Pub Date : 2020-12-02DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1826002
C. Harris, Jeff Gruenewald, Cody R. Tuttle
ABSTRACT Contrary to empirical evidence, immigration is seen as increasing rates of crime among the public. However, most people draw from secondary sources—including local news media—to form such opinions. We examine the contextual factors impacting whether and how local media describe the immigration–crime nexus. Using data constructed from content analysis of over 3,800 news articles, we find that the likelihood of local media providing coverage of immigration and crime varies as a function of the violent crime rate, minority population size and growth, and religious and political conservatism. Additionally, news “frames” depend on contextual factors too: Articles in more affluent communities with growing minority populations link immigration to higher rates of crime but are less likely to discuss the protective effects of immigration or immigrant refugees.
{"title":"Immigration and Crime in the Local News: Exploring the Macrolevel Covariates of Coverage and Framing","authors":"C. Harris, Jeff Gruenewald, Cody R. Tuttle","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1826002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1826002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Contrary to empirical evidence, immigration is seen as increasing rates of crime among the public. However, most people draw from secondary sources—including local news media—to form such opinions. We examine the contextual factors impacting whether and how local media describe the immigration–crime nexus. Using data constructed from content analysis of over 3,800 news articles, we find that the likelihood of local media providing coverage of immigration and crime varies as a function of the violent crime rate, minority population size and growth, and religious and political conservatism. Additionally, news “frames” depend on contextual factors too: Articles in more affluent communities with growing minority populations link immigration to higher rates of crime but are less likely to discuss the protective effects of immigration or immigrant refugees.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"788 - 812"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1826002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42520288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1804813
Raul S Casarez
ABSTRACT Race consistently patterns anti-immigrant bias. However, it is less clear if all racial groups define “being American” in the same way. This work explores the ways ascribed characteristics that define being “American,” termed Ascripted Americanness, potentially contributes to racial variation in attitudes toward immigrants. Using the 2004 & 2014 General Social Survey (n = 1,774), results show that emphasizing any facet of Ascripted Americanness, particularly US ancestry, correlates to anti-immigrant hostility. Furthermore, the connection between Ascripted Americanness and hostility tends to be more pronounced for white adults compared to black or Latinx adults. Ultimately, these findings reveal that hostility toward immigrants is shaped by the racialization of symbolic boundaries around “being American.”
{"title":"This Land Is (Not) Your Land: Race and Ascripted Americanness in the Formation of Attitudes about Immigrants","authors":"Raul S Casarez","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1804813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1804813","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Race consistently patterns anti-immigrant bias. However, it is less clear if all racial groups define “being American” in the same way. This work explores the ways ascribed characteristics that define being “American,” termed Ascripted Americanness, potentially contributes to racial variation in attitudes toward immigrants. Using the 2004 & 2014 General Social Survey (n = 1,774), results show that emphasizing any facet of Ascripted Americanness, particularly US ancestry, correlates to anti-immigrant hostility. Furthermore, the connection between Ascripted Americanness and hostility tends to be more pronounced for white adults compared to black or Latinx adults. Ultimately, these findings reveal that hostility toward immigrants is shaped by the racialization of symbolic boundaries around “being American.”","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"114 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1804813","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49606236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1842141
Christopher Todd Beer
ABSTRACT Social movements and academic research debate about how to address climate change. One such debate asks whether climate change should be addressed by new policies and technological innovation within the existing economic system or if it requires a more fundamental change to the system. How much do mainstream climate change protestors support a radical shift away from capitalism to address climate change? Using original survey data collected during major U.S. climate change movement events, I examine the individual-level predictors of protestors’ support for a radical shift away from capitalism and the demographics of mainstream climate change protestors.
{"title":"“Systems Change Not Climate Change”: Support for a Radical Shift Away from Capitalism at Mainstream U.S. Climate Change Protest Events","authors":"Christopher Todd Beer","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1842141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1842141","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social movements and academic research debate about how to address climate change. One such debate asks whether climate change should be addressed by new policies and technological innovation within the existing economic system or if it requires a more fundamental change to the system. How much do mainstream climate change protestors support a radical shift away from capitalism to address climate change? Using original survey data collected during major U.S. climate change movement events, I examine the individual-level predictors of protestors’ support for a radical shift away from capitalism and the demographics of mainstream climate change protestors.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"175 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1842141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47130906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-24DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1822220
Samuel L. Perry, Andrew L. Whitehead
ABSTRACT We propose contemporary support for sweeping anti-pornography legislation is driven, in large part, by Christian nationalism―an ideology seeking to politically enforce a mythic Christian sexual order, but not one’s own sexual behavior. We show Christian nationalism strongly predicts a desire to outlaw pornography, but not actual pornography use. Moreover, Christian nationalism is also the strongest predictor that Americans believe pornography leads to a breakdown of morals and to rape, but is unrelated to views about porn’s individual consequences. Unlike indicators of personal piety, which connect pornography to individual behavior, Christian nationalism relates to pornography almost exclusively as a societal threat.
