Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2023.2166302
G. Searle, Sébastien Darchen
Recent scholarship on how cities come to adopt new policies has focused on the notion of mobile policy. This incorporates the idea that policy actors create mental maps of ‘ best cities ’ (McCann & Ward, 2011, xiv) or “ powerful centres ” (Peck & Theodore, 2015, 23) for the latest policies to inform future strategies, which are then converted into locally appropriate solutions. This scholarship recognises that policies thus identi fi ed will need to be adjusted to make them work in new locations (McCann & Ward, 2011, xiv). The overall picture is of an urban policy landscape of sporadic new policies that offer new approaches to urban problems and that are then picked up by cities around the globe and incorporated in their strategies. This scholarship suggests that most really innovative urban policies are borrowed by cities rather than developed locally across a range of urban areas. Mobile policies have assumed promin-ence in an era of heightened inter-city competition amidst social and environmental challenges. The mobility of policies is further intensi fi ed through the existence of international networks of scholars and policy-makers that transmit knowledge of initiatives that have proven successful somewhere in meeting these challenges. Nevertheless, existing scholarship does not adequately interrogate the ways in which innovative new urban policies are generated in the fi rst place. What kinds of factors should we look for to explain the emergence of such policies? Are there certain kinds of policy challenges that are less susceptible to being adopted from somewhere else and that are more likely to need local innovation? This short paper attempts to open debate on these questions. In doing so, we draw on a recent survey of innovative urban sustainability policies implemented across the globe after developing insights suggested by the theoretical concepts of Deleuze. The particular Deleuzian concepts we draw on start with the notion of the rhizome, and the way it can be used to understand how new policies emerge. Next, Deleuze ’ s emphasis on the importance of context and contingency is used in conjunction with his concept of multiplicity to understand the characteristics that new policies might have. In addition, Deleuze ’ s concept of the fold
{"title":"New Urban Sustainability Policies: Deleuze and Local Innovation Versus Policy Mobility","authors":"G. Searle, Sébastien Darchen","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2023.2166302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2023.2166302","url":null,"abstract":"Recent scholarship on how cities come to adopt new policies has focused on the notion of mobile policy. This incorporates the idea that policy actors create mental maps of ‘ best cities ’ (McCann & Ward, 2011, xiv) or “ powerful centres ” (Peck & Theodore, 2015, 23) for the latest policies to inform future strategies, which are then converted into locally appropriate solutions. This scholarship recognises that policies thus identi fi ed will need to be adjusted to make them work in new locations (McCann & Ward, 2011, xiv). The overall picture is of an urban policy landscape of sporadic new policies that offer new approaches to urban problems and that are then picked up by cities around the globe and incorporated in their strategies. This scholarship suggests that most really innovative urban policies are borrowed by cities rather than developed locally across a range of urban areas. Mobile policies have assumed promin-ence in an era of heightened inter-city competition amidst social and environmental challenges. The mobility of policies is further intensi fi ed through the existence of international networks of scholars and policy-makers that transmit knowledge of initiatives that have proven successful somewhere in meeting these challenges. Nevertheless, existing scholarship does not adequately interrogate the ways in which innovative new urban policies are generated in the fi rst place. What kinds of factors should we look for to explain the emergence of such policies? Are there certain kinds of policy challenges that are less susceptible to being adopted from somewhere else and that are more likely to need local innovation? This short paper attempts to open debate on these questions. In doing so, we draw on a recent survey of innovative urban sustainability policies implemented across the globe after developing insights suggested by the theoretical concepts of Deleuze. The particular Deleuzian concepts we draw on start with the notion of the rhizome, and the way it can be used to understand how new policies emerge. Next, Deleuze ’ s emphasis on the importance of context and contingency is used in conjunction with his concept of multiplicity to understand the characteristics that new policies might have. In addition, Deleuze ’ s concept of the fold","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"24 1","pages":"133 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45510900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2155692
E. Keys
Abstract Estimates – whether a project budget or a patronage forecast – are problematic planning artefacts. Current scholarship seems divided between those that hold estimates as objective statements and those who see them as rationalities of the powerful. Both constructs, if allowed, constrain the planners’ agency in daily practice. These worldviews can be reconciled if estimates are acknowledged as social constructs. I explore this alternative view by re-examining Wachs’ classic case of When planners lie with numbers and an example from my own experience. The analysis uses ANT to make explicit the tacit knowledge gained through working with estimates in practice.
