究该地区的灾害产生了越来越大的兴趣。然而，目前太平洋地区的灾难研究往往存在问题，因为它们往往未能挑战该学科的隐性殖民性。本文将扩展这些论点，提出克服灾害研究中常见的以欧洲为中心的研究框架的局限性的方法，并说明太平洋方法的重要性和相关性。关键的灾难研究将太平洋的世界观和知识概括为有价值和有效的，这对于重建太平洋研究是相关的。非殖民化的灾难研究最终将把这门学科从其殖民历史的限制中解放出来，并允许真正参与和批判性的研究实践。本文将说明和阐明Talanoa这个泛太平洋概念如何能够通过萨摩亚的视角为灾害提供一种更适合文化的研究方法。Talanoa是一种在太平洋社区中广泛共享的非正式对话，基于纯粹，真实和真实的对话，这是与太平洋社区建立关系的关键因素(Vaioleti, 2006)。

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引用次数: 0

Drivers of disaster planning among African-American households 非裔美国人家庭灾难计划的驱动因素

4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-08-2023-0187

Jason M. Pudlo, William Curtis Ellis, Ernest B. McGowen

Purpose The paper seeks to explore the drivers of disaster planning in African-American households. While the paper is exploratory, the authors attempt to dialogue with substantial theoretical and applied research around vulnerability and disaster. Race, ethnicity and vulnerability are issues deeply entangled with American disaster preparedness and response. In this study, the authors hope to illuminate the threads which bind them together and contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between race, ethnicity, class and preparedness. Design/methodology/approach Data for this project come from a disaster planning question placed on the 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS). The authors analyze a split sample of around 5,000 African-American households descriptively and with multinomial logistic regression. Findings Disaster planning among African-American households is a product of past experiences, concern about other hazards, social trust and gender identity. These results are similar to other findings within the study of household preparedness and help to advance the understanding of predictors within the African-American community. Key drivers such as income, education level, gender identity, social trust and perceptions of other risks are consistent with previous studies. Originality/value This project is the first to examine issues of disaster planning utilizing a national sample of African-American households via the one-of-a-kind 2020 CMPS.

本研究旨在探讨非裔美国人家庭灾害规划的驱动因素。虽然这篇论文是探索性的，但作者试图与围绕脆弱性和灾难的大量理论和应用研究进行对话。种族、民族和脆弱性是与美国的备灾和救灾深深纠缠在一起的问题。在这项研究中，作者希望阐明将它们联系在一起的线索，并有助于更细致地理解种族、民族、阶级和准备之间的关系。设计/方法/方法本项目的数据来自2020年多种族选举后合作调查(CMPS)中的灾难规划问题。作者对大约5000个非裔美国家庭的分裂样本进行了描述性分析，并使用多项逻辑回归。非裔美国人家庭的灾害规划是过去经历、对其他灾害的担忧、社会信任和性别认同的产物。这些结果与家庭准备研究中的其他发现相似，有助于促进对非洲裔美国人社区预测因素的理解。收入、教育水平、性别认同、社会信任和对其他风险的认知等关键驱动因素与以往的研究一致。该项目是第一个通过独一无二的2020年CMPS，利用非洲裔美国家庭的全国样本来研究灾害规划问题的项目。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing “no natural disasters” with care: risks and strategies to address disasters as political phenomena in conflict zones 谨慎推进“无自然灾害”:作为冲突地区政治现象处理灾害的风险和战略

4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-08-2023-0197

Rodrigo Mena

Purpose The notion that disasters are not natural is longstanding, leading to a growing number of campaigns aimed at countering the use of the term “natural disaster.” Whilst these efforts are crucial, critical perspectives regarding the potential risks associated with this process are lacking, particularly in places affected by violent conflict. This paper aims to present a critical analysis of these efforts, highlighting the need to approach them with care. Design/methodology/approach The author draws upon insights and discussions accumulated over a decade of research into the relationship between disasters and conflict. The article includes a critical literature review on the disaster–conflict relationship and literature specifically addressing the idea that disasters are not natural. The analysis of field notes led to a second literature review covering topics such as (de) politicisation, instrumentalisation, disaster diplomacy, ethics, humanitarian principles, disaster risk reduction, peacebuilding and conflict sensitivity. Findings This analysis underscores the importance of advocating that disasters are not natural, especially in conflict-affected areas. However, an uncritical approach could lead to unintended consequences, such as exacerbating social conflicts or obstructing disaster-related actions. The article also presents alternatives to advance the understanding that disasters are not natural whilst mitigating risks, such as embracing a “do-no-harm” approach or conflict-sensitive analyses. Originality/value The author offers an innovative critical approach to advancing the understanding that disasters are not natural but socio-political. This perspective is advocated, especially in conflict-affected contexts, to address the root causes of both disasters and conflicts. The author also invites their peers and practitioners to prioritise reflective scholarship and practices, aiming to prevent the unintentional exacerbation of suffering whilst working towards its reduction.