{"title":"Porn as a Threat to the Mythic Social Order: Christian Nationalism, Anti-Pornography Legislation, and Fear of Pornography as a Public Menace","authors":"Samuel L. Perry, Andrew L. Whitehead","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1822220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1822220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We propose contemporary support for sweeping anti-pornography legislation is driven, in large part, by Christian nationalism―an ideology seeking to politically enforce a mythic Christian sexual order, but not one’s own sexual behavior. We show Christian nationalism strongly predicts a desire to outlaw pornography, but not actual pornography use. Moreover, Christian nationalism is also the strongest predictor that Americans believe pornography leads to a breakdown of morals and to rape, but is unrelated to views about porn’s individual consequences. Unlike indicators of personal piety, which connect pornography to individual behavior, Christian nationalism relates to pornography almost exclusively as a societal threat.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"316 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1822220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48424506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-24DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1817811
Virginia Riel
ABSTRACT Using qualitative data collected in three charter schools over the course of 14 months, this article analyzes how involvement expectations played a role in charter school recruitment practices and shaped personnel-parent relations. Through various recruitment strategies, personnel built involvement expectations among prospective parents, treating them as valued customers whose happiness carried consequences for funding. Personnel drew on parents’ financial networks, neighborhood connections, and social media contacts to recruit families, as for-profit charter school budgets rely on the recruitment and retention of parents who can volunteer, serve on committees, provide transportation, court donors, and recruit similar families.
{"title":"Building Expectations and Keeping Customers Happy: How Charter School Leaders Recruit and Retain Families","authors":"Virginia Riel","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1817811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1817811","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using qualitative data collected in three charter schools over the course of 14 months, this article analyzes how involvement expectations played a role in charter school recruitment practices and shaped personnel-parent relations. Through various recruitment strategies, personnel built involvement expectations among prospective parents, treating them as valued customers whose happiness carried consequences for funding. Personnel drew on parents’ financial networks, neighborhood connections, and social media contacts to recruit families, as for-profit charter school budgets rely on the recruitment and retention of parents who can volunteer, serve on committees, provide transportation, court donors, and recruit similar families.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"296 - 315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1817811","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42405179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-24DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1834463
Min Zhou
ABSTRACT Borrowing insights from economic sociology and world system theory, this study highlights the dual “embeddedness” of regional trade agreements (RTAs) and examines the contingent nature of their trade-promoting effect. While overall RTAs are found to promote bilateral trade, the trade-promoting effect varies. First, RTAs are embedded in dyadic homophily. Geographic, political, and cultural proximity provides a favorable institutional environment for the materialization of the trade-expanding potential unleashed by RTAs. Most RTAs are predominantly focused on reducing trade barriers and are far less effective in creating effective institutions (especially informal institutions), thereby rendering the actual effectiveness of RTAs dependent on dyadic homophily. Second, RTAs are also embedded in the overall world system. RTAs between wealthy core countries boost trade more effectively than those between less developed peripheral countries. Peripheral countries have limited economic power and lack the capacity or intention to fully implement policies stipulated in RTAs. Overall, the dual “embeddedness” and its resulting differential effectiveness of RTAs is expected to intensify regionalism and the North-South divide in global trade.
{"title":"Differential Effectiveness of Regional Trade Agreements, 1958-2012: The Conditioning Effects from Homophily and World-System Status","authors":"Min Zhou","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1834463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1834463","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Borrowing insights from economic sociology and world system theory, this study highlights the dual “embeddedness” of regional trade agreements (RTAs) and examines the contingent nature of their trade-promoting effect. While overall RTAs are found to promote bilateral trade, the trade-promoting effect varies. First, RTAs are embedded in dyadic homophily. Geographic, political, and cultural proximity provides a favorable institutional environment for the materialization of the trade-expanding potential unleashed by RTAs. Most RTAs are predominantly focused on reducing trade barriers and are far less effective in creating effective institutions (especially informal institutions), thereby rendering the actual effectiveness of RTAs dependent on dyadic homophily. Second, RTAs are also embedded in the overall world system. RTAs between wealthy core countries boost trade more effectively than those between less developed peripheral countries. Peripheral countries have limited economic power and lack the capacity or intention to fully implement policies stipulated in RTAs. Overall, the dual “embeddedness” and its resulting differential effectiveness of RTAs is expected to intensify regionalism and the North-South divide in global trade.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"337 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1834463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48582190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-24DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1816863
Simeon J. Newman
ABSTRACT I outline an underappreciated explanation for states’ de facto policy-implementation priorities, contrast it with existing explanations, and apply it to the Peruvian state’s extension of “urban citizenship” (squatter residence legalization) in late-twentieth century Lima. Bureaucratic priorities emerge from both the intervention of the bureaucracy tasked with policy implementation and local-level actors found in the policy-implementation arena it targets. Qualitative evidence shows that the legalization bureaucracy encountered neighborhood elites who tried to obstruct the extension of urban citizenship. Quantitative evidence suggests that these actors were unevenly distributed across space and that the state prioritized settlements according to their relative absence.