{"title":"Truth, Lies or Allies? The Agency of Estimates","authors":"E. Keys","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2155692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2155692","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Estimates – whether a project budget or a patronage forecast – are problematic planning artefacts. Current scholarship seems divided between those that hold estimates as objective statements and those who see them as rationalities of the powerful. Both constructs, if allowed, constrain the planners’ agency in daily practice. These worldviews can be reconciled if estimates are acknowledged as social constructs. I explore this alternative view by re-examining Wachs’ classic case of When planners lie with numbers and an example from my own experience. The analysis uses ANT to make explicit the tacit knowledge gained through working with estimates in practice.","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"24 1","pages":"30 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47475746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2154824
N. Harris
Abstract The field of legal geography provides useful concepts for analysing the spatial, material and temporal dimensions of planning law. This article explores the spatialities, materialities and temporalities embedded in planning regulations. It examines the “things” written into planning regulations and the spatial – as well as social and temporal – relationships and arrangements established among these things. A framework is derived from legal geography to identify the objects, scales, units, boundaries, actors, and social and spatial relationships written into planning regulations. The article identifies a research agenda for further work in examining planning regulation through the lens of legal geography.
{"title":"The Spatial, Material and Temporal Dimensions of Planning Regulations: A Legal Geography Perspective","authors":"N. Harris","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2154824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2154824","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The field of legal geography provides useful concepts for analysing the spatial, material and temporal dimensions of planning law. This article explores the spatialities, materialities and temporalities embedded in planning regulations. It examines the “things” written into planning regulations and the spatial – as well as social and temporal – relationships and arrangements established among these things. A framework is derived from legal geography to identify the objects, scales, units, boundaries, actors, and social and spatial relationships written into planning regulations. The article identifies a research agenda for further work in examining planning regulation through the lens of legal geography.","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"24 1","pages":"80 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42033673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2141844
M. Hibbard, Kathryn I. Frank
Abstract The recent cultural turn in planning has had important influences across the globe. However, insufficient attention has been given to one of the most interesting aspects of the planning-culture nexus, the potential of planning in integrating the social life of regions. That approach, termed cultural regionalism, shaped thinking about regional planning in the U.S. in the 1920s and ‘30 s, but had essentially disappeared by the 1950s. We explore cultural regionalism through a review of the work of Howard W. Odum and his colleagues and then consider how contemporary planning might benefit from exposure to it.
近年来，规划文化的转变在全球范围内产生了重要影响。然而，规划与文化联系的一个最有趣的方面，即规划在整合区域社会生活方面的潜力，却没有得到足够的重视。这种方法被称为文化地域主义，在20世纪20年代和30年代影响了美国对区域规划的思考，但在20世纪50年代基本上消失了。我们通过回顾Howard W. Odum及其同事的工作来探索文化地域性，然后考虑当代规划如何从接触它中受益。
{"title":"Reviving the Cultural Dimension of Rural Regional Planning: Lessons from Howard W. Odum and the Cultural Regionalists","authors":"M. Hibbard, Kathryn I. Frank","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2141844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2141844","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The recent cultural turn in planning has had important influences across the globe. However, insufficient attention has been given to one of the most interesting aspects of the planning-culture nexus, the potential of planning in integrating the social life of regions. That approach, termed cultural regionalism, shaped thinking about regional planning in the U.S. in the 1920s and ‘30 s, but had essentially disappeared by the 1950s. We explore cultural regionalism through a review of the work of Howard W. Odum and his colleagues and then consider how contemporary planning might benefit from exposure to it.","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"741 - 755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47383609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2147340
D. Rivera, Marccus D. Hendricks
Green infrastructure (GI) remains a critical tool for addressing and managing environmental risks and hazards, yet its implementation and maintenance remains highly uncertain and inequitable. From the perspectives of climate and environmental justice, GI has repeatedly been shown to entrench inequity through uneven (quality and distribution) implementation (Hendricks et al., 2018; Hendricks & Van Zandt, 2021). Following literature on “municipal underbounding” (Durst, 2014; Mukhija & Mason, 2013), we propose the concept of “undergreening” to express the systematic reluctance of municipalities to incorporate and provide green infrastructure in communities of color. In this commentary, we identify four axes upon which undergreening manifests within planning. These four axes reflect several approaches to examining undergreening such as distributive injustice, but also expand traditional GI approaches to include procedural and relational issues affecting its implementation. From this, we conclude with four sets of questions and provocations to expand planning perspectives on GI and address planners’ roles in undergreening.