灾害不是自然造成的这一观念由来已久，导致越来越多的运动旨在反对使用“自然灾害”一词。虽然这些努力至关重要，但缺乏对与这一进程相关的潜在风险的批判性观点，特别是在受暴力冲突影响的地方。本文旨在对这些努力进行批判性分析，强调需要谨慎对待它们。设计/方法/方法作者借鉴了十多年来对灾害与冲突关系的研究所积累的见解和讨论。这篇文章包括对灾害与冲突关系的批判性文献综述，以及专门论述灾害不是自然的观点的文献。对实地记录的分析导致了第二次文献综述，涉及的主题包括(去)政治化、工具化、灾难外交、伦理、人道主义原则、减少灾害风险、建设和平和冲突敏感性。这一分析强调了倡导灾害不是自然灾害的重要性，特别是在受冲突影响的地区。然而，不加批判的做法可能导致意想不到的后果，例如加剧社会冲突或阻碍与灾害有关的行动。这篇文章还提出了在减轻风险的同时促进对灾害不是自然的理解的替代方案，例如采用“不伤害”方法或对冲突敏感的分析。原创性/价值作者提供了一种创新的批判方法，以促进对灾害不是自然的而是社会政治的理解。提倡这种观点，特别是在受冲突影响的情况下，以解决灾害和冲突的根本原因。作者还邀请他们的同行和实践者优先考虑反思的学术和实践，旨在防止无意中加剧痛苦，同时努力减少痛苦。

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引用次数: 0

The C-word: how critical cartography, critical GIS and critical data studies can repoliticise disaster-related maps 关键字:关键制图、关键地理信息系统和关键数据研究如何使与灾害相关的地图重新政治化

4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-04-2023-0077

Valentina Carraro

Purpose Mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are widely used in disaster research and practice. While, in some cases, these practices incorporate methods inspired by critical cartography and critical GIS, they rarely engage with the theoretical discussions that animate those fields. Design/methodology/approach In this commentary, the author considers three such discussions, and draws out their relevance for disaster studies: the turn towards processual cartographies, political economy analysis of datafication and calls for theorising computing of and from the South. Findings The review highlights how these discussions can contribute to the work of scholars engaged in mapping for disaster risk management and research. First, it can counter the taken-for-granted nature of disaster-related maps, and encourage debate about how such maps are produced, used and circulated. Second, it can foster a reflexive attitude towards the urge to quantify and map disasters. Third, it can help to rethink the role of digital technologies with respect to ongoing conversations on the need to decolonise disaster studies. Originality/value The paper aims to familiarise disaster studies scholars with literature that has received relatively little attention in this field and, by doing so, contribute to a repoliticisation of disaster-related maps.

测绘和地理信息系统(GIS)在灾害研究和实践中得到了广泛的应用。虽然，在某些情况下，这些实践结合了受关键制图和关键地理信息系统启发的方法，但它们很少参与到使这些领域充满活力的理论讨论中。在这篇评论中，作者考虑了三个这样的讨论，并得出了它们与灾害研究的相关性:转向过程制图，数据化的政治经济分析，以及呼吁将南方和来自南方的计算理论化。这篇综述强调了这些讨论如何有助于从事灾害风险管理和研究测绘的学者的工作。首先，它可以对抗与灾害有关的地图被视为理所当然的性质，并鼓励就如何制作、使用和传播这些地图进行辩论。其次，它可以培养一种对量化和绘制灾害地图的冲动的反射性态度。第三，它可以帮助我们重新思考数字技术在关于灾害研究非殖民化必要性的持续对话中的作用。原创性/价值本文旨在使灾害研究学者熟悉在该领域受到相对较少关注的文献，并通过这样做，有助于灾害相关地图的再政治化。

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引用次数: 0

Book review: In the shadow of Tungurahua: Disaster Politics in Highland Ecuador 书评:在通古拉瓦的阴影下:厄瓜多尔高地的灾难政治

4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Disaster Prevention and Management

Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1108/dpm-06-2023-423

Ksenia Chmutina, Jason von Meding, A.J. Faas

引用次数: 1