{"title":"The Emergence of de facto Bureaucratic Priorities: Extending Urban Citizenship in fin-de-millénaire Lima, Peru","authors":"Simeon J. Newman","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1816863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1816863","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT I outline an underappreciated explanation for states’ de facto policy-implementation priorities, contrast it with existing explanations, and apply it to the Peruvian state’s extension of “urban citizenship” (squatter residence legalization) in late-twentieth century Lima. Bureaucratic priorities emerge from both the intervention of the bureaucracy tasked with policy implementation and local-level actors found in the policy-implementation arena it targets. Qualitative evidence shows that the legalization bureaucracy encountered neighborhood elites who tried to obstruct the extension of urban citizenship. Quantitative evidence suggests that these actors were unevenly distributed across space and that the state prioritized settlements according to their relative absence.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"266 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1816863","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48841852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-24DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1834464
Anders Vassenden, Merete Jonvik
ABSTRACT The recent flourishing of visual methods is not mirrored in studies of taste. This paper engages with photo elicitation (PE), which Bourdieu applied in Distinction, but never elaborated on. We conducted systematic photo-interviewing in arts, fiction and architecture. After reviewing the relevant literature, we highlight illustrative findings and discuss the potential of PE. In studies of taste, PE helps in bridging “social worlds”, and can unveil class-based repertoires for understanding culture. It provides entry to tacit knowledge, and aids comparisons. Importantly, when two methods, PE and oral interviewing, are used in combination, this significantly helps substantiate our findings.
{"title":"Photo Elicitation and the Sociology of Taste: A Review of the Field, Empirical Illustrations, Arguments for A “Return to Photography”","authors":"Anders Vassenden, Merete Jonvik","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1834464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1834464","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The recent flourishing of visual methods is not mirrored in studies of taste. This paper engages with photo elicitation (PE), which Bourdieu applied in Distinction, but never elaborated on. We conducted systematic photo-interviewing in arts, fiction and architecture. After reviewing the relevant literature, we highlight illustrative findings and discuss the potential of PE. In studies of taste, PE helps in bridging “social worlds”, and can unveil class-based repertoires for understanding culture. It provides entry to tacit knowledge, and aids comparisons. Importantly, when two methods, PE and oral interviewing, are used in combination, this significantly helps substantiate our findings.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"154 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1834464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48213103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-21DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1811175
Laura M. Krull
ABSTRACT Members of religious groups in the United States engage in boundary work to maintain distinct identities, but we know little about how inclusive Christians navigate the exclusionary aspects of boundary work. Drawing on one year of participant observation at a liberal congregation and twenty-six interviews, I find that congregants develop three strategies for boundary work that reflect their inclusive identity. I argue that this boundary work reflects the congregation’s high social class, thus reinforcing the underlying social boundary of class. This research extends our understanding of boundary work in congregations and further elucidates how churches may contribute to inequality.
{"title":"“I Want to Reclaim Christianity”: Boundary Work among Inclusive Christians","authors":"Laura M. Krull","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1811175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1811175","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Members of religious groups in the United States engage in boundary work to maintain distinct identities, but we know little about how inclusive Christians navigate the exclusionary aspects of boundary work. Drawing on one year of participant observation at a liberal congregation and twenty-six interviews, I find that congregants develop three strategies for boundary work that reflect their inclusive identity. I argue that this boundary work reflects the congregation’s high social class, thus reinforcing the underlying social boundary of class. This research extends our understanding of boundary work in congregations and further elucidates how churches may contribute to inequality.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"712 - 733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1811175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46286124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-15DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1797597
Tracy Adams
ABSTRACT In this research I examine how collective memory travels in political speech. I qualitatively analyze how the memory of the Holocaust is deployed in non-commemorative settings across three national contexts: Israel, Germany, and the US. Findings demonstrate how the memory of the Holocaust is selectively presented and rearranged to support a domestic agenda. Ever-expanding transnationalization has thus heightened interconnectivity, enabling the memory of the Holocaust to travel over and beyond traditional settings. It has also admitted memories from beyond the border into the national context of public sense-making through speech. Discussing implications for theory and scholarship, I argue that the social construction of memories as transnationalized entities, and their importation via political speech holds within it a socially-charged question, namely, to whom does this memory belong?
{"title":"Sharing the Same Space: How the Memory of the Holocaust Travels in Political Speech","authors":"Tracy Adams","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1797597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1797597","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this research I examine how collective memory travels in political speech. I qualitatively analyze how the memory of the Holocaust is deployed in non-commemorative settings across three national contexts: Israel, Germany, and the US. Findings demonstrate how the memory of the Holocaust is selectively presented and rearranged to support a domestic agenda. Ever-expanding transnationalization has thus heightened interconnectivity, enabling the memory of the Holocaust to travel over and beyond traditional settings. It has also admitted memories from beyond the border into the national context of public sense-making through speech. Discussing implications for theory and scholarship, I argue that the social construction of memories as transnationalized entities, and their importation via political speech holds within it a socially-charged question, namely, to whom does this memory belong?","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"247 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1797597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47962507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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