绿色基础设施(GI)仍然是解决和管理环境风险和危害的关键工具，但其实施和维护仍然高度不确定和不公平。从气候和环境正义的角度来看，地理标志一再被证明通过不平衡的(质量和分布)实施来巩固不平等(Hendricks等人，2018;Hendricks & Van Zandt, 2021)。以下是关于“市政底层”的文献(Durst, 2014;Mukhija & Mason, 2013)，我们提出了“绿化”的概念，以表达市政当局在有色人种社区中整合和提供绿色基础设施的系统性不情愿。在这篇评论中，我们确定了绿化在规划中体现的四个轴。这四个轴反映了检查绿化不足的几种方法，如分配不公正，但也扩展了传统的地理标志方法，包括影响其实施的程序和关系问题。在此基础上，我们提出了四组问题和建议，以扩展地理标志的规划视角，并解决规划师在绿化中的作用。
{"title":"Municipal Undergreening: Framing the Planning Challenges of Implementing Green Infrastructure in Marginalized Communities","authors":"D. Rivera, Marccus D. Hendricks","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2147340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2147340","url":null,"abstract":"Green infrastructure (GI) remains a critical tool for addressing and managing environmental risks and hazards, yet its implementation and maintenance remains highly uncertain and inequitable. From the perspectives of climate and environmental justice, GI has repeatedly been shown to entrench inequity through uneven (quality and distribution) implementation (Hendricks et al., 2018; Hendricks & Van Zandt, 2021). Following literature on “municipal underbounding” (Durst, 2014; Mukhija & Mason, 2013), we propose the concept of “undergreening” to express the systematic reluctance of municipalities to incorporate and provide green infrastructure in communities of color. In this commentary, we identify four axes upon which undergreening manifests within planning. These four axes reflect several approaches to examining undergreening such as distributive injustice, but also expand traditional GI approaches to include procedural and relational issues affecting its implementation. From this, we conclude with four sets of questions and provocations to expand planning perspectives on GI and address planners’ roles in undergreening.","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"807 - 811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43443068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2141845
Christina Hanna, Raven Cretney, I. White
Abstract As a nation rapidly progressing managed retreat legislation, we take a historical perspective to identify how the imaginary of retreat evolved in Aotearoa-New Zealand to become mainstream. Tracing the history along a layered reactive-passive-proactive timeline, we reveal how policy experiments and technical advocacy coalitions have advanced different imaginaries of retreat, creating new political spaces for change. We identify the importance of understanding retreat as less of a “policy” and more an attempt to unmake and remake space that has implications for justice and the permanence of land-use and property in an era of dynamic risks.
{"title":"Re-Imagining Relationships with Space, Place, and Property: The Story of Mainstreaming Managed Retreats in Aotearoa-New Zealand","authors":"Christina Hanna, Raven Cretney, I. White","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2141845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2141845","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As a nation rapidly progressing managed retreat legislation, we take a historical perspective to identify how the imaginary of retreat evolved in Aotearoa-New Zealand to become mainstream. Tracing the history along a layered reactive-passive-proactive timeline, we reveal how policy experiments and technical advocacy coalitions have advanced different imaginaries of retreat, creating new political spaces for change. We identify the importance of understanding retreat as less of a “policy” and more an attempt to unmake and remake space that has implications for justice and the permanence of land-use and property in an era of dynamic risks.","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"681 - 702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47259830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2133158
J. Forester
Abstract In settings of uncertainty and ambiguity, inequality and conflict, planners must be context-responsive and improvise. As yesterday’s routines fail to satisfy tomorrow’s demands, few prescriptive rules – no musical scores – dictate practitioners’ actions. Four cases from diverse settings show how planners can improvise “options analysis” by integrating moves of diagnosing value, leveraging expertise, and negotiating outcomes. Practitioners perform options analysis with stakeholders by deliberatively asking and answering distinct but related questions of what matters, what’s known, what they can do together. Options analysis specifies, deepens, and extends communicative and critical pragmatic planning theories, raising new research questions.
{"title":"Options Analysis as Context-Responsiveness in Practice: Integrating Diagnosis, Expertise, and Negotiation (Refining Communicative Planning and Critical Pragmatism)","authors":"J. Forester","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2133158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2133158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In settings of uncertainty and ambiguity, inequality and conflict, planners must be context-responsive and improvise. As yesterday’s routines fail to satisfy tomorrow’s demands, few prescriptive rules – no musical scores – dictate practitioners’ actions. Four cases from diverse settings show how planners can improvise “options analysis” by integrating moves of diagnosing value, leveraging expertise, and negotiating outcomes. Practitioners perform options analysis with stakeholders by deliberatively asking and answering distinct but related questions of what matters, what’s known, what they can do together. Options analysis specifies, deepens, and extends communicative and critical pragmatic planning theories, raising new research questions.","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"663 - 680"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44937395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2147337
P. Healey
{"title":"The Pandemic Within: Policy Making for a Better World","authors":"P. Healey","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2147337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2147337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"812 - 815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42325772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2022.2147338
Beatrijs Haverkamp, L. Eckenwiler
COVID-19
2019冠状病毒疾病
{"title":"Health Equity: A Case for Ethical Placemaking","authors":"Beatrijs Haverkamp, L. Eckenwiler","doi":"10.1080/14649357.2022.2147338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2147338","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19","PeriodicalId":47693,"journal":{"name":"Planning Theory & Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"801 - 806"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48648975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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